xviii. 1, 1; ἡγησόμενος Ἰουδαίων τῇ ἐπὶ πᾶσιν ἐξουσίᾳ) and their whole

demeanour show that they did not belong to those who, placed under an imperial legate, attended only to financial affairs, but rather, like the procurators of Noricum and Raetia, formed the supreme authority for the administration of law and the command of the army. Thus the legates of Syria had there only the position which those of Pannonia had in Noricum and the upper German legate in Raetia. This corresponds also to the general development of matters; all the larger kingdoms were on their annexation not attached to the neighbouring large governorships, whose plenitude of power it was not the tendency of this epoch to enlarge, but were made into independent governorships, mostly at first equestrian.

[169] According to Josephus (_Arch._ xx. 8, 7, more exact than _Bell. Jud._ ii. 13, 7) the greatest part of the Roman troops in Palestine consisted of Caesareans and Sebastenes. The _ala Sebastenorum_ fought in the Jewish war under Vespasian (Josephus, _Bell. Jud._ ii. 12, 5). Comp. _Eph. epigr._ v. 194. There are no _alae_ and _cohortes Iudaeorum_.

[170] The revenues of Herod amounted, according to Josephus, _Arch._