Part 12
_Buzzard._ Hugo and William Buscart, Normandy, 1198. Henry Boscard, Salop, 1199.
_Byars_, Byers, De Biars. (Lower.) In Kentucky, a familiar name. The Byars family of Mason was connected with the famous Johnston family.
_Byles._ Armorially identified with Boyle. A distinguished judge bore the name.
_Byng_, from Binge, Gerault, Normandy. Reginald Binge was one of the gentry of Essex, 1433. No one is likely to forget the Byng, who was shot _pour encourager les autres_.
_Byron_, or De Beuron, near Nantes, Normandy. Sir Richard Byron married, temp. Henry IV, the daughter and heiress of Colwick of Notts; and from him descended Lord Byron, the poet.
_Cabban_, or Cadban, from Cabanne or Chabannes in Perigord. Bartholomew Caban of Berkes, living 1322.
_Cabbell._ Walter Cabel is on record as having witnessed a charter in Wiltshire, in the Eleventh Century. This Walter Cabel came over with the Conqueror. The Normans used the word _caballus_, instead of _equus_, for horse. It was so used in Domesday Book, and it seems certain, says Doctor Brown, that the family derived its surname from that word. Hence, also, _caballero_. Doctor Brown gives at least forty-six different ways of spelling the name. Geoffrey Cabell owned land in Caux, Normandy, in 1180. The Cabells of Virginia are descended from the Cabells of France, in Somersetshire. In 1726 we find Doctor William Cabell in St. James Parish, Henrico, then deputy sheriff to Captain John Redford, High Sheriff of Henrico (Shire-Reeve), officially the first man in the county.
In June, 1785, "Polly" Cabel was married to John Breckinridge.
The records show that Mary H. Cabell and John Breckinridge had issue: (1) Letitia Preston. (2) Joseph Cabell. (3) Mary H. (died in infancy). (4) Robert H. (5) Mary Ann. (6) John. (7) Robert Jefferson. (8) William Lewis.
The political and social history of these families and their annexions are quite familiar to the people of Kentucky and the South.
_Cadd_, or Cade. Arnulf Cades, Normandy, 1184. Eustace Cade, Lincolnshire, 1189.
_Caffin._ A form of Caufyn, or Calvin. Cavin, or Calvin, occurs in Normandy, 1180.
_Cain_, from Cahaignes, Normandy.
_Cain._ Sometimes of Hiberno-Celtic origin; generally, however, of Caen, or De Cadomo, Devonshire, 1083.
_Caines_, from the lordship of Cahaignes.
_Caldecote._ A Norman family bearing an English surname.
_Cale._ A form of Kael. A Breton name. Vide Call.
_Calf._ An English form of the Norman name Calxus, or Le Chauve. William Calf, Ireland, 1322.
_Call_, or De Kael, from Bretagne or Poiton. Walter Cael, envoy to England, Thirteenth Century.
_Callis._ Callass, Cales, the usual forms of Calais in Sixteenth Century.
_Calver._ An abbreviation of Calvert.
_Calvert_, from Calbert, or Cauburt, near Abbeville. The "b" being changed into "v," as usual, 1318. Henry Calverd was Member of Parliament for York. The Calverts of Maryland (Lords Baltimore). A familiar name in Kentucky. Formerly (in mid-century days and earlier) pronounced Colbert; now, we only hear Calvert.
_Cambray_, from the Lordship of Chambrai, Normandy. Sire de Cambrai was at the Battle of Hastings, De Chambrai, Leicestershire, 1086. Corrupted to Chambreys, or Chambreis.
_Camel_, from Campelles, or Campell, in Normandy. Geoffry Campelles, Normandy, Twelfth Century.
_Cameron._ Scoto-Celtic. But there is one English family of the name derived from Champroud, near Coutances. Ausger de Cambrun, Essex, 1157. Robert Cambron and John de Cambron, Scotland, 1200 and 1234. Cambronne, of the Guard, of fragrant memory.
_Camfield_, or Camfyled, a corruption of Camville, from Camville, near Coutances.
_Camidge._
_Camp_, from Campe, or Campes, Normandy. John de Campes, England, 1199.
_Campbell._ Vide Beauchamp. Norman-French, de Camville (de Campo-Bello), vide British Surnames, Barber (London, 1903). As early as 1812, Doctor John Poage Campbell, of Kentucky, in a series of "Letters to a Gentleman at the Bar" (Colonel Joseph Hamilton Daveiss), gave a striking illustration of the high quality of his scholarship in his anticipation of Sir Benjamin Brodie and Professor Tyndall of our day in the detection of the germinal ideas from which the Darwinian theory of evolution is derived (vide Green's Historic Families). An interesting illustration of the intellectual life of the pioneer period in Kentucky.
_Campion._ William Campion, Normandy, 1184. Geoffry Campion, England, 1194. "Campian," American Colonel (Lothair).
_Campton._
_Candy_, from Cande, near Blois. Nicholas Candy, Normandy, 1195.
_Cane_, for Caen. (Vide Cain.) Cany. Richard Cane, Normandy 1180. Walter Cane, England, 1272.
_Canfell_, for Camville.
_Cann_, from Cane, Normandy. Geoffry de Can, Normandy, 1195. Richard de Canne, England, 1272. (Cone, from _bosne_: loc n. France.) In Kentucky, _Conn_.
_Cannel_, from Chanel, now Chenean, near Lille.
_Cannon._ Radulfus Canonicus, or Le Chanoin, of Normandy. Robert Canonicus, England, 1189.
_Cant._
_Cant_, for Gant.
_Cantis_, for Candish, or Cavendish. A Norman baronial family.
_Cantor_ (translated Singer). Gauridus Cantor, Normandy, 1180. Christian le Chaunter, England, 1272.
_Cantrell._ William and Roger Cantarel of Normandy, 1188. Alberid Chanterhill, England, 1199. Richard Chaunterel, 1272. Kentucky, U. S. A., Cantrill, 1906. Judge Cantrill, Court of Appeals, Kentucky.
_Cantwell._ Cantelo. Chanteloup.
_Cape_, or Capes, from Cappes. Vide Cope.
_Capel._ A Breton family from La Chapelle, Nantes. Rainald de Capella, Essex, 1066. (Domesday.) William de C., Suffolk, from whom the Lords Capel, Earls of Essex. Capel, from La Chapelle, near Alençon. Seated in the West of England. Capell, for Capel. Monsignore Capel figures vividly in Lothair,
_Capern_, for Capron. Richard Cepron, Normandy, 1180. Robert Capron, England, 1194. Mrs. Laura Lee Capron, of Baltimore, Md., was a daughter of Richard Henry Lee, of Kentucky.
_Caplin_, Capelen, or Chaplain. William Capellanus, Normandy, 1180. Richard C., England, 1190. John Chaplyn, Lincoln, 1443.
_Capun._ Vide Capern.
_Carabine_, for Corbin. Robert Corbin, Normandy, 1180. Geoffry Corbin, England, 1194. Walter Corbin, England, 1127.
_Carbonell_, Normandy, 1180. Carbonel, Hereford, 1086. The family long flourished in Hereford, Bucks, and Oxford.
_Carden._ An English local name. Also a form of Cordon, Cordun: Normandy, 1180; Essex, 1086.
_Cardwell_, for Cardeville, or Cardunville, from Cardunville, near Caen.
_Cares_, from Chars, Normandy.
_Carew._ A branch of Fitzgerald. Cary, Carey.
_Carle_, for Carel, or Carrell.
_Carles._ Vide Carless, or Charles, from St. Karles de Percy, in the Cotentin. Charles family, in Thirteenth Century, seated in many parts of England. Carlish, for Carless.
_Carne._ Geoffry le Caron, Normandy, 1180. Wischard de Charun, England, 1272.
_Carnell_, from Carnelles, near Evreux. Geoffry de Carneilles, Normandy, 1180. Armorially identified with Charnell. In England, usually styled Charnel or Charnels. Carneal, a distinguished name in Kentucky; Thomas D. Carneal, one of the founders of Covington, in that State.
_Carpenter._ Bernard Carpentarius, Normandy, 1180. William Carpentarius, father of Henry Biset, baron, temp. Henry II.
_Carr_, or Kerr, q. v.
_Carrell_, or Caril, from Caril, near Ligieux. James II, after the loss of his throne, created a Baron Caryl.
_Carrey_, for Carey.
_Carrington_, for Carenton; from Carenton, in the Cotentin. Robert de Carenton granted the mill of Stratton, Wilts, to Farley Abbey, 1125.
_Carritt_, or Caret, for Garet.
_Carrol._ In England, a form of Carrell. In Ireland it is Celtic.
_Carson._ Probably from Corson, Normandy. Carcun, Thirteenth Century, Suffolk.
_Carter._ William Cartier of Normandy, 1195; 1203, William of Warwick. Thirteenth Century Ralph C. Worcester. Colonel Carter, of Cartersville, Va.
_Carterfield_, or Quaterville, Normandy, 1205.
_Cartwright._ Armorially identified with Cateryke, or Catherick. A branch was seated in Notts; another in Cambridge, and the name there changed from Cateryke to Cartwright. Of the former branch was the celebrated reformer, and of the latter, Thomas Cartwright, the great Puritan leader, under Elizabeth. Peter Cartwright, an able revivalist, was equally famous in the States of the Southwest.
_Carvell._ Ranulph de Carville, 1180; Robert Carvel, 1195, Normandy. England, 1199. Richard de Carville. The English derivation of this patronymic has given a name to a popular American novel.
_Cary_, or Pipart. Waldin Pipart held Kari, 1086. (Domesday.) William Pipart held Kari, whence the name of De Kari, or Cary. Hence, the Earls of Monmouth and Viscounts Falkland.
_Case_, for Chace. Armorially related to Chancy, or Canci. Vide Chace.
_Casey_, or Cassy. When English, it is a branch of Canci, with which it bears armorial relations. Robert de Canecio, 1180, Normandy; Geoffry de Chancy, England, 1194. Chace, Chase, or Chousey, armorially identified to Casey. In various forms appears in all parts of England; also, Hiberno-Celtic.
_Cash_, for Cass.
_Cass._ A form of Case, or Chace.
_Cassell_, from Cassel, Flanders. Hugo de Cassel, London and Middlesex, 1130. Vide Cecil.
_Casson_, for Gasson.
_Castang_, for Casteyn.
_Castell._ William Castel, Normandy, 1198. Alexander de Castro, Castel, England, 1199.
_Castleman._ The castellan of a castle. Ancient name; distinguished in Kentucky.
_Castro_, for Castell. Casto?
_Cate_, or Catt. William Catus, Normandy, 1180. Rudulphus Cattus, 1189. Alexander le Kat, England, 1272.
_Catherick._ Vide Cartwright.
_Catlin_, Catline, Castelline, from Castellan, bearing three castles (armorial). De Casleltan, Normandy, 1180. Sire Reginald de Casleltan, England, 1272. An eminent Chief Justice of England bore the name of Cattine. Catling, for Catlin; also, Catlyn, Catlin, a famous American painter--an illustrator of our aboriginal life.
_Cato_, from Catot, or Escatol, in Normandy. Hugh de Escatol, Salop, 1189.
_Caton._ Katune, Normandy, 1198. England, De Catton.
_Cattel_, or Chatel. Foreign origin--Du Chastel, or De Castello.
_Cattermole_, from Quatremealles or De Quatuor Molis (locality not ascertained); also, Cattermoul, Cattermull.
_Cattle_, for Cattel.
_Cattlin_, for Catlin.
_Catton._ Vide Caton.
_Caudel_, for Caudle. Roger Caldel, or Caudel, Normandy, 1180. Anistina and William Caudel (Mr. and Mrs. Caudle?), Cambridgeshire, 1272.
_Caulcott._ Vide Calcott.
_Caulfield_, Calvil, Calfhill, or Caville. Vide Cavell. Seated in Normandy, 1180. In England, Gilbert de Calvel, Northumberland, and Richard, of Kent, 1202. Sir Toby Caulfield, a renowned commander in Ireland, descended from Bishop of Worcester, temp. Elizabeth. Hence, collaterally, Earls of Charlemont.
_Cave._ John Cave, Adelina de Cava, Normandy, 1180. Sire Alexander de Cave, commissioner of array and justiciary. Name of Norman origin. From Cave, in Yorkshire.
_Cavendish._ The Gernons were a branch of the Barons of Montfichet (or Montfiquet, or Montfiket), in Normandy; so named after their Scandinavian ancestor. The Montfichets were hereditary standard-bearers, or military chiefs of London. The younger branches retained the name of Gernon. Alured Gernon, brother of William de Montfichet, had estates in Essex and Middlesex, 1130. Geoffry Gernon, of this line, was surnamed De Cavendish, from his residence at Cavendish, Suffolk, 1302. He was grandfather of Sir John Cavendish, Chief Justice to Richard II. Cavendish and Gernon bear indiscriminately the same arms. The Dukes of Newcastle, Devonshire and other great families bearing the name of Cavendish (pronounced Candish), descended from the Gernons and Montfichet. The genealogists differ on these points, but the old heralds seem to agree.
_Caville_, or Cavill, identified by its arms (a calf) with Calvel, or Cauvel. Robert Cauvel, Normandy, 1198. William Cavell of Oxfordshire, 1292.
_Cawdery_, or Coudray, Cawdray. A branch of the Beaumonts, Viscounts of Maine. (Vide Beaumont.)
_Cawley_, for Colley.
_Cawse_, Calz, or Caux, from Caux, near Abbeville. Hence the English surname, Cox or Coxe.
_Cayley_, from Cailly, near Rouen.
_Cecil_, Cicelle, or Seyssel, from Kessel, or Cassel, east of Bruges, Flanders. Its arms (escutcheon charged with the lion rampant of Flanders) are still borne in Flanders by a family of the same name. Walter de Alterens, descended from Robert Fitz-Hamon, living 1165, is derived the noble house of Cecil. The great English statesman, Lord Burleigh (William Cecil) was of this family.
_Ceeley_, or Seily, from Silly, Normandy.
_Chabot_, or Cabot. Robert Kabot, 1198. Roger Cabot, of England, 1272.
_Chace_, Chase, or Chausey. Armorially identified, also, with Chancy or De Canci. The name appears in all parts of England as Chancey, Chancy, etc.
_Chad_, for Cadd.
_Chaff_, from Chause. Vide Cafe.
_Chaffer_, Chaffen, from Chevricres, Normandy, 1195.
_Chaffey_, or Chaffy, a form of Chafe, or Chaff.
_Chaffin_, for Caffin. (Lower.)
_Chalie_, for Cayley.
_Challands_, for Chalas. Vide Challen.
_Challen._ A branch of the Counts of Chalons.
_Challenger_, or Challenge, from Chalenge, Normandy.
_Challoner._ Probably from Chalons.
_Chamberlain_, Robert, Herbert, William Henry Camerarius, or Le Chamberlain, Normandy, 1180-98. England, 1194-1200. Henry, Hugh, Ralph, Robert, Thomas, Walter, Richard Turbert Camerarius. The principal family of these was descended from the Barons of Tancarville, Chamberlains of Normandy; also, Chamberlaine, Chamberlin, Chamberlayne.
_Chambers_, or De Camera. William de Camera, England, 1189, Oxford, Essex, Sussex. The family appear early in York, Wilts and Norfolk. Chambre, or Camera, was in Brabant, the family seeming to have come thence at the Conquest. Governor John Chambers, of Kentucky, was one of the aides of General Harrison at the battle of the Thames;--was appointed Territorial Governor of Iowa by President Harrison.
_Champ._ Vide Camp.
_Champin_, for Campion, or Campian.
_Champney_, from De Champigne, Normandy.
_Chancellor_, Canceller, Chanslor. Chancillor, a Norman name. Ranulph Cancellarius.
_Chaney_, for Cheyney.
_Channell._ Armorially identified with Charnell. An eminent judge bore this name.
_Channon._ Vide Cannon.
_Chant._
_Chantry_, from Chaintre, near Macon.
_Chappel._ Vide Capel.
_Chappius._ Calvus, Normandy, 1195. England, Cabous, 1311.
_Charge_, from Gaurges, in the Cotentin.
_Charles._ Vide Carless.
_Charnell_, for Carnell.
_Charniter._
_Charter_, for Chartres.
_Charteris._ The Scottish form of Chartres.
_Chartres._ Ralph Carnotensis (De Chartres) held estates in Leicester, 1086. Ébrard de Carnot, 1148, Winchester.
_Chase._ Vide Chace.
_Chattell._ Vide Cattell.
_Chatwin_, for Chetwynd.
_Chaucer._ Geoffrey Chaucer, the poet, married a daughter of Sir Paine Roet, sister of John of Gaunt's wife, and was valectus, or esquire, to Edward III. The family of Chaucer, Chaucier, Chaucers, or Chaseor, had been seated in the eastern counties, and some members were in trade in London. The name, Le Chaucier (Calcearius) may have arisen from some sergeantry connected with the tenure of land. Probably a branch of the family of Malesoures.
_Cheek._ William Cecus occurs in Normandy, 1198; and in Gloucester, 1189. Walter Chike of England, 1272.
_Cheiley_, or Ceiley, a form of Cilly. Vide Ceely.
_Cheney._ Vide Cheyney.
_Chenoweth._ The history of this name is of peculiar interest. John Trevelesick, according to an old London record, married Elizabeth Terrel. Their son, John, received from his father a tract of land upon which he built a house, and called the place "Chenoweth," doubtless from an oak grove or woods upon the land. The initial syllable of the name is not uncommon in the genealogical nomenclature of Normandy; and Cornwall is notably a land of Norman castles and druidical groves of oak. The Trevelesick family, as was a custom of the period, took the name of the _place_, and was henceforth known as "Chenoweth." This change may have been partly induced by the circumstances that there was a law which required the people to take names that were "easy" to the English. There seems to have been an early etymological connection between the familiar Virginian names "Chenoweth" and "Chinn." Vide Chinn, Cheyne, Chêne, Chenoie, and the Scandinavian suffix _with_. In a list of names from Domesday Book we note the following: Cheneuvard, Chenuard, Cheuvin, Chenut. The Chenoweths of Kentucky are from Berkeley County, Virginia, the progenitor of the family being a "fighting pioneer."
_Cherey._ (1) De Ceresio. The early form, Cerisy. (2) Also from Cheeri, William Cheeri of Normandy, 1180.
_Chesney_, from Quesnay, near Coutances; De Chesnete in England.
_Chevalier_ (_i. e._ Miles), Normandy, 1180. Reginald Miles, England, 1272.
_Chew._ William de Cayu, Normandy, 1180. Walter C. Kew, England.
_Cheyne._ Cheyney, Chinn, from Quesnay, near Coutances. Robert de Chesneto, Bishop of Lincoln, 1147. The Lords Cheyny were of this stock. Chinn is an old family name in Kentucky, and seems to be genealogically connected with the Chenoweth gens. (Vide Chenoweth.) The progenitor of the Chinn family in England and America was one Thomas de Cheyne, of Norman-French descent. Rawleigh Chinn, gent., married Esther Ball, a connection of the Washington family, and came to America about 1713 and settled in Lancaster County, Virginia. (See the "Register" for 1907, page 63.)
_Chick_, or Chike, a form of Cheak (Robson). A prominent Kentucky family (Boyle).
_Child_, the English form of Enfant. William and Roger le Enfant, Normandy, 1180. William and John Child, England, 1180.
_Childers._ A corruption of Challen or Challers. Vide Smithson.
_Chinn._ Vide Cheyney, Cheyne.
_Chitty._ In 1272 was Cette. Roger Cette, Norfolk.
_Chivers_, or Cheevers, from La Chievre, or Capra, Normandy.
_Choicy_, a form of Chausy.
_Chollett._ Collett.
_Cholmelsey_, or Cholmondely. William de Belwar, or Belvar, or Belvoir, married Mabilia, a daughter of Robert Fitzhugh. From this William de Belwar descended the House of Cholmondely.
_Christian._ Thomas and William Christianus, Normandy, 1180. Walter Christianus, England, 1199. Crestien, Cristian, Crestin, England, 1272.
_Christmas._ A translation of the Norman-French Noël.
_Chucks_, a form of Chokes, or Chioches, from Choquet, Flanders.
_Church._ Vide Search.
_Churchill_, or De Courcelle. The Churchills of Dorset, ancestors of the great Duke of Marlborough, are traceable by the ordinary heralds' pedigrees to the reign of Henry VII. The family of Wallace (Walensis) was a branch of the Corcelles. From this family came the Great Duke. One of the later Dukes of Marlborough published a charming account of his visit to Kentucky, just after the war. He was entertained at "Ashland" by Major Henry C. McDowell.
_Clare._ Two families. (1) De Clare of Browne. (2) The Norman House of De Clere.
_Claret._ Walter Clarté, Normandy, 1180. John Clarrot, England, 1272.
_Clark._ George Rogers Clark.
_Clay_, from Claye, near Méaux. The name is borne by the Baronets Clay. The Clays of Bourbon and the Clays of Fayette, says General Cassius M. Clay, are descended from the same remote ancestor.
_Cliff_, or Clift, Clive.
_Cochrane_, Cochran. The family were resident in County Renfrew (says Lower) for many centuries. Vide Peerage, Earl of Dundonal. Renfrew has strong associations with John Knox, and according to Doctor MacIntosh, the vigorous race he represented had a strong infusion of Norman or Scandinavian blood. A recent legal decision connects the name of Cochrane with one of the most important cases ever brought before a Kentucky judge.
_Cockerell._
_Collins._
_Collins._ William de Colince or Colimes held lands at Chadlington near Oxford. Coulimes was near Alençon. Hugh de Coulimes, 1165, held a barony of four fees.
(1) The Collins family or families of Kentucky have been notably distinguished. General Richard H. Collins was a lawyer of great ability. His sons, also lawyers, were brilliant and cultivated men. John A. Collins was a member of the Cincinnati bar, and a partner of Senator Pugh. Charles and William were writers of ability and distinction. Richard was a gallant Confederate soldier and the artillerist of Shelby's command. Their father welcomed John Quincy Adams to Kentucky when he made his famous speech in vindication of Mr. Clay.
(2) Judge Lewis Collins was a native of Kentucky and derived from pure Virginian stock. He was a man of the highest character. His history of Kentucky, a valuable work, was officially recognized by the Legislature of the State. His son, Doctor Richard H. Collins, a man of marked and varied ability, continued his father's historic labors; revised the volume first published, added another volume, and increased the quantity of matter fourfold. No one has bestowed higher commendation upon this work than Professor Shaler, himself an historian of the State.
_Combs._
_Cooke._
_Corbett._
_Corbin._
_Corker._ De Corcres, Normandy, 1180-95.
_Costello_, from Mac Ostello, descendants of Hostilio de Angelo, settled in Ireland, temp. Henry. In this instance the new settler took the prefix _Mac_, not an uncommon occurrence in those days. The native "Macs" and "O's" of Ireland were never at peace, and the Galwagians repudiated both. When the Normans came they gave the Celts "_Fitz_," and characteristically enough the Celts, who were dissatisfied with "O" and "Mac," have been having "Fitz" ever since. Lower says that English settlers sometimes assume the prefix "Mac," apparently from a desire of assimilation to the Celtic race. In Ireland "O" was held in higher esteem than "Mac" In Scotland, it was just the reverse.
_Courtenay._
_Cowan._
_Cox_, or Coxe; Cocks, Le Coq; Coke; Cocus; also, De Caux.
_Creasy._
_Cripps._ Armorially identified with Crisp.
_Crittenden._ A fine old name from Kent. The Crittendens of Kentucky have nobly illustrated the name. The founder of the family, John Crittenden, was an officer in the Revolutionary War. He came to Kentucky at the close of that struggle, and settled in Woodford, the heart of this State. His sons, John, Thomas, and Robert, were eminent at the bar, and Henry, who devoted his life to agriculture, was equally conspicuous for talent. John J. Crittenden received his elementary education at the local schools; afterwards attended Washington Academy (now Washington-Lee University), and completed his studies at William and Mary. The effect of his classical training is shown in the clearness, finish, and felicity of his published speeches; his peculiar power in forensic oratory must always be a matter of tradition.
The name "Crittenden" is imperishably associated with that of Kentucky. It is peculiarly a family of soldiers, lawyers, and political leaders. One soldier of the name was immortalized by his tragic fate--William Crittenden, the proto-martyr of _Cuba Libre_.
The history of the family is the history of the State.
_Crockett._
_Crook_, or Crooke.
_Crozier._
_Cummings_, or Cumming.
_Cunditt._
_Currier._ Richard Coriarius, Normandy, 1180, from Angerville, in the Cotentin.
_Curtis._
_Cuss._ A form of Cust. One may be a "Cuss" in Kentucky; but quite as often he is "Cust."
_Dade._
_Dailey._
_Dangerfield_, or D'Angerville.
_Daniel._
_D'Arcy._
_Darrell._
_Davie._
_Davies._