Part 16

"BLUE GRASS"; or a Poa found at the Straits of Magellan, 48 "a cosmopolitan grass" with peculiar affinity for the soil of Kentucky.--The "grass" and the "race."--Opinion expressed by a New England tourist, 49

BOONE, the explorer.--Early "trustee" of Maysville, 2 name derived from Bohun, 2

"BOURBON." Famous Kentucky distillate, 4

BRECKINRIDGE, John C. Vice-President United States, 14

BRITISH ASSOCIATION, 1889.--Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 10 discusses paper on Scandinavian origin of English race, 10

BRITISH savants stiff in opinion, 34

BRUCE, Doctor. Historian of Roman Wall, 13

BUCKNER, a Southern family (foot-note), 7 Elizabeth, maiden name of the Beautiful Scandinavian, 7

CARDENAS, battle of, 27, 28 Kentuckians cover retreat to the sea.--Chaplain of expedition killed.--Liberators seize United States fort, 28

CARLISLE, Canon of, quoted.--English surnames are largely exotic. Normandy, he says, was the source of supply.--What was the effect of the "Conquest"?--Anglo-Saxon "grammar" survived, but the stately old _nomenclature of the race_ was hopelessly smashed.--If comparative grammar can deduce the history of the Anglo-Saxon tongue from the habitual speech of an English plough-boy, what historic significance is to be attached to the flood of Norman surnames that were "absorbed" by the Saxon race?--The native speech survived because the dialects which fed it were still living and intact, 141

CAVALIER. An original product of Normandy.--"The man on horseback," 47 Guild-hall collection of seals.--Equestrian figure, 48

"CAVALIERISM." Origin of the word, 46, 47

CELT, Normanized, or Scandinavian Celt.--"The Fighting Race," 24

CHILDE, Edward Lee. "Life of Robert E. Lee" (Paris, France, 1874), 46

CLARK, George Rogers, a Scandinavian general.--His "wintry marches" in the Northwest, 88

COLERIDGE on England's insular position.--Its effect, 59

"COMMERCIAL ARISTOCRACY," 29

COMPARISON of the two races, Norman and Saxon.--Origin of the discussion, 127

COURTHOUSE (Maysville, Kentucky).--Description of.--Du Chaillu received at, 2

CRAFT (says Mr. Freeman) is the dominant quality of the Norman character, 131 popular recognition of the fact.--The winning cards, 132

CRAIK, Doctor George, an eminent British scholar, 34 Eastern and Northern England from middle of the Ninth Century as much Danish as English, 35 says English "more Scandinavian (Danish or Swedish) than the modern German," 34 Scandinavian dialect imported by invading bands in Fifth and Sixth Centuries, 35 views on a Norman migration, 36

DANES (who were English Normans) fiercely opposed their kinsman, the Norman invader, 109 every step obstinately contested in Northumbria, 109 Northumbria the birth-place of the Puritan and the Virginian (vide Wendell and Fiske), 86 the Dane's (or English Norman's) passionate love of freedom, 111

DAVIS, Thomas A., 9

DAWKINS, Boyd. "Cave Hunter," 13 a warm debate (Newcastle), 18

DESHA, Governor. Reference to corporations, 68

DISRAELI repeats the miracle of Lanfranc, 103 Gaston Phoebus as a Gascon noble, 105 his philosophic insight, 104 Monsignore Berwick and his inherited traits, 104 nature's reproduction of type, 105, 129 temp. Louis le Grand, 105 the Southern "Colonel" with a Norman name, 105

DONCASTER RACES: Chitabob and Donovan--North against South.--Deep popular interest.--Wagner and Grey Eagle in Kentucky.--Extremes touch, 42, 43

DU CHAILLU, Paul. Explorer's visit to Maysville, Kentucky, 3 committee of reception (foot-note), 9 date of visit to Kentucky (1876), 9 description of hosts, 6 encounter with gorilla, 6 entertained by Limestone Club, 4 his re-discovery of La Nouvelle France, 9 interest in "the Beautiful Scandinavian," 7 lecture at Courthouse, 3 personal description of, 5-7 "take a horn"--Du Chaillu, 122 verifies the observations of Maltebrun, 121 vivid description of, 6

EDWARD THE CONFESSOR established intimate relations between England and Normandy, 36

EFFRENATISSIMA. _Effrenatus_ use by Cicero, 28

ELIZABETH TUDOR and Henry the Eighth, 77-79 her recognition of the people, 78

"ELIZABETHAN" Englishmen, the Kentuckians are (Professor Shaler), 26

ENGLISH farmer of Anglo-Norman type.--Resemblance to Norman farmer of present day, 29

ENGLISH FOLK. Professor Shaler quoted, 25 "largest body of nearly pure English" found in Kentucky, 25

ENGLISHMAN, the Elizabethan. When the elements balanced, his evolution was complete, 128

EVANS, Sir John. Writer on archæology, 13

EXAMPLES of atavism or reversion. The Scottish blood (which was the "dominant" in the Berwick cross) by a gradual process of selection from continuous or intermittent variations comes at last to the front; first manifested, no doubt, in the invigoration of the moral quality, and finally in a physical "mutation"--a return to the original or characteristic color of eyes and hair in the paternal gens. The theory of transmission or inheritance of moral and physical traits in Gaston Phoebus from the Gascon noble is not materially different.--The problem of "three" bodies (really two) in the genesis of the _Englishman_, though apparently more complex, is essentially the same, the "dominant" factor in the process being _Norman_ or _Norse_.--Whether the explanation be convincing or not, beyond all question it shows that the Darwinian "scientist" lacks the simplicity of the Disraelitish seer, 104

FACILE PRINCEPS--An English estimate generally accepted in Kentucky, 135

FAMILY NAMES, BRITISH. Families bearing Norman names unconscious of their origin, 117 names now accounted _English_ were originally _Norman_.--The proof of this exists in two countries (England and Normandy) in practically contemporary records, 118 one Norman name upon an English record after the Conquest might be _suggestive_; five thousand names would be almost conclusive.--A legal maxim quoted, 118 this basis of record proof for purposes of comparison unique, 118

FISKE, John. On "ethnic differentiation."--The Aryan brothers far apart, 58 New England founded by East Anglian or Scandinavian Englishmen, 87 the East Anglian's hatred of tyranny and passion for freedom of thought, 87

FREEMAN, Edward A., says Norman a "born soldier" and "a born lawyer," 27

GALTON, SIR FRANCIS. Writer on Heredity, 13

GENS EFFRENATISSIMA (Malaterra), 27

GENTILHOMME, translated "gentleman."--England indebted to Normandy for the word, 46

GOTHIC RACES. First seen in an historic twilight, 108 a great racial march or movement across Europe in parallel columns, 110 a Scandinavian naval station, with dry docks, 112 "a wild and arid nurse," 111 description of the peninsular (Scandinavia) _milieu_, 111 difficulty of following the Gothic trail in their early Asian home.--Modern illustrations of this Asian mystery.--Warring nations of the same race.--Teuton and Goths.--Yenghees in the North, Dixees in the South.--Divided and belligerent, but racially the same, 109 drift in the eddies of an archipelagic sea.--What became of it? 114 ethnic differentiation.--Why should the _Norseman_ differ from the kindred _Teuton_ in the south? 111 from the Caspian Sea to the mouths of the Elbe and Rhine, 110 he ravages the shores of Northumbria and the rivers of France, 113 loitering along the shores of the Baltic.--Peopling Denmark, the Danish Islands, and the Scandinavian Peninsula, 110 their Asian migrations veiled by the mists of time, 109 who were the original "comelings" on English soil? 116 William the Conqueror--fifth in descent from Rolf Ganger, the freebooting admiral of the Northern Seas, 113

GREEN, Colonel Thomas M., author of "The Spanish Conspiracy," 9

GREEN, Thomas Marshall, an accomplished speaker, introduces M. Du Chaillu to the audience, 9

HAMILTON--JEFFERSON--LINCOLN, 77

HAMLET. A psychological epitome of his race (Danish).--The historic or legendary basis of the character.--The "original" of the character in its intellectual aspects was afamous French scholar and essayist.--His character and tastes.--His literary work.--The favorite writer of Shakespeare, 96 advice to Kentuckians who take themselves "too seriously" from a philosophic observer who sometimes, it is thought, did not take things _seriously enough_.--Essentially a modern thinker, 97, 98

HARDY, THOMAS, the novelist, 23 his views in "Tess," a powerful work of fiction, 23

HENGIST AND HORSA, 45

INEZ. An allusion to Hood's poem, "O saw ye not Fair Inez?" (foot-note), 7

ISAAC LE BON and a Virginian "cross."--The differentiating quality, 105, 129

KENTON, Pioneer.--Commissioner of Roads for Mason County, 2 a famous hunter.--Name in State enactments spelled _Canton_, no doubt as then pronounced, 2

KENTUCKIAN, the. Loves a "good cross," 129 Kentuckians and Normans; points of resemblance between the derivative and the original stocks, 133 not a weak vessel, 130 transmission of characteristic traits, 130

KENTUCKY. Lawless elements.--Origin and distribution, 59 Anglo-Norman juries.--A technical defense, 60 political assassination.--Murder as an administrative art, 60 statecraft; enterprise in war.--"A little nation," 106

"KING'S MOUNTAIN," The Man of, 25

LAMARCK, the famous French savant; referred to in conjunction with Taine and Sainte-Beuve, _naturaliste des esprits_.--"I began my intellectual life," says Sainte-Beuve, "with Lamarck and the physiologists," 51

LANFRANC, the scholar, 36 effects of his work still visible, 36 restrains William Rufus and Odo of Bayeux, 36

LAW. The Norman of Malaterra and "the forms of law," 28

LEE, LIONEL, accompanies Richard of the Lion-Heart in Third Crusade, at the head of a company of _gentilhommes_, 46

LEXICON OF NAMES. A marvelous number and variety of facts. What theory best explains these facts in their relations? A clear judicial faculty required to recognize the force of the cumulative verification, 136

LIBRARY, FREE, Newcastle, 13 a group of savants, 13 Anthropological Section meets at, 13 personal description of, 13

LIMESTONE CLUB, entertainment by, 3

LIMESTONE, phosphatic; basis of Bluegrass region, 2

LONDON TIMES. A contemporary estimate of Du Chaillu's views. An organ that forms, reflects, and fixes opinion.--Question of the origin and migration of races.--"Time ripe for a new investigation," 39 letter from Du Chaillu to Times containing challenge to skeptical archæologists, 39, 40

LONGFELLOW, the poet, 12 Kentucky racer, 12 Norwegian barque named, 12

LOPEZ at Cardenas, 27, 28

LOUIS NAPOLEON. Places an Austrian Prince on the Mexican throne to unify the Latin race.--Its effect, 106

MACKINTOSH, DOCTOR JOHN. "The man of King's Mountain," 25

MALATERRA, Geoffrey. Describes the Norman in his original habitat, 27

MANNEN, Major Thomas H., 9

MARSHALL, General Humphrey. Notably large head, 123 his aide and secretary Captain Guerrant, 124

MARSH, George P., quoted.--Peculiarities of Scandinavian tongues observed in English.--"Irreconcilable discrepancies," 45

MID-CENTURY FIGURES, 30 a masculine type, 32

MONTAIGNE, the French essayist.--A quaint story with a cogent moral, 98-100

MONTALEMBERT. His "Monks of the West."--Estimate of the Saxon, 125

MORGAN, GENERAL JOHN. His command remarkable for military qualities.--The opinion of Captain Shaler, 124 Commodore Morgan presents "Yorkshire" to Henry Clay, 44

NAMES, the lesson of, 37 additions to list, 126 notes, 133 Virginian names. Alphabetical series of, 101

NANSEN, Fridjof. Arctic Explorer, 15

NAPOLEON. The English _un peuple marchand_, 29 as an administrator, 6

NELSON, General William. Description of, 32 large head, 123

NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, 10 Anthropological "Section" organized at (1863), 12 British Association meets at, 10 "carrying coals" to, 11 description of, 10 industrial progress, 10 northern cattle market, 11 Northumbrian vitality and vigor, 11

NEWPORT, Captain of _Sea Adventure_.--Vice-Admiral of Virginia, 81

NORMAN EXCHEQUER, Great Rolls of, 22 juxtaposition of with English records, 22

NORMANIZED KENTUCKIAN who has "assimilated" everything Norman but the _name_, 134

NORMANS distinguished from all other nations by their _craft_ (E. A. Freeman), 63, 131 leaders in England, France, America, 102 the Norman in his ethnical transformation act, 103 this Norman _craft_ akin in many respects to the "cuteness" and cleverness attributed to the American people, 63, 102

NORMAN SURNAMES, alphabetical series of. ("The Norman People"), 23

NORMAN RACE, 20 Conquest of England by, 21 desperate and prolonged struggle, 21 flow of migration _post bellum_, 21, 22 great historic march of the Norman people, 124 is it a "lost" race?, 20 memorials of, 20 The Continental recruiting ground, 21

NORTH AND SOUTH. Traits in common, 80

NORTHMEN in communication with peoples of the Mediterranean, 16 England one of their northern lands, 16 language of, similar to English of early times, 16 their settlements in Britain during Roman occupation, 16 they were bold and enterprising navigators at a time when neither the Saxons nor Franks were "sea-faring" people, 17

NORTHUMBRIAN INDUSTRIES, 11

ODERICUS VITALIS (an English writer) on the illiteracy of his countrymen at the time of the Conquest, 35

ORPHAN BRIGADE. Captain Shaler's estimate of, 124

OTTO the Saxon and William the Norman.--Conflicting missions, 108 the shadowy background of the Norman Conquest.--Formative period of Western Europe (foot-note), 108

OWENS, COLONEL FRANCIS P., 9

"OYEZ!" of Anglo-Norman sheriffs, 30

PERRY, Commodore. Furnishes "sea power" in 1812.--Aide to Governor Shelby.--Perry's sea-guns sighted by riflemen from Kentucky, 107

PHILOLOGIST, The. His proper field, 125

PIONEER COMMONWEALTH, "Genesis of a", 83

PIRATES, Scandinavian. Transmission of traits to English within historic times, 41

PITT RIVERS, general, soldier, and savant, 14

PROFANITY. The Normans "fond of oaths."--Rollo and Carolus Stultus, 63 a regulator of the nerves, 71 Ben Briler damned.--Desha on corporations, 68 Colonel Robert Blanchard and the "burnt cork" minstrels. Description of the entertainment.--"Hell's fire, Bob."--Conditions of life in the early West recalling the times of the Plantagenet kings (Barrett Wendell), 69, 70 "damned Yankee"--the two words fused by the fires of war, 64 early Kentuckians (like Shakespeare's soldier) "full of strange oaths," 64 fireside swearing in the auld lang syne, 67 General William Nelson.--His strong swearing instincts, 72 "God dern" not a Virginian oath, 74 imprecation upon a seller of inherited slaves.--Parody on famous line from Villon.--The dusky bondsmen of the past, 67 King William's oath at Alençon--Profanity of the Virgin Queen.--"A very drab."--"The Virginians addicted to oaths" (Fordham).--Attenuated oaths, 65 Pecksniff's "wooden damn," 73 Stonewall Jackson.--Jubal Early.--Governor Scott, of Kentucky.--Uncle Toby's oath.--Bolling Stith.--George Washington (foot-note), 66 "The Blue Light Elder."--"Does a Puritan swear?" 72 the devout Moslem.--Jean Gotdam (Bardsley), 73 the Master's Call, 68 the modern passion for "good form," 70 the oath in court.--The vulgar "cuss-word."--The conversational "swear," 71 the slinking figure of the iconoclast, 74 Washington, when deeply angered, _swore_.--The Attorney-General of Charles II "damns the souls" of the Virginian Commissioners to stimulate their commercial instincts, 75

QUATRAIN. (A Tennysonian Parody), 18, 134

RACE between Wagner and Grey Eagle, 43

RACIAL TRANSFORMATION. In England; Ireland; France; the United States, 102

RETROSPECT, a brief, 135

ROLF GANGER, the Scandinavian rover.--The world before him where to choose.--Scandinavian place-names, 108

ROMANES, GEORGE. Interpreter of Darwin, 14 description of appearance, 14

ROME, the Man of Ancient, 129

ROWENA, LADY, 31

SAINTE-BEUVE, the French critic. Reference to, 51

SALISBURY PLAIN.--Political birth of the English people, 78 researches among Scandinavians of Northern States.--Psychological distinctions, 95

SANDYS, Sir Edwin. Author of the earliest political charters, 82

SAXON, The. Came directly from the southeastern shores and islands of the North Sea, and is remotely of Gothic descent: The _Dane_ from Denmark and the Danish islands, and is directly of Scandinavian descent; the Norman, remotely Gothic, is immediately Scandinavian.--The conclusion inevitable, not that we are _Scandinavians_, but that we are deeply _Scandinavianized_, and that there is a _preponderance_ of _Scandinavian_ blood in the English race, 119 a regulative element lacking in Stevenson's duplex monstrosity, _Jekyll_ and _Hyde_.--Norman and Saxon, 120 Mr. Bart Kennedy in London _Mail_: Racially, the Kentuckian _facile princeps_, 120 Stevenson and Disraeli as writers, 120 the Kentuckian of Virginian descent a practically definite ethnical product, 119

SCANDINAVIA and Kentucky. Relations between the two, 45 cranial measurements of Scandinavians, 56

SCANDINAVIAN origin of English people, 15 animated debate in Anthropological Section, 17 description of scene, 18 outline of theory, 17 Scandinavians infused a spirit of enterprise into the English people they have never lost, 17 "Scot, the indomitable."--The Lowland Race, 24 sensational paper on (British Association), 17

SCANDINAVIAN population of the Northern States.--Their energy and brains, 57 possible fusion of with Scandinavians of the Virginian States to form a Continental empire.--Description of Scandinavians by Maltebrun, 57

SCHOLARSHIP, philosophic, seldom narrow and never offensive, 128

SCOTT, SIR WALTER. His romances popular in Kentucky, 121

"SCYTHIAN hand and foot." A Scandinavian peculiarity transmitted to the Norman and the Anglo-Dane, 57

"SEA ADVENTURE" wrecked on Devil's Island.--Captain Newport, 81

SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. "Cromwellian Days," 81

SHAKESPEARE and Virginia, 81 Shakespeare's English friends, 82 Shakespeare's portrayal of the Anglo-Norman kings, 94, 95

SHALER, Professor (Harvard). Conclusions drawn from Gould's measurements, 123 on "English Folk" in Kentucky, 25

SNORRO STURLESON, Laing's note to; quoted by Lytton, 56

SPECTACLE. The most dramatic in history (Du Chaillu), 129

SPENCER, HERBERT. Disappearance of Celtic type in the United States, 105

ST. ALDEGONDE, the English "Swell," 134

STANTON, Captain Clarence L., 9

TAINE, Hippolyte. Description of English types--"Male" and "Female."--"Carnivorous regime" or "Conformation of race"?--Mentions more attractive types.--The women described by Shakespeare and Dickens, and the noble historic type represented by William Pitt, 51-53 "erubescent bashfulness" a racial peculiarity, 54

TAYLOR, Isaac Canon, description of, 14 Impromptu parody by, 18

TURNER, Sir William. Reads paper at British Association (Newcastle, '89) on the Weismann Theory.--First public appearance of the theory in English scientific circles, 13, 55 Sir William did not accept the theory in full.--The hereditary tendency in harmony with the theory of natural selection, 55

TYPES OF BEAUTY in Kentucky, 31

UNITED STATES, genesis of. Beginnings of a great conflict, 83 Anglo-Spanish conflict closed by Dewey and Schley, 83 first Republic in New World (Dr. Alexander Brown), 84

VIKINGS of the West. Control of the Mississippi, 85 California appropriated by force "under legal forms," 85 Cuba. Disastrous attempts at annexation. Prospective annexation on the old lines, 85 passion for territorial expansion, 85 Vikings: who were they?, 86

VIRGINIA. Mason County settled by planters from, 2 "Piedmont" Virginia, 2 Virginia and the Virginian States, 39 Virginia peopled by English countryfolk (Anglo-Danes), 57

WALL, Mrs. Elizabeth Wall (Portrait), 7 Judge Garrett S. Wall, 9

WARREN, CHARLES DUDLEY. Visit to Kentucky, 51

WASHINGTON, George, of Anglo-Norman blood. Effigies of cavalier on Great Seal of Confederate States, 48 Jared Sparks derives the _family_ of Washington from William de Hertburn, who came into possession of "Wessington" (Washington), County Durham, prior to 1183. The _family_ soon after assumed the _name_ of Washington. The de Hertburns, who took the name of the place in Durham, were a Norman family. A Teutonic clan (says Freeman) gave the name _Wascingas_ to a village in the North of England. From this name of a mark, or village, came the name of a _family_--WASHINGTON; Ferguson deriving the name of Washington from _Wass_ (an Anglo-Saxon), a derivation which Lower (one of the best authorities) says is clearly untenable. Ferguson derives the name Gustavus Vasa (a Swede) from _huass_, keen, bold (old Norse). Not an unworthy etymon (he says) for _two_ great names--Gustavus Vasa and Washington. The first _de Washington_ (says the judicious Lower) was much more likely _a Norman_ who came in with the Conquest, and took the name which came with the estate.

WENDELL, PROFESSOR BARRETT (Harvard), on early life in the West, 70 dominant traits of the Elizabethan Englishman--Puritan and Virginian, 79, 80 his "Literary History of America," 78

WHITE, ANDREW D. Excerpt from address on "High Crime in the United States," 61

WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR. Administrative methods and machinery, 77 "A lover of peace"; Roger of Wendover quoted, 89 descendant of Scandinavian jarls, 87 effect upon France, 91 embodied the characteristic traits of his race, 87 _English Unity_ permanently established upon Salisbury Plain. The foundations of feudalism destroyed.--England made "one and indivisible," 93 physical characteristics.--Vigor and endurance tested in wintry campaigns, 88 progenitor of Virginian "Cavalier," 87 sovereign and subject cast in same mould.--The Norman a race separate and apart, yet mingling with all.--Capacity for colonization.--Their sovereign the most successful colonizer in French history.--A lost art in France.--How to repair the loss, 90 the Norman's Conquest of England transferred the capacity for colonization to the English race, 91 the Norman's system of administration rested upon a Saxon basis, 92 the wild king's passion for war and the chase, 88 William's gift of political "visualization," 94 he established a principle (_unity_); he "created a nation"; he founded a line of Anglo-Norman Princes.--Shakespeare's dramatic characterization of the _Anglo-Norman Kings_.--The significance of his work, 94, 95

WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR and Waltheof.--A judicial murder by a Norman king.--A secret assassination by a Saxon Earl, 61

"WOLF LARSEN." Character depicted by Jack London, 32 a physical counterpart in "Bull" Nelson, 32

WOLSELEY, Lord. "The Americans a race of English-speaking Frenchmen," 63

WYON. Anglo-Norman Englishman of Norman origin.--Engraver to the Queen.--Engraved seal of the Confederacy, 48

"YORKSHIRE" blood in Kentucky. Transmitted traits, 44 George P. Marsh quoted, 45 peculiarities of dialect, 44

"YORKSHIRE," Imported. Gift from Commodore Morgan to Henry Clay, 44

_Zen Mays_ and _Poa Pratensis_, 49

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Transcriber's Notes

Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.