CHAPTER XXXIX. THE REALITIES AND IMAGINATION OF THE NINETEENTH

CENTURY. THE INCREASE OF KNOWLEDGE AND CLEAR THINKING. THE NATIONALIST PHASE

§ 1. The mechanical revolution 384

§ 2. Relation of the mechanical to the industrial revolution 393

§ 3. The fermentation of ideas, 1848 399

§ 4. The development of the idea of Socialism 401

§ 5. Shortcomings of Socialism as a scheme of human society 411

§ 6. How Darwinism affected religious and political ideas 416

§ 7. Mr. Gladstone and the idea of Nationalism 426

§ 8. Europe between 1848 and 1878 436

§ 9. The (second) scramble for overseas empires 449

§ 10. The Indian precedent in Asia 461

§ 11. The history of Japan 464

§ 12. Close of the period of overseas expansion 469

§ 13. The British Empire in 1914 470