volume III, 1912, pages 266–303.

]

PLANTS.

1. Weldon, Northampton Co., Wicomico. 2. Dupree Landing, Edgecombe Co., Chowan. 3. Seven Springs, Wayne Co., Chowan?. 4. Four Oaks, Johnson Co., Coharie. 5. Fayetteville, Cumberland Co., Coharie. 6. Wade, Cumberland Co., Sunderland?. 7. Williamston, Bertie Co., Pamlico. 8. 10 miles below Newbern, Craven Co., Pamlico. 9. Southport, New Hanover Co., Pamlico?.

MOLLUSKS.

1. Dismal Swamp, Gates Co., Pamlico?. 2. Belhaven, Beaufort Co., Pamlico?. 3. Newbern, Craven Co., Pamlico?. 4. 16 miles below Newbern, Craven Co., Pamlico?. 5. Fort Fisher, New Hanover Co., Pamlico?. 6. Carolina Beach, New Hanover Co., Pamlico?. 7. Near Southport, New Hanover Co., Pamlico?. 8. Ft. Caswell, New Hanover Co., Pamlico?. 9. Swanquarter, Hyde Co., Pamlico?.

MAMMALS.

1. Rocky Mound, Nash Co., Sunderland. Mastodon. 2. Tarboro, Edgecombe Co., Wicomico. Mastodon. 3. Plymouth, Washington Co., Pamlico?. Horse. 4. —— Wilson Co., ——? Mastodon. 5. —— Pitt Co., Wicomico? Mastodon, horse. 6. Goldsboro, Wayne Co., Sunderland or Wicomico. Mastodon. 7. 16 miles below Newbern, Craven Co., Pamlico. Horse mastodon, etc. 8. Maysville, Jones Co., Pamlico. Mastodon. 9. Duplin Co., Wicomico or Sunderland. Mastodon. 10. Jacksonville, Onslow Co., Chowan? Mastodon. 11. Harlowe, Carteret Co., Pamlico Co. Mastodon, elephant. 12. Elizabethtown, Bladen Co., Sunderland or Wicomico. Horse. 13. —— Pender Co., Chowan or Wicomico. Mastodon. 14. 10 miles below Wilmington, New Hanover Co., Chowan? Mastodon, elephant.

INDEX

Abbott, C. C., 132, 246

Aberdeen, Mississippi, 234

Abingdon, Virginia, 113, 189

Academy Natural Sciences Phila., 64, 242

Accomac Co., Virginia, 28, 29, 352

Acipenser sturio, 311

Adams, A. L., 181

Adams, C. C., 33

Adams, J. D., 339

Adams Co., Illinois, 335; Mississippi, 40, 125, 180, 200, 208, 233, 264, 280

Addison Point, Maine, 23

Adelonycteris fuscus, 398

Adrian, Michigan, 80, 227, 237, 275, 331

Ænocyon, 14; A. ayersi, 366, 382, 395; A. dirus, 32, 187, 228, 257, 322, 334, 365, 404; A. mississippiensis, 337

Aëtobatis narinari, 382, 383

Aftonian horizon, 2, 7, 8, 10, 11; in Alabama, 385; in Florida, 373, 381, 383; in Indiana, 33; in Long Island, 295; in New Jersey, 301, 302; in Ohio, 330; in Pennsylvania, 317; in South Carolina, 367; in Tennessee, 400; in Wisconsin, 344

Aftonian stage, 15, 33, 283, 302, 367, 372, 379, 384

Aftonius, 14

Agassiz, L., 148

Agriotherium, 15; A. schneideri, 380

Alabama, 40; Elephas imperator in, 164; Equidæ in, 200; extinct bisons in, 264; geology of, 384; mastodons in, 124; Xenarthra in, 40

Alabama River, 385

Alachua clays, 15, 121, 224, 232

Alachua Co., Florida, 37, 121, 195, 206, 211, 224, 232, 262, 375

Alachua formation, 10, 375, 378

Alachua phosphates, 15

Alafia River, Florida, 123, 197, 379

Albany, New York, 266

Albany Co., New York, 56

Alce americanus, 311

Alces americanus, 311, 336, 337, 338, 364, 403, 404; A. runnymedensis, 363, 364

Alden, W. C., 110, 306, 340

Alden and Leighton, 12, 142

Alexander Co., Illinois, 140

Allegan Co., Michigan, 83

Allegany Co., Maryland, 189, 204, 220; New York, 60, 226, 236

Alleghany Co., Virginia, 114

Allegheny Co., Pennsylvania, 69, 150, 168

Allen, F. R., 37, 122, 194

Allen, G. M., 266, 292

Allen, J. A., 24, 230, 240, 246, 248, 251, 261, 264, 269, 270, 271, 402

Allen Co., Indiana, 95, 174

Alligator, 122; A. mississippiensis, 363, 375, 381, 382; A. sp. indet., 350

Alma, Michigan, 85

Almero Farm, Florida, 37, 122, 194, 375

Alton, Illinois, 12, 14, 33, 102, 187, 219, 254, 259, 279, 336, 337

Aluco pratincola, 382

Amanda, Ohio, 71

Amaranth, Ontario, 130

Amboy, Ohio, 137, 150, 329

Ameiurus nebulosus, 311

American Museum Natural History, 51, 56, 58, 79, 97, 101, 107, 139, 140, 160, 163, 197, 198, 201, 263

Amherst College, 58

Ami, H. M., 22, 45, 287

Amiatus calvus, 336, 382

Amiurus atrarius, 311

Amphicyon, 2

Amphiuma means, 382

Amyda sp. indet., 353

Anancus, 2, 14, 15

Anaptogonia hiatidens, 312

Anderson, Indiana, 93

Anderson, Netta C., 103, 104, 105, 109, 110, 176, 177, 240, 337

Andrews, E. B., 169

Andrews Island, Maine, 23

Anita, Arizona, 15

Annan, R., 53

Ann Arbor, Michigan, 228, 237, 275, 331

Anodonta, species, 303

Anomodon snyderi, 34, 218, 219, 343

Ansonia, Ohio, 74

Antilocapra, 337; A. americana, 9, 343.

Aphelops, 9, 15; A. longipes, 211, 375, 376, 377; A. malacorhinus, 211; A. sp. indet., 8, 9, 380

Appalachian Mountains, 351

Appomattox formation, 14

Arcadia, Florida, 39, 124, 160, 163, 198, 208, 233, 264, 380, 381

Arcadia marls, Florida, 15

Archer, Florida, 37, 195, 206, 211, 224, 232, 375

Arctodus pristinus, 363

Arctomys monax, 310, 311

Arctotherium, 315; A. haplodon, 312, 313, 321

Ardea herodias, 382; A. sellardsi, 382; A. sp. indet., 382

Arden, New York, 50

Ardley, E., 18

Arkona Lake, 88

Armadillos, 5

Artediellus atlanticus, 287

Arvicola riparius, 310

Ashland, Illinois, 141

Ashley, F. W., 167

Ashley, Indiana, 95

Ashley River, South Carolina, 11, 15, 35, 118, 192, 242, 363

Asia, connection with, 3

Asphalt beds, California, 15, 33

Ashtabula Co., Ohio, 137, 150

Atractosteus lapidosus, 375

Attica, Indiana, 92; Michigan, 276, 331; New York, 61

Atwater, C., 72, 75

Atwood, Illinois, 177

Atwood, W. W., 7

Auchenia, 9, 195; A. major, 224; A. minima, 38, 158, 224; A. minor, 224

Auglaize Co., Ohio, 227

Augusta Co., Virginia, 190, 221

Aurora, Illinois, 109; Indiana, 91

Baddeck, Cape Breton Island, 46

Bagg, R. M., 106, 107, 110, 268

Bailey, T. L., 42, 394

Baird, S. F., 320, 321

Baker, F. C., 103, 104, 176, 230, 303, 333, 334

Baker, P. L., 154

Balænoptera, sp. indet., 19, 159

Balmville, New York, 52

Baltimore Co., Maryland, 112

Bancroft, Michigan, 86

Bannister, H. M., 109, 279

Barada, Michigan, 83

Barbour, E. H., 152

Bartholomew Co., Indiana, 172, 251

Barton, B. S., 63, 69, 114, 119, 128, 155, 168, 223

Bartow, Florida, 180

Bertram, J., 128

Bartsch, P., 383

Bassariscus astutus, 314

Batavia, Illinois, 110, 240, 269; New York, 61

Bath Co., Virginia, 114

Bay Co., Michigan, 84

Bear, 209, 268, 395

Beaucoup, Illinois, 101

Beaufort, South Carolina, 15, 35, 118, 155, 191, 363, 366

Beaufort Co., South Carolina, 35, 118, 155, 191

Beaver, 43, 56, 268, 280, 285, 334, 337

Beaverdam, Pennsylvania, 133, 323

Beaver Lake, Indiana, 96, 252, 334

Beaver River, Pennsylvania, 355

Bechdolt, A. F., 112

Bedford, Pennsylvania, 69

Bedford Co., Pennsylvania, 69

Beecher, C. E., 60

Beecher, Illinois, 107, 241

Beede, J. W., 217

Beetles in Port Kennedy Cave, 317

Belding, Michigan, 215, 331

Bell, R., 130, 166, 235

Bellevue, Michigan, 81

Beluga catodon, 18; B. vermontana, 19, 20

Belvidere, New York, 60

Benedict, Maryland, 220, 347

Bensley, B. A., 256

Berea, New York, 53

Bering Sea, 3

Berkeley Co., South Carolina, 119, 162, 367

Berkeley River, South Carolina, 156

Berks Co., Pennsylvania, 69

Berrien Co., Michigan, 82, 137, 171, 275

Berry, E. W., 188, 383, 385

Berwick, Pennsylvania, 69, 324

Beverly, Ohio, 169, 327

Bexar Co., Texas, 14

Bic, Quebec, 21

Bigbone Cave, Tennessee, 41

Bigbone Lick, Kentucky, 43, 128, 146, 160, 181, 202, 209, 234, 243, 255, 265, 270, 401

Biggin Swamp, South Carolina, 119, 156, 162, 367

Big Twin Creek, Kentucky, 161

Biloxi formation, 384, 385

Bison, 24, 109, 175, 188, 237, 337; B. alleni, 256; B. americanus, 256, 257, 310; B. antiquus, 14, 34, 257, 258, 260, 265, 403; B. appalachicolus, 249; B. bison, 249, 257, 266, 267, 268, 270, 292, 295, 298, 304,310, 403, 404; B., extinct species in North America, 256; B. latifrons, 14, 68, 159, 160, 184, 197, 199, 233, 248, 256, 257, 259, 260, 261, 263, 264, 265, 268, 269, 328, 363, 364, 379, 384, 391, 392, 393, 404; B. occidentalis, 14, 259, 265; B. regius, 15; B. sp. indet., 32, 38, 41, 122, 157, 158, 160, 187, 200, 204, 228, 257, 258, 259, 262, 263, 264, 312, 313, 321, 334, 339, 342, 343, 347, 352, 353, 359, 363, 370, 371, 374, 376, 378, 379, 381, 382, 385, 398, 406; B. sylvestris, 32, 257

Black spruce, 85

Black Warrior River, Alabama, 385

Blackwelder, W., 111

Bladen Co., North Carolina, 190

Blainville, H. M., 88, 90

Blair Co., Pennsylvania, 31, 69, 185, 203, 214, 227, 321

Blanchard, C. A., 177

Blanco fauna, 2

Blanco formation, 1, 15

Blarina, 316; B. brevicauda, 350; B. brevicauda peninsulæ, 382; B. simplicidens, 312; B. sp. indet., 322, 353

Blatchley, W. S., 99, 100, 107, 174, 239

Bloomfield, Illinois, 106

Bloomington moraine, Illinois, 107, 110, 138, 238, 335

Bluelick Springs, Kentucky, 44, 128, 182, 234, 243, 255, 271, 405

Bluemounds, Wisconsin, 111, 219, 270, 341

Bluff formation in Mississippi, 387

Bodine, D., 92, 99, 173

Bogue Chitto, Alabama, 124, 164, 200, 385

Bolivar Co., Mississippi, 124

Bond Co., Illinois, 187

Bondville, Illinois, 253

Bone Valley formation, 10, 378

Bone Valley phosphates, 15

Boone Co., Indiana, 277, 334; Kentucky, 128, 146, 160, 181, 202, 209, 234, 243, 255, 265, 270, 400, 401, 402

Boonville, New York, 236

Boötherium, 14, 96; B. bombifrons, 255, 322, 403; B. cavifrons, 254, 391; B. sargenti, 83, 331; B. sp. indet., 252

Borden, W. W., 89, 91

Borophagus, 2

Bos, 41, 175, 262; B. bombifrons, 255; B. pallasii, 255; B. sp. indet., 312

Bovidæ, 312

Bovina, Mississippi, 125

Bowers, Indiana, 92

Bowling Township, Rock Island Co., Illinois, 104

Boyd, C. H., 23

Brachylagus browni, 9

Brachyprotoma putorius, 322

Bradley, F. H., 60, 96, 106, 108, 252

Brevard Co., Florida, 159, 196

Brevoort, J. C., 49

Brewster, Florida, 197, 211

Bridgeton formation, New Jersey, 15, 299, 301

Briggs, C., 78, 168

Briggs and Foster, 147, 168

Brighton, Ohio, 74

Brimley, H. H., 115, 116, 117, 145

Bringhurst, Indiana, 152

Bristol, Connecticut, 48; Tennessee, 209, 394

Britton, N. L., 47

Broadhead, G. C., 268

Brooke Co., West Virginia, 254

Brookfield, Pennsylvania, 133

Brookville, Indiana, 90, 172; Pennsylvania, 324

Brooklyn Institute, New York, 52

Brookton, New York, 57

Broome Co., New York, 57

Brown, B., 12, 38, 44, 97, 159

Brown, S., 223, 406

Brown Co., Ohio, 257

Brownhelm Township, Lorain County, Ohio, 79

Brunswick, Georgia, 11, 15, 20, 36, 120, 193, 243, 261, 280

Brunswick Canal, Georgia, 36, 157, 193, 370

Bryant, W. L., 131

Buchanan, Michigan, 82, 171, 331

Buckley, E. R., 343

Bucks Co., Pennsylvania, 237, 246, 267

Bucyrus, Ohio, 78

Buffalo, 102, 111, 219, 229, 240 (See Bison bison)

Buffalo, New York, 63, 131

Bullville, New York, 53

Bureau Co., Illinois, 105

Burlington Co., New Jersey, 64, 227, 245

Burlington Heights, Ontario, 166, 167, 235, 285

Bush, N. D., 80

Butler Co., Ohio, 71, 135

Byron, Illinois, 105

Bystra, H. G., 158

Cairo, Illinois, 140

Calhoun Co., Illinois, 175

Caloosahatchee River, Florida, 15, 40, 163, 380, 384

Calvenia, Florida, 198, 380

Calvert Co., Maryland, 189, 220, 259

Calvin, S., 11

Cambridge City, Indiana, 238

Cambridge, Illinois, 104

Camden, Indiana, 238; New Jersey, 184

Camden Co., New Jersey, 184, 301

Camelidæ, 5, 224, 312; in Florida, 224; in Pennsylvania, 224; in Tennessee, 225

Camelops, 14, 15, 377; C. sp. indet., 43, 225, 363, 364, 382, 395, 399

Camels, 7, 11

Camelus, 14, 15

Campbell, M. R., 322, 354

Campbell Co., Kentucky, 182

Canastota, New York, 272

Canidæ, 312

Canimartes, 2

Canis, 15; C. armbrusteri, 350; C. dirus, 204, 312, 314; C. floridanus, 365; C. indianensis, 312, 314; C. latrans, 9, 334, 337, 342, 343; C. lupus, 310; C. lycaon, 310; C. mississippiensis, 341, 342, 343; C. nubilus, 9, 337, 342, 343; C. occidentalis, 341, 343, 365; C. primævus, 32; C. priscolatrans, 312, 322; C. riviveronis, 382; C. sp. indet., 9, 321, 350, 363, 366, fig. 19, 382; C. virginianus, 310

Cannon, G. H., 86

Cannonsburg, Michigan, 83

Canton, Ohio, 80, 170

Cape Breton Island, 289; mastodons in, 46

Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 15, 266

Capelin, 23

Cape May, 304

Cape May formation, 66, 299, 301

Caranx, 383; C. hippos, 382; C. sp. indet., 382

Carcharodon sp. indet., 370

Caretta caretta, 382, 383

Carey, Ohio, 78

Cariacus virginianus, 231

Caribou, 112, 244, 344

Carleton Co., Ontario, 17

Carlisle, Pennsylvania, caves near, 320

Carmichaels formation, 322

Carroll Co., Indiana, 152, 277

Carteret Co., North Carolina, 117, 145, 179

Case, E. C., 87, 250

Caseilla, Mississippi, 124

Cass Co., Illinois, 141; Indiana, 97, 278

Castor, 128; C. canadensis, 295, 299, 310, 311, 312, 339, 348, 363, 395; C. fiber, 310, 311, 312, 353; C. sp. indet., 8, 350

Castoridæ, 312

Castoroides, 14, 81, 94, 128, 169, 327, 400; in eastern North America, 272; in Georgia, 280; in Illinois, 278; in Indiana, 276; in Michigan, 275; in Mississippi, 280; in New York, 272; in Ohio, 273; in Pennsylvania, 272; in South Carolina, 279; in Tennessee, 280

Castoroides ohioensis, 43, 70, 72, 175, 227, 237, 238, 295, 299, 310, 329, 337, 339, 363, 370, 392, 393, 395

Catawba, Ohio, 74

Cathartes aura, 382; C. aura septentrionalis, 382

Caton, J. D., 229

Cattaraugus Co., New York, 62, 226

Cave deposits, 14

Cavetown, Maryland, 14, 189, 220, 231, 348

Caviidæ, 5

Cedar, red, 72

Celina moraine, 326

Center Lisle, New York, 57

Cervalces, 13, 14, 107, 241, 283, 284, 336; C. borealis, 226; C. roosevelti, 338, 339; C. scotti, 207, 306, 403, 404; C. sp. indet., 229, 321, 352

Cervidæ, 225, 234, 312

Cervus americanus, 207; C. canadensis, 235; 247, 295, 299, 304, 310, 311, 337, 338, 342, 347, 363, 364, 395, 403, 404; in Florida, 243; in Georgia, 243; in Illinois, 239, 240; in Maryland, 242; in Michigan, 237; in New Jersey, 237; in North Carolina, 242; in Ontario, 235, 284, 285; in Pennsylvania, 237; in South Carolina, 242; in Vermont, 235; in Wisconsin, 241; C. sp. indet., 8, 370, 398; C. tarandus, 247; C. virginianus, 230, 233, 247, 310, 311, 391; C. whitneyi, 343.

Cetaceans in eastern North America, 17; in Florida, 20; in Georgia, 20; in New Brunswick, 19; in North Carolina, 20; in Ontario, 17; in South Carolina, 20; in Vermont, 19; Pleistocene, 17

Chadd’s Ford, Pennsylvania, 133

Chætodipterus faber, 381

Chalfants, Ohio, 215, 328

Chalmers, R., 289

Chamberlin and Salisbury, 7, 341, 389, 392

Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, 69, 168, 324

Champaign Co., Illinois, 33, 106, 152, 253, 268; Ohio, 74, 249

Champlain Lake, Vermont, 235

Champlain Sea, 22, 285, 291

Champlain stage, 286

Chapman, E. J., 45

Charles Co., Maryland, 188, 220

Charleston, South Carolina, 11, 20, 29, 35, 118, 155, 162, 192, 231, 242, 260, 279, 363; Illinois, 279; Indiana, 91

Charleston Co., South Carolina, 118, 155, 162, 192, 205, 221, 231, 242, 260, 279

Charleston Museum, South Carolina, 30, 35, 162, 192, 232, 260

Charlotte, Vermont, 20

Charlotte Co., Florida, 263; New Brunswick, 19

Charlotte moraine, 81, 83, 137, 330

Chasmaporthetes, 15; C. ossifragus, 9

Chatham Co., Georgia, 120, 157, 194, 262

Chattanooga, Tennessee, 43

Chautauqua, New York, 63

Chautauqua Co., New York, 236, 267

Chelonia couperi, 370; C. mydas, 382, 383

Chelydra laticarinata, 382; C. sculpta, 382; C. serpentina, 310, 311, 347

Chemung Co., New York, 58, 149, 167

Cheney, T. A., 63

Chesapeake Beach, Maryland, 189, 220, 259, 347, 348

Cheshire, Connecticut, 47

Chester, Illinois, 101, 175; New York, 50; Pennsylvania, 133

Chicago, Illinois, 337; Ohio, 136

Chicago Heights, Illinois, 153

Chillicothe, Illinois, 153

Chittenden Co., Vermont, 20, 167

Chlamytherium, 15, 159; C. septentrionale, 38,39, 40, 376, 379, 381, 382

Chowan formation, 29, 356

Christian Co., Illinois, 175

Christina, Florida, 380

Cristivomer namaycush, 112, 344

Church, Michigan, 80

Cincinnati, Ohio, 71, 169, 185

Circleville, Ohio, 75, 170

Cistudo clausa, 310, 311

Citellus tuitus, 9

Citra, Florida, 121, 158

Citrus Co., Florida, 158, 196, 225

City Point, Virginia, 113

Claiborne Co., Mississippi, 125

Clapp, F. G., 290, 322

Clark, W., 401

Clark, W. B., 345, 351, 355

Clark and Miller, 15, 29, 113

Clark Co., Indiana, 91; Kentucky, 255; Ohio 74, 136

Clarke, J. M., 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 107, 226, 266

Claverack, New York, 55

Claypole, E. W., 32, 71

Clayton, Michigan, 81

Clear Spring, Maryland, 113, 349

Clemmys insculpta, 312, 322; C. percrassa, 312

Cleveland, Ohio, 79, 136, 170

Climate of Don beds, Ontario, 282; of Scarboro beds, Ontario, 283

Clinton Co., Ohio, 214, 273

Clubfoot and Harlowe Canal, 117, 179

Clyde, New York, 272

Coastal Plain, Atlantic, 13, 351; in Alabama, 384; in Florida, 372; in Georgia, 368; in North Carolina, 29, 355; in South Carolina, 361

Coeymans, New York, 56

Cohansey sands, 300

Coharie formation, 356

Cohoes, New York, 56; pot-holes, 296

Colbert Co., Alabama, 40

Coldenham, New York, 52

Coleman, A. P., 46, 147, 166, 167, 226, 244, 281, 283

Coleraine, Massachusetts, 47

Coles Co., Illinois, 279

Collett, J., 73, 92, 96, 106, 171, 172, 173, 17 228, 276, 277

Coluber acuminatus, 312, 314; C. sp. indet., 314

Colubridæ, 312

Columbia, Tennessee, 181, 395, 399

Columbia Co., Florida, 121; New York, 55; Pennsylvania, 69

Columbiana Co., Ohio, 70, 135, 186, 203, 215, 325

Columbus, Ohio, 186, 214, 330

Columbus Grove, Ohio, 77

Conard fissure, Arkansas, 12, 14

Conewango, New York, 62

Connecticut, geology of, 292; mastodons in, 47; Rangifer in, 244

Connecticut River, 294

Connersville, Indiana, 173

Conrad, T. A., 64, 117, 190, 191, 359

Cook, C. C., 266

Cook, G. H., 65, 66, 67, 68

Cook Co., Illinois, 110, 153, 177, 230, 240

Coon Valley, Wisconsin, 259

Cooper River, South Carolina, 119, 156, 162, 363

Cooper, Smith, and DeKay, 202

Cooper, W., 36, 44, 146, 181, 243, 255. 270, 401, 402

Coosa River, Alabama, 385

Coosaw River, South Carolina, 35

Cope and Wortman, 218, 228, 258

Cope, E. D., 9, 11, 31, 43, 63, 64, 69, 154, 166 184, 185, 190, 203, 213, 217, 218, 220, 221, 228, 237, 242, 256, 258, 267, 301, 312, 316, 317, 318, 353, 354, 377

Copeland, M., 24

Copenhagen, New York, 56

Copley, O. N., 78

Coquina, Florida, 15

Core Creek, North Carolina, 358

Cornwall, Ontario, 18

Corriganville, Maryland, 14, 189, 204, 220, 349

Cortland Co., New York, 149

Cottle, T., 147, 148

Cottus uncinatus, 287

Couper, J. H., 36, 157, 261, 262, 369, 370

Covington, Indiana, 92; Virginia, 114; West Virginia, 354

Cox, E. T., 100, 172, 175

Crawford Co., Ohio, 78; Pennsylvania, 150, 168; Wisconsin, 111

Cricetidæ, 312

Crocodile, 207

Crocodylus sp. indet., 350, 352, 370

Croom, H. B., 117, 231, 359

Crotalus adamanteus, 382; C. horridus, 348; C. sp. indet., 314, 353

Crown Point, Indiana, 140

Cryptobranchus sp. indet., 322, 353

Cryptotis floridana, 382

Crystal Hill Cave, Pennsylvania, 213, 237

Cuba, New York, 226, 236

Cumberland Co., Maine, 24

Currituck Co., North Carolina, 29

Curry, J. C., 64

Cushing, H. P., 136

Cuvier, G., 69, 71, 119, 181

Cuyahoga, Ohio, 136

Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, 79, 170

Cyclopterus lumpus, 23, 287

Cystophora cristata, 26; C. proboscidea, 26

Dachnowski, A., 76

Dade Co., Florida, 384

Dall, W. H., 10, 38, 121, 195, 199, 224, 232, 360, 361, 380, 384

Dall and Harris, 361

Dallas Co., Alabama, 124, 164, 200

Dalton, Indiana, 94

Dana, J. D., 163, 244

Dandridge, Tennessee, 127, 209, 223, 395

Dane Co., Wisconsin, 111, 219

Danglade, E., 138

Danville, Indiana, 92

Darke Co., Ohio, 73, 136, 170, 274

Darlington, South Carolina, 193, 232, 366

Darlington Co., South Carolina, 119, 193, 232

Darton, N. H., 260

Dasyatis hastata, 363; D. sp. indet., 370

Dasypodidæ, 5

Dasypus sp. indet., 38, 39, 378, 382

Dauphin Co., Pennsylvania, 185

Davenport Academy Sciences, 149

Davidson Co., Tennessee, 43, 127, 201, 225, 395, 396

Davis, C. A., 85, 111

Davis, J., 100

Dawson, J. W., 17, 18, 19, 22, 45, 46, 281, 288

Daxon, A., 104

Dayton, Ohio, 72, 135

Daytona, Florida, 20, 122, 158

Deal, New Jersey, 227, 237

Dearborn Co., Indiana, 91

Decatur Co., Indiana, 92

Decker mastodon, 81, 275

Defiance moraine, 88, 330

Deer, 43, 81, 103, 109, 117, 127, 187, 204, 225, 226, 237, 337, 358, 393, 399

Deirochelys floridana, 379

DeKalb Co., Indiana, 95

DeKay, J. E., 29, 49, 59, 61, 62, 131, 235, 245

DeKay, Van Rensselaer, and Cooper, 65

De Land, Florida, 378

Delaware Co., Indiana, 174; Pennsylvania, 133

Delphinapterus leucas, 17, 18, 19, 20, 284, 288; D. sp. indet., 289; D. vermontanus, 17, 18, 20, 284, 288

Delphinid sp. indet., 381

Denham, Indiana, 96

Dennis, D. W., 252

Dennison, Virginia, 190

De Soto Co., Florida, 39, 124, 160, 198, 208, 233, 264

Deussen, A., 15

Dickeson, M. W., 40, 125, 264, 389

Dicotyles fossilis, 221; D. lenis, 219, 222, 341, 342; D. nasutus, 213, 216, 221; D. pennsylvanicus, 213, 214, 310; D. torquatus, 220, 221, 341

Didelphis virginiana, 363, 382

Dinobastis, 14

Diodon sp. indet., 381

Dismal Swamp, North Carolina, 15; mollusks, of, 351; in Virginia, 360

Disputanta, Virginia, 352

District of Columbia, 16; Equidæ in, 188; geology of, 344, 348; Elephas sp. indet. in, 178

Dixon, S., 318

Don formation, Ontario, 167, 226, 256, 281

Don River, Ontario, 167

Dorr, Michigan, 83

Dover, Wisconsin, 110, 340

Drayton, J., 119

Drennon Springs, Kentucky, 129

Driftless area, Wisconsin, 259, 341

Dryer, C. R., 95, 174

Drymarchon corais couperi, 382

Dubois Co., Indiana, 88

Dubuque, Iowa, 342

Duchouquet Township, Auglaize Co., Ohio, 76

Dudley, J., 55

Dufferin Co., Ontario, 130

Duke, A., 130

Dumbbell Harbor, Grinnell Land, 21, 244, 248

Duncan Falls, Ohio, 135, 327

Dunn Co., Wisconsin, 111, 230, 247

Dunnellon, Florida, 15, 38, 122, 158, 162, 196, 207, 211, 223, 225, 263; formation, 10

Dunnville, Ontario, 46

DuPage Co., Illinois, 109, 177, 279

Duplin Co., North Carolina, 115, 179, 357

Durham Cave, Pennsylvania, 237, 311

Dutchess Co., New York, 55

Duval Co. Florida, 122, 157, 232, 262, 374

Dwight, W. B., 55

Eager, S. W., 52, 53, 54, 55

Earle, C. J., 159, 197, 233, 379

Earlham College, Indiana, 94, 139, 229, 238, 252, 277

East Coldenham, New York, 53

East Lynn, Illinois, 107

East Saginaw, Michigan, 171, 331

East St. Louis, Illinois, 101

Eaton Co., Michigan, 81, 137, 171

Eaton moraine, 326

Eaton Rapids, Michigan, 137, 331

Eau Claire, Michigan, 82

Eau Gallie, Florida, 159, 196, 380

Eddings Island, South Carolina, 35

Edgar Co., Illinois, 106

Edgecombe Co., North Carolina, 117

Edisto River, South Carolina, 363

Edom, Virginia, 114

Edwards, J. J., 172

Edwards, T., 167

Elephant, 374, 401

Elephantidæ, 5, 312

Elephants, 5, 7, 11, 16

Elephas, 14; E. americanus, 69, 131, 144, 168, 178; E. columbi, 11, 38, 122, 146, 163, 164, 166, 172, 174, 180, 181, 194, 196, 197, 199, 200, 233, 235, 262, 263, 264, 293, 295, 299, 302, 305, 322, 323, 329, 334, 347, 348, 357, 363, 366, 370, 371, 374, 375, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 384, 392, 393, 403; in Florida, 157; in Georgia, 157; in Illinois, 152; in Indiana, 151; in Kentucky, 160; in Maryland, 154; in Michigan, 151, 331; in New Jersey, 149; in New York, 149; in North Carolina, 155; in Ohio, 150; in Ontario, 147, 284; in Pennsylvania, 150; in South Carolina, 155; in Vermont, 148; in West Virginia, 155

Elephas jacksoni, 161, 168, 169, 327

Elephas imperator, 11, 14, 15, 124, 157, 162, 165, 180, 200, 283, 363, 364, 367, 376, 379, 380, 381, 383, 384, 385, 393; in Alabama, 164; in Florida, 145, 162; in South Carolina, 162

Elephas primigenius, 36, 59, 98, 100, 135, 151, 154, 165, 166, 167, 169, 172, 181, 182, 247, 251, 259, 261, 277, 283, 284, 295, 299, 302, 304, 306, 322, 323, 324, 327, 328, 334, 340, 347, 348, 353, 358, 379, 391, 395, 396, 403; in Kentucky, 146; in Illinois, 140; in Indiana, 138; in Maryland, 144; in Michigan, 137, 331; in New York, 131; in New Jersey, 132; in Not America, 130; in North Carolina, 145; in Ohio, 134, 329; in Ontario, 130, 284, 285; in Pennsylvania, 133; in Tennessee, 146; in Wisconsin, 143

Elephas sp. indet., 166, 354, 358, 384, 395, 399; in District of Columbia, 178; in Florida, 179; in Illinois, 175; in Indiana, 171; in Kentucky, 181; in Maryland, 178; in Michigan, 171, 331; in Mississippi, 180; in New York, 167; in North Carolina, 179; in Ohio, 168; in Ontario, 166; in Pennsylvania, 168; in Tennessee, 181; in Ungava, 166; in Vermont, 167; in Virginia, 178; in West Virginia, 179; in Wisconsin, 178

Elgin Co., Ontario, 45

Elizabeth, Illinois, 269

Elizabethtown, North Carolina, 190, 357

Elk, 81, 102, 108, 109, 117, 226, 228, 229, 235, 237 (See Cervus canadensis)

Ellenton, Florida, 379

Ellenville, New York, 54

Ellis, H., 88

Ellis, R. W., 91

Elmira, New York, 58, 149

Elrod and Benedict, 98, 174, 229, 239

Elroy, Tennessee, 41, 395, 397

Elsie, Michigan, 84

Emerson, B. K., 290

Eminence, Kentucky, 182

Emmons, E., 116, 118, 149, 167, 190, 191, 226, 235, 360

Emydidæ, 312

Englewood moraine, 326

Englishtown, New Jersey, 65, 305

Eptesicus fuscus, 310

Equality, Illinois, 175

Equidæ, 5, 312; in Alabama, 200; in District of Columbia, 188; in Eastern North America, 183; in Florida, 194; in Georgia, 193; in Illinois, 187; in Indiana, 186; in Kentucky, 202; in Maryland, 188; in Massachusetts, 183; in Mississippi, 200; in New Jersey, 184; in New York, 183; in North Carolina, 190; in Ohio, 185; in Pennsylvania, 184; in South Carolina, 191; in Tennessee, 201; in Virginia, 189; in West Virginia, 190

Equus, 9, 14, 15, 372; E. americanus, 186, 193, 200, 391; E. caballus, 190; E. complicatus, 32, 33, 43, 68, 159, 160, 184, 185, 186, 187, 189, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 204, 208, 217, 228, 233, 256, 257, 263, 265, 283, 302, 308, 312, 313, 328, 330, 348, 352, 353, 359, 363, 366, 370, 379, 380, 382, 392, 393, 395, 403, 404, 406; E. curvidens, 193, 202; E. excelsus, 8; E. fraternus, 38, 158, 160, 184, 185, 191, 192, 193, 196, 198, 199, 201, 264, 302, 312, 313, 362; E. giganteus, 9, 183, 189, 348; E. idahoensis, 8; E. leidyi, 43, 124, 127, 158, 159, 165, 188, 189, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 222, 224, 225, 233, 263, 283, 313, 348, 357, 360, 362, 363, 370, 371, 376, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 384, 385, 392, 393, 394, 395, 399; E. littoralis, 159, 193, 195, 197, 199, 201, 232, 233, 263, 364, 370, 376, 379, 380, 381, 382, 395, 396; E. major, 68, 183, 187, 192, 198; E. niobrarensis, 190, 354; E. occidentalis, 9; E. pectinatus, 185, 187, 312, 313; E. princeps, 199; E. scotti, 194; E. sp. indet., 9, 41, 158, 196, 202, 292, 295, 298, 301, 305, 310, 322, 339, 350, 352, 354, 375, 376, 399; E. tau, 193, 199

Equus beds, 378

Equus zone, 11

Ereptodon priscus, 41, 392, 393

Erethizon dorsatum, 310, 311, 312, 313, 316, 348, 398; E. sp. indet., 321

Erethizontidæ, 312

Erie basin, 296

Erie, New York, 63; Pennsylvania, 70, 324

Erie Co., New York, 131; Ohio, 78; Pennsylvania, 70, 133, 168

Eschatius, 14

Essex Co., New Jersey, 66; Ontario, 45

Etchegoin-Tulare, 15

Euelephas jacksoni, 147

Euchœrus macrops, 223

Eutænia sirtalis, 311

Evanston, Illinois, 177, 230

Evansville, Indiana, 32, 186, 203, 228, 257, 334, 405

Everglades, Florida, 163

Evolution of Pleistocene vertebrates, 5

Extinct bisons in Alabama, 264; in Florida, 262; in Georgia, 261; in Illinois, 259; in Indiana, 257; in Kentucky, 265; in Maryland, 259; in Mississippi, 264; in Ohio, 257; in Ontario, 256; in Pennsylvania, 256; in South Carolina, 260; in Virginia, 259; in Wisconsin, 259

Extinction of Pleistocene vertebrates, 6

Fairchild, H. L., 47, 49, 56, 58, 131, 147, 281, 285, 290, 291, 294, 297, 298

Fairmount, Illinois, 106; Indiana, 139, 277

Fairmount Township, Grant Co., Indiana, 93

Falconer, H., 165

Farancia abacura, 382

Farmington, Connecticut, 48; New York, 236

Farr, M. S., 132

Fauquier Co., Virginia, 178

Fayette Co., Illinois, 187; Indiana, 173; Kentucky, 129, 210; Ohio, 74

Fayetteville, Tennessee, 128

Felidæ, 5, 312

Felis, 2, 14; F. atrox, 265, 391; F. canadensis, 310; F. couguar, 337, 348; F. eyra, 312, 314; F. inexpectata, 312, 316; F. veronis, 382; F. sp. indet., 321, 376

Fellsmere, Florida, 122, 159, 381

Fenneman, N. M., 71, 135, 169, 328

Fenton, Michigan, 86

Ferguson, W. L., 126

Fiber zibethicus, 311

Fielden, H. W., 244, 248

Fielden and De Rance, 21, 244, 248

Field Natural History Museum, 118

Fincastle, Ohio, 257, 328

Fisher, G. J., 245

Fisher, R. L., 126

Fish House, New Jersey, 15, 184

Fish House beds, New Jersey, 301, 302

Fite, C. F., 98, 278

Flora in Alabama, 385; Don beds, Ontario, 282; Port Kennedy cave, Pennsylvania, 317; Scarboro beds, Ontario, 283; Vero, Florida, 383

Florida, 37; Camelidæ in, 224; Cervus canadensis in, 243; cetaceans in, 20; Elephas columbi in, 157; Elephas imperator in, 145, 162; Elephas sp. indet. in, 179; Equidæ in, 194; extinct bisons in, 262; geology of, 372; mastodons in, 121; Odocoileus in, 232; rhinoceroses in, 211; Tagassuidæ in, 222; Tapiridæ in, 206; Xenarthra in, 37

Floyd Co., Indiana, 89

Foote, E. A., 81

Foresman, Indiana, 239

Fort Jefferson, Ohio, 73, 170

Fort McArthur, Ohio, 76

Fort Wayne, Indiana, 95

Fort Wayne moraine, 250, 276

Fort White, Florida, 121, 374

Forshey, C. G., 41, 391

Foshay, P. M., 290

Fossil Lake, Oregon, 1, 10, 11, 15

Fossil plants, 56

Foster, J. W., 78, 101, 102, 106, 117, 119, 135, 168, 169, 179, 273, 391

Fountain City, Indiana, 238

Fountain Co., Indiana, 92

Fowlerville, New York, 60

Francisville, Indiana, 140

Franklin Co., Indiana, 90, 172; Massachusetts, 47; Ohio, 75, 186, 214; Pennsylvania, 69, 168

Frankstown, Pennsylvania, 31, 69, 185, 203, 214, 227, 321

Freehold, New Jersey, 65, 304; New York, 55

Frontenac Co., Ontario, 235

Fry, A., 97

Fuller, M. L., 25, 290, 292, 295

Fuller and Clapp, 71, 258

Fulton, Indiana, 97

Fulton Co., Illinois, 176; Indiana, 97, 140

Gadsden Co., Florida, 121, 374

Gainesville, New York, 212

Galena, Illinois, 34, 178, 218, 269, 336, 337

Galeocerdo sp. indet., 370, 381

Galera macrodon, 220

Galesburg, Illinois, 176

Galien, Michigan, 83

Gallatin Co., Illinois, 100, 175, 278

Gallinago sp. indet., 314

Galva, Illinois, 142

Galveston Bay, Texas, 15

Gardiner clays, Long Island, New York, 14, 290

Gardiner, Maine, 23, 24, 25

Gasterosteus aculeatus, 287

Gay Head, Massachusetts, 14, 25, 26, 183

Geauga Co., Ohio, 170

Genesee Co., Michigan, 86; New York, 61

Geneseo, New York, 60

Geology of Pleistocene epoch, 281

Geomys bursarius, 339, 343

Georgetown, District of Columbia, 188

Georgia, 15, 36; Castoroides in, 280; Cervus canadensis in, 243; cetaceans in, 20; Elephas columbi in, 157; Equidæ in, 193; extinct bisons in, 261; geology of, 368; mastodons in, 120; Tapiridæ in, 206; Xenarthra in, 36

Germantown, Ohio, 71, 274

Germantown moraine, 326

Giant beaver, 7, 13, 334

Gibbes, R. W., 120, 179, 193, 194

Gibson Co., Indiana, 89, 90, 216, 334

Gidley, J. W., 20, 97, 120, 178, 189, 192, 193, 204, 206, 219, 220, 221, 250, 262, 280, 349, 350, 370

Gilbert, G. K., 11, 56, 76, 77

Gillmor, J. A., 78

Gilmore, C. W., 80, 81

Gilpin, J. B., 19

Girard, Pennsylvania, 168

Glencoe, Illinois, 110

Glengarry Co., Ontario, 18

Glenn, L. C., 394

Globicephala bæreckeii, 20, 378

Gloucester, New Jersey, 184

Gloucester Co., New Jersey, 63

Glynn Co., Georgia, 36, 120, 193, 243, 261, 280

Glyptodon, 14, 15, 39; G. petaliferus, 39, 381; G. rivipacis, 40, 381; G. sp. indet., 364

Glyptodons, 5

Glyptotherium, 2, 4, 15

Goat Island, New York, 62

Goldsboro, North Carolina, 115, 359

Goldthwait, J. W., 288, 290

Godman, J. D., 50, 53, 66, 155

Gomphotherium, 2, 14, 15, 376, 393; G. floridanum, 15, 37, 120, 121, 122, 123, 195, 196, 375, 376, 380; G. rugosidens, 118, 120, 370; G. sp. indet., 380

Goose Creek, South Carolina, 363

Gopherus polyphemus, 382; G. præcedens, 383

Gordon, R., 52, 53

Gosport, Indiana, 172

Graculus idahoensis, 8

Graham, J. G., 52, 53

Grand Isle, Vermont, 235

Grand Ledge, Michigan, 171, 331

Grand Rapids, Michigan, 250

Grand River, Michigan, 137

Grand River moraine, 137

Grant and Burchard, 341

Grant Co., Indiana, 93, 139, 277; Wisconsin, 111

Grant, U. S., Prof., 177

Granville, Ohio, 75

Gratiot, Michigan, 85

Grasses, 72

Gray, A., 67

Grayson, Nebraska, 1, 11, 15

Graysville, Pennsylvania, 133, 322

Green, H. A., 60

Greenbrier Co., West Virginia, 34, 221

Greencastle, Indiana, 91

Green Co., Pennsylvania, 133, 150

Greendell, New Jersey, 68, 306

Greene, G. K., 129

Greene Co., Illinois, 187; New York, 55, 56, 168, 226; Pennsylvania, 322

Greenfield, Indiana, 277

Greenland, 244, 248

Green Oak, Michigan, 81

Greensburg, Indiana, 92

Green Township, Summit Co., Ohio, 80

Greenville, New York, 56, 168, 191, 226, 359; Ohio, 73, 274

Grinnell Land, musk-oxen in, 248; Pinnipedia in, 21; Rangifer in, 244

Grison macrodon, 220, 347

Ground hog, 337

Grove City, Florida, 263

Grovertown, Indiana, 278

Grundy Co., Illinois, 108

Guernsey, J. A., 59

Guilford, Indiana, 91

Gulo luscus, 312, 316, 350

Habersham, J. E., 36, 120, 194, 262

Hackettstown, New Jersey, 67, 306

Hager, A. D., 19

Haldimand Co., Ontario, 46

Hale Co., Alabama, 200, 264

Halifax Co., Virginia, 190

Hall, J., 56, 59, 60, 62, 66, 168, 226, 236, 272, 280, 297

Hamblen Co., Tennessee, 201, 209, 223

Hamilton, Ontario, 147, 166, 235, 285

Hamilton Co., Indiana, 173; Ohio, 71, 135, 169, 185; Tennessee, 43, 201, 209

Hammond formation, Alabama, 385

Hamptonburg, New York, 53

Hancock Co., Illinois, 103, 335; Indiana, 277

Hardee Co., Florida, 38, 160, 198

Hardin Co., Ohio, 76

Harlan, R., 36, 41, 43, 44, 117, 120, 129, 156, 162, 178, 179, 188, 191, 255, 358

Harlanus, 261

Harlowe, North Carolina, 117, 179

Harper, Illinois, 105; Ohio, 75

Harris, G. D., 386, 389

Harrison Co., Indiana, 258; Kentucky, 129

Harrisville, Indiana, 228, 238, 334

Harrisonville, Kentucky, 128; New Jersey, 63

Hartford, Indiana, 91

Hartford Co., Connecticut, 48

Hartman’s Cave, Pennsylvania, 185, 213, 227, 237, 246, 272, 308

Hartnagel, C. A., 132, 212

Hartsdale, New York, 50

Hartt, C. F., 57

Hartwell moraine, 90, 274

Harvard University, 60

Harvey’s, Pennsylvania, 133, 322

Hatcher, J. B., 37, 254

Hawkins Co., Tennessee, 127, 201, 222, 394

Hay, O. P., 32, 88, 90, 156

Hayden, F. V., 101

Hayden, H. H., 154

Hayes, S., 71, 185

Haymond, R., 90, 172

Hays, I., 54, 209

Hebron, Indiana, 99, 252, 334

Hidden, W. S., 28

Heidelberg University, Ohio, 123

Heilprin, A., 317, 384

Henderson, Kentucky, 44, 234, 405

Henderson Co., Illinois, 152; Kentucky, 234

Hendricks Co., Indiana, 92

Hendry, F. H., 40

Hennessy, J. C., 164

Henry Co., Illinois, 104, 142, 154; Indiana, 94; Kentucky, 129

Herkimer Co., New York, 236

Hernando, Florida, 196, 225

Herodias egretta, 382

Hesperomys leucopus, 310, 312

Heyner’s Bridge, Georgia, 120

Hickory, Pennsylvania, 70, 323

Hicks, L. E., 75

Highgate, Ontario, 45

Higley, W. K., 110, 230

Hildreth, S. P., 70, 75, 80, 170, 231, 273

Hilgard, E. W., 125, 254, 387, 391

Hill, C. C., 70

Hillsboro Co., Florida, 38, 123, 159, 197, 208, 379

Hillsboro River, Florida, 38, 379

Hillsdale Co., Michigan, 80

Hindostan, Indiana, 89

Hinds Co., Mississippi, 124

Hinsdale, New York, 62, 226

Hipparion, 2, 9, 15, 191, 376, 377, 393; H. ingenuum, 196, 199, 375, 381; H. minus, 197, 380; H. plicatile, 37, 121, 196, 375, 376; H. sp. indet., 121, 195, 196, 376, 380; H. venustum, 363

Hippopotamus, 261

Hippotherium ingenuum, 195, 196; H. plicatile, 196; H. princeps, 198, 199; H. relictum, 9

Hitchcock, Edward, 19, 47, 148, 167

Hitchcock, Edward jr., 19, 58

Hodgson, W. B., 36, 120, 194

Holder, Florida, 158

Holland, W. J., 31, 69, 95, 203, 214, 227, 321

Holley, New York, 62

Hollick, A., 48, 345

Holmes, F. S., 35, 118, 155, 192, 231, 232, 242, 361, 363, 364

Holmes, J. A., 361

Holmes Co., Ohio, 32

Holomeniscus, 9

Homer, Illinois, 268; New York, 149

Homo sapiens, 379

Honeyman, D., 19

Hooded seal, 26, 293

Hoopeston, Illinois, 106

Hope, New Jersey, 68, 306

Hoplophoridæ, 5

Horr, Ella, 47

Horse, 117, 122, 127, 261, 295, 324, 327, 333, 334, 358, 367, 374, 378, 385, 405 (See Equus)

Horses, 7, 11, 13, 16, 66, 93, 159, 263, 336, 362 (See Equidæ)

Hot Springs, Virginia, 114

Howell, Michigan, 81

Huard, V. A., 21

Hubbard, Bela, 82

Hubbard, O. P., 48

Hudson River, 294, 296

Human remains, 381, 390

Hunt, C. A., 135

Hunt, J. G., 59

Hunter, T. W., 44, 128, 182, 243, 271, 405

Hurd, A., 104, 176

Huron Co., Ohio, 31, 136, 257

Hyænidæ, 5

Hyænognathus, 15

Hydrochœrus, 14, 15; H. æsopi, 363; H. pinckneyi, 363, 364, 365, fig. 18; H. robustus, 382

Idaho, 15

Idaho formation, 8, 15, 377, 378

Ilingoceros, 15

Illinoian drift, 12, 328, 339, 340; in Illinois, 335; in Indiana, 333; on Long Island, 295; in New England, 290; in Ohio, 324, 325, 326

Illinoian ice-sheet, 332

Illinoian stage, 2, 7, 12, 14, 393; in Illinois, 335; in Indiana, 333; in New England, 290; in Ohio, 324, 325, 326; on Long Island, 295; in Kentucky, 400, 402

Illinois, 14, 33; Bison bison in, 268; Castoroides in, 278; Cervus canadensis in, 239; Elephas columbi in, 152; Elephas primigenius in, 140; Elephas sp. indet. in, 175; Equidæ in, 187; extinct bisons in, 259; geology of, 334; mastodons in, 100; musk-oxen in, 253; Odocoileus in, 229; Rangifer in, 246; Tagassuidæ in, 218; Xenarthra in, 33

Illiopolis, Illinois, 102

Indian Creek Township, Pulaski Co., Indiana, 97

Indiana, 14, 32; Bison bison in, 268; Castoroides in, 276; Cervus canadensis in, 238; Elephas columbi in, 151; Elephas primigenius in, 138; Elephas sp. indet. in, 171; Equidæ in, 186; extinct bisons in, 257; geology of, 331; mastodons in, 88; musk-oxen in, 251; Odocoileus in, 228; Tagassuidæ in, 216; Tapiridæ in, 203; Xenarthra in, 32

Indianapolis, Indiana, 92

Inland Waterway Canal, Florida, 37, 122, 157, 158; North Carolina, 117, 145

Insects in Scarboro beds, Ontario, 283; in Port Kennedy Cave, Pennsylvania, 317

Interglacial deposits, 283

Inwood, New York, 49

Ionia Co., Michigan, 215

Iowa, 2, 15

Iowan drift, 343

Iowan loess, 336

Iowan stage, 14, 283

Irondequoit River, 131

Iroquois beach, 285

Iroquois Co., Illinois, 106

Ischyrhiza mira, 363

Ischyrosmilus sp. indet., 8

Istiophorus robustus, 363

Isobases in glaciated region, 291

Isurus sp. indet., 381

Ithaca, New York, 57

Ivanhoe, Virginia, 14, 34, 190, 204, 221, 231, 260

Jabiru weillsi, 382

Jackson, J. B. S., 67

Jackson, Mississippi, 124

Jackson Co., Florida, 121, 374; Indiana, 89; Michigan, 151; Ohio, 147, 168

Jackson Township, Miami Co., Indiana, 98; Wood Co., Ohio, 78; York Co., Pennsylvania, 69, 324

Jacksonburg, Indiana, 94

Jacksonville, North Carolina, 116, 358

Jaquet River, New Brunswick, 289

Jamaica, New York, 49

Jameco gravels, 14

James Bay, Canada, 166

Jamestown, New York, 63, 236, 267; Indiana, 277

Jasper County, Indiana, 96, 174, 239, 268

Jay County, Indiana, 95, 238

Jefferson Co., Indiana, 138; Kentucky, 129; Mississippi, 125; Tennessee, 127, 209, 223

Jefferson, T., 34, 161, 255

Jeffries Reef, New Hampshire, 25

Jelly, S., 130

Jersey, Ohio, 136

Jerseyan drift, 14

Jo Daviess Co., Illinois, 34, 178, 218, 269

Johns Island, South Carolina, 192, 363

Johnson, F., 86

Johnston, W. A., 22, 287, 288

Jones, A. C., 114

Jones, L., 79

Jones and Orahood, 92

Jones Co., North Carolina, 116

Juliette, Florida, 121

Kalamazoo moraine, 330

Kamms, Ohio, 136

Kane Co., Illinois, 109, 110, 240, 269

Kankakee Lake, Indiana, 278; Kankakee Marsh, Indiana, 96, 97, 100

Kansan drift, 12, 339, 340, 344; in Illinois, 335; in New England, 290; in New Jersey, 300; in Ohio, 324

Kansan stage, 2, 7, 8, 14, 302, 307, 323, 355

Katz, F. J., 290

Keenes Station, New York, 183

Kemp, J. E., 142

Kendall Co., Illinois, 109, 143, 229, 240, 269

Kennebec Co., Maine, 23

Kent Co., Michigan, 83

Kenton Co., Kentucky, 128

Kent Scientific Museum, Michigan, 83, 250

Kentucky, 43; Bison bison in, 270; Cervus canadensis in, 243; Elephas columbi in, 160; Elephas primigenius in, 146; Elephas sp. indet. in, 181; Equidæ in, 202; extinct bisons in, 265; geology of, 400; mastodons in, 128; musk-oxen in, 255; Odocoileus in, 234; Rangifer in, 247; Tapiridæ in, 209; Xenarthra in, 43

Kewanee, Illinois, 142

Kimmswick, Missouri, 12, 14

Kings Co., New York, 49

Kingsford, Florida, 159, 196, 379

Kingsport, Tennessee, 394

Kingston, Ontario, 235

Kirsch, A. M., 100

Kishacoquillas Station, Pennsylvania, 69

Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, 27, 29, 360

Klippart, J. H., 70, 71, 74, 75, 76, 79, 186, 214

Klipstein, L. F., 119

Knapp, G. N., 300

Knopf, A., 7

Knowlton, S. D., 124

Knox Co., Illinois, 104; Indiana, 90, 258; Maine, 23

Knoxville, Ohio, 227; Tennessee, 127, 395

Kosciusko Co., Indiana, 278

Kost, J., 275

Kouts, Indiana, 100, 239

Kümmel, H. B., 28, 300

Labelle, Florida, 40, 163, 199, 264

La Brea, California, 15

Lafayette formation, 14, 16, 345, 347, 356, 386, 391

Lagomys palatina, 312

Lagrange, Indiana, 99

Lagrange Co., Indiana, 99

Lagrange moraine, 99

Lake Algonquin, 87, 171

Lake Bonneville, 11

Lake-border moraines in Michigan, 83, 330

Lake Champlain, 20, 22, 291

Lake Chicago, 333

Lake Co., Indiana, 99, 140, 174, 239

Lake George, New York, 132

Lake Iroquois, 131

Lake Lahontan, Nevada, 15

Lake Lundy, 87

Lake Maumee, 78, 81, 86, 87, 88, 171, 276, 326, 333

Lake Rouge, 87

Lake Saginaw, 276

Lake Warren, 79, 84, 87, 326, 329

Lake Wayne, 87

Lake Whittlesey, 136

Laketon, Indiana, 98, 218

Lambe, L. M., 17, 22, 147

Lamna sp. indet., 370

Lanark Co., Ontario, 17

Lane, A. C., 81, 82, 83, 86, 137, 171

Lane’s Creek, Maryland, 112, 349

Langford, G., 107, 108, 109, 229, 240, 241, 269, 337

Lansing moraine, 171

Lapeer Co., Michigan, 276

Lapham, I. A., 83

Larix laricina, 85

Larus vero, 382; L. sp. indet., 382

LaSalle Co., Illinois, 229

Lathrop, S. P., 105

Lavaca Bay, Texas, 15

Lawrence Co., Indiana, 217

Lawrenceburg, Indiana, 91

Lawson, P. V., 340

Lea, I., 303

Lead region, Illinois, 240; Wisconsin, 230, 342

Le Baron, J. F., 163

Le Conte, J. L., 218, 278

Leda clays, 14, 287, 288, 289

Ledoux, A. R., 28, 31

Lee, C. A., 52

Leech, A. F., 86

Lee Co., Florida, 40, 163, 199, 383; Illinois, 153; South Carolina, 119, 367

Leidy, J., 26, 29, 32, 34, 35, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 68, 116, 117, 118, 119, 125, 133, 144, 155, 157, 160, 164, 168, 184, 185, 186, 187, 191, 192, 193, 195, 196, 203, 204, 206, 207, 208, 209, 211, 213, 216, 221, 223, 224, 227, 228, 232, 233, 237, 242, 245, 246, 249, 254, 256, 257, 260, 263, 264, 265, 267, 268, 269, 272, 278, 279, 309, 359, 361, 362, 363, 364, 369, 375, 380, 391

Leidy and Lucas, 375

Leighton, M. M., 142, 339

Lemont, Illinois, 230

Lenawee Co., Michigan, 80, 227, 237, 275

Lepisosteus osseus, 363, 366; L. platystomus, 382

Lepomis sp. indet., 336

Leporidæ, 312

Leptochœrus, 14

Lepus americanus, 350, 395; L. benjamini, 9; L. sp. indet., 321, 350; L. sylvaticus, 310, 311, 312, 343

Leroy, New York, 61

Leverett, F., 12, 13, 88, 89, 93, 94, 95, 97, 98, 99, 104, 105, 110, 134, 139, 140, 142, 143, 152, 169, 174, 175, 177, 230, 249, 250, 251, 253, 258, 274, 278, 283, 292, 307, 324, 327, 330, 331, 333, 334, 335, 355, 400, 402

Leverett and Taylor, 81, 82, 83, 84, 87, 171, 278, 284

Levy Co., Florida, 37, 121, 195, 211, 224, 375

Lewis Co., New York, 56

Lewis and Kümmel, 67, 300

Lewis and Wright, 307

Lewiston, New York, 132

Liberty Township, Putnam Co., Ohio, 77

Licking Co., Ohio, 75, 136

Lima moraine, 326

Lincke, F. A., 32

Lincoln Co., Ontario, 46, 147, 166; Tennessee, 128

Lindemuth, A. C., 136, 170

Lindgren, 7

Line, I. E., 60

Linton, E., 70, 133, 135

Lisbon, Ohio, 70, 215, 328

Litchfield, Connecticut, 48

Little Charles Apopka Creek, Florida, 163

Little River, Florida, 121

Little Salt Creek, Ohio, 168

Livingston Co., Kentucky, 129; Michigan, 81; New York, 60, 236

Lockwood, S., 65, 66

Lodi, New York, 58

Loess, 14; in Mississippi, 389, 390; in Tennessee, 394; in Wisconsin, 341

Logan Co., Ohio, 75

Logan, W. E., 22, 62, 147, 167, 284, 288

Logansport, Indiana, 278

London, Ontario, 45

Lone Pine, Pennsylvania, 133, 323

Lone Rock, Wisconsin, 111

Long Branch, New Jersey, 12, 15, 26, 28, 31, 65, 304, 306

Long Island, New York, 14, 295, 296, 298; Ungava, 166

Lookout Mountain, Tennessee, 43, 201, 209, 395, 396

Loomis, F. B., 58, 118, 119

Loramie moraine, 326

Los Angeles, California, 15

Losantville, Indiana, 94

Louisiana, 386

Louisville, Kentucky, 129

Lowell, Indiana, 99

Lucas, F. A., 52, 112, 144, 154, 166, 212, 345

Lucas Co., Ohio, 77, 78

Ludlow, Kentucky, 128

Lull, R. S., 48, 54, 74

Lump-sucker, 23

Lutra canadensis, 382; L. rhoadsii, 312, 314

Luzerne Co., Pennsylvania, 68, 184, 248, 256, 308

Lyell, C., 24, 25, 26, 36, 56, 60, 62, 67, 71, 120, 125, 169, 193, 270, 328, 370, 371, 390, 401

Lynx calcaratus, 312, 316; L. canadensis, 310; L. ruffus, 314, 363, 364; L. ruffus floridanus, 382; L. sp. indet., 350

Macedon, New York, 58

Mace’s Bay, New Brunswick, 19

Machairodontinæ, 5

Machairodus floridanus, 38, 224; M. gracilis, 312

Mackinaw trout, 112

Macomb Co., Michigan, 86, 171

Macon Co., Illinois, 102, 229, 239, 269

Macrochelys floridana, 381

MacCurdy, H. M., 85

Macy, Indiana, 97, 278

Madison, J., 113, 114

Madison, Indiana, 138; Wisconsin, 111

Madison Co., Illinois, 33, 102, 187, 219, 254, 259, 270, 279; Indiana, 93, 277; New York, 272

Mahan, West Virginia, 254

Mahoning Co., Ohio, 249

Maine, 14; Pinnipedia in, 23

Mallotus villosus, 23, 287, 288

Mammoth Ravine, Natchez, Mississippi, 390

Mammut, 14, 15, 45, 327

Mammut americanum, 11, 43, 60, 68, 75, 112, 113, 117, 118, 121, 122, 123, 126, 128, 156, 160, 162, 165, 189, 193, 200, 232, 253, 256, 260, 262, 265, 283, 295, 298, 304, 312, 321, 327, 328, 337, 338, 339, 342, 343, 347, 350, 352, 353, 354, 357, 358, 360, 363, 366, 370, 371, 374, 375, 376, 378, 379, 381, 382, 384, 385, 392, 393, 395, 396, 401, 403

Mammut americanum in Alabama, 124; Cape Breton Island, 46; Connecticut, 47; Florida, 121; Georgia, 120; Illinois, 100; Indiana, 88, 334; Kentucky, 128; Maryland, 112; Massachusetts, 47; Michigan, 80; Mississippi, 124; New Jersey, 63, 301, 304; New York, 48, 296; North Carolina, 115; Ohio, 45, 73, 329; Ontario, 45, 284; Pennsylvania, 68, 323, 324; South Carolina, 118; Tennessee, 127; Virginia, 113; West Virginia, 115; Wisconsin, 110

Mammut progenium, 45, 71, 107, 116, 118, 123, 126, 359, 360, 363, 364, 380

Manasquan, New Jersey, 304

Manatee, Florida, 379

Manatee Co., Florida, 145, 159, 164, 197, 222, 233, 263, 379

Manatee River, Florida, 164

Manatus antiquus, 375

Manchester, Michigan, 250, 331

Manigault, G. E., 35

Manito, Illinois, 103, 253

Mannetto gravels, 15

Mannington Township, Salem Co., New Jersey, 63

Manse, G. C., 184

Mansfield, W. C., 383

Mantanzas, Florida, 158

Maple, H. B., 77

Maple Park, Illinois, 110

Marburg, Ontario, 45

Marcy, Ohio, 230

Marianna, Florida, 121, 374

Marine fossils in Ontario, 286, 291

Marine mollusks, 16, 357; in North Carolina, 358, 360; Portland, Maine, 24; South Carolina, 362; in Talbot, 351; at Vero, Florida, 383

Marion Co., Florida, 38, 121, 122, 158, 162, 196, 207, 224, 225, 233, 262, 263, 378; Illinois, 102; Indiana, 92

Marlboro, New Jersey, 65

Marmota, 397, 398; M. arizonæ, 9; M. monax, 310, 311, 339, 343, 348, 350, 353, 395

Marsh, O. C., 11, 34, 54, 56, 214, 259, 338

Marshall Hall, Maryland, 188, 348

Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts, 15, 26, 183

Martin, C. C., 143

Martin, D. S., 49

Martin Co., Indiana, 89, 172

Maryland, 16; Cervus canadensis in, 242; Elephas columbi in, 154; Elephas primigenius in, 144; Elephas sp. indet. in, 178; Equidæ in, 188; extinct bisons in, 259; geology of, 344; mastodons in, 112; Odocoileus in, 230; Tapiridæ in, 204; Tagassuidæ in, 260

Mason Co., Illinois, 103, 253; West Virginia, 190

Massillon, Ohio, 80

Massachusetts, 14, 25; Bison bison in, 266; Equidæ in, 183; mastodons in, 47; Pinnipedia in, 25

Mastodon, 36, 43, 111, 184, 208, 219, 225, 226, 233, 240, 265, 269, 274, 289, 308, 312, 323, 344, 349, 354, 355, 362, 399 (See Mammut)

Mastodon floridanus, 121, 195; M. giganteus, 48, 118, 120, 261, 390, 391; M. maximus, 54, 119; M. mirificus, 8; M. obscurus, 118

Mastodons, 16, 45, 48, 294, 306, 331, 390; in Alabama, 124; in Cape Breton Island, 46; in Connecticut, 47; in Florida, 121; in Georgia, 120; in Illinois, 100; in Indiana, 88; in Kentucky, 128; in Michigan, 80; in North Carolina, 115; in New Jersey, 63; in New York, 48, 296; in Maryland, 112; in Massachusetts, 47; in Mississippi, 124; in Ohio, 70; in Ontario, 45; in Pennsylvania, 68; in South Carolina, 118; in Tennessee, 127; in Virginia, 113; in West Virginia, 115; in Wisconsin, 110 (see Mammut)

Mather, C., 53, 55, 66

Mather, K. F., 7

Mather, W. W., 147, 168

Mathers, M. F., 172

Matson, G. C., 372, 384, 385

Matson and Clapp, 15

Matthew, G. F., 21

Matthew, G. W., 289

Matthew, W. D., 92, 97, 224, 377

Maury Co., Tennessee, 181

Maxwell, J. B., 67

Maysville, North Carolina, 116, 358

McAdams, W., 12, 34, 102, 175, 187, 246, 254, 259, 270, 279, 338

McCallie, S. W., 127, 394, 396

McCaslin, D. S., 95, 238

McGee, W. J., 14, 16, 125, 180, 356, 368, 389, 391

McKay, C. L., 83

McKinney, C. B., 92

McQuiston, R., 84

Meadville, Pennsylvania, 168

Medina Co., Ohio, 79

Megalonyx, 2, 4, 11, 14, 15, 31, 32, 33, 42, 128, 175, 187, 217, 233, 265, 280, 313, 333, 334, 391, 398, 400, 405; M. dissimilis, 34, 41, 352, 353, 391, 392, 393; M. jeffersonii, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 125, 204, 228, 234, 257, 269, 336, 339, 343, 353, 354, 363, 366, 367, 381, 382, 385, 390, 391, 392, 393, 395, 399, 403, 405; M. laqueatus, 42, 44; M. loxodon, 31, 312, 313; M. scalper, 31, 312; M. sp. indet., 38, 40, 321; M. tortulus, 31, 312; M. wheatleyi, 31, 312

Megalonyx zone, 11

Megaptera, boöps, 17, 19, 284, 288; M. longimana, 17

Megatheriidæ, 5, 312

Megatherium, 9, 12, 14, 15, 35, 36, 37, 66, 150, 157, 172, 232, 243, 261, 304, 367, 372, 380, 392; M. mirabile, 28, 31, 37, 38, 362, 363, 369, 370, 371, 375; M. sp. indet., 121

Meleagridæ, 312

Meleagris altus, 312; M. gallopavo, 310, 311; M. superbus, 312; M. sylvestris, 310, 311; M. sp. indet., 321

Memphis, Tennessee, 43, 128, 280, 395, 400

Menomonie, Wisconsin, 111, 230, 247, 343

Menomonie formation, Wisconsin, 344

Mephitis fossidens, 312; M. leptops, 312; M. mephitica, 310, 311; M. obtusa, 312; M. orthostica, 312; M. putida, 310, 311, 312, 314; M. sp. indet., 321

Mercer, H. C., 42, 43, 209, 223, 256, 309, 316, 317, 318, 319, 396, 397, 398, 399

Mercer Co., Kentucky, 202; New Jersey, 64, 132, 246, 267, 304

Mergus serrator, 336

Merriam, C. H., 56, 183, 184, 236

Merriam, J. C., 15

Metaxytherium floridanum, 379

Metis, Quebec, 19

Miami Co., Indiana, 97, 98, 278; Ohio, 74

Miami River, Florida, 384

Michigan, Castoroides in, 275; Cervus canadensis in, 237; Elephas columbi in, 151; Elephas primigenius in, 137; Elephas sp. indet. in, 171; geology of, 330; mastodons in, 80; musk-oxen in, 250; Odocoileus in, 227; Tagassuidæ in, 215

Mickleborough, J., 52

Microtus chrotorrhinus, 350; M. dideltus, 312; M. diluvianus, 312; M. involutus, 312; M. pennsylvanicus, 310, 348, 395; M. sp. indet., 343; M. speothen, 312

Middle River, Cape Breton Island, 46

Middlesex Co., Ontario, 45, 235

Middleton, W. G., 258

Middletown, New Jersey, 149

Mifflin Co., Pennsylvania, 69, 213

Milan, Illinois, 104

Miller, A. M., 210, 223, 405

Miller, B. L., 178, 351, 355, 356

Miller, G. S., 5, 314

Miller, J. W., 115

Millersburg, Ohio, 32

Millport, Ohio, 135

Mills, W. C., 70, 74, 80, 135, 215, 273

Milroy, Pennsylvania, 213, 324

Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 143, 340

Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin, 241

Milwaukee Public Museum, 110, 111, 241

Minoa, New York, 131

Miocene, 10

Missinaibi River, Ontario, 46

Mississinawa moraine, 95, 96, 330

Mississippi, 40; Castoroides in, 280; Elephas sp. indet. in, 180; Equidæ in, 200; extinct bisons in, 264; geology of, 385; mastodons in, 124; musk-oxen in, 254; Odocoileus in, 233; Tapiridæ in, 208; Xenarthra in, 40

Mississippi River, 386

Missouri, 14

Mitchell, E., 117, 179, 358

Mitchell, Illinois, 270

Mitchellville, Maryland, 188, 348

Mitchill, S. L., 36, 50, 66, 69, 89, 113, 125, 149, 154, 184, 245, 401

Mitchill, Smith, and Cooper, 28

Mixon’s bone-bed, 121, 195, 224

Mock, M. G., 91, 93, 173, 174

Mohawk River, 296, 298

Mollusca in Hartman’s Cave, 310; in loess at Natchez, 390, 392

Mollusks, Pleistocene, 52, 82, 94, 106, 107

Monday’s Landing, Kentucky, 202, 405

Monmouth Co., New Jersey, 28, 31, 65, 149, 184, 213, 227, 237, 304

Monodon monoceros, 19, 289

Monongalia Co., West Virginia, 115

Monrovia, Indiana, 152

Monroe, New York, 50

Monroe Co., Michigan, 87; Mississippi, 234; New York, 59, 131, 212; Pennsylvania, 185, 213, 227, 237, 246, 272

Montauk drift, 290

Montcalm, Michigan, 82

Montgomery, New York, 52, 53

Montgomery Co., Indiana, 92, 173; Ohio, 71, 72, 135, 274; Pennsylvania, 31, 69, 185, 203, 213, 256

Montreal, Quebec, 17, 18, 22; geology of, 288

Montville, Ohio, 170

Moore, J., 72, 94, 258, 274, 276, 277

Moorland, Michigan, 83, 250, 331

Moose, 229 (See Alces)

Moose River, Ontario, 46

Moose River, interglacial beds, 283

Moraines in Illinois, 332

Morgan Co., Indiana, 152

Morgantown, West Virginia, 115

Morotherium leptonyx, 8

Morpeth, Ontario, 45

Morrisania, New York, 49

Morris, Illinois, 108

Morrow Co., Ohio, 75

Mosses, 72

Mossy Creek, Tennessee, 127, 395, 396

Mott’s Corners, New York, 57

Moultrie Co., Illinois, 268

Mount, H. D., 113

Mount Gilead, Ohio, 75

Mount Healthy, Ohio, 135

Mount Hermon, New Jersey, 306

Mount Holly, Vermont, 148

Mulberry, Florida, 211, 380

Mullica Hill, New Jersey, 64, 301

Muncie, Indiana, 93, 174

Muskegon Co., Michigan, 83, 250

Muskingum Co., Ohio, 70, 134, 169, 273

Musk-ox, 308, 355

Musk-oxen, 13, 248; in Grinnell Land, 248; in Illinois, 253; in Indiana, 251; in Kentucky, 255; in Michigan, 250; in Mississippi, 254; in New Jersey, 248; in Ohio, 249; in West Virginia, 254

Musk-rat, 337

Mustela diluviana, 312, 314; M. noveboracensis, 310; M. vison, 350

Mustelidæ, 312

Mycteria americana, 382

Myer, W. E., 225, 399

Myliobatis sp. indet., 381

Mylodon, 2, 4, 11, 14, 15, 36, 38, 122, 157, 209, 217, 264, 265, 333, 372; M. harlani, 31, 37, 39, 41, 43, 44, 158, 225, 312, 313, 363, 370, 371, 375, 382, 384, 391, 392, 393, 395, 399, 403; M. renidens, 43; M. sp. indet., 43, 395, 397; M. sulcidens, 43

Mylohyus, 14; M. exortivus, 220, 348, 350; M. nasutus, 213, 215, 216, 217, 220, 221, 223, 306, 312, 313, 328, 348, 353, 395; M. obtusidens, 220, 348; M. pennsylvanicus, 213, 214, 215, 220, 310, 312, 321, 350; M. setiger, 201, 223, 394, 395; M. tetragonus, 213, 312, 313; M. sp. indet., 9, 382

Myotis sp. indet., 312, 313, 350; M. subulatus, 310, 398

Myxophagus spelæus, 353

Napæozapus sp. indet., 350

Naperville, Illinois, 109, 279

Nash Co., North Carolina, 117

Nashport, Ohio, 70, 169, 273, 327

Nashville, Tennessee, 43, 127, 201, 225, 395, 399

Nassau Co., Florida, 180, 194; New York, 49

Natchez, Mississippi, 14, 40, 125, 180, 200, 208, 233, 254 264, 280, 386, 389

Natchez formation, 385, 392

National Institute, Washington, 36

Natrix sp. indet., 314

Navesink Hills, New Jersey, 66, 184, 305

Neals, Florida, 121, 195, 206, 232

Neave Township, Darke Co., Ohio, 73

Nebraska, 15

Nebraskan drift, 2, 7, 8, 10; on Long Island, New York, 295; in New England, 290

Nebraskan stage, 15, 368, 378, 380; in Florida, 374; in North Carolina, 359, 361; in Pennsylvania, 323

Needham, J. G., 110

Neelytown, New York, 53

Nelson, W. A., 127, 128

Neofiber alleni, 382

Neotoma, 397, 398; N. cinerea, 9; N. floridana, 310, 311, 353, 382; N. magister, 310, 348, 398; N. pennsylvanica, 311, 395; N. sp. indet., 350

Nepean Township, Carleton Co., Ontario, 17

Neuberts Springs, Tennessee, 127

Neuse River, North Carolina, 12, 16, 117, 179, 191, 231, 242, 358

New Albany, Indiana, 89

New Antrim, New York, 50

New Berlin, Ohio, 136

New Bern, Alabama, 200, 264, 385

Newbern, North Carolina, 12, 20, 116, 179, 191, 231, 242, 358

Newberry, J. S., 79, 170

Newberry, Florida, 195; formation, 372

Newberry Lake, 298

Newberry Terrace, Florida, 375

New Britain, Connecticut, 48

New Brunswick, cetaceans in, 19; geology of, 289; Pinnipedia in, 21

Newburgh, New York, 51

New Dorp, New York, 48

New England, geology of, 290; post-Wisconsin uplift, 290

New Hampshire, 25; glaciation of, 290; Pinnipedia in, 25

New Hanover Co., North Carolina, 155

New Harmony, Indiana, 88

New Haven, Connecticut, 244

New Haven Co., Connecticut, 47, 244

New Holland, Ohio, 74

New Hudson, New York, 236

New Jersey, 13, 14, 15, 26, 31

New Jerseyan drift, 15

New Jersey, Bison bison in, 267; Cervus canadensis in, 237; Elephas columbi in, 149; Elephas primigenius in, 132; Equidæ in, 184; geology of, 299; mastodons in, 63; musk-oxen in, 248; Odocoileus in, 226; Rangifer in, 245; Tagassuidæ in, 213; Xenarthra in, 31

New Knoxville, Ohio, 274

New Madison, Ohio, 73

New Milford, Illinois, 105

New Paris, Ohio, 72

New River, Virginia, 353

New Salisbury, Ohio, 203, 328

Newport, Kentucky, 182

Newton Co., Indiana, 96, 239, 252

New Windsor, New York, 51

New York, 14; Bison bison in, 266, 267; Cervus canadensis in, 235; Castoroides in, 272; Elephas columbi in, 149; Elephas primigenius in, 131; Elephas sp. indet. in, 167; Equidæ in, 183; geology of, 294; mastodons in, 48; Odocoileus in, 226; Rangifer in, 245; Tagassuidæ in, 212

New York City, 50

New York Co., New York, 183

New York State Museum, 50

Niagara, New York, 62

Niagara Co., New York, 62, 132

Niagara Falls, interglacial beds, 283, 285

Niantic, Illinois, 102, 229, 239, 269

Nicholas Co., Kentucky, 44, 128, 182, 234, 243, 271

Nipissing Co., Ontario, 266

Niver, Roe, 31

Noble Co., Indiana, 95

Noblesville, Indiana, 173

Norfolk Co., Ontario, 45

North Bay, Ontario, 266

North Carolina, 15, 29; Cervus canadensis in, 242; cetaceans in, 20; Elephas columbi in, 155; Elephas primigenius in, 145; Elephas sp. indet. in, 179; Equidæ in 190; geology of, 355; mastodons in, 115; Odocoileus in, 231; Pinnipedia in, 29

North Fairfield, Ohio, 31, 257

North Liberty, Indiana, 139

North Manchester, Indiana, 98

North Plainfield, New Jersey, 133, 306

Norton, A. H., 23, 24

Norton, S., 23

Notre Dame, Indiana, 100

Notre Dame University, Indiana, 100

Nova Scotia, geology of, 289; Pinnipedia in, 21

Nunda, New York, 60

Oak Park, Illinois, 177

Oberlin College, Ohio, 79, 123

Ocala, Florida, 15, 38, 158, 196, 207, 224, 233, 262, 378

Ocean Grove, New Jersey, 28

Ochotona, 316; O. palatina, 312; O. princeps, 350

Ochotonidæ, 312

Odobenus virginianus, 26; O. rosmarus, 25, 26, 28, 30, 363

Odocoileus, 9, 226, 265; O. dolichopsis, 228, 258, 334; O. lævicornis, 312, 316; O. osceola, 233, 375, 376, 381, 382; O. sellardsiæ, 232, 233, 382; O. sp. indet., 38, 41, 122, 158, 195, 196, 232, 233, 252, 262, 263, 350, 374, 378, 379, 395, 398; O. virginianus, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 238, 295, 299, 301, 306, 310, 311, 312, 313, 321, 338, 342, 347, 348, 353, 354, 363, 392, 395, 396, 403, 404; O. whitneyi, 230

Odocoileus in Florida, 232; in Illinois, 229; in Indiana, 228; in Kentucky, 234; in Maryland, 230; in Michigan, 227; in Mississippi, 233; in New Jersey, 226; in New York, 226; in North Carolina, 231; in Ohio, 227; in Ontario, 226; in Pennsylvania, 227; in Virginia, 231; in West Virginia, 231; in Wisconsin, 230

Ogden, H. B., 161

Ogle Co., Illinois, 105, 177

Ohio, 14, 31; Ohio City, 77; Ohio Co., West Virginia, 179; Ohio River, 333, 355, 400

Ohio, Castoroides in, 273; Elephas columbi in, 150; Elephas primigenius in, 134; Elephas sp. indet. in, 168; Equidæ in, 185; extinct bisons in, 257; geology of, 324; mastodons in, 70; musk-oxen in, 249; Odocoileus in, 227; Tagassuidæ in, 214; Tapiridæ in, 203; Xenarthra in, 31

Okefenokee formation, 15, 368, 369

Old Fort, Ohio, 78

Old Fort Fisher, North Carolina, 359

Olive Township, St. Joseph Co., Indiana, 100

Olivet, Michigan, 82

Olor paloregonus, 8

Ondatra sp. indet., 321; O. zibethica, 311, 348, 363

Oneida Co., New York, 236

Onondaga Co., New York, 131, 266

Onslow Co., North Carolina, 116

Ontario, 14, 22; Bison bison in, 266; Cervus canadensis in, 235; cetaceans in, 17; Elephas columbi in, 147; Elephas primigenius in, 130; Elephas sp. indet. in, 166; extinct bisons in, 256; geology of, 281; mastodons in, 45; Odocoileus in, 226; Pinnipedia in, 23; Rangifer in, 244; vertebrate fossils in, 284

Ontario Co., New York, 58, 236

Orange Co., Florida, 196, 378; Indiana, 89; New York, 50, 226, 298

Orange sand in Mississippi, 387, 388, 389

“Oregon Desert,” Oregon, 15

Orizaba, Mississippi, 200, 393

Orleans, Indiana, 89; Massachusetts, 266

Orleans Co., New York, 62

Ortmann, A. E., 303

Orton, E., 72, 274

Orycterocetus quadratidens, 370

Oryzomys palustris, 382

Osborn, H. F., 11, 52, 183

Oshkosh, Wisconsin, 270

Osmerus mordax, 287

Osmotherium spelæum, 312

Ossining, New York, 245

Otisville, New York, 54

Ottawa, Canada, fossil vertebrates at, 287

Ottawa, Illinois, 229

Ottawa East, Ontario, 17

Ottawa Co., Quebec, 22

Ottawa River, 291

Ottawa Township, Putnam Co., Ohio, 77

Otter Creek, Indiana, 138

Overpeck, Ohio, 329

Ovis mamillaris, 70, 273

Ovibos moschatus, 21, 244, 248, 249, 252, 304, 334

Ovis sp. indet., 337, 338, fig. 13

Owen, D. D., 182, 216, 234

Owen, R., 24, 25, 120

Owen Co., Indiana, 172; Kentucky, 161

Owosso, Michigan, 276, 331

Owosso moraine, 85

Oxford Neck, Maryland, 144, 154, 230, 242

Paarmann, J. A., 104

Pablo Beach, Florida, 232, 262, 374

Packard, A. S., 23, 24

Pains Creek, Florida, 123

Pakenham, Ontario, 17

Palestine, Ohio, 136

Palm Beach, Florida, 123, 160, 200, 264

Palm Beach Co., Florida, 123, 200, 264, 384

Palma Sola, Florida, 145, 159, 197, 222, 233, 263

Palmer, W., 189, 220, 259

Palmetto, Florida, 164, 197, 233, 263, 379

Palos Park, Illinois, 240

Pamlico Co., North Carolina, 179, 231, 242

Pamlico formation, 356, 360

Panton, J. H., 45, 130

Parahippus, 9, 15; P. sp. indet., 195, 196, 376

Parke Co., Indiana, 90, 173

Parkersburg, West Virginia, 115

Parker’s Landing, West Virginia, 349

Paterson, H. T., 145

Patriot, Indiana, 91

Pattison, W. D., 96

Pawpaw, Illinois, 153

Peabody, C., 189

Peace Creek, Florida, 11, 15, 124, 163, 199, 264, 380

Peace River, Florida, 164

Peale, C. W., 51, 54

Peale, R., 51, 53, 54

Peccaries, 5, 7, 13, 212, 330, 334 (See Tagassuidæ)

Peccary, 111, 209, 223, 354, 395, 401

Peet, C. E., 291, 300

Pekin, Illinois, 176

Pelycictis lobulatus, 312

Pemberton, New Jersey, 64, 227

Pender Co., North Carolina, 115, 357

Penhallow, D. P., 282, 283

Pennsylvania, 31; Bison bison in, 267; Camelidæ in, 224; Castoroides in, 272; Cervus canadensis in, 237; Elephas columbi in, 150; Elephas primigenius in, 133; Elephas sp. indet. in, 168; Equidæ in, 184; extinct bisons in, 256; geology of, 306; mastodons in, 68; musk-oxen in, 248; Odocoileus in, 227; Rangifer in, 246; Tapiridæ in, 203; Xenarthra in, 31

Penn Township, Jay Co., Indiana, 95

Pennville, Indiana, 238

Penny’s Slough, Illinois, 142

Penobscot Bay, 23

Pensacola formation, Alabama, 385; Florida, 372, 373

Pensacola terrace, Florida, 375

Pensauken, New Jersey, 65

Pensauken formation, 14, 299, 301, 302, 304

Peoria, Illinois, 13, 176

Peoria Co., Illinois, 153, 176

Peorian deposits in Ohio, 325, 326

Peorian loess, 340

Peorian soil in Indiana, 93

Peorian stage, 2, 13, 283, 335

Pepin Co., Wisconsin, 178

Perinton, New York, 59, 131

Perkins, G. H., 17, 19, 20, 244, 289

Perkinsville, New York, 59

Peromyscus leucopus, 310, 312, 350, 353

Perry Co., Ohio, 215

Perthshire, Mississippi, 124

Peru, Indiana, 98

Pesotum, Illinois, 106

Petersburg, Michigan, 87

Peterson, O. A., 34, 113, 185, 190, 231, 353

Petite Anse, Louisiana, 14, 389

Pewaukee, Wisconsin, 241

Phinney, A. J., 93, 94, 238

Phoca barbata, 21, 244, 248; P. grœnlandica, 18, 21, 22, 23, 287, 288, 289; P. hispida, 21, 244, 248; P. vitulina, 22, 287, 289

Phosphate, 10

Physeter antiquus, 20; P. vetus, 20, 363, 370

Piatt Co., Illinois, 177

Picea canadensis, 49; P. mariana, 85

Pickaway Co., Ohio, 75, 170

Pickaway Plains, Ohio, 75

Pickering, C. E., 72

Piedmont Plateau, 351

Piers, H., 46

Pigeon Creek, Indiana, 32, 33

Pike, New York, 61

Pike Co., Ohio, 70, 134

Pinckney, C. C., 205, 365

Pinckneyville, Mississippi, 126

Pinellas Co., Florida, 159, 378

Pinnipedia, 21; in Grinnell Land, 21; in Maine, 23; in Massachusetts, 25; in New Brunswick, 21; in New Hampshire, 25; in New Jersey, 26; in North Carolina, 29; in Nova Scotia, 21; in Ontario, 23; in Quebec, 21; in South Carolina, 29; in Virginia, 28

Pitt Co., North Carolina, 117, 191

Pittbridge, Texas, 15

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 69, 150, 168, 323

Pittsfield Township, Lorain Co., Ohio, 79

Pittsford, New York, 59, 131, 212

Pittston, Pennsylvania, 68, 184, 248, 256, 308

Platygonus, 2, 14, 15; P. compressus, 34, 59, 212, 214, 215, 218, 219, 221, 295, 298, 328, 331, 342, 343, 406; P. cumberlandensis, 219, 220, 339, 348, 350; P. intermedius, 220, 221, 350; P. sp. indet., 354; P. tetragonus, 221, 348; P. vetus, 213, 217, 220, 324, 348, 350

Platypeltis ferox, 379

Pleas, E., 94

Pleasant Township, Wabash Co., Indiana, 174

Pleistocene, divisions of, 4; earliest, 7; limits, 1, 7; extinction of species, 6; submergence, 16; terraces, 13; uplifts, 3; evolution of vertebrates, 5

Pleistocene geology, 281, 406; of Alabama, 384; Cape Breton Island, 289; of District of Columbia, 344; of Florida, 372; of Georgia, 368; of Illinois, 334; of Indiana, 331; of Kentucky, 400; of Maryland, 344; of Michigan, 330; of Mississippi, 385; of New Brunswick, 289; of New England, 290; of New Jersey, 299; of New York, 294; of North Carolina, 355; of Nova Scotia, 289; of Ohio, 324; of Ontario, 281; of Pennsylvania, 306; of Quebec, 288; of South Carolina, 361; of Tennessee, 393; of Virginia, 351; of West Virginia, 354; of Wisconsin, 340

Pliauchenia, 2, 15

Pliocene, 1, 10, 15, 37

Pliohippus, 2, 9, 15

Plummer, J. T., 80, 94, 173

Plymouth, Michigan, 87; North Carolina, 191, 360

Pohlig, H., 99

Point Pleasant, West Virginia, 190

Polk Co., Florida, 123, 159, 180, 196, 197, 211, 379

Ponto, M. W., 99

Pony Hollow, New York, 57

Porpoises, 16

Porter Co., Indiana, 99, 100, 239, 252

Port Hickey formation, Alabama, 385

Port Hudson clays, 126, 180; formation, 384, 385; group, 387, 388, 389

Port Kennedy, Pennsylvania, 12, 15, 31, 69, 185, 203, 213, 256, 311

Port Kennedy Cave, plants and insects of, 317

Portland, Maine, 24, 25

Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 25

Portway, New York, 59

Posey Co., Indiana, 88

Potholes at Cohoes, New York, 296

Poughkeepsie, New York, 55

Preble Co., Ohio, 72, 274

Pre-Wisconsin drift in New England, 292

Prince George Co., Maryland, 178, 188; Virginia, 113

Princeton, Indiana, 89

Princeton University, New Jersey, 64, 132

Procamelus, 8, 9, 15, 121, 376, 377, 378; P. coconinensis, 9; P. longurio, 9; P. major, 9, 121, 224, 375; P. medius, 224, 225; P. minimus, 9, 158, 196, 225, 375, 378; P. minor, 224, 225, 375, 376, 380; P. sp. indet., 8, 37, 225, 376

Procyon lotor, 310, 311, 353, 363, 382, 395; P. priscus, 34, 218, 219, 337, 343

Protohippus, 2, 8, 15; P. sp. indet., 8

Provincial Museum, Halifax, 46

Pseudemys cælata, 375, 379; P. extincta, 379; P. floridanus persimilis, 382; P. sp. indet., 363

Public Museum, Milwaukee, 97, 143

Pugh, G. T., 361, 363, 367

Pulaski, Indiana, 96, 140

Pusheta Township, Auglaize Co., Ohio, 76

Putnam, F. W., 47, 246, 248

Putnam Co., Indiana, 91, 173; Ohio, 77

Putorius ermineus, 310

Quebec, 14, 18; cetaceans in, 18; geology of, 288; Pinnipedia in, 21

Queen Anne Co., Maryland, 154, 347

Queensbury, New York, 132

Queens Co., New York, 49

Querquedula floridana, 382

Rabbit, 14

Racine Co., Wisconsin, 110

Racket River, New York, 235, 245

Rafinesque, C. S., 129

Raisin River, Michigan, 250

Rana catesbiana, 322; R. sp. indet., 312

Randolph Co., Illinois, 101, 175; Indiana, 94, 139, 228, 238, 252, 277, 334

Rangifer, 227, 283, 337; in Connecticut, 244; in eastern North America, 244; in Illinois, 246; in New Jersey, 245; in New York, 245; in Ontario, 244; in Pennsylvania, 246; in Vermont, 244; in Wisconsin, 247

Rangifer caribou, 244, 245, 246, 292, 295, 299, 304, 310, 311, 403; R. grœnlandica, 246; R. muscatinensis, 247, 339; R. tarandus, 21, 244, 245, 248

Ranidæ, 312

Read, M. C., 170

Reading, Pennsylvania, 69, 324

Recent formation, 345

Red Bridge, New York, 55

Redfield, W. C., 299

Reedsville, Pennsylvania, 69, 324

Reindeer, 285, 293 (See Rangifer)

Renicks, West Virginia, 221

Rensselaer, Indiana, 239

Rhinoceros, 8, 121, 211; R. longipes, 211; R. proterus, 195, 211

Rhinoceroses, 10, 211

Rhinocerotidæ, 5, 211

Rhoads, S. N., 21, 26, 63, 64, 65, 246, 249, 256

Rhode Island, Pleistocene of, 290

Rice, F. P., 47

Rich Grove Township, Pulaski Co., Indiana, 97

Richland Center, Wisconsin, 111

Richland Co., South Carolina, 193; Wisconsin, 111

Richmond, Indiana, 94, 252, 276, 334; Vermont, 167

Richmond Co., New York, 48

Ridge, H. L., 43

Ridgewood, New York, 49

Riegelsville, Pennsylvania, 237, 246, 249, 267

Riggs, E. S., 97, 109, 229, 240, 269, 337

Rimouski Co., Quebec, 19, 21

Ringgold, Washington, 15

Riverdale, Michigan, 85

Riverhead, New York, 49

Rivière du Loup, Quebec, 18

Roann, Indiana, 229, 334

Roberts, H., 150

Robertson, J. D., 122, 207

Robinson, M., 100

Rochelle, Illinois, 177

Rochester, Indiana, 140; New York, 59, 212

Rockcastle Co., Kentucky, 223, 406

Rockingham Co., Virginia, 114

Rock Island, Illinois, 176

Rock Island Co., Illinois, 104, 176

Rockland Co., New York, 50

Rockport, New Jersey, 67

Rocky Mount, North Carolina, 117, 360

Rogers, H. E., 69

Rogersville, Pennsylvania, 150, 322; Tennessee, 127, 201, 222, 394, 395

Ross Co., Ohio, 169

Rossville, Illinois, 107

Roundhead, Ohio, 75

Royal Center, Indiana, 97

Royerton, Indiana, 94

Rural Township, Rock Island Co., Illinois, 104

Russell, I. C., 386

Russell and Leverett, 88, 237

Rutgers College, 55, 63

Rutherford, Pennsylvania, 185

Rutland, Vermont, 148

Saber-tooth tigers, 5, 13, 315

Sable Island, Nova Scotia, 21

Safely, R., 56

Saginaw Co., Michigan, 84, 171

St. Augustine, Florida, 15

St. Catharines, Ontario, 46, 147, 166

St. Clair, Tennessee, 127

St. Clair Co., Illinois, 101

St. Clements, Maryland, 112, 347

St. Elmo formation, Alabama, 385

St. Francisville, Illinois, 259

St. Helena Island, South Carolina, 118

St. John Co., Florida, 37, 122, 158, 194, 375

St. Johns, Indiana, 174; Ohio, 76

St. Joseph Co., Indiana, 100, 139

St. Lawrence Co., New York, 235, 245

St. Lawrence River, 288, 291

St. Lucie Co., Florida, 38, 122, 159, 163, 199, 208, 222, 225, 263, 381

St. Marks River, Florida, 157

St. Mary’s City, Maryland, 112, 347

St. Mary’s Co., Maryland, 112

St. Mary’s River, Florida, 180, 194

St. Petersburg, Florida, 159, 378

St. Thomas, Ontario, 45

Salamonie moraine, 95

Salem Co., New Jersey, 63, 226

Saline, Michigan, 88

Salisbury, R. D., 67, 300

Salisbury and Knapp, 66, 299, 303

Salisbury Mills, New York, 51

Saltar, J. C., 64

Salt Creek, Columbiana Co., Ohio, 186, 327

Salt Creek Township, Ohio, 75

Saltville, Maryland, 259

Saltville, Smyth Co., Virginia, 34, 113, 145, 190, 231, 352

Sandoval, Illinois, 102

Sandusky, Ohio, 78

Sanford, S., 372, 384

Sangamon Co., Illinois, 176

Sangamon River, 14

Sangamon stage, 2, 12, 14, 32, 93, 283, 328, 329, 330, 349, 351, 396, 404; deposits, 325, 326, 333, 340

Sangamona, 13, 14, 231, 348, 395, 396

San Pablo Beach, Florida, 122

Santee Canal, South Carolina, 162

Sarasota, Florida, 159, 379

Sarasota Bay, Florida, 38, 198

Sarasota Co., Florida, 38, 159, 198

Satilla formation, 15, 368, 369

Savage, T. E., 141

Savannah, Georgia, 11, 15, 36, 120, 157, 194, 262, 371

Savannah River, 368

Saxicava sands, 288

Sayles, Ira, 395

Scalops, 312; S. aquaticus, 310; S. sp. indet., 314

Scalopus aquaticus, 310; S. aquaticus australis, 382; S. sp. indet., 312, 313

Scanlan collection, 205

Scarboro beds, Ontario, 281, 283

Scarboro formation, 226

Scarboro Heights, Ontario, 283

Schooley’s Mountain, New Jersey, 67, 306

Schuchert, C., 48

Schultz, A., 220, 348

Sciuridæ, 312

Sciuropterus alpinus, 350

Sciurus calycinus, 312; S. carolinensis, 310, 311, 348; S. hudsonicus, 348, 350; S. panolius, 353; S. sp. indet., 321; S. tenuidens, 348

Scolopax sp. indet., 314

Scotchtown, New York, 54

Scott Co., Kentucky, 210

Scottsburg, New York, 60

Scudder, S. H., 283

Sellards, E. H., 10, 20, 38, 39, 40, 121, 122, 123, 157, 158, 160, 162, 163, 180, 194, 195, 196, 206, 207, 211, 222, 224, 225, 232, 233, 263, 372, 374, 376, 381, 384

Selma, Ohio, 136

Seneca, Ohio, 78

Seneca Castle, New York, 58, 236

Seneca Co., New York, 58

Seneca Lake, New York, 58, 167

Shadeville, Ohio, 75

Shaler, N. S., 26, 182, 243, 270, 271, 290, 360, 361, 402

Shark River, New Jersey, 213, 306

Sharon, Connecticut, 48

Shattuck, G. B., 15, 29, 112, 344, 347

Shatzer, C. G., 74

Shawangunk mastodon, 54

Shawangunk, New York, 54

Shaw, E. W., 89, 188

Shaw, J., 105

Shaw and Munn, 307, 323, 354, 355

Shaw and Savage, 141

Shaw mastodon, 71

Shawneetown, Illinois, 100, 278

Sheep, 169, 273

Shelby Co., Tennessee, 43, 128, 280

Shelbyville moraine, 335

Sheldon, Pearl, 57, 58

Shelburne, Ontario, 130

Shepard, C. N., 119

Sheridan formation, 11

Shetrone, H. C., 74

Shiawassee Co., Michigan, 86, 276

Shimek, B., 11, 126, 392

Shoals, Indiana, 89, 172

Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, 47

Sidney moraine, 326

Sigmodon hispidus, 382; S. sp. indet., 382

Sinsinawa, Wisconsin, 111, 342

Siren lacertina, 382

Skidaway Island, Georgia, 36, 120, 157, 194, 262, 370, 371

Skunk, 14 (See Mephitis)

Sloan, E., 30, 361, 368

Smilodon, 14; S. floridanus, 158, 196; S. mercerii, 312

Smilodontopsis, 14; S. gracilis, 314; S. mercerii, 312, 314; S. mooreheadi, 348

Smith, B., 272

Smith, E. A., 384, 386

Smith, H. P., 257

Smith, L. H., 235

Smith, R. A., 87

Smith, W. H., 82, 171

Smithland, Kentucky, 129

Smith’s Falls, Ontario, 17, 289

Smyth Co., Virginia, 113, 145, 190, 231, 259

Sonora, Ohio, 73

Soricidæ, 312

Sources of Pleistocene vertebrates, 4

South America, connection with, 3

South Bloomfield, Ohio, 75, 170

South Carolina, 29, 35; Alces in, 363, 364; Castoroides in, 279; Cervus canadensis in, 242; cetaceans in, 20; Elephas columbi in, 155; Elephas imperator in, 162; Equidæ in, 191; extinct bisons in, 260; geology of, 361; Hydrochœrus in, 365; mastodons in, 118; Odocoileus in, 231; Pinnipedia in, 29; Tagassuidæ in, 221; Tapiridæ in, 204; Xenarthra in, 35

Southport, North Carolina, 15

Sparksville, Indiana, 89

Spencer, J. W., 283, 284, 285, 292, 368

Spencer Co., Indiana, 33

Spilogale putorius, 322, 353

Springfield Township, Lucas Co., Ohio, 77, 329

Stafford, New York, 61

Stahl, J. P., 137

Staley, Illinois, 152

Stamping Ground, Kentucky, 210

Stansfield, J., 17, 288

Stanton, Michigan, 82

Stark Co., Ohio, 80, 136, 150, 170

Starke Co., Indiana, 278

Staten Island, New York, 49

Stauffer, C. R., 186

Staunton, Virginia, 190

Steele’s Corners, New York, 236

Stegomastodon, 2, 14; S. mirificus, 377

Stephenson, L. W., 15, 29, 180, 194, 207, 352, 355, 356, 359, 361, 368, 369

Sterling, E., 78, 170

Sterling, Illinois, 105

Steuben Co., Indiana, 95; New York, 59

Steubenville, Ohio, 254, 355

Stevenson, J. J., 69, 70

Stewartstown, West Virginia, 115, 355

Stockholm, Wisconsin, 178

Stokes Ferry, Florida, 180, 194, 374

Stone, G. N., 25

Stone River, South Carolina, 363

Stormont Co., Ontario, 18

Stose, G. W., 140, 349

Stose and Swartz, 346

Strathroy, Ontario, 235

Stronghurst, Illinois, 152

Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, 185, 213, 227, 237, 246, 272

Suffolk Co., New York, 49

Sullivan, Illinois, 268

Sullivan Co., New York, 55; Tennessee, 209

Sulphur Springs, Florida, 123

Summitville, Indiana, 277

Sumter Co., Florida, 158

Sumterville, Florida, 158

Sunderland formation, 116, 118, 299, 345, 346, 351, 356

Sus americanus, 261

Susquehanna River, 296

Sussex Co., New Jersey, 68

Swartzell, J., 214

Swartzell, M., 69, 214

Swedesboro, New Jersey, 184, 301

Switzerland Co., Indiana, 138

Sycium cloacinum, 312

Sylvilagus floridanus, 310, 311, 312, 313, 337, 343, 348, 353, 363; S. palustris, 382; S. sp. indet., 38, 378, 382

Symbos, 14; S. cavifrons, 96, 104, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 331, 334, 339, 354, 392, 393, 403, 404; S. promptus, 254; S. sp. indet., 68, 184, 248

Synaptomys borealis, 350; S. sp. indet., 350

Syracuse, New York, 266

Tagassu lenis, 217, 218, 219, 220, 222, 342, 343, 347, 348, 363, 379, 382; T. sp. indet., 222, 363; T. tetragonus, 220, 221, 312; T. torquatus, 220

Tagassuidæ, 5, 312; in Florida, 222; in Illinois, 218; in Indiana, 216; in Maryland, 220; in Michigan, 215; in New Jersey, 213; in New York, 212; in Ohio, 214; in South Carolina, 221; in Tennessee, 222; in Virginia, 221; in West Virginia, 221; in Wisconsin, 219

Talbot Co., Maryland, 144, 230, 242

Talbot formation, 16, 29, 299, 345, 346, 351

Talbot stage, 188

Tallahatchie Co., Mississippi, 124

Talpidæ, 312

Tamarack, 85

Tamias lævidens, 353; T. striatus, 287, 310, 395

Tampa Bay, Florida, 123, 159, 208, 263, 379

Tampico, Indiana, 89

Tapir, 187, 209, 223, 228, 232, 328, 395, 396

Tapiridæ, 5, 203, 312; in Florida, 206; in Georgia, 206; in Indiana, 203; in Kentucky, 209; in Mississippi, 208; in Ohio, 203; in Pennsylvania, 203; in South Carolina, 204; in Tennessee, 209; in Virginia, 204

Tapirs, 13, 333, 334

Tapirus, 9, 14, 15; T. americanus, 203, 204, 206, 207, 208, 209, 391; T. haysii, 32, 43, 203, 204, 205, 207, 208, 209, 210, 217, 257, 312, 313, 350, 353, 363, 370, 372, 375, 382, 391, 392, 393, 395, 397, 403, 404, 405, 406; T. sp. indet., 37, 204, 321, 363, 376, 378, 379, 395; T. tennesseæ, 209, 395; T. terrestris, 195, 203, 206, 376, 381, 392; T. veroensis, 204, 205, 208, 382

Tarboro, North Carolina, 117, 360

Tarr, R. S., 57

Taurotragus, 14; T. americanus, 12, 337, 339, 350

Taxidea americana, 312; T. robusta, 9; T. sp. indet., 350; T. taxus, 312

Taylor, A. E., 90

Taylor, F. B., 130, 291, 330, 331

Tazewell Co., Illinois, 176

Teleoceras, 8, 9, 15, 211, 376; T. fossiger, 8, 37, 211; T. proterus, 121, 375, 377, 380; T. sp. indet., 380

Teleopternus orientalis, 224, 312, 313

Tennessee, 41; Camelidæ in, 225; Castoroides in, 280; Elephas primigenius in, 146; Elephas sp. indet. in, 181; Equidæ in, 201; geology of, 393; mastodons in, 127; Tagassuidæ in, 222; Tapiridæ in, 209; Xenarthra in, 41

Tephrocyon, 15

Terraces, Allegheny River, 355; Coastal Plain, Florida, 372; Coastal Plain, North Carolina, 356; Monongahela River, 354; Pleistocene, 13

Terrapene antipex, 122, 158, 375, 382; T. canaliculata, 371; T. carolina, 310, 311; T. eurypygia, 312, 347; T. formosa, 378; T. innoxia, 382; T. putnami, 197, 379; T. sp. indet., 353

Terre Coupée, Michigan, 83

Terre Haute, Indiana, 151

Testudo crassiscutata, 197, 363, 379, 381; T. distans, 378; T. hayi, 380; T. incisa, 378; T. luciæ, 383; T. munda, 395; T. obtusa, 381, 384; T. ocalana, 378, 379; T. sellardsi, 382; T. sp. indet., 40

Tetracaulodon, 99

Tétreauville, Quebec, 22

Texas, 11, 13

Thamnophis sirtalis, 311

Thinobadistes segnis, 37, 375

Third Lake, New York, 236

Thompson, W. H., 173

Thompson, Z., 148

Thousand Creek fauna, 8

Thousand Creek, Nevada, 15

Three Oaks, Michigan, 137, 331

Throg’s Neck, New York, 183, 295, 296

Thuja occidentalis, 67

Tilton, J. L., 155

Tioga Co., Pennsylvania, 133

Tippah Co., Mississippi, 200

Tipton Co., Indiana, 152

Tomistoma americanum, 380

Tompkins Co., New York, 57

Toronto, Ontario, 14, 46, 130, 167, 226, 244, 256; fossil vertebrates of, 284; geology of, 281

Toronto formation, 281

Tourner’s, Florida, 160, 380

Townsend, G., 81

Towson, Maryland, 112, 348

Toxaspis anguillulatus, 312

Trachemys bisornata, 384; T. euglypha, 379, 381; T. jarmani, 379; T. nuchocarinata, 374, 382; T. sculpta, 379, 383, 384; T. sp. indet., 197

Tragocerus, 8

Trees in Don beds, Toronto, Ontario, 282; at Savannah, Georgia, 371

Trempealeau Co., Wisconsin, 241

Trenton, New Jersey, 64, 132, 237, 246; fossil mammals at, 304; geology of, 304; gravels, 14, 65

Trichechus antiquus, 363, 381; T. manatus, 376; T. virginianus, 29

Trichiurus lepturus, 363, 366

Trim Creek, Illinois, 108

Troost, G., 125, 127, 389

Troy, New York, 183; Ohio, 74

Trucifelis, 14; T. floridanus, 15, 378, 382

Trumbull Co., Ohio, 80, 249

Tryonville, Pennsylvania, 150, 323

Tsala Apopka formation, Florida, 372, 373; terrace, Florida, 375

Tunkhannock, Pennsylvania, 68, 324

Tuomey, M., 119, 120, 232, 361, 366

Turner, G., 119

Turner, G. B., 143

Turner’s, Florida, 380

Tuscumbia, Alabama, 40, 385

Twells, H., 64

Twin Creek, Ohio, 72, 274

Tyler, L. G., 113

Udden, J. A., 104, 176, 187

Ulrich, E. O., 169

Ulster Co., New York, 54

Uncia inexpectata, 312

Underwood, L., 266

Ungava, Canada, Elephas sp. indet., in, 166

Unio, species, 303

Union City, Indiana, 277; moraine, 139, 152, 229

Union Co., New Jersey, 133

Union Grove, Illinois, 240

Unionidæ in Don beds, Ontario, 282; in Fish House beds, New Jersey, 303

United States National Museum, 80, 163, 164, 188, 264

University of Michigan, 87; University of Rochester, 58, 60

Upper Marlboro, Maryland, 178

Urbana, Illinois, 33, 106, 336; Ohio, 74, 249

Urocyon cinereoargenteus, 299, 310, 311, 312, 314, 337; U. latidentatus, 312, 314

Ursidæ, 312

Ursus americanus, 78, 125, 226, 283, 311, 312, 321, 339, 348, 350, 363, 364, 391, 392, 403; U. amplidens, 217, 353, 391, 392, 393; U. floridanus, 382, 395; U. procerus, 329; U. sp. indet., 41, 376, 398; U. vitabilis, 350

Utica, Michigan, 86

Valparaiso, Indiana, 100; moraine, 82, 83, 107, 108, 177, 330

VanBuren Co., Tennessee, 41

Vanderburg Co., Indiana, 32, 171, 186, 203, 228, 257, 276, 334

Van Horn, F., 151

Van Rensselaer, J., 55, 60, 66, 133

Van Wert Co., Ohio, 77

Veatch, A. C., 15, 33, 368, 389

Venice, Michigan, 86

Vermillion Co., Illinois. 106; Indiana, 173

Vermont, Cervus canadensis in, 235; cetaceans in, 19; Elephas columbi in, 148; Elephas sp. indet. in, 167; geology of, 291; Rangifer in, 244

Vernon Co., Wisconsin, 259

Vero, Florida, 10, 11, 15, 38, 122, 163, 199, 208, 222, 225, 263, 373, 381, 382; marls, 15

Verona, New Jersey, 66

Versailles, Ohio, 136

Vertebrates, number of Pleistocene species, 4; sources of Pleistocene, 4

Vespertilio fuscus, 310; V. grandis, 350; V. gryphus, 398; V. sp. indet., 310, 312, 313, 350, 353; V. subulatus, 310

Vespertilionidæ, 312

Vevay, Indiana, 91, 138

Vicksburg, Mississippi, 124

Victoria Co., Cape Breton Island, 46

Victoria Museum, Ottawa, 45

Vienna, New Jersey, 67

Vigo Co., Indiana, 138, 151, 172

Vincennes, Indiana, 88, 90, 258, 334

Vincentown, New Jersey, 227, 245

Virginia, 15, 28, 34; Elephas primigenius in, 145; Elephas sp. indet. in, 178; Equidæ in, 189; extinct bisons in, 259; geology of, 351; mastodons in, 113; Odocoileus in, 231; Pinnipedia in, 28; Tagassuidæ in, 221; Tapiridæ in, 204; Xenarthra in, 34

Virginia deer, 32, 227, 229, 242, 257

Volk, E., 237, 248, 267

Volusia Co., Florida, 20, 122, 158, 378

Vulpes fulvus, 299; V. palmaria, 282; V. sp. indet., 350; V. virginiana, 311

Wabash College, Indiana, 99

Wabash Co., Indiana, 98, 218, 229, 239, 334

Wabash deposits, 13

Wade, Florida, 195, 262

Wagner, G., 111

Wailesboro, Indiana, 172, 251, 334

Wailles, B. C. L., 41, 125, 180, 391

Wakulla Co., Florida, 157, 179, 374

Wakulla Springs, Florida, 179, 374

Walker, J. E., 92

Walker, S. T., 233

Walker River, Nevada, 15

Wallkill, New York, 54

Walnut, Illinois, 105

Walrus, 7, 21, 22, 23, 30, 31, 289, 293, 306, 352, 360

Wando clays, South Carolina, 360

Wando River, South Carolina, 35, 192, 362, 363

Wapakoneta, Ohio, 76, 275

Ward, F. H., 149

Ward, H. A., 147, 166

Ward, H. L., 60, 97

Warder, R. B., 91

Ward’s Natural Science Establishment, 121, 138, 149, 158, 212

Warren, C. K., 137

Warren, J. C., 48, 50, 54, 67, 68, 83, 109, 134, 148, 165

Warren Co. New Jersey, 67; New York, 132; Mississippi, 124

Warren mastodon, 51

Warrenton, Virginia, 178

Warsaw, Illinois, 103

Washington Co., Illinois, 101; Maine, 23; Maryland, 112, 189; Ohio, 169; Pennsylvania, 70, 133, 323; Virginia, 113, 189; Vermont, 244

Washington, D. C., 178, 348

Washington Township, Auglaize Co., Ohio, 76

Washtenaw Co., Michigan, 88, 227, 228, 237, 250, 275

Waterloo, Indiana, 95

Waukesha, Wisconsin, 110, 340

Waukesha Co., Wisconsin, 110, 241

Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, 241

Wauzeka, Wisconsin, 111

Waverly, Ohio, 134, 327

Waychoff, A. J., 133, 150

Wayland, New York, 59

Wayne Co., Indiana, 94, 138, 173, 238, 252, 276; Michigan, 87; New York, 58, 131, 272; North Carolina, 115

Webster, Indiana, 138

Weidman, S., 111, 230, 241, 247, 343

Wellsburg, New York, 167

Welland Port, Ontario, 46

Welsh, J., 78

Wentworth Co., Ontario, 147, 166, 234

Westchester Co., New York, 50, 245

Westfield, New York, 63

West Sonora, Ohio, 73, 274

West Virginia, 34; Elephas columbi in, 155; Elephas sp. indet. in, 179; Equidæ in, 190; geology of, 354; mastodons in, 115; musk-oxen in, 254; Odocoileus in, 231; Tagassuidæ in, 221; Xenarthra in, 34

Whales, 16

Wheatley, C. M., 31, 69, 185, 203, 256, 312, 317, 318, 319

Wheaton, Illinois, 177

Wheeler, F., 153

Wheeling, West Virginia, 179

White, I. C., 68, 115

White Beach, Florida, 38, 379

Whiteaves, J. F., 17, 147

Whitehall, Wisconsin, 241

Whitesburg, Tennessee, 14, 201, 209, 223, 395

Whiteside Co., Illinois, 105, 240

Whitewillow, Illinois, 109, 229, 240, 269, 337

Whitfield, R. P., 49, 50, 303

Whitney, J. D., 111, 178, 219, 230, 240, 341, 342

Whittlesey, C., 77, 78, 79, 109, 169, 183, 186, 203

Wicomico formation, 16, 118, 299, 345, 346, 351, 356; terrace, 112

Wiedmer, J., 103, 253

Wilbur, C. D., 109

Willcockson, Arkansas, 12

Wilder, B. G., 57

Wilkinson Co., Mississippi, 126

Will Co., Illinois, 107, 241

Willcox, J., 38, 198, 199, 263

Williams, E. D., 155

Williams, E. H., 307

Williams, Indiana, 217, 334

Williams Township, Bay Co., Michigan, 84

Williamsburg, Virginia, 113, 352

Williamson, C. W., 76, 227, 274

Williamson, New York, 131

Williamson Co., Tennessee, 127

Williamstown, Ontario, 18

Williston, S. W., 11

Williston, Florida, 37, 121, 195, 211, 224

Wills Creek, Allegany Co., Maryland, 349

Wilmington, North Carolina, 357; Ohio, 214, 273

Wilson, R., 162

Wilson Co., North Carolina, 117, 359

Winchell, A., 80, 81, 86, 87, 130, 151, 171

Winchell, N. H., 77, 78, 178

Winchester, Indiana, 139; Kentucky, 255

Windfall, Indiana, 152

Windsor, Indiana, 139

Winnebago Co., Illinois, 105; Wisconsin, 270

Wirt Co., West Virginia, 155

Wisconsin, 2, 14; Bison bison in, 270; Cervus canadensis in, 241; Elephas primigenius in, 143; Elephas sp. indet. in, 178; extinct bisons in, 259; mastodons in, 110; Odocoileus in, 230; Rangifer in, 247; Tagassuidæ in, 219; depression, 291; drift, 281, 292, 295, 324, 326, 328, 329, 330, 331, 335, 340; geology of, 340; ice-sheet, 298; 307, 332, 355; moraine, 300, 307, 326; stage, 12, 14, 32, 33, 283, 286, 300, 316, 322, 334, 367, 403; uplift, 291

Wissler, C., 304

Wistar, C., 35, 181, 401

Withlacoochee River, 122, 158

Wolbrandt, C. H., 100

Wolf, 111, 219, 270, 302

Wood, N. A., 81, 82, 83, 88, 275, 276

Wood Co., Ohio, 78; West Virginia, 115, 231

Woodbury, New Jersey, 301; Vermont, 244

Woodhull, Illinois, 154

Woodstock, Ohio, 74

Woodstown, New Jersey, 226

Woodville, Mississippi, 126; Wisconsin, 344

Woodworth, J. B., 26, 183, 245, 290, 291, 292

Woolman, L., 351, 360

Woolman, S., 302

Woolper Creek, Kentucky, 265

Woolworth, S., 149

Worcester, Massachusetts, 47

Worthen, A. H., 101, 102, 103, 108, 175, 176, 229, 239, 269, 279

Worthington Co., Maryland, 220

Wright, G. F., 115, 274, 283, 307

Wyandotte, Michigan, 87

Wyandot, Ohio, 78

Wylie, T. A., 172

Wyman, Jeffries, 40, 43, 111, 219, 230, 270, 280, 400

Wyoming Co., New York, 61, 212; Pennsylvania, 68

Wythe Co., Virginia, 34, 114, 190, 204, 221, 231, 260, 353

Wurtsboro, New York, 55

Xenarthra, 31; in Alabama, 40; in Florida, 37; in Georgia, 36; in Illinois, 33; in Indiana, 32; in Kentucky, 43; in Mississippi, 40; in New Jersey, 31; in Ohio, 31; in Pennsylvania, 31; in South Carolina, 35; in Tennessee, 41; in Virginia, 34; in West Virginia, 34

Yakima Co., Washington, 15

Yale University, 54, 60, 74, 279

Yarmouth deposits, 2; in Illinois, 336; in New England, 290; in Ohio, 325

Yarmouth stage, 12, 14, 187, 290, 325, 336

Yarnallton, Kentucky, 210, 405

Yazoo Co., Mississippi, 126

Yonge’s Island, South Carolina, 363

York Co., Ontario, 46, 130, 167, 244, 256; Pennsylvania, 69; Virginia, 113

York River, Virginia, 352

Yorkville, Illinois, 109

Young, C., 73

Young Island, South Carolina, 366

Youngstown, Ohio, 249

Ypsilanti, Michigan, 88

Zamenis acuminatus, 312, 314

Zanesville, Ohio, 134, 273, 327

Zapodidæ, 312

Zapus hudsonius, 312

Zirkel’s Cave, Tennessee, 209, 223, 395, 396

Zolfo, Florida, 38, 160, 380

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

1. Several maps were moved to be consistently before their explanation. 2. Silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling. 3. Archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings retained as printed. 4. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_. 5. Superscripts are denoted by a caret before a single superscript character or a series of superscripted characters enclosed in curly braces, e.g. M^r. or M^{ister}. 6. Subscripts are denoted by an underscore before a series of subscripted characters enclosed in curly braces, e.g. H_{2}O.

End of Project Gutenberg's The Pleistocene of North America, by Oliver P. Hay