Part 23

Anthony Mark, 109, 157, 165.

Apparently a Venetian merchant.

Anthony a Sackbut, 174.

Anticks, for two brought to the king, 226.

Two buffoons, or two grotesque figures, might be meant by this entry, for Shakspeare seems to use the word in both senses, "We can contain ourselves were he the veriest _antick_ in the world."--_Induction, Taming the Shrew._ "Indeed three such _antics_ do not amount to a man."--_Hen. V. act_ iii. _sc._ 2. Dr. Meyrick, however, with more probability, suggests that it referred to "two antiques," the taste "for articles of that description being then at its height in England, as it had been previously in Italy, on the revival of the arts." In old inventories, "one _antick_ head piece," "one _antick_ armour," often occur. Milton also, says,

"_Antick_ pillars massy proof."

_Il Penseroso._

Antill 68, _bis_, 69, _sæpe_, 70, _sæpe_, 161, 163, _bis_, 167, 168, 236, 237, 238, 248.

----, keeper of the parks at, 70, 162, 163, 238.

Ampthill, in the hundred of Redbornstoke, in Bedfordshire. In 1441, William Beauchamp, Lord St. Amand, possessed it in right of his wife, and sold it to Sir John Cornwall Lord Fanhope, one of the heroes of Agincourt, and who, according to "Leland, builded the castelle of Antehill of such spoils as it is said he won in France." In 1453 Henry Duke of Exeter, son of Fanhope's wife, by her first husband, entered into a bond of 6000 marks to abide by the arbitration of Sir Thomas Bourchier respecting the manor of Ampthill and some other estates. In 1524, Roger de Grey Earl of Kent, alienated it to the Crown. It was made an honor by act of Parliament, the preamble to which states, that it was Henry the Eighth's intention "to erect, build, and edifie upon his grace's manor of Ampthill, sumptuous, stately, beautiful, and princely buildings." Ampthill has derived a mournful interest from its having been the residence of the unhappy Katherine, during the early part of the proceedings relative to her divorce, and she was cited from thence to attend the Commissioners at Dunstable. Henry was evidently at Ampthill in August 1530, September 1531, and July 1532. Mr. Lysons, says, no account of the manor is to be found during several subsequent reigns. The palace was allowed to go to decay. James the First bestowed the honor on the Earl of Kelly, but it soon reverted to the Crown. The custody of the Great Park was granted to Lord Bruce in 1613, and his descendants became lessees of it, in whom it continued until 1738, when the lease was purchased by the Duke of Bedford, and it was exchanged in 1800 to the late Earl of Upper Ossory. In the 17th century a family of Nicholls were lessees of Ampthill Great Park, and after the Restoration it was given by Charles the Second to Mr. John Ashburnham. In 1720, his descendants sold it to Lord Fitz-William, from whom it was purchased, in 1736, by Lady Gowran, grandmother of its late owner, the Earl of Upper Ossory, who died in 1818. That nobleman erected a column, in 1770, on the scite of Ampthill castle, upon which are inscribed the following beautiful lines by Horace Walpole.

"In days of yore here Ampthill's towers were seen, The mournful refuge of an injur'd queen; Here flow'd her pure but unavailing tears, Here blinded zeal sustain'd her sinking years; Yet freedom hence her radiant banners wav'd, And love aveng'd a realm by priests enslav'd. From Katherine's wrongs a nation's bliss was spread, And Luther's light from Henry's lawless bed."

_Lysons' Bedfordshire._

Apothecary, Sergeant, to the, 79, 146.

One of these entries is curious, as the Sergeant Apothecary appears to have brought some gloves to the king. They were probably _perfumed_ gloves.

----, Culberd or Cutberd, the king's, his bills paid, 44, 124, 165, 203, 251.

----, master John, the, 147.

Apparel for Lady Anne, paid for making, 179.

Apparelling for the, of a falconer, 39.

Appeached [query impeached], to one that impeached Massy, 69.

Apples brought, 36, 78, 147, 178, 181, 186, 237, 242, 258, 265, 266, 282, 283.

Apples, Quene brought, 163.

Armacan, Bishop of, 104.

The Bishop of Armagh, in Ireland, which See was then filled by John Kite, who resigned it in 1531.

Armerer, William the king's footman's wife, 17, 78, 84, _bis_, 104, 122, 197, _bis_, 217.

Armeston Clement, 112.

Armourer at Windsor, to the, 155.

Armourer to the, 44, 184, 194, 196, 234.

----, paid the, for garnishing books, 214.

The word garnish is used very indefinitely; it here seems to have meant placing clasps on books.

Armoury at Windsor, the keeper of the, 41.

Armoury, to two persons of the, 259.

Arms the King's, to Henry Maynering for making the, 166.

From the charge 8_l._ 19_s._ as well as from the word "making," it would seem that the royal arms were in this instance carved.

Arnolde Henry, the shoe-maker, 219, 281.

Arras for, 59, 215.

Arrows for, 40, 47, 265.

----, paid for shooting, 50.

----, paid for forked, 50.

----, brought, 64, 83.

Arrow head's given the King, 216.

Arthur the luter, 131.

Artichokes brought, 72, 77, 117, 142, 163, 169, 218, 220, 224, 232.

Arundel Earl of, 146.

William Fitz Alan, K.G., who succeeded to that dignity in 1524, and died in 1543.

Arundell Master, 60.

Probably Sir John Arundel, ancestor of the present Lord Arundel of Wardour. He was made a Knight of the Bath in 1495, and a Knight Banneret at Tournay, and died in 1545.

Ashrigge, 67, _bis_.

Assheley Hector, keeper of Hounsdon, 42, 60, 73, 81, 111, 136, 161, 174, 211.

All the payments to this individual were for the buildings at Hounsdon, which will be more particularly alluded to.

Asshley Thomas, 215.

Servant to Lady Ann Rochford.

Astell Edmond, keeper of Greenwich Park, 205, 213, _bis_, 217.

These payments relate to Greenwich Park, or for the food of the deer in it.

Aston Master, 244.

Astronomer, to Nicholas the, for mending a clock, 130.

Atkins Richard, 36.

Attorney to the King's, 135.

The Attorney General in May, 1531, was Christopher Hales, but it is not certain that the payment was to that officer.

Audley Lord, 65.

John Tuchet, who was restored to that dignity in 1512, and died _ante_ 1558.

---- ----, his son's child christened, 145.

John Tuchet, Lord Audley, above mentioned, had issue, three sons, George, Edward, and Richard. George succeeded to the dignity in 1558, and had a son Henry, who also became Lord Audley, and it was probably that Henry who was christened in May 1531, and which would fix the date of his birth to that year, a point which has not been ascertained. Richard, the 3rd son of Lord Audley, also had issue, to one of whom this entry might relate, but the former is most likely. The state of the pedigree of that family is however so very confused and imperfect, that it throws no light on the point.

Audley, the king's servant, 204.

Augustine, the falconer 105.

St. Austins, _i. e._ Augustines Canterbury, Abbot of, 274.

John Sturvey, _alias_ Essex, who was Abbot from 1523 until the dissolution.

Avelande Thomas, 46.

This individual seems to have been the proprietor of some land, which was bought to enlarge one of the parks at Windsor. It consisted of two acres of meadow; the sum paid for which, 4_l._, is worthy of notice, as shewing the price of land at the period.

Averay of the Botelles, 9, and Averay John of the cellar, 143.

Clearly the same person. He appears to have been attached to the cellar, and from the way in which he is described "of the bottles," they were perhaps entrusted to his custody.

Averay, 188.

Query,--If Thomas Avery, who in the 17th. Hen. VIII., was one of the Gentlemen Pensioners.--_Household Ordinances temp. King Hen. VIII._ p. 168.

Awbray, Yeoman of the Crossbows, 24.

Aynes Elizabeth, 184.

Badges on liveries paid for, 16.

It is scarcely necessary to remark, that the servants or retainers of eminent personages were distinguished by peculiar badges, which were placed on the arm and other parts of their dresses.

Bag for keeping the king's shirts in, 103.

Bags paid for, 110.

Bagot William, 157, 158, 159.

A seller of bows, pellets, or shot, &c.

Bagshot Park, to the keeper of, 152.

Baynton Master, 100.

Baker ---- servant to the Princess Mary, 146, _bis_.

Bakhouse John, a soldier, 81.

"Ball" the king's dog for finding, 43.

Balls tennis, paid for, 283.

"Banished" to families sent out of Greenwich, 104, 125, 129, 173, 273, _bis_.

The last entry excepting one on this subject confirms the opinion relative to the former, namely, that they were families in which an infectious disease had appeared, and which were consequently sent out of Greenwich lest it should extend to the court, and endanger the royal person. The king however seems always to have borne the expences attending their removal, and which are deserving of notice as showing what was considered a sufficient sum for the purpose. Some of the persons thus "banished" were evidently above the lower orders, for we find that William Morley had six servants, and Hadstone, three.

Baptist John, an Italian Jeweller, 97, 99.

Barba John, a sackbut, 173.

Barbariste Horse [i. e. Barbary Horse], to Powle that keeps the, 165.

Barbary Horse, to the keeper of the, 133, 199, 204.

Henry's attachment to horses is manifested by numerous entries, and this horse, which is in one place called a "Barra horse," and in another the "Barbaristo horse," was apparently a favourite Arabian sent from some part of Barbary, from which it derived its appellation. Shakespeare also speaks of a "Barbary horse:"

"When Bolingbroke rode on _roan Barbary_, that horse That thou so often had bestrid."

_Rich._ II. A. 5. Sc. 5.

"You'll have your daughter cover'd with a _Barbary horse_."

_Merry Wives of Windsor_, A. II. Sc. 2.

Barberries brought, 258.

Barde, for a, 9.

Or BARBE, explained by Dr. Johnson to be the trapping of a horse, also dressed in a warlike manner, caparisoned:

"If the _barded_ horses ran fiercely."

_Hollingshed._

That citation as well as those by Arch. Nares, tend to prove that it was "a general name for the several pieces of defensive armour with which the horses of knights were covered in war." Little light is thrown upon the word by the manner in which it is used in this instance, excepting that it is spoken of in the singular number, and that it was for the king's use; but as Copeland is mentioned in another place, p. 18, as a mercer, it may be inferred that "the bard" was of cloth or silk, and which, if it was for a horse, renders it almost certain that it was a trapping or ornament, rather than a piece of armour. This idea is confirmed by the following passage in Hall: "The king kept a solempne justes at his manour of Grenewiche, he himself and xi wer on the one part and the marques of Exsceter with xi wer on the other parte. The kynges _barde_ and base and all his bend wer of cloth of gold and silver richely embraudered, with a mannes harte," &c. p. 707. Dr. Meyrick observes, "The _barde_ was the complete armour for the horse, though sometimes confined to the poitrail, which when made to reach up to the pomel of the saddle, was called _haute barde_." This horse armour was often covered with silk or cloth of gold.

Baret, ----, 252.

Barge, the king's, Johnson the master of, 7, 8, 10, 125, 182, 192, 230.

----, to the master of the Queen's, 107.

----, the king's new, 44, 155.

----, for repairing the king's, 45, 135, 169, 247.

----, for dressing the king's, 96, 155, 181, 281.

i. e. cleaning and perhaps ornamenting the barge.

----, paid to watermen for waiting with the, 112, 114, 120, 136, 139, 211, 215.

----, paid for the hire of a, 122.

----, for a hide to cover the king's, 182.

----, for trimming the, 44, 45.

----, for painting the, 44, 195.

----, the great, 208.

----, for tallowing and brenning the king's, 211.

This item refers to the process by which the bottom of an uncoppered vessel is cleaned. In the sixteenth century barges were as important parts of royal and noble establishments, as carriages are in the nineteenth. Henry frequently removed from Westminster to Greenwich and Richmond, and was almost always conveyed by water. His equipage was sent in a similar manner, hence the frequent charges for the great and little barges, boats, watermen, &c. The royal barge was doubtlessly extremely splendid, for it appears that the painting cost upon one occasion 30_l._ and upon another Vincent the painter was paid for the "trimming," by which is probably meant slightly painting and ornamenting, 15_l._ 4_s._ 9_d._ The best idea of its appearance is perhaps conveyed by the barges which now belong to the city companies, many of which are beautifully painted with allegorical figures, landscapes, &c. and gorgeously ornamented.

Barge, to the master of the king's for conveying his Majesty to Shepey, 266.

---- great, for serving the king with the, 279.

Bargeman, John, the king's, 110.

Bargeman, to one of the, for repairing the king's barge, 135.

Barker Ambrose, mercer, 188, 189, 282.

Barley ----, a priest, 169.

Barnard Matthew, a foreign merchant, 186.

Barnard's wife, 121, 256.

Upon one occasion she made a present of two shirts to the king, and on the other was paid for making eight shirts, 2_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._

Barnardin, the gunner, 36.

Barnes, i. e. Berners Lord, 207.

John Bourchier, second and last lord Berners, the well known translator of Froissart and other works both from the French and Italian. He died on the 16th March, 1533. _See_ Bourchier.

Barnwood Park, to the ranger of, 154, _bis_, and keepers of, 155.

Baron the Chief, 194.

Richard Lyster or Leicester, who held that office from the 15th May, 1530, until 1546.

Baroper Park, to the keeper of, 151.

---- ----, 152.

Beaurepaire, still called Baroper, situated between Reading and Andover, the seat of the ancient family of Brocas, from the Conquest to the present time.--M*.

Barra horse, i. e. Barbary horse, to the keeper of the, and for a bath for it, 204. _See_ Barbary.

Bartelot Doctor, 146.

A Physician.

Basing, 18, 155, 231;

---- purveyor of the ship, 179.

Baskets to carry plate, 20.

Bath for a horse, paid for a, 204.

This item is not a little curious; 7_s._ 2_d._ for a bath for a horse shows the great attention which was paid to Henry's stud; yet it must be remembered that it was for the favourite Arabian before noticed as the Barbary horse.

Battersea, 24.

Baugh Doctor, one of the king's almoners, 9, 19, 32, 42, 59, 77, 90, 106, 117, 134, 145, 159, 174, 182, 208, 225, 254, 276, 280.

The large sums expended by the king in charity have been elsewhere noticed.

Bayles for the king's barge, 11.

A bail is a kind of small bucket, used for emptying the water which accumulates at the bottom of a boat. To "bail out a boat" is the expression still used by sailors for that operation.

Baynton Master, 36, 85, 209, _bis_.

Beagles, Robert Sheere, keeper of the, 17, 24, 31, 39, 45, 70, 79, 94, 125, 136, 219, 290.

These entries relate to the sums paid either as wages to the keeper of those animals, or for their food. His wages are said in some places to have been 5_s._ a month, but in others the 5_s._ a month is stated to be for meat for them, and as the latter entry never occurs near the former, and is uniformly the same in amount, it cannot be determined which is meant. That sum could scarcely have included both his wages and food for the dogs. Occasionally a reward of 20_s._ seems to have been bestowed upon him.

Beagles' meat, for 187, 199, 213, 231.

Beans brought, 218.

Bears, [Beres] to the keeper of the king's, 14.

If, as can scarcely be doubted, by "Beres" is meant Bears, this item proves that Henry had a kind of private menagerie, for it is not likely it could refer to the animals in the Tower.

Beaulie, the gardener of, 4, 5, 8, 18, 36, _bis_, 39, 44, 45, _ter_, 50, 56, 61, 72, 77, _bis_, 80, 81, 87, 96, _bis_, 103, 120, 124, 130, 142, 147, 166, 169, 176, 188, 197, 200, 207, 209, 219, 220, 224, 232, 235, 241, 256, 257, 264, 287, 288.

"NEW HALL, a magnificent mansion not far from Woodham Walters, formerly belonging to the Butlers, Earls of Ormond, after to Thomas Bollen, Earl of Wiltshire, of whom Henry VIII. purchased it by exchange, and making costly additions to it, gave it the name of BEAULIEU, which, however, never prevailed among the generality."--_Gough's Camden_, vol. ii. p. 44. New Hall, or Beaulieu, is about five miles S. E. by E. of Maldon, on the side of the æstuary of the Blackwater.--"Leland states that when Henry 'ædes sibi comparassit coeperunt in immensum excrescere ingentibus Principis impensis, novumque juxta ac elegans nomen _Belli Loci_ adsumere.' Camden informs us that the new name never prevailed among the common people; and after the king's death, it is presumed, the place resumed its original appellation of New Hall." M.

Bed, and appurtenances, paid for the making of a, 77.

Some curious descriptions of the beds of our ancestors will be found in the "Testamenta Vetusta" _sparsim_, from which an idea can be formed of their magnificence. Even in this era of luxury our beds are far inferior in splendour to those of the fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth centuries.--"In the inventory of household furniture of Skipton Castle, taken in 1572, we have proof that a state bedchamber of that period 'was not inferior in magnificence, as far as its accommodations went, to the same apartment in a modern nobleman's house.'--Whitaker's Crav. p. 328. A 'bed of downe with a bolster' is there valued at C_s._ 'The teaster of tynsell and blake vellvett with armes, havynge curtains of sylke, with frynges, 20_l._'"--M.

Bedesmen, S^{r}. Torche the king's at the rood of Greenwich, 33, 188, 122.

A beadsman, it is scarcely requisite to remark, is an individual who is bound to pray for the person by whom he is supported. From the title "Sir" being applied to Henry's beadsman, it seems that he was a priest, and we learn that he received 40_s._ a year.

Bedill Master, 26.

Bedwell, keeper of the park of, 71.

Beads, for two pair of, 81.

Bekensell, or Bekensaw, a scholar of Paris, 23, 38.

Beks Master, 41.

Bells gilt, for hawks, paid for, 159.

They appear to have cost 7_s._ 2_d._ the dozen, or about seven pence three farthings each.

Belson John, 28.

It is quite evident, notwithstanding his name does not indicate it, that this individual was a Welshman, but of what situation in life does not appear.

Benet Doctor, 186.

Benton ----, 257.

Berewarde Sergeant, 187.

Berkeley Lord, 29, 43, 117, 140.

Thomas Lord Berkeley, who succeeded his brother in that dignity in 1523, and died on the 28th January, 1583.

Berkeley Lady, 48.

Apparently the wife of that nobleman, namely Cecilia, widow of Richard Rowdon, Esq.

Berkhampstead Park, in the county of Hertford, to the keeper of, 67.

Betting Money, lost by the king, in bets at shooting, tennis, &c. 36, 137, 189, 220, 226, 227, 229.

These entries are more fully noticed under "Gambling."

Bill, to a poor man that endeavoured to get one signed, 40.

Bills for bringing such as were assigned, 267.

"Bill", in both instances appears to be orders for payments. In the last, 23_s._ 4_d._ was probably allowed for the bearer's travelling expenses from London to Dover, and the former was a charitable donation to some unfortunate man, who was endeavouring to get an order signed.

Bird Henry.--See Byrde.

Biscuits brought, 169.

Bitch, for keeping the little white, 127.

----, the king's brought, 147.

Blackheath, for placing wine in the cellar, in the tower at, 98.

----, for making a wall upon the new ditch at, 213.

Black John, the hardwareman, 23.

Blackwall, 175.

Blade Smith, Maryon the, 108.

A sword-cutler.

Blake Francis, 93.

A footman.

Blanch John, 28.

A foreign minstrel.

Blind woman, to a, being a harper, 168.

Blount John, 16.

Blue Mantle, 15.

John Norbonne, who was created to that office, at Bridewell Place, by the Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal, on Allhallows-day, 1528, and was promoted to be Richmond Herald in 1586. He died in the tower, but for what reason he incurred the royal displeasure is unknown. The embroidery work for which he was paid 35_l._ was probably of the king's arms or badges.

Boar, a wild boar's head brought, 181.

Boars wild, brought, 5, 13.

Board, the, that stood in the chamber over the library at Greenwich, brought to York Place, 87.

Boards and nails paid for, 159.

Boats, for the hire of, 12, 14, 25, 87, 93, 118, 177, 195, _bis_, 208, 215.

Boat for tallowing and brenning the, 211.

---- and Barge, for oars, anchor, and cable, &c. and for expenses whilst painting the, 262.

----, paid for a, for the king's embarkation and landing at Calais, and likewise for that of his stuff, 272, 273.

---- paid for, for the king's embarkation at Calais, landing at Dover, and crossing the water at Sandwich, 273.

----, for matting the, 281.

This probably means covering the bottom of the boat on the inside with mats, to prevent the baggage and other articles put on board it from being rubbed or wetted.

----, to "dressing" the king's, 8, 96.

----, for repairing the king's, 45, 107.

----, a great load of books brought, 110.

----, paid to watermen for waiting with the, 112, 114, 120, 128, 136, 139, 201, _bis_, 215, 219.

----, for mending the king's great, 164.

----, for cotton for lining the king's, 182.

This is a singular entry. Lining a boat with cotton may either mean that cotton was used instead of oakum for caulking, or the inside of the after part of the boat might have been lined for the purpose of comfort in sitting, or leaning against the sides.

The note on barges applies in some degree to these frequent notices relative to boats, excepting that the former were chiefly used for the conveyance of the king and persons of consequence, whilst the latter carried his "stuff," that is, the necessary household goods, &c. and servants.

Bocher, the king's waterman, 128.

Bokeller-maker, _i. e._ Buckle-maker, 124.

Bolenger John, a Minstrel, 70, 129.

In one place he is merely called a Minstrel, but in the other he is specifically described as a Sackbut.

Bolayn Anthony de, a merchant of Paris, 15.

Boleyn Sir Edward, Knt. 10, 44.

Apparently the uncle of the celebrated Ann Boleyn. He married Ann, daughter and heiress of Sir John Tempest, but little more seems to be known of him.

Boleyn Lady Ann, 4, _bis_, 13, 44, 47, 50, 61, 72, 74, 88, _bis_, 90, 95, 97, _bis_, 98, _bis_, 101, 128, 179, 183, 217, 222, 223, 245.--See Pembroke.

Some observations on these entries will be found at the commencement of the volume.

Bolougne, 268, _sæpe_.

----, paid the king's offering to our Lady of, 272.

The king was at Bologne in November, 1532, and offered 11_s._ 3_d._ to the image of our Lady of that place.

Bolts and Rings for, 251.

We learn from this entry that when the king was in progress, a smith attended with rings and bolts for his Majesty's sleeping apartments.

Bone Sir Robert, 160.