Part 30

Rights, paid to Mark and the two Guilliams against Easter for to take their, 121.

Upon this item the Editor is unable to throw any light. If it means a payment of their accustomed gratuity of 20_s._ each, at Easter, it would be intelligible, and it is difficult to explain it in any other way; for that money should be paid to an individual for receiving what was his "Right," seems almost absurd.

Rightwise, Master of St. Paul's school, 106.

The King ordered 13_l._ 9_s._ to be given to this person in January 1531, but for what reason does not appear.

Rings, for finding one of the king's, 20.

Rings and Bolts, for the king's chamber doors during a progress, 251. See BOLTS.

Road, paid for improving a road against the king passed, 177.

Robes, groom of the. See CECIL and PARKER.

----, Yeoman of the, 82, 269, 271, 279, 282. See CECIL and PARKER.

----, Stuff delivered by the keeper, for the Marchioness of Pembroke, 254.

Roche ----, a mercer, 59.

Rochford Lord, 34, 37, 68, 72, 128, 144, 156, 189, 195, _bis_, 209, _ter_, 210, _bis_, 226, 232, 263, _bis_.

George Boleyn Viscount Rochford, the brother of Queen Ann Boleyn. The history of this amiable young nobleman is too well known to require any further notice of him in this place. Almost all these entries shew the high favour in which he was held by Henry, for it is manifest from them that he was the King's constant companion, and was always one of his parties, at shooting matches, bowls, dice, cards, and indeed at every other species of amusement.

Rochford, Lady Mary, 88.

Apparently the sister of Lord Rochford and Queen Ann Boleyn, though it is extraordinary that she should be called Lady Mary _Rochford_. She married first Sir William Carey, by whom she had Henry Lord Hunsdon, and secondly, Sir William Stafford, Knight. The entry relating to her is not a little curious; it appears from it that her sister Anne Boleyn had pawned a jewel to her for the sum of 20_l._ which was redeemed out of the Privy Purse expences by order of the King.

---- Lady Ann, 108, 111, 113, 123, 133, 215.

It seems that all these entries referred to Ann Boleyn, and ought to have been inserted under her name. They are, however, alluded to at the commencement of the volume.

Rods, binding rods for poles paid for, 22.

Rods, [Roods] to the king's bedesman at the, 122. See also RHODS.

Roger, 67.

Rogers ----, 186, 216.

Both these entries are of payments made to him for money won from the King at play.

Rolls, the Master of the, 33.

John Taylor, who was appointed to that office on the 27th June 1526, and held it until 1534.

Rolte John, yeoman of the Leshe, 75, 163, 263.

----, Sergeant, 155, 172, 235.

---- John, 229.

Romayne Henry, a smith, 111.

Romsaye ----, 245.

Roots brought, 4, 8, 96, 169.

Roses brought, 148.

Rosewater brought, 63, 181, 257.

Rother, [_i. e._ Rudder] for a new, 96.

Rotherham Master, 71.

Rounds, for making of, 107, 145.

A kind of Target at which arrows were shot, both for practice and amusement. Cavendish says, that when he was sent for by Henry to Hampton Court, after the death of Cardinal Wolsey, "I found him shooting _at the rounds_ in the park on the backside of the garden, and perceiving him occupied in shooting, thought it not my duty to trouble him, but leaned to a tree intending to stand there, and to attend his gracious pleasure. Being in a great study, at the last the King came suddenly behind me where I stood, and clapped his hand upon my shoulder, and when I perceived him, I fell upon my knee. To whom he said calling me by name, 'I will,' quoth he, 'make an end of my game, and then I will talk with you,' and so departed to his mark, whereat the game was ended. Then the king delivered his bow unto the yeoman of his bows and went his way inward to the palace." _Ed. Singer_, 1815, vol. i. p. 328.

----, money won at the, 134.

Rowed, to the men that rowed the king, 127, _bis_.

Rowland ----, a keeper of Waltham Forest, 72.

Rowme, to Rutter, for his fee due for his rowme in Windsor Forest, 286.

Rowme appears to have been a common expression for "place," or "situation," thus in Lodge's _Illustrations_, in a letter dated 28th April, 1516, "The Master of the Rolles is departed, and Doctor Tunstalle hath his _rowme_, as the saying is." Vol. i. p. 9. The fee in question was due to him by virtue of office, which was that of keeper of Windsor Forest.

Running the King's geldings, 18, 29.

---- boys, 54,

Boys who rode the king's racing horses.

Rushes, to burn with salad oil, 12.

Russell, Sir John, 18, 85, 118, 241.

Ancestor of the Dukes of Bedford, and founder of the honors of that illustrious family. He was created Baron Russell of Cheymes, on the 9th March 1538, was a Knight of the Garter, Lord Admiral, and Lord Privy Seal, and in 1549, was raised to the Earldom of Bedford.

Russell Lady, 107, 245.

Wife of Sir John Russell just mentioned. She was the daughter and co-heiress of Sir Guy Sapcotes, Knight, and widow of Sir John Broughton, of Teddington, in the county of Bedford.

Rutter William, one of the keepers of Windsor Forest, 40, 180, 286.

----, 227.

Rydley Robert, a taylor, 5, 60.

---- page of the king's chamber, 23.

Rye and Hastings, for a plat of, 91. See PLAT.

Rye was at that time a sea-port of some importance, and maintained several ships of war. In Lodge's _Illustrations_, vol. i. p. 63, is a letter from the Privy Council, dated in 1544, in which the following passage occurs: "The town of Rye hath all this year had iij or iiij vessells abrode for the warres, and gayned very moche by it."

Rynning boys. See RUNNING BOYS.

Sabellius Davy, 132.

Sables several tymb' of, brought, 105.

Sacre. See SAKER.

Sackbuts and other musical instruments, for, 86.

----, paid to, 129, 173, _bis_, 174.

----, to the one belonging to the French Queen, 248.

Persons who played on the Sackbut, _i. e._ a brass trumpet.

Saddler, the king's, 68.

Saddles, for, 257.

Sail, for a, 262.

Sakar a, brought, 91.

---- and Sakeretts, paid for, 192.

"A _Saker_ is a passenger or peregrine Hawk, for her eyrie hath not been found by any. She is somewhat larger than the haggard falcon, her plume is rusty and ragged, the sear of her foot and beak like the lanner; her pounces are short; however she has great strength, and is hardy to all kind of fowl."--_Gentleman's Recreation._ A _Sakerett_ was probably a young Saker. Six Sakers and five Sakeretts cost, in 1532, eight crowns a-piece, the sum paid for the eleven being 20_l._ 10_s._ 8_d._

Sakfelde, the groom porter, 120.

Salad Oil, a potell of, 12, _ter_.

---- Herbs brought, 176, 216.

Salisbury Master, 65, 156.

Salmon, a fresh, brought, 31.

Sampson Adam, 105, 110.

Sandes, Sir Richard, 91.

Sandwich, 273, _bis_.

----, Friars of, 273.

Sandys' Lord, park to the keeper of, 151.

Satin Crimson, for, 86, 117.

---- black, for a cloak, 222.

---- Bruges for, 222.

Saumon John, 229.

Sawcy, to the Lieutenant and keepers of the forest of, 241.

Salcey, in Northamptonshire.

Scassebrig Thomas, one of the Pitcher House, 251.

Scawesby ----, 46.

Scholars at Oxford, gratuities to, 8, 157, 243.

---- at Paris, a gratuity to, 119.

----, for the Exhibitions of, 46, 82, 165, 207, 260.

----, for the Exhibitions of, at Paris, 8, 71, 90, 190, 263.

Scholars, to Mr. Ratcliffe, a scholar at Cambridge, 224.

Among the few redeeming traits in Henry the Eighth's character, was a love of learning, to which each of these entries bears additional testimony. Besides occasional gifts to Scholars of Oxford, Cambridge and Paris, and which in three years amounted to 83_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ he also gave exhibitions, the whole expences of which in the same period were 63_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._ He moreover supported two scholars at St. Paul's School, the charges for which were 30_l._ 3_s._; making, if 13_l._ 9_d._ paid to the master of that school in January 1531, be included, a total of 190_l._ 12_s._ spent from November 1529 to December 1532, for the encouragement and advancement of erudition; a trifling sum, it is true, when compared with recent instances of Royal munificence, but important when the value of money, and the manners of the times are considered.

Science, paid to a jeweller to be employed in his, 156.

The use of the word _Science_ in this sense is rather curious.

Scot John, 23, 39, 87, 108, 132, 182, 205, 217, 277, 281.

A Mercer or Taylor.

---- Thomas, 173.

---- Richard, 194.

A gratuity of 20_s._ to him in consideration of his having been robbed.

Scotland, to a gentleman of, 56.

Scottish Ambassadors, money given to the, 250.

---- Gentleman, to the, 9, _bis_.

Scowring the new pale in Greenwich Park, 230.

Scrivan', Peter the, 23.

A Scrivener, who had probably been employed in transcribing; the sum paid to him was considerable, namely, 14_l._ 9_s._ 4_d._

Scrivener of London, to a, 84.

Scullery, to one of the, 252.

Scut John, 6.

Sele, [_i. e._ a Seal] brought, 37, 46.

Seal Great, to a poor woman to purchase out, the, 148.

Apparently a gift of 20_s._ 4_d._ to pay the fee of affixing the great seal to some instrument affecting her interests.

Secretary Master, 26, 77, 144.

Probably the Principal Secretary of State, but it is not certain who filled that office, in 1530 and 1531. Cromwell was not regularly appointed to it until 1534; but it is most likely that he was the person so designated in these accounts.

Sergeant of the Cellar, 64. See CELLAR.

----, Porter, 256.

Apparently Edmund Knyvett, who certainly held that office in August 1519. See _Testamenta Vetusta_, p. 568.

---- Apothecary, 146.

Servants, [_i. e._ Falconers, Huntsmen, &c.] wages and expences of, from January to March 1529, 284 to 289.

Service, to a German that offered his, to the king, 117.

Sets, for those lost by the king at Greenwich, 143.

Sets meant either games or wagers.

Sexton Philip, the fool, 5, 11, _bis_, 13, 17, 21, 24, 25, 31, 34, 38, 45, 61, _bis_, 73, 75, _bis_, 80, _bis_, 86, 120, _bis_, 138, _bis_, 139, 164, 168, 183, 193, 199, 215, 217, 231, 238, 247, 265, 271, 274, 281. See FOOL.

Seymour Sir Edward, 5, 17, 36.

Afterwards the King's brother-in-law, and Duke of Somerset, the celebrated Protector of England. These entries show the familiar manner in which he was treated by Henry as early as 1529. The first item is of a payment to him of 337_l._ upon a reckoning between His Majesty and himself, and the second and third to money lost to him by the King at play. On one occasion Sir Edward won of Henry the large sum of 376_l._ 10_s._

Seymour, Robert, 273.

It has not been ascertained who this individual was. The entry relating to him is a payment of 4_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ which he had won of the King at Tables.

Shafts for, 47, 265.

Shalms, brought to the king, 26.

---- for Tenor and Treble, 86.

A Shalm is explained by Mr. Ayrton, whose professional reputation renders him excellent authority on such a subject, "to be the base Cornet." Ellis's _Original Letters_, Second series, vol. i. p. 273. Bishop Percy informs us that "it was a wind instrument like a pipe, with a swelling protuberance in the middle:"

"Item, my Lord useth and accustometh yearly when his Lordship is at home to gyf to iij of the Kyngs _Shames_ when they come to my Lord yerly x s." _Northumberland Household Book_, p. 341. Cavendish says, when the king of France came, "he danced, and others with him, the most part of that night; my Lord's minstrels played there so excellently all that night, that the _shalme_ (whether it were with extreme labour of blowing, or with poisoning, as some judged, because they were more commended and accepted with the king than his own, I cannot tell,) but he that played upon the _shalme_, an excellent man in that art, died within a day or twain after." Ed. Singer, 1825, vol. i. p. 114. Perhaps the earliest drawing of a Shalm extant, is in the Illustrations to the copy of Froissart, in the British Museum, Royal MS. 18 E. I & II.

Sheathes for knives, of velvet, paid for, 161.

Shepey, paid the watermen for rowing the King to, 262.

----, 265, 266.

Shere Robert, keeper of the beagles, 17, 24, 39, 50, 54, 59, 75, 79, _bis_, 89, 94, 111, 126, 136, 149, 166, 167, 177, 187, 194, 198, 204, 213, 219, 231, 246, 250, 260, 275, 287, 290.

---- John, keeper of the beagles, 125.

Sic in MS. but query, if not a mistake for _Robert Shere_.

Ship, paid for discharging the, that brought Cardinal Wolsey's goods, 112.

----s, paid when the King viewed his, 260.

Henry's attachment to naval affairs has been fully established, and he consequently paid great attention to his ships. A curious list of his Majesty's navy, in 1525, 6, is given by Mr. Ellis, in his _Original Letters_, second Series, v. i. p. 218 et seq. as a note to a very interesting letter on the subject from Sir Edward Howard, Lord High Admiral, in 1513. See also a letter from some ladies to the King from Portsmouth about the year 1540, acquainting the King with the pleasure they derived from inspecting "the Great Harry." _Ibid._ _First Series_, vol. ii. p. 126.

----, the Master Treasurer's, 6.

Evidently the ship belonging to Sir William Fitz-William, afterwards Earl of Southampton, and which by his will dated in September, 1542, he thus bequeathed to the King--"Item, I give to the King's Majesty my _great ship_, with all her tackle, and my collar of the garter, with my best George beset with diamonds."--_Testamenta Vetusta_, p. 707. Individuals frequently owned ships which were employed in the King's service, and which seem to have been considered as a sufficient means of support, for Sir Edward Howard, the Lord Admiral, in his will dated in 1512, says, "Whereas I have two Bastards, I give the King's grace the choice of them, beseeching his Grace to be good Lord to them, and that when he cometh of age he may be his servant; and him that the King's Grace chuseth, I bequeath him my bark, called 'Genett,' with all apparel and artillery, and L _li_ to begin his stock with: the other I bequeath to my special trusty friend, Charles Brandon, praying him to be good master unto him; and for _because he hath no ship_, I bequeath to him C marks to set him forward in the world." _Ibid._ p. 534.

----, Purveyor of the, 179.

Shirts for, 17, 53, 78, 84, _sæpe_, 97, 101, 104, 119, 121, 136, 197, 261, 283.

---- for washing Sexton's, 21, 34, 45.

----, for a bag for the King's, 103.

---- for making eight for the, King, 256.

Shoes for, 30, 31, 34, 53, 119, 123, 136, 139, 183, 219, 259, 263, 264, 283.

Shoemaker, to the, 30, 31, 53, 103, 139, 259, 264, 281.

Shooters, to, 66.

----, paid to two of the, for their livery, 201.

Shooting, for, 67, 72, 76, 85, 135, 144, 145, 156.

----, money lost by the King at, 50, 118, 120, 137, 159, 226, 229, 237, 250.

All these entries refer either to money paid to individuals, as a reward for their dexterity in shooting, or to bets lost by the King at shooting matches.

Shots, paid for seven lost by the King, 118.

Shovelard, [_i. e._ Shoveller] a, brought, 175.

Shovillabourd, Money lost by the king at, 188, 189, 195, _bis_, 209.

Archdeacon Nares explains Shovel-board to be "a common trivial game, which consisted in pushing or shaking pieces of money on a board to reach certain marks. Shovel-board play is graphically described in a poem entitled _Mensa Lubrica_, &c. written both in Latin and English by Thomas Master. The English Poem is cited at large in Bliss's edition of _Anth. Wood_, vol. iii. p. 84. The table had lines or divisions marked with figures, according to the value of which the player counted his game. It is minutely described by Strutt, _Sports and Pastimes_, p. 267, as still in use in pot houses, and played with a smooth halfpenny. The game was also called Shove-groat, Shove-board, and Shuffle-board." _Glossary._

Shrobbe, Hanley and Wakefield, to the ranger and keepers of, 160.

These three places are in Northamptonshire; the latter is now the seat of the Duke of Grafton.

Shrobbes, to the keeper of the, 161, 241.

A walk in Whittlewood Forest.

Sick men, paid for, 77, 145.

---- priest, paid to a, 77.

---- woman, paid to a, 135.

---- people, paid to, whom the King healed, 16, 20, 37, 40, 46, 156, 160, 161, 163, 164, 170, 221, 225, 243, 249, 253, 264, 272, 277.

People supposed to be healed by the King's touch from the disease, thence called the King's Evil. "Andrew Borde, who wrote his _Introduction to Knowledge_, in king's reign, states, that 'the Kinges of England, by the power that God hath gyven to them, doth make sicke men whole of a syckness called the Kynges evyll.' This extract and the entry above are sufficient to prove, were other evidence wanting, that Dr. Percy was much mistaken in supposing that 'this miraculous gift was left to be claimed by the Stuarts." Some curious matter upon this subject is collected in a note by Nichols, _Literary Anecdotes_, 195, II. 504, Reed, Shak. X. 243, and see 195. Amongst the Conway papers (MSS) there is an order for a proclamation, dated 13th May, 1625, to forbid the repair of people to court till Michaelmas following, to be healed of the King's Evil, and that for the future all shall bring certificates from the minister, &c. of the parish, for that many being healed, have disposed of their pieces of gold otherwise than was intended, _and thereby fall into relapse_.' Sir Kenelm Digby informed Mons. Moncenys, that if the person cured lost the piece of gold, the complaint immediately returned. Moncenys' _Travels_, t. ii. p. 20. Fabian Phillips, in his _Treatise on Purveyance_, asserts that the angels issued by the Kings of England on these occasions amounted to a charge of 3000_l._ per annum, p. 25. See Barrington _on the Statutes_, 107, 8. M.--See also HEALED.

Sick, paid the surgeon's bill for Grand Guilliam when he was, 245.

Sickness, money given to a servant during his, 64.

Sidney. See SYDNEY.

Signet, to Godsalve, clerk of the, 106.

Silks brought, 18, 45, 78, 82, 116, 163, 262.

Silver, money in, delivered to Lady Ann Boleyn, 95.

Singers, to the French King's, and those of the Cardinal de Larenno, 268, 269.

"Rewards" given to those persons at the interview between Henry and Francis the First in October, 1532. They had probably sung in the king's presence, for which each party received 4_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._

Sittingbourne, 274, _sæpe_.

Skevington Master, 28, 162.

Skinner, ----, 75, 80, 265, 269, 271, 274, 281.

Sexton the Fool's servant.

----, to the, 44, 183, 261, 269.

Skins brought, 68, 72.

---- of Pawmpelion, 47. See PAWMPELION.

To which it is only necessary to add that they might have been skins brought from Pampeluna, instead of Pampellone.

Skyppe Master, 32.

Skrenes, for stools, forms, and, 120.

Skutt John, 179, 223.

Sleves, paid for two pair of, 31.

Sloppes, paid for a pair of, 274.

Archdeacon Nares says, "Slops or trowsers, now familiarly used for garments of all kinds," _Glossary_; and the authorities there adduced prove the correctness of the definition. The pair bought for the king cost 6_s._ 8_d._ "Sometimes I have seen Tarleton play the clowne, and use no other breeches than such _sloppes_ or slivings as now many gentlemen weare." Wright's _Passions of the Mind_. Ed. 1601.

Smith Robert, 22.

Smythe Thomas, 170, 183, 219, _bis_, 238, 259, 261, 265, 269.

For the following Note relative to this individual, the Editor is indebted to Joseph Gwilt, Esq. F.S.A. a descendant of his family:

"Thomas Smith, whose name so frequently occurs in these accounts, was most probably afterwards of Campden, Co. Gloucester; he had also a grant of the manor of Lyersocle, Co. Heref. jointly with his son-in-law, Hugh Walshe, which was confirmed in the 35th of the same king. That Smythe was a man of considerable importance, may be inferred as well from his matrimonial alliances, as from the inscription on his monument, in which he is described, '_a pueritiâ suâ aulicus_.' In the College of Arms there is a grant to Thomas Smith, by Christopher Barker, dated Boulogne 1544, and afterwards confirmed by Gilbert Dethick, from which it appears that he was at Boulogne in that year; probably attendant on the court there. Elizabeth, the first wife of Thomas Smith, was daughter and coheir of Eustace Fitzherbert, and relict of Edward Smith, of Cresing Temple, Co. Essex, by whom she had two children. By Thomas Smith it is not clear from the pedigrees, which exhibit some discrepances, that she had issue. His second wife was Katharine, daughter of Sir George Throckmorton, of Coughton, relict of Robert Winter, of Hoddington; Co. Wigorn, by whom he had a numerous family. He was Sheriff of Gloucestershire in the years 1571 and 1593 and died 1593. Over the place of his interment near the altar of Campden Church, on the north side, is a canopied monument of the time with his figure in knight's armour of the size of life. On the compartments between the pedestals under the columns are bassi relievi, representing his two wives, seven sons and six daughters. On the western face of the monument, are the arms of Smith, viz. a Fess between three Saltires; and in another escotcheon, the Crest, viz. two Amphibamies indorsant. On the south side are three escotcheons, the westernmost with the arms of Smith. The next towards the altar, Smith impaling Throckmorton; and Olney, Spyne and Bosson, quarterly. The last, Smith's impaling Fitzherbert in the first and fourth, and two other coats quarterly. Against the north wall of the chancel is the following inscription:--'Hic jacet vir verus Christianus Thomas Smith Armiger quondam Manerii di Campden Dominus, a pueritiâ suâ aulicus, qui suo tempore fuit e consiliis Regis Marchiæ Walliæ bisque Vicecomes comitatus Gloucestriæ, ac justiciarius pacis ejusdem comitatus usque ad extremum ætatis, qui habuit duas uxores; primam Elizabetham Filiam et hæredem Eustatii Fitzherbert Armigeri, secundam Katharinam filiam Georgii Throckmorton Militis cum filiis et filiabus ut hic patet qui obit die ... Anno Dom. MDXCIII.'

There is little, doubt that this Thomas Smith was the father of Henry Smith, Esq. an Alderman of London, who is buried at Wandsworth, and whose extensive charitable benefactions in Surrey and elsewhere are universally known. He bore the same arms with a difference, as appears by the funeral certificate, in the College of Arms, Register i. 23. 30, and there are many other circumstances which tend to strengthen such a conjecture."

It appears from the _Book of Quarterly Payments_ from the 29th to the 33rd Henry VIII. in the library of the Royal Society, that Smith was a Page of the Chamber, and received 10_l._ _per annum_ for his wages; and it is manifest from these entries that like Smeton and the two Williamses, he was a peculiar favourite of Henry, for all his apparel was paid for out of the privy purse, and he accompanied the King to Calais in October 1532.

Smith Walter, 242.

----'s to, 111, _bis_, 238.

---- to a, in Deptford, 31.

---- the Master, 233.