The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Estremoz to Felspar Volume 4, Part 3

Transcriber's note: In the pronunciation guides [=e] signifies "e macron"; [)e] "e breve"; [a:] "a with diaeresis below"; [.a] "a with dot above"; [n.] "n with dot below"; [:a]...

Early speculators regarded the ether as a species of fluid, which could be displaced by ordinary matter, so that upholders of the wave theory of light necessarily thought of wav...

During the last eighty years the discovery of a series of fossilized remains of extinct genera and species of the human family and of apes has given us a glimpse of the origin a...

The needs of the early Egyptians compelled them to devise sea-going ships, which in turn became the models of the Cretans, the people of East Africa, the Babylonians, the Phoeni...

EUDIOM'ETER (Gr. _eudios_, serene), an instrument originally designed for ascertaining the purity of the air or the quantity of oxygen it contains, but now employed generally in...

EURHYTHMICS, a general term, but usually used to denote a system of education evolved by Emile Jaques-Dalcroze of Geneva. This form of training bears on all art, but especially...

_History._--Europe was probably first peopled from Asia, but at what date we know not. The first authentic history begins in Greece at about 776 B.C. Greek civilization was at i...

On the 29th the British troops reached the line Compiegne-Soissons, the Germans on the same day occupying La Fere and Amiens, as well as Rethel and other towns along the French...

Fortunately the First Army under Haig had already been ordered in the direction best calculated to meet the new situation, though there was no longer any hope of its original or...

The scattered units of the German navy in other seas were gradually bottled up or destroyed. The Dreadnought _Goeben_, and the light cruiser _Breslau_, which were in the Mediter...

In order further to influence the dubious attitude of Roumania, a fresh Russian offensive in the Bukovina was begun in the last days of the year, with Czernowitz as the objectiv...

The main British attack was delivered by the First Army under Sir Douglas Haig along a front extending from La Bassee Canal in the north to the mining village of Grenay on the s...

17th June.--Attack renewed at Mort Homme. The attacks on both sides of the Meuse were prosecuted with increasing vigour till 28th, during which period the Germans took Hills 321...

Roumania's fate, following the tragedy of Serbia and the Allies' withdrawal from Gallipoli, strengthened the Greek military party round King Constantine, which was now openly pr...

All attempts to stop the flight were useless. On the night of 20th July the breach was 20 miles wide; on 21st July German guns were shelling Brussiloff's head-quarters at Tarnop...

Apart from the relentless submarine campaign, which every week exacted heavy toll yet never brought the Allies within measurable distance of the starvation-point to which the Ge...

Though every day added to the danger of delay, it was not until the end of May that the German army, its plans disorganized by its unexpectedly heavy commitments in the Amiens a...

There was a pause of nearly a week, in which the Germans awaited, and the Allies prepared the new move; and then, on 27th Sept., Haig's armies struck what Foch declared to be th...

General Gouraud relieved General d'Amade in the middle of May, but was badly wounded by a shell (30th June), and returned to France. General Sir Ian Hamilton, who had unceasingl...

The campaign seemed practically over at the beginning of 1917, when General Smuts was summoned to Great Britain to share in an imperial conference, and General Hoskins was left...

EVIL, ORIGIN OF. The difficulty of the question lies mainly in this, that the existence of evil in the world seems inconsistent with the view that it was created and is maintain...

EXCAVATIONS. The forgotten history of the remote past has been reconstructed by those scientists who have explored the sites of ancient seats of civilization. Egyptian and Babyl...

EXOBASIDIINEAE, a family of parasitic basidiomycetous Fungi, resembling the Exoascineae in most respects, but producing basidia in place of asci, a remarkable instance of parall...

Dynobel: nitroglycerine 15, collodion cotton 0.5, nitro-body 3, ammonium nitrate 46, wood-meal 5.5, salt 29.5, magnesium carbonate 0.5. Limit charge, 18 to 30 ounces. Swing of b...

_Vision._--The retina renders the eye sensible of light, and we may therefore consider it as the essential organ of vision. The function of the other portions is to focus the lu...

FACTORY ACTS, Acts passed for the regulation of factories and similar establishments. Considering that women and children were not qualified fully to protect themselves against...

FAIRIES AND ELVES. The fairies of folk-belief must be distinguished from the fairies of imaginative literature. Shakespeare, for instance, drew upon the fairy-lore of living tra...

FALD'STOOL (O.H.Ger. _falden_, to fold, and _stol_, chair), a folding stool provided with a cushion for a person to kneel on during the performance of certain acts of devotion,...

FAN-TRACERY, in architecture, elaborate geometrical curved work, which spreads over the surface of a vaulting, rising from a corbel and diverging like the folds of a fan. Fan-tr...

FA'TALISM, the belief in fate, or an unchangeable destiny, to which everything is subject, uninfluenced by reason, and pre-established either by chance or the Creator. Fatalism...

FEATHER-GRASS, the popular name of _Stipa pennata_, a native of dry places in the south of Europe. The rigid leaves roll up in dry air like those of marram-grass; the awns are e...