The Pantropheon; Or, History of Food, Its Preparation, from the Earliest Ages of the World

Part 47

Chapter 473,418 wordsPublic domain

Pastry of the Jews; among the Egyptians; with the Greeks and Romans, 284

“ patronised by eminent persons, 290

“ its progress, 291

“ cooks, 285, 290

Patinæ, dishes, 263

Peach-tree, supposed to be poisonous; price of peaches; how preserved, 104

Peacocks, 166

“ admired by Alexander the Great; kept in aviaries; their price; exhibited in Greece; appreciated in Rome, 166

“ ridiculous consumption; fattened by Livio; of Samos; reared by Tiberius, 167

“ served as if alive, 167

“ sacrificed to Caligula, 165

“ eggs, 177, 390

“ utility of their feathers, 340

“ used by Roman polyphagists, 244

“ their tails designed on tables, 369

Pear-tree, its native place; qualities of pears, 107

Peas, 56

“ green, little appreciated; grey, relished by the ancients; sold at the Circus, 56

“ a kind of bribe, 57

Pelasgus patronised the beech tree, 23

Pelorus celebrated for its oysters (Cape), 244

Peniculi, washers, 379

Pennyroyal used as a digestive, 90

“ wine, 333

Pentapharmacum of the Emperor Verus, 257

Pentateuch of Moses, 10

Pepper used by the ancients, 277

Perch, from the Rhine; given to the sick; fed in the Moselle; relished by the Romans; how dressed, 232

Perdix rustica, the wood-cock, 207

Perfumes, used by the guests, 383

Persians, fond of water-cresses, 84

“ their veneration for water, 293

“ predilection of their kings for figs, 113

Persiller, to give pungency to cheese, 174

Pertinax, fond of pheasants, 195

Pestles, used for bruising wheat, 25

Petronius’s eggs, 201

Pharsalians, their mighty appetite, 340

Pheasants, relished by Severus, 160

“ eggs, 177

“ discovered by the Argonauts; kept in aviaries; adorned the triumph of Ptolemy; served in sumptuous repasts, 194

“ scarce in Italy; Vitellius relished their brains; sacrificed to Caligula; recommended to weak stomachs; sold frozen, 195

“ sausages, 390

Phenicopter, flamingo, 200

Philip of Macedon, fond of apples, 108

Philip-le-Bel’s regulations for fast-days, 214

Philoxenus, died of indigestion, 212

“ a witty epicure, 218

“ devoted to degustation, 254

Phœnicians, abstained from pork, 134

“ venerated the ox, 142

Phrygians, their respect for the ox, 142

Phytalus, received a fig-tree from Ceres, 113

Picenum cakes, 288

Pickled pork, 138

Pickles, relished by the ancients, 278

Pic-nics, known to the ancients, 344

Pie, invented by the Emperor Verus, 286

Pig, killed by Ceres, 124

“ market at Rome, 129

“ portrait of the; its qualities, 133

“ offered to Venus; a sign of peace; an emblem of fecundity; abhorred by the Egyptians; forbidden to the Jews; to the Mahomedans, 134

“ of Macedonia, 136

“ stuffed with game, 137

“ forbidden to ramble; of the Abbey St. Antoine, 141

“ suckling, 137

“ the discoverer of truffles, 279

Pigeons, how they were caught, 162

“ a dainty dish; recommended to the sick; their price; how prepared, 163

Pigeon-houses, 162

Pike, little esteemed by ancient epicures; its multiplication; preparation; longevity, 228

Pilau, 258

Pilchard, how stuffed by the Romans, 238

Pine, consecrated to Cybele, 95

Pip-fruit, 106

Pique-assiette, parasite, 382

Piquette, weak wine of the ancients, 326

Pistachio-tree, a native of India; brought to Rome by Vitellius, 120

“ nuts, recommended by Avicenna, 121

Pistores, corn grinders, 25

Pithyllus, his protector of the tongue, 255

Place of honour in banquets, 373

Placites, a kind of bread, 33

Plaice, 237

Plants, used in seasoning, 86

Plato was fond of figs, 113

Plautus worked at the mill, 27

Plough introduced into Egypt; the Egyptian plough, 12

“ the primitive, 13

“ its simplicity; ancient; Greek; Anglo-Norman; Gallic, 14

Plum tree; plums; how preserved; of Reine Claude; of Mirabelle; of Monsieur, 105

Plutarch, his vegetarian principles, 126

Pochet, her recipe for tea (Madame), 308

Poisonous peaches, 104

Poitevine sauce, 258

Poivre, his description of birds’ nests, 205

Poles, fond of cucumbers, 73

Politeness of King Clovis, 384

Pollio, his answer to Augustus, 99

Pollio’s (Vedius) atrocious cruelty, 221

“ how he chastised his slaves, 214

Pollux trained hunting dogs, 179

Polypus, its seasoning, 249

Pomegranate, fatal to Proserpine; first cultivated in the east; brought into Italy; how preserved; different species, 122

Pomona, 95

Pompey and the thrushes of Lucullus, 199

Pompion, treated without ceremony, 71

“ of Egypt; its qualities; how prepared, 72

Pontic nuts, 120

Pontiffs, their banquet (Pagan), 356

Poppæia used asses’ milk, 169

Poppy, its preparation, 86

Pork-meat distributed to the Romans, 130

“ abhorred by some nations, 134

“ recommended to wrestlers; its reputation, 135

“ disguised in various ways, 136

“ pickled, 138

Porpoises, 215

Porter, ostiarius, 376

Portugal orange, 112

Portughan, a name of the orange, 111

Portuguese, introduced the orange tree, 111

Pot-de-vin, a bribe, 337

Poularde à la Viminale, 156

Poultry, the best of aliments, 152

“ permitted to some religious order, 153

“ art of fattening, 161

Pounded bread, 40

Præcocia, apricots, 103

Præfectus annonæ, 36

Prægustator, 378

Prayers before meals, 344, 390

Prefect of Rome, 355

Prestigiators, 395

Priapus, a protector of fruit trees, 95

Priests of Mars, great epicures, 343

Probus restored the vine to Gaul, 322

Procillatores, servants, 377

Procurator, major-domo, 260

Præneste enriched by hazel nuts, 120

Profusion in the City of London (Ancient), 351

Prodigality of the Earl of Warwick, 351

Prometheus sacrificed an ox, 124

Proserpine, was too fond of pomegranates, 122

Provisions mentioned in the Scriptures, 354

“ price of, 358

Prytanea in Greece, 347

Ptisana, barley water, 42

“ a sorry liquid, 304

Pudding, Carthaginian, 43

“ hasty, 44

“ black, 138

Pullarius, his office, 156

Pultiphagists, 33

Punch given by Sir Edward Russell, 411

Purslaine mixed with salad, 68

“ its properties, 69

Pyanepsia, one of the festivals of Apollo, 53

Pygmalion, his severity, 125

Pythagoras, abstained from beans, 53

“ was a vegetarian, 126

“ recommended honey, 273

Quails, a sovereign remedy, 196

Quails, food of the Israelites; supposed to cause epilepsy; banished from the Roman tables, 196

“ fights, 197

Quenelles of pig’s liver and brains, 140

Quince tree, a native of Cydon, 106

Quinces, their beneficial qualities; preserved in honey, 106

Quince wine, 107

Rabbits taught mankind the art of fortification; overthrow Tarragona; defeated by the Roman troops, 189

“ of Macedonia; how prepared, 190

Radishes of Judea; price in Rome; supposed to produce cabbages; how preserved, 79

“ pickled, 390

Ragouts of the middle ages, 258

Raleigh, his account of the herring fishery (Sir Walter), 239

Rancidity of butter, how to attenuate it, 172

Raspberry, 115

Ratafia, 103

Rauwolf, the first to mention coffee, 311

Rearing of cattle, 127

Réaumur, his experiments to hatch chickens, 157

Red mullet, 218

Redstone’s funeral banquet (Sir John), 359

Reform Club, its splendid entertainments, 408

Reine Claude, plums of, 105

Remy’s silver table (St.), 370

René of Sicily introduced the plum-tree, 105

Repasts, 339

“ in common, 346

“ variety of repasts; of the Jews, 354

“ offered to Jupiter, 356

“ of Louis XIV, 349

Reservoirs on the house tops, 96

Rheumatism, cured by drinking ale, 301

Rhoites wine, 305

Rhombus, its seasoning, 235

Rice, 43

“ a nutritious grain, 20

River cray-fish, 248

Rivers, venerated by some nations, 293

Roast beef, the principal article of food in the Homeric ages, 339

Robert sauce, 258

Robigus, a god, 19

Robus, a variety of corn, 19

Rochelle wine, its price in England, 338

Rocket, how used by the ancients; its properties, 87

Rockingham, his banquet (Lord), 227

Roebuck, with spikenard; aux prunes; aux amandes de pin, 184

Roll bread, 40

Romans, fond of agriculture, 11, 13

“ eat dogs, 151

“ their manipulation of butter, 171

“ fond of fish, 212, 216

Rome its corruption; its fall, 401

Romulus, studied the advancement of agriculture, 13

“ was found under a fig-tree, 114

Rope dancers, 395

Roquefort cheese, 174, 175

Rosatum wine, 331

Rousseau, (J. J.) was not a practical vegetarian, 126

Rue, a counter poison; its properties, 90

“ wine, 333

Russell (Sir Edward), his memorable punch, 411

Rye, a detestable food, according to Pliny, 20

“ a substitute for coffee, 311

Sacred chickens, 156

Salad could not be procured for a queen, 51

“ in the middle ages, 75

Salangan, sea-swallow, 204

“ nests, 205

Salmasius, on truffles, 281

Salmon, when first mentioned; sung by Ausonius; from Aquitaine; abundant in Scotland, 233

Salonite cheese, 174

Salt, consecrated to the gods; from the asphaltite lake; used by the Jews; tax on salt, 267

“ superstitions concerning salt, 267

“ salt works in Italy; eaten with bread; four sorts, 268

Salt-meat, its preparation, 131

“ cellars, 389

Salts, digestive, 269

Samos, its oil, 98

Sandaligeruli, servants, 377

Sandals, 388

Sapa, cooked wine, 326

Sardinia, renowned for hams, 137

Saturn, the inventor of agriculture, 9

Saucepans of the ancients, 262

Saucers, 263

Sauces of various kinds, 257

Sauce manufacturers, 257

Saupiquet sauce, 258

Sausages of Lucania, 138

“ various, 140

Savillum pie, 286

Savory, 89

“ wine, 333

Scales of the ancients, 130

Scaliger, repugnance to water-cresses, 84

Scallop of Tarentum, 246

Scarus, a fish, 223

“ its renown, 213

“ celebrated for its anomalies, 224

Scate, its back appreciated by the Greeks, 233

“ despised by the Romans; its varieties according to Lacépède; its eggs a curious remedy, 233

Scissor, a carver, 377

Scoparii, sweepers, 378

Scythians, drinkers of milk, 168

“ their manipulation of butter, 171

Sea, peopled with gods, 294

“ crawfish, its culinary preparation, 247

“ eels, fed on the flesh of slaves, 208, 214

“ “ heard their master’s voice; ornamented with necklaces, 220

“ “ how fattened; where caught; how prepared; from the Tiber, 221

“ “ venerated by the Egyptians; of a considerable size, 222

“ hedgehog, relished by the ancients; how prepared, 245

“ swallow, 204

“ wolf, an exquisite fish; a child of the gods; eclipsed the sturgeon; where caught; relished by the Greeks, 223

Seals, 215

Seasoning, plants used in, 86

Seasonings, 266

“ with garum, 272

Seats, 388

“ used by the Hebrews, 372

Secale, rye, 20

Sechar, an exhilarating beverage, 100

Seeds, 46

Sejus seasoning, 161

Selech, his services to mankind, 267

Seneca, his declamations against luxury; his enormous wealth, 252

Sensualism of the ancients, 345

Sentinum wine, 328

Sepia, its black liquid; its conjugal affection; how it was dressed, 234

Sepia, an estimable dish, 234

Sergius, his fishponds, 243

Servants, 376

Sesame, how used, 86

“ cakes, 20

Severus, fond of geese; of pheasants, 160, 195

“ hares, 189

Sévigné, her opinion on coffee (Mde. de), 312

Shad, sold to the plebeians, 234

Shadows, a kind of parasites, 388

Sheep bread, 40

Shell, imitating precious woods, 369

“ fish, 241

“ “ its seasoning in Italy; how dressed by Apicius; from Lake Lucrinus; from Pelorus; how cooked; when served; relished by the ancients, 242

“ fruit, 117

Shepherds, ancient, 127

Shoes of the Romans, 388

Shrimps used for garum, 270

Sicilian cooks, 344

Sicily, renowned for cooks, 256

Sideboard, 264

Sieves, 265

Sigma, a horse-shoe shaped table, 369

Silatum, a Roman drink, 334

Siligineus panis, a kind of bread, 38

Siligo, a species of wheat, 19

Simnels, or wigs, 291

Simon’s speculation on frogs, 249

Sitarchi, magistrates for the allotment of corn, 21

Sitocome, an inspector of corn, 21

Sitologi, officers to superintend the purchase of corn, 21

Sitometræ, officers watching over the measurement of corn, 21

Sitonæ, inspectors of corn, 21

Sitophylaces, officers regulating the sale, 21

Skeleton, exhibited to the guests, 385, 393

Slavery in ancient times, 208

Slaves, sold by Cato; cruelties practised against slaves; punished by crucifixion; put to death to amuse a friend, 208

“ thrown to the sea-eels, 208, 214

“ more null than vile, 209

“ eating with their masters, 356

“ their stigmas, 376

“ lettered slaves, 376

Snails, a delicate hors-d’œvre, 265

“ how fattened, 326

Snipe, 207

Snow, preserved in cellars, 295

“ cullender, 226

Soles, 237

“ compared to partridges, 224

“ much sought after, 237

Solon, his sumptuary laws, 108, 347

Sorrel, how prepared, 69

Soterides, Nicomedes’ cook, 44

Sow, Jupiter’s first nurse, 134

Sow-thistle, given up to rabbits, 87

Sowing taught by Ceres, 24

Spain, celebrated for garum, 243

Spaniards, fond of acorns, 24

Spanish camomile, mixed with wine, 90

“ dancers, 395

Spectacles introduced in banquets, 383

Spelt, a species of wheat, 19

Spinach, little known to the ancients, 63

Spoons, 263

Squirrel, 190

Stag, 182

Stags’ horns consecrated to Diana, 180

“ flesh supposed to ensure longevity, 183

“ fillet of stag; shoulder of stag; à la Persane; à l’Hortensius; à la Néméenne, 183

“ pies, 290

Starling, recommended by physicians; an erudite starling, 200

Statues of gods placed on the table, 389

Steward, dispensator, 376

Stilphon, his answer to Cybele, 81

Stokers, focarii, 378

Stone fruit, 97

Stork, 193, 204

Stoves of the ancients, 366

Strawberries, highly appreciated, 115

Strigil, used in the baths, 387

Structores, servants, 260, 377

Strutiophagous tribes, 203

Stuffed sucking pork, 139

Sturgeon, 216

“ a royal fish, 214

“ its price; compared to ambrosia; honours it received; announced by the sound of trumpets; an imperial dish in China, 216

“ its weight, 217

“ compared to peacocks, 224

Style of living in the 14th century, 352

Sucking-pigs, 137

“ stuffed, 139

Sucking-pig, with puddings, 351

Sugar, the honey of reeds; the Indian salt, 275

Sultana coffee, 313

Sumach, 92

Sumptuary laws, 152, 252, 346, 350, 381

Supper, 342

“ of the Hebrews, 343

“ primitive of the Romans; in the open air, 344

“ given by the Roman Emperors, 357

“ a Roman, 386

Swallow, sea, 204

Swan, 193

Sweepers, scoparii, 378

Sweet marjoram, when used, 89

Sweet wine, 326

Sword-fish, how dressed in Greece; despised by the Romans, 234

Sybaris, renowned for its good cheer, 126

Sybarites, their meditations upon a banquet, 227

Sycophants, 113

Symphoniaci, musicians, 389

Symposiarch, 391

Synthesis, a convivial dress, 389

Syracuse, its proverbial gastronomy, 127

Syrian dancers, 395

Syrup of truffles, 280

Tables, before each guest; veneered with gold; of bronze; of wood; of silver; circular, 368

“ spotted or veined; of various forms; changed at each course; how cleaned; of Cicero, 369

“ of ivory, 394

Taillevant, the cook of Charles VII. of France, 193

Talmouses, a kind of pastry, 292

Tarentum, renowned for its repasts, 126

“ the abode of luxury, 246

Tarragona overthrown by rabbits, 189

Tarts, of various sorts, 290

Taste, its definition, 124

Tax on salt, 268

Tea, gathering, 306

“ of two kinds; heating; rolling, 307

“ its miraculous origin, 308

“ compared to ambrosia, 309

“ tasters, 308

Teal, 206

Teeth, of ivory, 388

Teething repast, 357

Tence sauce, 258

Tench, mentioned by Ausonius; left to the common people, 236

Tethalassomenon wine, 330

Tétines à la Flamine; à la Salienne, 140

Thalassites wine, 330

Thasian nut, 117

Thasos wine, 328

Theagenes, a beef eater, 143

“ his voracity, 339

Theophrastus mentions the cherrytree, 102

“ “ the plum tree, 105

“ fond of pears, 107

Thesmophoria, a feast in honour of Ceres, 22

Thessalians, their appetite, 340

Thimbron, a culinary star, 254

Thorian law, respecting cattle, 127

Thrashing of corn, 14

Thrushes, 197

“ supplied an abundant manure; not eaten by children; sung by Homer; sent as wedding presents; served at sumptuous feasts; from Daphne, 197

“ kept in aviaries; sold by Varro’s aunt; how fed; their price; in the shape of crowns, 198

“ prescribed to Pompey; recommended to convalescents; their brains; eaten by Heliogabalus, 199

Thurium, its oil, 98

Thyme, its qualities; used for aromatic liqueurs, 89

“ wine, 333

Thys, his voracity, 339

Tiberius, fond of melons, 78

“ reared peacocks, 167

“ his generosity, 257

“ poisoned by mushrooms, 282

“ how he encouraged artists, 318

“ his sumptuary regulations, 347

Timachidas, a cook and a poet, 254

Titormus, his voracity, 339

Tonsores, barbers, 387

Tooth-powder used by the Romans, 387

Tortoise, its blood; of an enormous size, 246

“ how dressed, 246, 247

Tourte, a kind of cake, 291

Tractatores, servants in the baths, 387

Tremellius, took the surname of Scrofa, 128

Triclinarches, chief steward, 378

Triclinium, 372, 278

Trimalcio, a celebrated cook, 256

Trimestre, a species of corn, 20

Tripes, their reputation, 143

Triptolemus, the inventor of agriculture, 9

“ was a vegetarian, 124

Triticum, wheat, 19

Trojan pig, 137

Tromelia, renowned for cheese, 174

Trophy of agriculture, 411

Trout, little appreciated by the Greeks;

“ relished by the Romans; how dressed, 230

Troyenne, hog à la, 136

“ wild boar à la, 406

Truffles, the daughters of thunder;

“ where they grow; various sorts, 279

“ how prepared, 280

“ discovered by pigs, 135, 279

“ syrup of, 280

“ how preserved, 281

Tunny-Fish, its entrails; from Samos;

“ offered to Neptune; of Pachynum; fishery of the Synopians; how prepared, 225

“ obstructed the navigation of Alexander; of an immense size, 226

“ used for garum, 270

Turbot, a delicious food; compared to the pheasant; the turbot of Domitian, 224

“ of Attica, 225

Turnips, from Thebes; Amiternum; how they were eaten, 67

Turkey, still retains the use of garum, 273

Turkey-hen, 163

“ how many are required to eat a turkey-hen; celebrated by Sophocles; bewailing the death of Meleager; reared in Roman farms; scarce in Egypt and Greece; introduced into Rome, 164

“ sacrificed to Caligula; how fattened; à l’Africaine, 165

“ how prepared, 166

“ introduced into various countries; admired by Charles IX. of France, 165

“ turkey eggs, 166

Turtle dove, 207

Twelfth-night cake, its composition, 54

Typhes, a sort of bread, 33

Tyrontes, a sort of bread, 33

Tyrotarichus, a popular dish, 174

Uladislas (King), his repugnance to apples, 108

Ulric (St.) festival of, 215

Ulysses, renowned for carving, 129

“ laid the cloth, 252

“ a model of delicacy, 380

Unguentarii, perfumers, 387

Utensils, culinary, 261

“ of the 14th century, 265

Vanilla chocolate, 313

Variety of repasts, 354

Varro’s aviary, 198

Vase of the House of Brunswick, 302

Vases of Sardonyx, 320

“ of silver; of gold, 321

Vatel, his tragic death, 215

Vauban’s recipe for eating corn in soup, 15

Veal, à la Syracusaine; à la Tarentaise, 144

Vegetables, 49

“ dried, 53

“ relished by the Romans, 50, 51

“ how preserved; scarce in England, three centuries ago, 51

Vegetarians, 126

Venafrum, 99

Venison, appreciated by eastern nations, 181

Ventilation of the dining-room, 392

Ventre de truie à l’Athénienne; à la Romaine, 139

Verjuice, its ancient use, 277

Vertumnus, 95

Verus (the Emperor), invented a new dish, 257, 286

“ his couches, 373

Vespucius (Americus) introduced the turkey into Portugal, 165

Vesta, the goddess of bakers, 37

Vestis cœnatoria, convivial dress, 388

Vicar’s wine, 337

Victoria, coronation banquet of H. M. Queen, 408

Victua, the goddess of food, 356

Villar’s Swiss porter, 341

Vine, cultivated in England, 335

Vinegar, its alleged qualities; from Egypt; used to cool the cannons, 278

“ cruet, 264

Vines, protected by the Roman law, 324

Vinum Tethalassomenon, 330

Violatum wine, 331

Vitellius, brought the pistachio tree to Rome, 120

“ regaled on pheasants’ brains, 195

“ served with a dish of 7,000 birds, 208

“ grew tired of sea-eels, 221

“ his culinary expenses, 257, 348

“ was an active polyphagist, 341

“ his nocturnal banquets, 345

Vocatores, servants, 377

Voracity, examples of, 339, 341

Vulture, 194

Walnut tree, a native of Asia, consecrated to Jupiter, reserved to Persian kings, 118

Walnuts, when served; how eaten; their qualities; used as an antidote; strewed on the nuptial chamber, 119

Warwick, his prodigality (Earl of), 351

Washers, peniculi, 379

Water, a vivifying principle; venerated by ancient nations, 293

“ conveyed into Rome, 295

“ its curative virtue, 296

“ cure system, practised by the Romans, 297

“ hot, used to drink, 296

“ cresses, a native of Crete; esteemed by the Persians; despised by Plutarch; their properties, 84

“ an anti-scorbutic; how prepared 85

“ hen, 206

“ mills, 27, 28

Wax figures among the Romans, 377

“ vases, 318

Weaning supper, 357

Wedding-cake of the Romans, 286

“ wine, 337

“ repast of H.R.H. the Duke of Clarence, 351

“ day banquet, 357

“ of Charles VI., 259

Weights of the ancients, 130

Westphalia celebrated for hams, 137

Whales, 215

“ of four acres, 213

Wheat, 19

“ its price in Greece; public distribution in Rome, 21

“ its price in the olden times, 22

“ Indian, 44

Whiting, its light flesh, 230

“ its preparation, 231

Whitten used for tables, 368

Wild boar à la Troyenne, 185, 406

“ of immense size; served by Caranus; raised on farms, 186

“ how served, 187

“ how prepared, 186, 187

“ preceded by trumpeters, 187

Wild marjoram wine, 89

“ thyme, 89

William the Conqueror, his sumptuous banquets, 352

Wind-mills, 29

Wine, of grain; of the Britons, 301

“ obtained from fruits, 305, 322

“ disliked by some nations, 323

“ method of making, 325

“ fining of; how clarified, 327

“ of different kinds; Greek; Italian, 328

“ of a hundred leaves; white; red; two hundred years old; how to change its colour, 329

“ mixed with sea-water; of Chios; various made wines, 330

“ interdicted to Roman ladies, 331, 332

“ its price in Greece; in Rome, 331

“ the drink of generous souls, 332

“ of Campania, 333

“ dealers in, 336

“ used for presents and fees; of citizenship, 337

“ sweet, 326

“ hot, 393

“ press of the ancients, 325

Wood, an extraordinary eater (Nicholas), 341

Woodcock, how prepared, 207

Wood-hen, 206

Wormwood, esteemed by the Egyptians; its various uses, 93

“ wine; its composition; it prevented giddiness, 98, 334

Wreaths of flowers, 391

Wrestlers fed on pork, 135

“ rewarded with an ox, 142

“ fed with cheese, 173

Xerxes, fighting for figs, 114

Xiphias fish, 225

York banquet, 403

Ypocras, 338

Zea, rice wheat, 20

Zeno, of Citium, of the same nature as the lupins, 47

“ cooked his lentils himself, 57

Zythum, beer, 299

ERRATA.