Part 28

Knives were worn at a very early period. In the 6 Edw. III. John Lord Grey of Rotherfeild, is stated to have been committed to prison for drawing his knife partly out of its sheath on William Lord Zouch, of Ashby. _Rot. Parl._ vol. ii. p. 656. _Long knives_, or other suspicious arms, were forbidden to be worn in the city of London or Westminster in 1351 during the sitting of Parliaments _Ibid._ p. 235.^{a} In 1363 the _knives_ of trades-people and artificers were prohibited from being adorned with gold or silver, or precious stones. _Ibid_, p 278,^{b} 281,^{b} and in the 3 Edw. IV. _knives_ were forbidden from being imported, _Ibid._ vol. 5, p. 507. Thomas Earl of Warwick, in 1400, speaks of _knives_ for the King's coronation in his will; and Chaucer's allusion to the Sheffield whittle is well known,

"A Shefeld thwitel bare he in his hose."

Among the expenses of Ochin and Martyr, in 1547, before cited, is a payment of 2_s._ 8_d._ for "two payer of _Tunbridge knives_." The knife was placed in the girdle.

Labourers, to, 30, 39, 84, 94, 205.

Lace, yellow, for, 68.

Lampreys, baked, brought, 9, 28, 29, 95, 103, 106, 108, 117, 188, 193, 195.

---- salt, brought, 111.

---- pies brought, 184.

Lamhethe, [Lambeth,] 203.

Launcelot, a child of the stable, 29.

Langille William, the king's fletcher, 125.

Langey John, jeweller, 103.

Langley Park, to the keeper of, 246.

----, 244, 246, _bis_, 248.

----, paid for repairs at, 249.

Lanthony, [in Monmouthshire,] Prior of, 49, 53, 100, 108, 195.

Lanthony Cheses, brought, 220.

Lantrissen in Glamorganshire, 69.

Larder Thomas, 125.

Larenno Cardinal de, 264.

----, money lost to him at dice and tennis, 268, _bis_.

----, to his singers, 269.

The Cardinal of Lorrain. Tennis and dice seem almost as unsuitable to a Cardinal as a band of singers. On the 28th of October, 1532, when Henry ordered 9_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._ to be given to the French king's jester, and 4_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ to the Cardinal's singers, Hall states that the king of Navarre, the Cardinal of Lorrain, and the Great Master and Admiral of France, dined with Henry at Calais; and these payments were evidently made for the amusement which they had afforded the party.

Large John, 90.

Lasala Nowell de, a minstrel, 170.

Last, and a line, for a, 48.

Query, if not a mistake of the writer for mast and a line. See MAST.

Laten, a desk garnished with, 123.

Laten, or Latton, was, Mr. Todd informs us, a mixed kind of metal, made of copper and calamine, said by some to be the old orichalc. The meaning of the word has, however, puzzled our best antiquaries. Mr. Douce says it is always used for brass, whilst Dr. Meyrick thinks it was copper gilt. See some Observations on the subject in a Note to the _Archæologia_, vol. xxi. pp. 261, 2. In the 3 Edw. IV. it was prohibited to import "Harneys for gurdels, of iron, of _laton_, of stele, of tyn, or of alkamyn." _Rot. Parl._ vol. v. p. 507,^{a} whilst in the 3 Hen. IV. Girdlers were prohibited from garnishing girdles with stones or metal "q' de _laton_, baterie, feer, et asser." _Ibid._ vol. iv. p. 73. In the 2 Hen. VI. the Commons complained that people had made "diverse workes of brauderie of unsuffisaunt stuff, and undwely wrought, as well upon velowet, and cloth of gold, as upon all other clothes of silk wrought with gold or silver of Cipre, and gold of Luk, or _Spanyssh laton_." _Ibid._ p. 255.^{a} On the Rolls of the 12 and 13 Edw. IV. we find "Basons _conterfete of Latyn_, and two other basons of _laten_" spoken of. _Ibid._ vol. vi. p. 37. Fabian, by his Will in 1511, ordered that a stone of marble should be laid on his grave, "about the borders whereof I will be fastened a _plate_ of laton, within that plate graven thies words," &c. and Lady Mauley, in 1438, bequeathed xx marks "for a marble stone with her portraiture thereon in copper or _latten_ gilt." In the agreement for the tomb of the Earl of Warwick in the 28 Hen. VI. it is covenanted that certain parts shall be made of the _finest latten_, and to be gilded, and which latten was to cost x_d._ per pound.--Dugdale's _Warwick_. It was used for crosses, candlesticks, plates for tombs, effigies, basons, &c. _Testamenta Vetusta_, pp. 148, 235, 261, 268, 510, 511, 610, 713. From these extracts it is almost certain that Latten, or Laton, was neither iron, steel, tin, alkamain, or _baterie_, but the conjectures of Dr. Meyrick, Mr. Douce, and Mr. Todd, remain uncontradicted. The metal itself still exists on the tomb of the Earl of Warwick just mentioned, hence there are means of settling the question.

Latimer Master, his expences in coming from and returning to Cambridge, 73.

----, for preaching before the king, 30.

These entries are of much interest. The first has been before noticed under CAMBRIDGE, and it is only requisite, in illustration of the latter, to observe, that it is evident this distinguished martyr preached before Henry on the second Sunday in Lent, namely the 13th March, 1530, and was rewarded with 5_l._ a sufficient proof that the king was pleased with his doctrines. "His crosier is still preserved in St. John's College, Oxford."--M.

Latronel, a jeweller, 270.

Lanners, [i.e. Laneretts,] brought, 51, 58, 141, _bis_, 149, 221, 224, 232, 236.

----, paid to persons for taking up, 51, 200.

----, for meat of a, 30.

----, for keeping a, called "Cutte," 288.

Launder, that washes the children of the privy chamber, 75, 112.

A Laundress.

----, to the, 165, 234.

Some curious particulars relative to the King's Laundress occur in the _Ordinances of the Household_ in the 17 Hen. VIII. p. 215, who was, it appears, then called Ann Harris. Her wages were originally 10_l._ per annum, but she obtained an addition of 6_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ more on one occasion, and on another, 66_s._ so that she ultimately was paid 20_l._ per annum. She was bound to provide "as much sweet powder, sweet herbes, and other sweet thinges as shall be necessary to be occupied for the sweet keeping" of the articles entrusted to her; and it was expressly stated that she was to find wood and soap and every thing else out of her wages. Two "standard chests" were, however, delivered to her, "the one to keep the cleane stuff, and the other to keep the stuff that hath been occupied."

Lawson Sir George, 14, 104, 282.

Layton Doctor, 63, 89, 105.

Probably Richard Layton, who became Dean of York in January, 1539, and died in 1544. His journey to Oxford in January, 1531, doubtlessly related to the king's divorce.

Lee Lawrence, keeper of the Hounds, 81, 92, 95, 99, 106, 112, 115, 125, 126, 134, 137, 139.

---- Robert A, yeoman of the Wafery, 52, 72, 73, 139, 177, 214, 218, 257.

----, [or Leigh,] Sir Robert A, 70, 80, 154, 237, 242.

Leman, Baptist, Jeweller, 185.

Lemons brought, 71, 92, 109, 110, 141, 152, 181, 193.

Lengar John, jeweller, 51.

Leonard Lord, 241.

Apparently Lord Leonard Grey, younger brother of Henry Duke of Suffolk.

Lesenture Marens, 57.

Leshe, yeoman of the, 75.

----, paid for fees for the, 163, 262.

---- of lanneretts, a, brought, 221, 224.

Letters brought to the king, 26, 28, 235.

----, two packets of, paid for bringing from Venice, 92.

Letter, one, brought in a purse by a monk, 239.

This is a curious entry, and may be explained by considering that it was deemed the most respectful, and perhaps the safest, manner of conveying a letter.

Lettuze, [Lettuce,] brought, 58, 169, 218, 220, 256.

Lewers of crimson velvet, 159.

Hawk's lewers; they appear to have cost 14_s._ each.

Lewkenor Master, 26.

Lewte, see LUTE.

Lewys William, 37, 110.

Library at Greenwich, 87.

"The highest Library" at Greenwich contained, according to the inventory in the Harleian MS. 1419, A. f. 62, three hundred and twenty-nine volumes.

Lile Stephen, 273.

Lincoln, lord of, 26, 28, 67.

John Longland, Bishop of Lincoln. He was appointed to that See on the 20th May, 1520, and died 7th May, 1547.

Line, and a Last for a, 47, 55, 59. See MAST.

Linnen for Lady Anne Boleyn, for, 72.

---- Cloth, for, 97.

---- bags, for, 103.

Linnet, a, brought, 144.

Linzano Hannibal, 118.

Lion a, brought, 193.

---- of Sittingbourne, paid to the wife of the, 274.

The woman who kept the inn with the sign of the Lion at Sittingbourne, at which Henry seems to have stopped on the 19th Nov. 1532, on his return to Greenwich from Calais.

Lisle Lord, 112, 166, 271.

It is very difficult to say who was the personage to whom this title is here attributed, but most probably Arthur Plantagenet, natural son of King Edward IV. though the patent creating him Viscount Lisle was not dated until the 26th April, 1533.

Liveries, badges on, 16.

----, for, 8, 12, 15, 30, 31, 38, 39, 41, _bis_, 49, 53, 70, 71, 81, 101, 115, _sæpe_, 120, 179, 187, 201, 203, 205, 208, 209, 214, 217, 226.

Lock William, mercer of London, 14, 45, 74, 78, 87, 128, 144, 163, _bis_, 261, 276, 282.

Locks, paid for, 111.

----, paid the smith that carries the locks about with the king, 238, 244, 281.

Like bolts, locks seem to have been carried for the king's chamber door by the smith of the household wherever His Majesty went.

Lodge in Greenwich Park, the, 194.

London, water-bailiff of, 37.

----, freedom of, money given to obtain the, 219.

----, Mayor of, 48,

Sir Ralph Dormer, Knt., 226,

Sir Nicholas Lambard.

---- Thomas, 38, 287.

Longe, Master, 9, 162, 163, 275, 279.

Sir Richard Long, Knt. An account of him will be found in Mr. Gage's _History and Antiquities of Hengrave_, p. 119, from which it appears that he was a Gentleman of the Privy Chamber, Master of the buckhounds and hawks, High Steward or Keeper of several of the royal demesnes, and Captain of Guernsey. He was seated at Shengay and Hardwicke in Cambridgeshire, and married Margaret, only child of John Donnington, of Stoke Newington in Middlesex, and widow of Sir Thomas Kytson of Hengrave, who died in 1540, by whom he had a son, Henry, born 31 March, 1544, afterwards knighted, and to whom King Henry VIII. and the Duke of Norfolk were sponsors, and three daughters. Sir Richard Long died in October, 1544, and an abstract of his will is given in that admirable work. His widow married to her third husband John Bourchier, Earl of Bath, and died 12 January, 1561, æt. 52. Elizabeth, the daughter and heiress of Sir Henry Long, his son, married William Lord Russell, of Thornhaugh.

Long bows, to the yeomen of the, 180.

Looking-glasses, for, 251.

Lorraine, Cardinal of, 264. See also De LARENO.

Lovell, gardener of Richmond, 15.

----, Peter, a Frenchman.

Lovekyn George, 61.

Lloyd Edward, 112, 126.

Lubished Master, 44.

Luke Master, 236.

Luter, to Arthur the, 131, 233.

Lute-strings for, 25, 201. See INSTRUMENTS.

Lyne Edmond, a huntsman, 53, 69, 92, 116, 141, 180, 202, 284, 286.

Lyle Richard, 233.

Lylgrave William, embroiderer, 128.

Lynney, one of the king's children of the stable, 29.

Lyveretts [Leverets] brought, 225.

Maiohu, Pilgrim, 165.

Malte John, 222, _sæpe_, 223.

Mancyon Andrew, 226.

Mantway, Marquess of, 280.

Apparently Frederick II. Duke of Mantua, who died in 1540. He sent Henry a present of mares in December, 1532, and whose servant received 46_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ "in reward" for bringing them.

Mares brought, 280.

Mariner, to a, 274.

Marion, the blade smith, or cutler, 108, _bis_, 190.

Mark, of the Privy Chamber, 11, 14, 18, 38, 40, 44, 53, _bis_, 61, 73, 75, 78, 84, 86, 98, 100, 121, 124, 126, 138, 139, 153, 165, 170, 173, 183, 197, _bis_, 200, 206, 219, _bis_, 237, _bis_, 259, 261, 262, 264, 265, 281.

This person, who, it is manifest, was wholly supported at the king's expense, and who, it may be consequently inferred, was one of his favourite minions, was the notorious Mark Smeton, a musician, who was accused of criminal familiarity with Anne Boleyn, and upon whose cowardly perjury, chiefly, that victim was condemned. The best account of him is that given by Cavendish:

"My father a carpenter, and laboured with his hand With the swett of his face he purchast his lyvyng For small was his _rent_, much lesse was his land; My mother in a cottage used dayly spynnyng Loo in what mysery was my begynnyng Till that gentle prynce, kyng of this realme Toke me de stercore et origens pauperem

And beyng but a boy clame upp the hygh stage That bred was of naught, and brought to felicite Knew not myself, waxt proud in my corage Dysdayned my father, and wold not him see, Wherfore nowe Fortune by hir mutabilitie Hathe made so cruelly hir power for to stretch For my presumption, to dye like a wretch."

As his conduct was as dastardly as his birth was mean, he was put in irons when arrested, and afterwards hanged, whilst the other prisoners were beheaded.

Marmalade brought, 109, 117, 172, 224.

Marriages, paid to persons towards their, 17, 23, 27, 131, 134, 138, 143, 208, 209, 218, 251, 277.

Marshal of the King's Hall, to the, 191.

Mary Guylford, the king's ship, 18.

This vessel was built in 1524, and was one hundred and forty tons burthen. In November, 1526, she was at Bourdeaux.--Ellis's _Original Letters_, Second Series, v. i. pp. 219, 220.

Mary, Princess, the, 13, 55, 70, 98, 127, 146, _bis_, 148, 162, 183, 202, _bis_, 221, 262, 281.

----, to a physician for attending her, 146, 202.

Mary, the king's eldest daughter, afterwards queen of England. She was born on the 8th February, 1515, and was consequently about fifteen when she is first mentioned in these accounts. They chiefly refer to sums paid her for pocket money, which never exceeded 20_l._ at one time, or was less than 10_l._ Upon one occasion 10_l._ was given her to be distributed in charity. The only new facts connected with her life which they present are, that her royal Highness was ill in June or July, 1531, and apparently again in March, 1532.

Masking, gere for, 270.

Money paid for masquerade dresses when the king was at Calais in November, 1532.

Mason Richard, 24.

----, John, the king's scholar at Paris, 8, 71, 119, 190, 263.

Afterwards Sir John Mason, a Privy Councillor to Henry VIII. Edward VI. and Queen Elizabeth, and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Having displayed much talent in Henry's presence, he was, at the suggestion of Sir Thomas More, sent to the university of Paris.--See _Biog. Britann._ _Art._ "Mason."

Mass Books, for, 24.

Massy, paid to him that appeched, [i. e. impeached,] 69.

An entry of 10_s._ given to an informer.

Mast and a line, for a, 55, 59, 96.

----, paid to the watermen for a, 140.

A mast and ropes for the boat, but the different prices paid for them are curious; on one occasion 4_s._; on another 3_s._ 6_d._; and on a third only 1_s._ 8_d._

Master, Great, to the, 59, 268.

The first entry referred to Ann de Montmorency great master of the king of France's children, but whether the second related to him or to the Great Master of Henry's Household is not certain, but most probably to the latter.

Mastiffs, the king's, 7.

----, given to the king, 36, 251.

---- collars and muzzles for, 186.

Matches, money paid for two, lost by the king, 115.

Matting a boat, for, 281.

Mayling, cloths for, 159.

Cloths for wrappers.

Maynering Henry, 166.

The person who made the king's arms.

Meat, a present of, brought, 236, 255.

Medicines for horses, 118, 263.

The annual expense of "Medsons and drinks" for horses is calculated in the _Ordinances of the Household_, in the 17th Hen. VIII. at 10_l._

Medlars brought, 176, 274.

Melons brought, 264.

Mercer, to a, for his bill, 128, 144, 188, 189, 261, _bis_.

Merchandizes, for certain, 243.

Mew, money given when the Hawks went to the, 37. See HAWKS.

Mewles, [i. e. Mules,] brought, 33.

Michell, a Smith, 147.

---- ----, one of the king's guard, 269, 274.

Midwife, paid to a, 22, 197.

Probably money paid to a midwife when the king was Sponsor to the child.

Mighen Peter, 18.

Milan bonnets, for, 173, 208.

Miles Thomas, 123.

Milloner, to the, 33, 99, 129, 151, 164, 173, 174, 177, 185, 187, 193, 199, 208, 213, 262.

A milloner of the sixteenth, was evidently a different sort of tradesman from the milliner of the nineteenth century, for besides caps, bonnets, and gloves, he then sold knives, sheaths, girdles, jewels, &c.

Mines, the king's at Lantrissen in Glamorganshire, money to be expended on, 69.

That Henry interested himself in mining, is, the Editor presumes, a new fact in his character. From this item we learn that he worked a mine at Lantrissen in Wales, and ordered on one occasion that 23_l._ 16_s._ 6_d._ should be expended on it; and on another he caused 40_s._ to be given to a miner. "All mines containing gold or silver were styled 'mines royal.' Of the latter the richest in Wales are in Cardiganshire. These were leased by James I. to Sir Hugh Middleton, and the profits enabled him to bring the New River from Ware to London; and by Charles I. to Mr. Bushel, who had been in the service of Sir Walter Raleigh; and from this source of wealth he raised and clothed a regiment for the king. The Cardiganshire mines, or perhaps its richest one, called Cwm Symlog, which yields 100 oz. of silver to the ton of lead, may be alluded to in the text."--M.

Miner, to a, 43.

Minstrells, to, 12, 14, 15, 28, 33, 55, 64, 70, 83, 128, 134, 170, 190, 205, 252, 266.

Numerous as the entries relating to minstrels are, no additional information is afforded to what is contained in Dr. Percy's elaborate essay, though they frequently corroborate the statements therein. The frequency of these payments tend, however, to establish Henry's attachment to music. In the _Ordinances of the Royal Household_ made at Eltham in the 17 Hen. VIII. we find that Hugh Woodhouse, the "Serjeant of the Mynstrills," had an annual fee of 10_l._ 16_s._ 10-1/2_d._

Mistelden, [_i. e._ Misselden] Abbot of, 237.

Molyn Jerome, 92.

Money won at the Rounds, 134.

---- borrowed for the king, 104.

---- brought to the king, 215.

---- given to an individual to be by him safely kept for the king's use, 231.

---- lent, 200, 210, 228, 231, 234, 244.

Monk, to a, 239.

Morant, William, 7, 166, 203.

More ----, 37.

----, for the buildings at the, 40, 49.

---- Park, the keeper of, 74.

---- William, 100, 187, _bis_.

----, to blind, and his fellows, 16, _bis_.

Moret Hubert, a jeweller, 185.

Morles William, 104.

Morys Christopher, 233.

Mote Park, to the keeper of, 252.

---- ----, 263.

Morys, _i. e._ Moors, for the board of two, 123.

Mowing, paid for, 176, 230, 256.

Mundy, Ralph, a huntsman, 5, 23, 133, 137, 142, 146, 149, 154, 156, 162, 165, 167, 171, 175, 176, 180, 181, 187, 194, 197, 205, 210, 215, 222, 226, 229, 236, 241, 244, 246, 251, 265, 275, 281, 282.

Muzzles for the king's mastiffs, 186.

Myllain, [_i. e._ Milan,] Bonet, 24. See MILAN.

Myllane, [Milan,] 54.

Myllon, [_i. e_. melon,] a, given the king by an Italian, 248.

Mynion, the King's ship, 18.

In the list of Henry's navy, written on the 22nd October, 1525, and printed in Mr. Ellis's Second Series of _Original Letters_, vol. i. pp. 219, 220, the _Minion_ is described to be "off the tonnege of CLX tonne, and all newe." She was at Bourdeaux in November, 1526.

Nags brought, 39, _bis_, 104, 224, 235, 267.

Nails, for, 45, 234.

Navarre Queen of, her painter, 221.

Naylinghurst, Hugh, 59, 105, 134.

A mercer.

Nedan James, the King's carpenter, 20, 82, 93, 109, 138.

Neghen Peter, 13.

Nelson John, 72.

Nets, paid for mending the King's, 70.

----, paid for carrying the King's, 139, 177, 214, 257.

Probably, Fishing Nets, which it seems were always carried with the king in his progresses; and hence it may be inferred that His Majesty was fond of the amusement.

Nevill Sir John, 167, 267.

Apparently the individual who served in the vanguard at the battle of Spurs. See Lodge's _Illustrations_, vol. i. p. 2.

---- Sir Edward, 272.

Younger brother of George Nevill, Lord Abergaveny, and ancestor of the present Earl. Sir Edward was distinguished for his knightly accomplishments, and was for many years honoured with Henry's favour; but being suspected of a design to advance Reginald Pole to the crown, he was accused and tried, and beheaded at Tower Hill on the 9th November, 1538. Cavendish informs us that he was "a comely knight, of a goodly personage."

Nevill, Master, to his son on his marriage, 277.

Probably one of the sons of Sir Edward.

New College, Oxford, to the children of, 244.

Newelm, 156, 248, _bis_, 249.

---- Park, to the keeper of, 248.

Newne ---- of Canterbury, 12.

New Year's Gifts, 16, 101, 119.

Nicholas, Friar, 23.

Nicholas the astronomer, 130.

The annual fee of the astronomer to Queen Elizabeth was 20_l._

Nicholas Doctor, a physician, 192.

He attended Wolsey in his last illness. See Cavendish, vol. i., p. 311.

Night-Caps, 23, 31, 218.

Night-Gown, for Lady Ann Boleyn, 223.

The minute way in which the materials for Lady Ann's night-gown are mentioned, cannot fail to excite a smile, even if it does not shock our modern ideas of delicacy. The whole expenses of it seem to have been 10_l._ 15_s._ 8_d._

Nightingales brought, 235.

Nods George, a huntsman, 68.

Norfolk Duke of, 32, _bis_, 33, 41, 63, _bis_, 76, 107, 150, 156, 158, 168, 169, _bis_, 180, 212, 250, 264, 267, 268, 283.

Thomas Howard, third Duke of Norfolk, K. G. He was Lord Treasurer, to which office nearly all these entries relate.

Norice, [_i. e._ Nurse,] to a, 22, 197.

Norman, jeweller of Paris, 9.

Norris Master, 30, 175, 224, _bis_, 275.

Sir Henry Norris, gentleman of the Privy Chamber and Esquire of the body. His career is so well known that it is only necessary to remind the reader that he was suspected of a criminal intercourse with Ann Boleyn, and was consequently condemned and beheaded.

Northampton, 71.

----, Mayor of, 160.

Northern man, paid to a, 206, _bis_.

Northumberland Earl of, 18, 109.

Henry Algernon Percy, K. G: sixth Earl of Northumberland. He succeeded to that title in 1527, and was the individual who is supposed to have been attached to Ann Boleyn before her marriage. He was beheaded in 1553.

Norton Wood, to the Keeper of, 161.

Nott John, Groom of the Crossbows, 287.

Nowell, the King's minstrel, 64, 83, 205, 266.

Nuns of Canterbury, 22.

Nurse, paid to a, 22, 197. See MIDWIFE.

---- to the Duke of Richmond's, 41.

Nuts given the king, 160.

As the Duke of Richmond was at this time twelve years old, it would seem that this gratuity was given to the woman who had nursed him in his infancy, rather than to the servant who had then the care of him.

Oars paid for, 6, 7, 262.

These entries shew the price of Oars, which it seems were sold for 1_s._ 6_d._ each.

----, boat with sixteen, 45.

Oats, paid for, 86, 189, 213.

Odal Thomas, 136.

Offering, paid for the King's, at Windsor, 140.

----, for the King's, to Our Lady of Walsingham, 214.

----, for the King's, to Our Lady of Boulogne, and to Our Lady in the Wall at Calais, and of the Rock at Dover, 272, 273.

Ogle Thomas, 3, 7, 12, _bis_, 18, 19, 23, 28, 29, 32, 83, 107, 114, 123, 132, 196, 198, 207, 212, 216, 217, 219, 230, 247, 259, 276, 282, _bis_, 283.