Part 13

Henry Sidgwick, late Knightbridge professor of moral philosophy at Cambridge, died on August 28, at the age of sixty-two years. There are usually not many events to record in the life of a university professor, but Sidgwick had an opportunity to prove his character when he resigned a fellowship in Trinity College because holding it implied the acceptance of certain theological dogmas. Liberalizing influences, however, were at work, of which he himself was an important part, and he was later elected honorary fellow of the same college, and in 1883 became professor of moral philosophy in the University. Sidgwick published three large works--‘Methods of Ethics’ (1874), ‘Principles of Political Economy’ (1883) and ‘Elements of Politics’ (1891)--in addition to a great number of separate articles. All these works, especially the ‘Ethics,’ show an intellect to a rare degree both subtle and scientific. There was a distinction and a personal quality in what he wrote that made each book or essay a work of art, as well as a contribution to knowledge. Those who knew Professor Sidgwick--and the writer of the present note regards it as one of the fortunate circumstances of his life that he was for several years a student under him--realize that the qualities of the man were even more rare than those of the author. His hesitating utterance, always ending in exactly the right word, but represented the caution and correctness of his thought. Subtlety, sincerity, kindliness and humor were as happily combined in his daily conversation as in his writings. It is said that he was never ‘entrapped into answering a question by yes or no,’ but his deeds and his influence were positive without qualification or limitation.

* * * * *

Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, who died on almost the same day as Sidgwick, was also a writer on ethics and once a university professor, but the life and writings of the two men present a strange contrast. Where Sidgwick’s touch was light as an angel’s, Nietzsche trampled like a bull; the one was the embodiment of reason, caution, consideration and kindliness, the other represented paradox, recklessness, violence and brute force. Still Nietzsche deserves mention here, as his ethical views, based on the Darwinian theory of the survival of the fit, are not unlikely to be urged hereafter by saner men, and to become an integral part of ethics when ethics becomes a science. As a matter of fact, after resigning his professorship at Zurich, and even while writing his remarkable books, Nietzsche suffered from brain disease, and during the past eleven years his reason was completely lost.

INDEX.

NAMES OF CONTRIBUTORS ARE PRINTED IN SMALL CAPITALS.

Academies, International Association of, 666.

Academy, National, Retiring President of, 219; Work of the, 219.

Adirondacks, Birds of the, GEORGE CHAHOON, 40.

Agassiz’s Investigations on Coral Islands, 103.

Agriculture, U. S. Department of, Appropriations for, 335.

Air, Liquid, 102.

Air-Ship, Count Zeppelin’s, 559.

Aluminum, How it is Made, 104.

American Association, 220; President of the, 332; New York Meeting of, 332; Address of the Retiring President, 442; President of New York Meeting, 442; Proceedings, 443; Officers, 446; Meetings of the, M. E. D. TROWBRIDGE, 660.

Animals Helping One Another, 107.

Anthropology, 217, 445.

Anthropometry, 445.

Appropriations for the U. S. Department of Agriculture, 335.

Argyll, Duke of, Death of, 223.

Assembly, International, 220.

Association, American, 220; President of the, 332; Address of the Retiring President, 439; President of New York Meeting, 442; Proceedings, 443; Officers, 446; Meetings of the, M. E. D. TROWBRIDGE, 660; British, French and German, 664.

ATKINSON, EDWARD, Mental Energy, 632.

Atkinson’s Lessons in Botany, 215.

Automatism, Mental, 662.

Automobiles, Evolution and Present Status of, WILLIAM BAXTER, JR., 406; Steam, 406; Electric, 479; Gasoline, 593.

Barisal Guns, 105.

Barnes’s Outlines of Plant Life, 215.

BAXTER, JR., WILLIAM, The Evolution and Present Status of the Automobile, Steam, 406; Electric Automobiles, 479; Gasoline Automobiles, 593.

Beach on the Marine Mollusca of Cold Spring Harbor, 106.

Beagle, The Fate of the, V. MARSHALL LAW, 86.

Bertrand, Joseph, Death of, 222.

BIGELOW, FRANK H., The Coming Total Eclipse of the Sun, 1.

Biltz on Molecular Weights, 213.

Biographical Sketch of an Infant, CHARLES DARWIN, 197.

Biological, Lectures from the Marine Laboratory at Wood’s Holl, 329; Laboratories, Marine, 555.

Biologique, L’Année, 551.

Biology, 329.

Birds, as Flying Machines, FREDERIC A. LUCAS, 473; of the Adirondacks, GEORGE CHAHOON, 40.

Blind Fishes, Structure of, 48; Causes of Degeneration in, CARL H. EIGENMANN, 397.

BOAS, FRANZ, Religious Beliefs of the Central Eskimo, 624.

BOLTON, HENRY CARRINGTON, New Sources of Light and of Röntgen Rays, 318.

Bootblack, A Mechanical, 105.

Botanical Garden, The New York, D. T. MacDOUGAL, 171.

Botany, 215, 328.

British Association, 664; Address of the President before the, SIR WILLIAM TURNER, 561.

Bruncken’s North American Forests and Forestry, 216.

Bubble-blowing Insect, E. S. MORSE, 23.

Bubonic Plague, FREDERICK G. NOVY, 576.

Catalogue of Scientific Literature, 448, 558.

CHAHOON, GEORGE, Birds of the Adirondacks, 40.

Chapman’s Bird Studies with a Camera, 440.

Character, National, and Scientific Study, ALBERT B. CROWE, 90.

Chemical, Fertilization, 223; Research, Recent, Some Phases of the Earth’s Development in the Light of, EDWARD RENOUF, 295.

Chemistry, 213; A Hundred Years of, F. W. CLARKE, 59.

Chewing Gum Habit, Antiquity of, ROBERT E. C. STEARNS, 549.

City, The Most Expensive in the World, BIRD S. COLER, 16.

CLARKE, F. W., A Hundred Years of Chemistry, 59.

Cold Spring Harbor Biological Laboratory, 556.

COLER, BIRD S., The Most Expensive City in the World, 16.

COLLIER, JAMES, Colonies and the Mother Country, 139, 248, 390.

Colonies and the Mother Country, JAMES COLLIER, 139, 248, 390.

Color, Red, CHARLES E. DANA, 661.

Congresses of the Paris Exposition, 537.

Conway, Sir Martin, on the Bolivian Andes, 439.

Coral Islands, Agassiz’s Investigations on, 103.

Crazes, Psychology of, G. T. W. PATRICK, 285.

Cytology, 330.

DANA, CHAS. E., The Color Red, 661.

DARWIN, CHARLES, A Biographical Sketch of an Infant, 197.

Davenport’s Elementary Zoölogy, 440.

DAVIS, W. M., The Physical Geography of the Lands, 157.

Deaths, 108, 222, 335, 667.

Degeneration in Blind Fishes, Causes of, CARL H. EIGENMANN, 397.

Dugmore on Bird Homes, 441.

Earth’s Developments, Some Phases of, in the Light of Recent Chemical Research, EDWARD RENOUF, 295.

Eclipse, 224, 560; Total, of the Sun, FRANK BIGELOW, 1; Solar of May 28, 1900, S. P. LANGLEY, 302.

Education, 331; Technical, in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, G. F. SWAIN, 257; in the United States, 331; Higher, for Colored Youth, ANDREW F. HILYER, 436.

Educational, and Scientific Institutions of New York City, 333; Association, the National, 447.

EIGENMANN, CARL H., The Structure of Blind Fishes, 48; Causes of Degeneration in Blind Fishes, 397.

ELIOT, C. W., Legislation against Medical Discovery, 436.

Elliott and Ferguson’s Qualitative Analysis, 213.

Ellis on the Analysis of White Paints, 213.

ELLIS, HAVELOCK, Psychology of Red, 365, 517.

Endowment of American Universities, 333.

Energy, Mental, EDWARD ATKINSON, 632.

Engine, The Human Body as an, E. B. ROSA, 491.

Eskimo, Central, Religious Beliefs of the, FRANZ BOAS, 624.

Ewart’s Penycuik Experiments, 126.

Expenditure of the Working Classes, HENRY HIGGS, 527.

Farm Homes for City Children, 106.

Fauna, Cave, of North America, 446.

Fayerweather Bequest, 558.

Fertilization, Chemical, 223.

Fiction and Science, 324, 336.

Fishes, Blind, Structure of, CARL H. EIGENMANN, 48; Causes of Degeneration in, CARL H. EIGENMANN, 397.

Flournoy’s Des Indes à la Planète Mars, 662.

Flying Machines, Birds as, FREDERIC A. LUCAS, 473.

French Association for the Advancement of Science, 664.

Gas and Gas Meters, HUBERT S. WYNKOOP, 179.

Gasoline Automobiles, WILLIAM J. BAXTER, JR., 593.

Geography, 439; Physical, of the Lands, W. M. DAVIS, 157.

Geologic Time, Rhythms and, G. K. GILBERT, 339.

Geology, 439; International Congress of, 666.

German Association for the Advancement of Science, 664.

Gibbs, Wolcott, Portrait of, 114; Works of, 219.

GILBERT, G. K., Rhythms and Geologic Time, 339.

Gilbert, G. K., Portrait of, 226; Work of, 332; on Recent Earth Movements, 439.

Greatness, Comparative Longevity and, JOSEPH JASTROW, 206.

GREELY, A. W., Scientific Results of the Norwegian Polar Expedition, 420.

GROFF, GEORGE C., The Conquest of the Tropics, 540.

HADDON, A. C., Expedition to Torres Straits, 217.

HAFFKINE, W. M., Preventive Inoculation, 115, 240.

HIGGS, HENRY, Expenditure of the Working Classes, 527.

HILYER, ANDREW F., Higher Education of Colored Youth, 436.

Hollick on Geological Formations and Forests in New Jersey, 107.

Homes, Farm, for City Children, 106.

Howard on the Mosquitoes of the United States, 663.

Huggins’s Atlas of Representative Stellar Spectra, 552.

Human Body as an Engine, E. B. ROSA, 491.

Humiliating Situation, 100.

Hydrogen, Solidification of, 223.

Importation of Animals, Legislation regarding, 560.

Infant, A Biographical Sketch of an, CHARLES DARWIN, 197.

Ingle’s Chemistry of Fire and Fire Prevention, 214.

Inoculation, Preventive, W. M. HAFFKINE, 115, 240.

Insect, Bubble-blowing, E. S. MORSE, 23.

International Assembly, 220.

Jackson’s Glossary of Botanical Terms, 328.

JACOBY, HAROLD, The Sun’s Destination, 191.

JASTROW, JOSEPH, Comparative Longevity and Greatness, 206; The Modern Occult, 449.

Jesup, North Pacific Expedition, 217.

Jones, H. C., Theory of Electrolytic Dissociation, 213.

Keane on Man, Past and Present, 218.

Keeler, James Edward, Death of, 667.

Keeler’s Bird Notes Afield, 215; Our Native Trees, 328.

Kingsley’s Vertebrate Zoölogy, 214.

Kite Flying, Scientific, 559.

Laboratory, National Physical, 221.

Lange’s Chemische-technische Untersuchungsmethoden, 214.

LANGLEY, S. P., Solar Eclipse of May 28, 1900, 302.

Law, International, and the Peace Conference, JAMES HARRIS VICKERY, 76.

LAW, V. MARSHALL, The Fate of the Beagle, 86.

Legislation, against Medical Discovery, C. W. ELIOT, 436; regarding the Importation of Animals, 560.

Light, New Sources of, and of Röntgen Rays, HENRY CARRINGTON BOLTON, 310.

Liquid Air, 102.

Longevity, Comparative, and Greatness, JOSEPH JASTROW, 206.

Lounsberry’s Guide to the Trees, 216.

LUCAS, FREDERIC A., Birds as Flying Machines, 473.

McCarthy on Familiar Fish, 553.

MacDOUGAL, D. T., The New York Botanical Garden, 171.

MacDougal’s Nature and Work of Plants, 216.

McMillan’s Electro-metallurgy, 214.

Malaria, and the Malarial Parasite, PATRICK MANSON, 310; and Mosquitoes, 336.

Manson, Marsden, Mount Tamalpais, 69.

MANSON, PATRICK, Malaria and the Malarial Parasite, 310.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Technical Education in, G. F. SWAIN, 257.

Mathematical Physics, 327.

Meat, Diseased, in Paris, 104.

Mental Energy, EDWARD ATKINSON, 632.

Milne-Edwards, Alphonse, Death of, 222.

Mineral Industry, 214.

Mivart, St. George, Death of, 223.

Mongols, Modern, F. L. OSWALD, 618.

MORSE, E. S. A Bubble-blowing Insect, 23.

Mosquitoes, and Malaria, 336; of the United States, 663.

National Academy, Retiring President of, 219; Work of the, 219.

Negro, The, since the Civil War, N. S. SHALER, 29; Future of, in the United States, N. S. SHALER, 147.

Nietzsche, Frederick, Death of, 668.

NOVY, FREDERICK G., The Bubonic Plague, 576.

NEWCOMB, SIMON, Chapters on the Stars, 227, 376, 500, 638.

Newton’s Dictionary of Birds, 215.

New York Botanical Garden, D. T. MacDOUGAL, 171.

North’s Catalogue of the Nests and Eggs of the Birds of Australia, 215.

Norwegian Polar Expedition, Scientific Results of the, A. W. GREELY, 420.

Occult, The Modern, JOSEPH JASTROW, 449.

Ornithology, 440.

OSWALD, F. L., Modern Mongols, 618.

Paget on Experiments on Animals, 553.

Parasite, Malarial, and Malaria, PATRICK MANSON, 310.

Paris Exposition and its Congresses, 557.

Parker and Haswell’s Manual of Zoölogy, 214.

Parker’s Practical Zoölogy, 215.

PATRICK, G. T. W., Psychology of Crazes, 285.

Peace Conference and International Law, JAMES HARRIS VICKERY, 76.

Pearson’s Grammar of Science, 550.

Penycuik Experiments, Professor Ewart’s, 126.

Pfeffer’s Plant Physiology, 216.

Photographing Live Fishes, 106.

Photography of Sound Waves, R. W. WOOD, 354.

Physical Geography of the Lands, W. M. DAVIS, 157.

Physical Laboratory, National, 221.

Physics, Mathematical, 327; International Congress of, 666.

Pitt-Rivers, Sir Fox-Lane, Death of, 335.

Plague, Bubonic, FREDERICK G. NOVY, 576.

Pneumatic Dispatch Tubes, 103.

Poetry and Science, L. W. SMITH, 546.

Polar Expedition, Norwegian, Scientific Results of the, A. W. GREELY, 420.

Preventive Inoculation, W. M. HAFFKINE, 115, 240.

Promotion of Men of Science, 221.

Psychology, of Crazes, G. T. W. PATRICK, 285; of Red, HAVELOCK ELLIS, 365, 517.

Quantitative Study of Variation, 445.

Radio-active Substances, 558.

Rayleigh, Lord, Scientific Papers, 327.

Red, Psychology of, HAVELOCK ELLIS, 365, 517; The Color, CHAS. E. DANA, 661.

Reform, School, 210.

Religious Belief of the Central Eskimo, FRANZ BOAS, 624.

RENOUF, EDWARD, Some Phases of the Earth’s Development in the Light of Recent Chemical Research, 295.

Research Work and Courses of Instruction, 556.

Reynolds, Osborne, Papers on Mechanical and Physical Subjects, 328.

Rhythms and Geologic Time, G. K. GILBERT, 339.

ROE, WILLIAM J. Some Scientific Principles of Warfare, 605.

Röntgen Rays, New Sources of Light, and, HENRY CARRINGTON BOLTON, 310.

ROSA, E. B., The Human Body as an Engine, 491.

Rydberg’s Flora of Montana and the Yellowstone Park, 329.

School Reform, 210.

Science, Study and National Character, ALBERT B. CROWE, 90; and Fiction, 324, 336; and Poetry, L. W. SMITH, 546.

Scientific, Societies, Meetings of, 333; and Educational Institutions of New York City, 333; Literature, International Catalogue of, 448, 558.

SHALER, N. S., The Negro since the Civil War, 29; The Future of the Negro in the United States, 147.

Sharp, David, on Insects, 215.

Sharpe, R. Bowdler, Nomenclature Avium, 215.

Shelley’s Birds of Africa, 215.

Sidgwick, Henry, Death of, 668.

Smith on the Teaching of Elementary Mathematics, 550.

SMITH, L. W., Poetry and Science, 546.

Solar Eclipse, 224, 560, FRANK H. BIGELOW, 1; of May 28, 1900, S. P. LANGLEY, 302.

Solidification of Hydrogen, 220.

Sound Waves, Photography of, R. W. WOOD, 354.

Spencer and Gillen on the Native Tribes of Central Australia, 218.

Sperber’s Inorganic Chemistry, 213.

Stark, on Birds of South Africa, 215.

Stars, Chapters on the, SIMON NEWCOMB, 227, 376, 500, 638.

State Support and Individual Gifts, 334.

STEARNS, ROBERT E. C., Antiquity of the Chewing Gum Habit, 549.

Stokes, Sir George, Memoirs Presented to, 327.

Suess’s Das Antlitz der Erde, 551.

Summer Schools, University, 447, 556.

Sun, Total Eclipse of the, FRANK H. BIGELOW, 1.

Sun’s Destination, HAROLD JACOBY, 191.

SWAIN, G. F., Technical Education in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 257.

Taka-Diastase, 102.

Tait’s Scientific Papers, 327.

Tamalpais, Mount, Marsden Manson, 69.

Thoughts for the Times, 99.

TROWBRIDGE, M. E. D., Meetings of the American Association, 660.

Tropics, Conquest of the, GEORGE G. GROFF, 540.

Tunnels, Ventilation of, 101.

TURNER, SIR WILLIAM, Address of the President before the British Association, 561.

Universities, American, Endowment of, 333.

University Summer Schools, 447.

Variation, the Quantitative Study of, 445.

Ventilation of Tunnels, 101.

VICKERY, JAMES HARRIS, International Law and the Peace Conference, 76.

WALCOTT, CHARLES D., Washington as Explorer and Surveyor, 323.

Walker’s Introduction to Physical Chemistry, 213.

War, Civil, The Negro since the, N. S. SHALER, 29.

Warfare, Some Scientific Principles of, WILLIAM J. ROE, 605.

Washington as Explorer and Surveyor, CHARLES D. WALCOTT, 323.

Whipple on the Microscopy of Drinking Water, 554.

Wilson on the Cell, 330.

Winking, 103.

WOOD, R. W., Photography of Sound Waves, 354.

Wood’s Holl Marine Biological Laboratory, 555.

WOODWARD, R. S., Portrait of, 338; Work of, 442.

Working Classes, Expenditure of the, HENRY HIGGS, 527.

WYNKOOP, HUBERT S., Gas and Gas Meters, 179.

Zeppelin’s Air Ship, 559.

Zoölogy, 214, 440.

Transcribers’ Notes

Punctuation, hyphenation, and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in this book; otherwise they were not changed.

Simple typographical errors were corrected; occasional unbalanced quotation marks retained.

Ambiguous hyphens at the ends of lines were retained.

Text uses both “angakok” and “angakut”; both retained.

Page 561: Footnote ‘A’ was not referenced in the text; Transcriber attributed it to the title of the article.

Page 564: Transcriber’s transliteration of Greek text shown in {curly braces}.

Page 575: “milkrosomen” was printed that way.

Page 577: Text uses both “Quan-si” and “Quansi”; both retained.

Page 580: “grewsome” was printed that way.

Page 588: “where in 1861” was printed that way, but likely is a misprint, perhaps for “1681”, as the next paragraph says that the plague disappeared from Europe in the eighteenth century.

Pages 601, 602: use both “Vallee” and “Vallée”; both retained.

Page 645: “Moreever” was printed that way.

Pages 669, 672: “Wood’s Holl” was spelled that way when this issue of the magazine was published.

Page 672: Missing page reference “76” added to “Vickery” entry, based on examination of the May, 1900 issue.

The other five issues of Volume 57 also are available at Project Gutenberg. The eBook numbers are 47219, 47227, 47238, 47261, and 47281.