CHAPTER I.

/Somatic Characters/ 12

/Distinctive Characters of Man and Apes/.--Monkeys and anthropoid apes--Erect attitude--Curvature of the spine--Brain--Skull--Teeth--Other characters--Differences less accentuated in the fœtus and the young than in the adult.

/Distinctive Morphological Characters of Human Races/.--_Stature_: Individual limits--Dwarfs and giants--Average stature of different populations--Influence of environment--Differences according to sex--Reconstitution from the long bones--_Teguments_: Skin--Hair of head and body--Four principal types--Microscopic structure--Correlation between the hair of the head and the pilosity of the body--_Pigmentation_: Colouring of the skin, the eyes, and the hair--Changes in the pigment.