CHAPTER XXXIV.

IN THE STORM.

Drip! drip! fell the rain that day, two weeks after Stephen Archdale's return from Louisburg. It was an easterly drizzle that, looked at from the window, seemed to be merely time wasted, for the rain appeared to be amounting to nothing; but if one tried it, he found it chilling, penetrating, and gloomy enough. To Archdale, as he plodded through the muddy streets, Boston had never looked so dismal; yet within the last ten days he had tasted enough of its hospitality to have had the memory of its smiling faces lighten his gloom. But another memory overshadowed these. He had not been to see Mistress Royal during his stay in town. He wondered if this neglect seemed strange to her, or if she had not even noticed it. Of course, fêted and flattered as she was, the heroine of the hour, though bearing her honors under protest, she had not wasted her thoughts upon him. He was doing her injustice here, and he felt sure of it; she had thought of his meetings with Katie. But her very sympathy was what he wanted least of all; it was as strong a defence as the walls of Louisburg.

What did he want? Why had he not been to see her? Why should he go? The mist and dimness of the day were nothing to the obscurity in his own mind. All that he was quite sure of was, that whenever he had received an invitation, and the heroes of Louisburg had had lionizing enough, he had thought, first of all that he should meet Elizabeth Royal; yet when he had met her he had never talked much to her; but by stealth he had watched her constantly.

That morning he was walking toward her home. Should he go in and ask for her? He slackened his steps as he drew near. But what should he say to her? Commonplaces? He went on.

Elizabeth happened to go to the window as Archdale was disappearing down the street. Since his return an arrangement had been made to pay back the money that she had put into the Archdale firm, and a part of this had been already paid; the rest was to follow soon. It was no wonder that Mr. Archdale wanted to be rid of all thought of her, since she had made him lose what he valued most in the world. After a time she turned back to the open fire again and took up her book; but she did not read much. "Is it possible," she said to herself at last, "that it annoys me because he does not treat me as the rest do, as if I had done something wonderful? He knows better. And surely I have done him injury enough to make him wish never to see me again." Again she sat with her book in her lap and thinking. "There was a charm in that terrible life at Louisburg that I cannot find here," she said to herself at last. "I suppose I am not made for gayety. He was one of the figures in it, and he recalls it. But all that life has gone, and he with it." Then she was shocked at a disposition that could prefer bloodshed to peace. No; it certainly was not this: it was because for once she had been a little useful. She felt sure that Stephen Archdale had met Katie, and, as he went down the street past the house that rainy morning, Elizabeth's thoughts followed him with a pity all the more deep that it would be compelled to be forever silent.

A week went by,--a week of weather that had all the sultriness of August. Mrs. Eveleigh, more amazed at each added day of this, predicted calamity, and urged Elizabeth to give up an excursion that she had promised to take down the harbor with a party of friends. Sir Temple and Lady Dacre, who had spent the summer in Canada, and had returned to Boston, were among the guests; indeed, the party had been made for them, and, as the dainty yacht sped out to sea, none were more pleased with it, and with being in it, than Lady Dacre.

Archdale was nearer Mistress Royal than he had been since their walks and talks together at Louisburg. But Sir Temple Dacre had seized upon her almost at starting, and when the yacht ran ashore for the party to stroll under the trees on the point and to lunch there, the conversation was still going on. Sir Temple was asking Elizabeth about her late experiences and observations; he found the first very interesting, and the latter unusually keen.

As the company grouped themselves upon the beach, however, Elizabeth found Archdale beside her.

"I want you to see the waves from that point," he said. "It puts me in mind of one of the juttings of the shore up there."

She walked on with him, and two of her companions, who had heard the remark, followed, desirous, as they said, to get a sight of anything that could give them a hint of Louisburg. Elizabeth would not spoil Archdale's satisfaction by saying that she saw no resemblance. She listened while he answered the questions of the others, and by suggestions and reminders she led him on to vivid descriptions of one of the incidents of the siege. In talking he constantly referred to her. "You remember," he said, sometimes; or at others, "You were not there;" or, again, "It was on such a day," recalling some event with which she was connected. It seemed to Archdale very soon when the summons came to lunch.

"I haven't enjoyed myself so much for a long time. I hope we are not going home yet," protested Lady Dacre, as the party went on board again.

"No, indeed!" cried Archdale. "Where should you like to go, Lady Dacre?"

Her ladyship pointed to a line of shore a few miles distant. "Is that too far?"

"Not if the wind holds good," returned another of the party so promptly that a sailor, who was about to speak, drew back again with a frown, and contented himself with muttering something to his companions.

For a time the wind was fair; but when they had gone two-thirds of the distance it failed them. The boat lay, rocking a little, but with no onward progress, her sails hanging flabby and motionless. Gradually laughter and jest ceased from the lips of the pleasure-seekers.

"A shower coming up," said Sir Temple Dacre, in a tone that he wished to make unconcerned. But it was not a mere shower that threatened, but something more awful in the brassy heavens, the stifling atmosphere, the clouds that had gathered with a swiftness unprecedented in that region. The air seemed to have receded behind the clouds to swell the fury of the tempest that was coming. The stillness was full of horror; it seemed like the uplifting of a weapon to strike. The reticence of the sailors was ominous. This calm had fallen so suddenly that the boat had not been able to reach land, or even water more sheltered. It must meet the full fury of the tempest.

The lightning began to play incessantly. The thunder had a sound of struggle, as if the giant of the skies were breaking his fetters.

At length the listeners heard a sullen roar more prolonged than the tempest, and the wind was upon them. The little vessel shivered and flew before it. It swept past the cove that the sailors had hoped to enter, and bore down with terrible speed toward the rocky coast beyond. The sails had been furled, but the wind and the water needed no aid. The rain came, a blinding deluge; the forked bolts seemed to have set the air on fire; the crash of the thunder and the roar of the wind and the water all mingled together.

The company had scattered. Only a few had gone into the little cabin, the rest preferring to take what small chance the freedom of the deck might give them. With all conventionalities swept away, they were themselves as their companions had never seen them before and never would again. Some were crouched on the deck, with sobs and cries for help; some knelt in silent prayer, and others sat with a stoicism of bearing that their paleness and anxious eyes showed was superficial.

Elizabeth, with an unconquerable desire to meet death upon her feet, stood clinging to the mast. She had thrust her arm through a rope about it, and so could resist the wind which, as she stood, was somewhat broken to her by the mast. Archdale, catching by one thing and another, came toward her. Slipping one arm into the rope, he put the other about her in a firm support.

She looked up at him. She remembered him as she had seen him during the siege, imperturbable in a storm of shot. "You have faced death many times before," she said.

"Never with you beside me. The dread of this is that I cannot save you." And then, as he looked at her, all that he had come to understand, and had meant to break to her so slowly, lest she should be startled away from him, broke from him at once in impetuous speech. "But death with you, Elizabeth," he cried, "is better to me than life without you. I have known it for only a little time; I can't tell how long it has been true. But, in face of death, you shall know it. Don't think me fickle. You know better than any one else how I played out that game to the bitter end,--no, the happy end,--for at this moment I would rather stand here five minutes and speak out my heart to you, and feel that you love me, and die in your love, Elizabeth, than spend a long life by Katie Archdale's side. My darling, I am selfish. I would send you away to safety if I could; but I must be glad to have you here beside me." For she was clinging to him, and her head, that had from the first been bent to avoid the wind, was almost upon his shoulder. A moment ago he had thought that this would be enough to comfort him if she did not turn from him; now it was not even the beginning, it was only a divine possibility. He bent over her. "Before it is too late, my darling," he said.

But she did not speak. Only, after a moment, she raised her head, and their eyes met.

The wind shrieked in its fury, the water seethed and hissed, and the boat rushed on toward the rocks. The two turned their eyes away to watch the sea, and then back again upon each other.

"It is the water that unites us again," said Archdale, "and this time forever. My wife, kiss me once here before eternity come."

"Have you no hope?" she asked him.

"It is cruel," he answered. "No, I have none. When we touch the rocks the boat will go to pieces in an instant. And look at the sea." She raised her lips to his as he bent over her; no color came into her face; she was already at the gates of death. She spoke a few low words to Archdale, and then they stood together in silence.

Through the blackness of the storm they saw the turrets of foam where the water was raging over the hidden rocks. Elizabeth shivered. "My father!" she said, brokenly. Stephen could speak no word of comfort. He could only clasp her more closely as they waited for the fatal crash. His eyes now rested upon hers, and now measured the distance between the boat and the breakers.

"What does it mean?" he cried at last. "We are not going directly upon them now! Can the wind have veered? O God! is there any chance? any of life with you, Elizabeth? No, it cannot be." His voice had an unsteadiness that his conviction of the destruction that they were rushing upon had not given it.

The wind had veered, and in veering had fallen a very little. It no longer rained in such torrents; but the rain had been a discomfort unnoticed in the danger. The wind, still furious, and the rocks which they were nearing, left no one in the boat, thought for the rain.

It grew a little lighter. The vessel gave herself a shake, not like the straining of the moments before, and rushed on. Yet the wind had lost something of its force, and it was not now driving directly against the rocks, as Archdale had seen. It might veer and fall still more before they should be reached. There was still terrible danger; but there was, at least, one chance of escape.

So the minutes went by. The rocks grew plainer to the watchers until it seemed to them probable that they were passing over the outermost ones. But, if the boat could round the point before her without striking, it would find a smoother shore beyond.

With the brightening of the prospect Elizabeth had drawn away from Archdale, and they had joined the others who had revived a little in the new hope. All were breathless with suspense, for the next few moments were more full of instant peril than those that had gone before. At any moment they might strike, and then--half a mile or more of foaming water between them and the shore, while the two frail boats that they had to make the passage in would not hold them all.

The storm on shore was remembered for years as something nearer a tropical hurricane than had been known ever to have visited New England.

The boat swept on. Once there came a sound that made the listeners shiver, but the keel grated and passed over, the point was rounded, and they entered calmer water, wild enough, however, and found the wind still falling and the place more sheltered.

But it was not for some time, and not without great danger in the passage, that all the party stepped again upon land.

They were miles away from their homes, and must find present shelter, and such conveyance as they could.

On the way to a farm-house that had opened its doors to them, Archdale, who had been helping in getting the company on shore, joined Elizabeth. He took the shawl that she was carrying and threw it over his arm, making use of the opportunity to say a few words to her in an undertone.

He never forgot the expression with which she looked up at him. Embarrassment and amusement threw a veil over her gratitude for their safety, and over that new force in her that danger had revealed.

"You would not have had everything all your own way so readily," she said, "if--if--I mean, I--I should not have"--She stopped.

A terrible fear seized upon Archdale.

"You regret what you said? You did not mean it, Elizabeth?" His lips were dry. He spoke with difficulty. It had seemed to him too wonderful for belief.

She gave him one swift glance that set his heart aglow. She slipped her hand into his proffered arm, and went on demurely in the drenched procession.

END.

FOOTNOTES:

[E] Copyright, 1884, by Frances C. Sparhawk.

THE ORIOLE.

BY CLINTON SCOLLARD.

Oriole, sitting asway High on an emerald spray, Why that melodious zest, Bird of the beautiful breast, Bright as the dawn of the day?

What are the words that you say?-- "Sing and be merry with May, Since to be merry is best," Oriole?

Winter has wasted away; Gone are the skies that were gray: Hear the glad bird near its nest! Come let us join in its jest,-- Join in the joy of the gay Oriole!

A TRIP AROUND CAPE ANN.

BY ELIZABETH PORTER GOULD.

Mr. and Mrs. Gordon allowed no summer to pass without going with their family to some place noted for its beautiful or historical attractions. Their ten days' stay in Nantucket, in July, 1883, as well as their intelligent sojourn in Concord the following summer, had been to them a fruitful source of many an hour's conversation and pleasure.

And now the summer of 1885 was approaching, and where should they go? To be sure they could not have the delightful company of Miss Ray, the young lady who had been with them for several seasons, for she had married, and gone to reside in Colorado. But their daughter Bessie was still with them, and also their son Tom. He was now a student in the Institute of Technology. This constituted the Gordon family.

After a little discussion, it was decided to yield to Mrs. Gordon's desire to visit the home of her childhood, Manchester, Mass., and take what she had not taken for twenty years, a ride round the Cape. Bessie and Tom had never taken this trip, and Manchester was a good place to start from. These were two important considerations which finally decided the matter.

As they finished talking, Mrs. Gordon, in her zeal for historical truth, begged that whenever they thought of or wrote the name of the Cape, they would spell it with an _e_. She could not imagine Queen Anne spelling her name Ann.

"Indeed," she added, "your Uncle Tenney in his 'Coronation' spells it with an _e_, and so does Smith's 'Narrative,' the first document which tells of it. That should be authority, surely."

When the middle of July came, the Gordons started, as they had planned to do, to go to the home of Mrs. Gordon's mother in Manchester (now so well known as Manchester-by-the-Sea), on old High Street. The town had changed the name of this street to Washington, but the old lady could not be tempted to call it so, for she had always lived on High Street, indeed was born there, and she didn't see "why it wasn't the same street that it always was." The good-sized brick house in which she lived was particularly dear to Mrs. Gordon, since in it she first saw the light of this world, and in it some of her pleasantest child-days had been spent. So when upon their arrival she saw Tom boyishly stop to swing on the linked iron chains which marked the front entrance to the house, she herself was swinging on them, as in the olden days.

Upon entering the house, she found herself spontaneously going, just as she used to do, through the hall to the piazza on the back of the house, to catch a glimpse of the fresh green garden, with its summer houses--one of which enclosed the well--which to her youthful eye had been so grand. How prettily the nasturtiums, growing over the wall, adorned the time-honored lane by the house! No wonder that they had caught the artistic eye of Enneking. For these nasturtiums, with the dear old lane which had known her childish feet, the large elm tree, and even a portion of the house itself, as caught by his genius, had greeted her eye when a short time before she had been in New York city. Then the house had another and peculiar interest, since it had been dedicated, like a church. A relative of hers, a well-to-do sea-captain, had built it some fifty years ago, and although he was no professor of religion, yet he conceived this idea concerning it. Perhaps the size of the house had suggested this to him, since it was a large one for those days. Everybody thought it was so strange to have the minister come and hold a regular dedication service. The house was full of people to witness it. But when, many years afterward, the first services of a church which was formed from the old one were held in the parlors of this very house, many thought Captain Allen's act prophetic.

The morning after the arrival of the Gordon family at this interesting brick house, familiar to all old frequenters of Manchester, Mr. Gordon made arrangements for a ride around the town. Every year, he said, had something new to show. They went first in the direction of Gale's Point. The sight of the comfortable Smith farm, where Mrs. Gordon used to visit when a girl, brought to her mind the fact that the whole of this Gale's Point, where now there were no less than sixteen fine houses was then a part of this farm known as Major's Smith's pasture land. It could have been bought for a mere song. But now some of the land had brought over six thousand dollars an acre. How she did wish that her father had been far-seeing enough to have bought up all this shore when he could have done so for a mere pittance!

They stopped every little while to enjoy the fine ocean-views which the Point afforded. Mr. Gordon's business eye was noticing every improvement.

"They'll miss it," he said, as they passed in sight of the observatory on Doctor Bartol's place across the stream, "if they do not build a bridge over to Tuck's Landing. People then could drive directly there from Point Rocks here, instead of going way round through the town. It must come in time. It will come."

He seemed thus to have settled the matter, as far as himself was concerned; and then wondered why that little wooden building was being erected on the landing owned by the town. He found out its use, however, when, a few weeks later, he was an invited guest to one of the annual picnics held by the "Elder Brethren." These gatherings, he learned, had become quite an institution for the mingling of fish chowders and bright speeches.

Continuing their drive, they soon paused in front of the Howe place, for its fine sea-view, and, later on, by the Black residence, for the added inland view. The sight of Lobster Cove brought to mind the many good picnics once enjoyed there. Soon Gale's Point was behind them, and they were driving past the Masconomo, the hotel which gives such a pretty background of human interest to Old Neck beach. This Indian name suggested Indian history to Mrs. Gordon. She was so surprised that her children were ignorant of Masconomo, the sagamore of Agawam.

"Why, this town ought to have been named Masconomo," she added, after having told them of his kind treatment of Governor Endicott's men, when in 1630 they landed on these, his shores. "I am glad that Mr. Booth remembered him when he built this hotel. I thanked him once for it."

As she finished speaking, she called attention to the quaint, sloping-roof house perched upon a large, high rock, which they were then passing. This was the one which Mr. James T. Fields had built and occupied a number of summers before his death. The sight of it brought to mind some pleasant little experiences of her friendship with him, which she related as they continued their drive down the Old Neck road. On this they passed the house, perhaps a hundred years old, now owned and occupied by John Gilbert, the actor. A little further on they came to the Towne place, which, through the courtesy of its owner, gave them a good look at Eagle Head and the pretty houses which dot the surrounding shore. Returning, they drove for a while on the singing sands of Old Neck beach, before going back through the town towards West Manchester to Doctor Bartol's observatory. On reaching that, through the kindness of the venerable doctor, they were privileged to view from the top its fine outlook.

"What a short distance to Gale's Point," exclaimed Tom pointing in that direction, "but what a long ride round!"

"That's what I said," responded his father. "The bridge must come."

After driving through one or two of the neighboring places, and also through the Higginson woods, where as yet there was but one house, they drove back to the centre of the town. Before returning home they spent some little time in Allen's favorite corner-store, where they indulged with its genial owner--who was an old friend of Mrs. Gordon's--in pleasant reminiscences. He told them much of the present condition of the town, and of its projected changes. He said that the taxes, which had been as high as thirteen or fourteen dollars a thousand, and as low as four dollars and eighty cents, were just now six dollars and ten cents a thousand. He greatly interested Bessie and Tom by telling amusing and even thrilling anecdotes of some old ancestors of theirs who had been prominent in town affairs. He told of one in particular, an old sea-captain, who was captured by the British in the revolutionary war for being an American; how he suffered everything while incarcerated in Dartmoor prison, rather than deny his birthright. The originality of this old "grandsir," as he was called, also interested them. He always called the gentry, or the "upper ten," the "Qual." This was his name for the quality, as others called them. Tom was specially pleased to hear that the farm which he owned and lived on was still owned and occupied by his descendants, having been in the same family name since 1640. What is called "Leach Mountain" belongs to the estate.

As the Gordons were leaving the friend who had so entertained them, he invited them to go in the afternoon to the Essex woods to see the Agassiz rock, and the immense boulder near it. This invitation they were happy to accept. Bessie was the only one of the party who had visited the place. She had taken a trip there the summer before with a party of scientific people, and had not wearied in speaking of its peculiar characteristics. No wonder that Agassiz himself had come to see it, and expressed his admiration for it. Then such an immense boulder resting upon another boulder and bearing upon its summit a thrifty pine tree, was certainly a wonder. And they all thought so too, when in the afternoon they were climbing the rough ladder (manufactured by two Manchester gentlemen for the purpose) to obtain the views over all the trees of the town, and islands, with the ocean winding in and out. They found it hard to believe that such boulders found in thick woods could have been borne hither in ages gone by, by the force of the waters of the sea. But Tom declared, with a student's air which did not escape his father's attention, that since they all showed the marks of glacial action, it must have been so. After visiting this novel freak of nature, they drove up through the Essex woods. These woods of nearly four miles in length were especially dear to Mrs. Gordon, since they were so associated with good times of her youth. She silently thanked the far-seeing people who, to preserve them from the hand of the wood-cutter had secured a portion on each side of the road.

These drives around Manchester led her to reflect how the town was improving under the influence of its summer residents. New roads had been made, and one long since closed had been reopened. Bessie had told of this the summer before, when she had driven over its several miles of woods to the Chebacco lakes. The streets were now lighted and watered, and even some of the fences had been removed. This she considered a great improvement. Indeed, since her visit to Williamstown, and other towns in the Berkshire hills, she could not be wholly satisfied with any place seeking beauty as long as the houses were shut in by fences. She looked upon these as relics of barbarism, necessary only to primitive or disorderly regions. To be sure she did not see but four or five of the eleven or twelve cabinet manufactories which she used to see, but she saw a public library well patronized by the nearly two thousand inhabitants.

The large cobble-stones in front of some of the houses so attracted Tom's attention that they all decided to go the next day to Cobble-stone Beach to see these "hard-boiled eggs of the sea" which the ocean for ages had been rounding into perfect shape. This they did before they went to Norman's Woe to enjoy, with a party of friends, an old-fashioned picnic. While sitting on the rocks at Norman's Woe, Tom, at Bessie's request, recited The Wreck of the Hesperus. She could never think of the one without the other, the poet had so immortalized it.

They had several yacht sails, one day going as far as Marblehead Neck, where they landed, and enjoyed the hospitality of the Club House. Their swift return to Manchester in less than an hour's time was a great pleasure. But the days were going, and they were yet to go round the Cape. The day that was finally set for this purpose proved to be one of the loveliest of the season. By nine o'clock they were driving through the Manchester woods, where every now and then the sweet wild roses greeted them by the roadside. As Mrs. Gordon looked in among the stately pines she felt as never before the steady friendship of nature. The thought rested her. These old trees were as true to her to-day as they were years ago. She soon saw in the distance on Graves' Beach the house which the poet Dana, as one of the first summer residents, had built some forty years ago. This was still in the Dana name, and the one near it was the summer-house of the poet's grandson and his wife, the daughter of Longfellow.

Later they passed the Manchester poorhouse, with its good ocean-view, and caught a glimpse of Baker's island. When they came to a small pond by the roadside, separated from the salt water by only a narrow strip of land, Mrs. Gordon recalled how, when it was owned by the town (it now belonged to the Jefferson Coolidge estate), she and her brother used to gather its pond-lilies with the pink-tinted leaves. They were thought to be extra fine. Just before they reached the Crescent beach in Magnolia, they saw among the trees on the right the summer home of James Freeman Clarke. After pausing for a good look at Magnolia with its Hesperus, its Sea-View hotels, and its pretty cottages in the distance, and passing the boundary stone between Manchester and Gloucester, they found themselves in the Gloucester woods. They drove leisurely along to enjoy their fragrance. They passed the swamp where the magnolia plant grows, away from its Virginia home. Bessie, the day before, had seen for the first time in her life, in a garden in the village, its white fragrant blossoms on a plant which had successfully thrived, after having been transplanted from this swamp. Others had thrived as well, much to the delight of their owners.

Upon nearing Gloucester, the rocks became more apparent. The beautiful Hovey place on the right gave particular satisfaction to Mr. Gordon for its combination of woods, ocean-view, and look of solid comfort.

Soon Gloucester harbor, with Eastern Point lighthouse in the distance, came before them. Then they crossed the little narrow bridge under which the Massachusetts and Ipswich Bays meet. Tom had curiosity enough to notice that the Ipswich was then running into the Massachusetts.

After passing the Pavilion Hotel, and driving through Gloucester's main street with its busy outlook, they came to the Rockport road, with its quaint houses, resembling those of Marblehead. While on this road they saw, off on the right, Bass Rock, where was the summer home of Elizabeth Stuart Phelps.

Just before entering Rockport the rocks were so many and connected that, if they had chosen, they could have walked to the highway on Ipswich Bay on them alone. No wonder that such a place was called Rockport.

While in the town they went to the Cove to see something of the extensive fish business carried on there. They walked on to the Point, to see the old fort which, in the time of the revolutionary war, contained enough plucky men to seize a barge with men and a cannon, which a passing British man of War sent to besiege them. The men were taken to Gloucester, but the cannon was left there where it remained until it found a better place in the town-hall yard. There, all renovated, it now stands as a precious relic of American pluck.

Mr. Gordon was interested to see where the breakwater was to be, for which government had been petitioned. This he considered a necessity sure to come.

From Rockport they went on to Pigeon Cove, passing on the way thrifty-looking houses, the Rockport Granite Company quarries, and also those of the Pigeon Cove Company.

After having done justice to the good dinner which the Pigeon Cove House afforded, they continued their ride around the Cape. Driving on to Phillips Avenue, they passed the Ocean View House, and later the summer home of Sara Jewett, the actress. Next to this was the house of the late Doctor Chapin, who was a pioneer in Pigeon Cove as a summer resident. After passing other cottages, and some boarding-houses, they came to Halibut Point, the extreme point of Cape Ann. Here they alighted, and went down on the rocks, and spent some time, on this perfect summer day, in enjoying the grand old ocean. They then retraced their steps, and were soon driving past more pretty cottages nestling among the pine trees, surrounded by wild roses and well-directed care, until they come out to the main road again. They then drove through Folly Cove, a fishing-place facing Ipswich Bay, and also Lanesville, where they saw work going on in the Lanesville Granite Company quarries. At Bay View they visited the Cape Ann quarries. Here they saw the model of the Flying Mercury, which, cut in granite, had just been sent on to the new post-office in Baltimore. They also saw some granite balusters being made for the same place. All this reminded Mrs. Gordon of her visit here some fourteen years before, when she had seen the workmen cutting the eagle for the Boston post-office. The polishing of the granite attracted their attention. They learned that it took three days of constant rubbing of sand and water over the granite by machine to obtain the polish required. They next visited the place of General B. F. Butler, near there, and also the one adjoining it of Colonel Jonas French. Thence they returned to Gloucester, through the pretty winding road by the Squam river, leaving the village of Annisquam, connected by a bridge, at the right. They arrived in Manchester in the early evening, delighted with their all-day trip. Mrs. Gordon had enjoyed the striking and many changes which the twenty years had brought; while Mr. Gordon was more than ever convinced of the value of this shore to those seeking the beauty and healing strength of woods. They lingered a day or two longer in Manchester, in which they enjoyed a moonlight stroll on the beach, as well as a long, interesting drive all over Beverly Farms. While driving through Franklin Haven's beautiful grounds, which he so generously opens to the public, they, with others who had gone before them, gratefully appreciated this privilege of seeing such beauty away from the public thoroughfare. "In a peculiar sense," mused Mrs. Gordon, "such men are benefactors. They rest the tired eye, and calm the troubled nature."

The Gordons returned to their suburban Boston home wiser than they left it. And they are fully determined to take another trip next summer. (If they do, the readers of the _New England Magazine_ shall hear of it.)

EDITOR'S TABLE.

_Socialism in America and Europe._ It is a spectacle quite too sad for laughter, and yet too comical for tears, which was offered a few weeks ago by the unemployed and hungry thousands who disturbed the quiet and alarmed the fears of the people of London. That strange and unlooked-for outbreak was probably only the first act in a drama the end of which we have not yet seen. If "coming events cast their shadows before," what has happened in England, and is constantly happening in other European countries and in America, bodes ill for the stability of governments and the peace of the world. Socialistic theories fill the air, disturb the minds, and inflame the passions of men. Socialism, in one or other of its forms, counts its disciples by tens of thousands on both sides of the Atlantic. With the majority it is a dim and indistinct craving after an ideal condition of society, without any intelligent conception as to how it is to be reached and realized. The acknowledged lights and leaders of the movement, however, teach it as a philosophy, preach it as a gospel, advocate and practise it as a new style of social refinement, or labor for its adoption and establishment as a desirable scheme of social reform. There are philosophical socialists, and Christian socialists, and æsthetic socialists, and socialists whose dream can only be fulfilled by a general overturning of the existing order of things with a view to a more just and equitable distribution of wealth, labor, liberty, and happiness. They disagree in many things very radically, but they are all captured by one ideal and animated by one ambition, and it is a sublime and beautiful conception too, being nothing less than the consummation of human happiness--so far as such a thing is possible--and the creation of a heaven upon earth. Socialism contemplates a condition of society in which not only all shall share equally in work, profit, property, and enjoyment, but in which there will be no "capitalists, no middle-men, no rent-taking, and no interest-drawing, and if there is any wage-paying, only such wage as is a due and full equivalent for the portion of work done, which shall be measured by the exigencies of the community, and shall be so assessed and paid for as to leave no margin of profit to any but _actual_ workers;" a state of society, in a word, on which all kinds of toil, the lowest as well as the highest, will be so pleasant and agreeable as to be no toil at all. With so high and admirable an aim, it seems a pity that socialism can find no better way to fulfil itself than by a resort to lawlessness and violence. Notwithstanding all that has been said, sung, and written in its favor, especially in the two great English-speaking countries, it may still be described as "a thing with its head in the clouds and its feet in the intolerable mud." However, our business with our fellow-beings, as Spinoza said, is not to censure them, nor to deplore them, but simply to understand them.

* * * * *

_The Chinese Problem_ is one which is beset with so many difficulties--moral, social, religious, industrial, economic, international--that most thoughtful persons, probably, would prefer to leave it alone if the indulgence of private feeling in the matter could be made consistent with an adequate sense of public duty. As things have been, and still continue to be, however, silence is impossible. The question presses for solution, from many sides, with a painful persistency, and the further shelving of it would scarcely be good policy. Here in New England the problem may not confront us in that sternly practical aspect which it every day wears to the citizens of the Pacific Coast, and in other parts of the country, where considerable Chinese populations affect the industrial interests of the local communities. Nevertheless, its stable and satisfactory settlement is quite as much our concern as theirs. Indeed, recent incidents in and near Boston have made this perfectly plain. It is very true that the perpetration of outrage and violence on harmless and unoffending foreigners would not be tolerated for a moment by the public sentiment and lawful authorities of the New England and other Eastern States; but, in the judgment of other nations, not a section of the American people, but the whole nation, however unjustly, will be made to bear the responsibility of such lawless demonstrations of feeling as have recently taken place in the West, and endure the discredit and reproach of them.

Aside, therefore, altogether from the purely domestic bearing of this painful subject, there are strong and sufficient reasons why some immediate measures should be taken for the mitigation or removal of this grave national trouble. It is certainly not easy to say what is best to be done. Pride and prejudice of race is one of the most deep-seated and ineradicable of human infirmities, and one of the most difficult to deal with, especially when conjoined and complicated with other motives and passions equally, if not more, powerful. But, while the recent message of President Cleveland to Congress shows significantly enough how difficult the problem appears to a high-souled, benevolent minded, and practical statesman, it also contributes some valuable suggestions towards its solution, in the carrying out of which it is to be earnestly hoped he will be vigorously supported and assisted by congressional action.

* * * * *

_A Short History of Napoleon the First._[F] Naturally gifted with a fine faculty for historical criticism, and possessing an uncommon breadth and completeness of information in that department of historical research which his professional duties have called him specially to cultivate, Professor Seeley's historical judgments have acquired a weight and authority quite their own. We were, therefore, prepared, before opening this book, to find in its pages a careful and discriminating estimate of the military career and character of the Child of the Revolution,--and we have not been disappointed. The task Professor Seeley set himself was one requiring as much courage as intelligence and critical skill; and he has displayed all these qualities in a most admirable manner, with the result that a great historical problem has been appreciably advanced towards its true solution. Mr. Seeley is quite aware of the difficult and delicate nature of his undertaking. This feeling betrays itself constantly. "He lends himself readily to unmeasured panegyric or invective," says the Professor, "but scarcely any historical person is so difficult to measure." Again: "No one can question that he leaves far behind him the Turennes, Marlboroughs, and Fredericks, but when we bring up for comparison an Alexander, a Hannibal, a Cæsar, a Charles, we find in the single point of marvellousness Napoleon surpassing them all. Every one of those heroes was born to a position of exceptional advantage. Two of them inherited thrones; Hannibal inherited a position royal in all but the name; Cæsar inherited an eminent position in a great empire. But Napoleon, who rose as high as any of them, began life as an obscure provincial, almost as a man without a country. It is the marvellousness which paralyzes our judgment. We seem to see at once a genius beyond all estimate, a unique character and a fortune utterly unaccountable."

But, while admitting that the personality and the fortune of Napoleon were both alike surprising, Mr. Seeley contends that it is only the accidental combination of both which has impressed and captivated the imagination of mankind; and he believes that the separation of these factors by a calm exercise of the judgment will greatly simplify the problem and reduce the marvel of the great soldier's achievements. There will, of course, be some divergence of opinion as to this, but it seems to us that, on the whole, it is a judgment which subsequent historians will be likely to accept without serious modifications. It can hardly be called an absolutely impartial judgment. At no more than a distance of seventy years from Waterloo, that was not in the nature of things possible, if indeed it will ever be. The historian that would tell the story of the French Revolution, and estimate the character and result of Napoleon's military and political action, without bias or betrayal of personal sympathy or antipathy, would be a most extraordinary person; he could not be an Englishman; he could not be a Frenchman; he could not be a German; he could scarcely be an American, for obvious reasons. Bearing this in mind we cannot but think that Mr. Seeley has achieved considerable success in the difficult task he has undertaken in the later and more valuable portion of his book. Fully admitting, as he does, Napoleon's extraordinary military talents, his astonishing versatility and fruitfulness of resource, the promptitude, rapidity, and unerring precision of his movements, Mr. Seeley maintains that what is really marvellous is the remarkable combination of favorable circumstances which at the outset furnished his field, and the equally remarkable flow of good fortune which made him so successful in it. Commenting on the brilliant victory of Marengo, which the professor designates "his crowning victory," he says, "Genius is prodigally displayed, and yet an immense margin is left for fortune." He points out Napoleon's superstitious belief in his own unfailing good luck, and shows how, by expecting results entirely unwarranted by the probabilities, as at Leipsic, for instance, his strange hallucination finally proved ruinous to himself and to France.

* * * * *

The thanks of all lovers of literature are due to our enterprising contemporary, the _Century_, for securing and presenting to the public the opinions of leading American journalists, authors, and scholars on the subject of international copyright. The truly laudable endeavor of the _Century_ Company to obtain for the noble army of thinkers and writers on both sides the Atlantic the protection they desire and deserve will, it is hoped, not prove vain and futile. That any immediate and satisfactory step will be taken in this direction is scarcely to be expected. But the discussion of the question, in the form presented by the _Century_, will, at least, do something to break up the supineness and indifference of the reading public. That once done, some substantial redress of an old-standing grievance will not be much longer delayed.

FOOTNOTES:

[F] Boston: Roberts Brothers.

EDUCATION.

In determining a nation's place and power in the great work of modern civilization, it is not necessary to take into consideration the extent of its territory, the number of its population, the richness of its resources, the extent and prosperity of its commerce, the wealth of its people, the sufficiency of its naval and military defences, or even the form of its government and the character of its political institutions; the decision must mainly turn on the thoroughness, completeness, and comprehensiveness of its educational machinery and work. Judged by this standard the United States may fairly claim to be assigned a foremost place in the great community of enlightened and progressive modern peoples. It is very true that the high schools, colleges, and universities of the country cannot boast a great historic past; that they can scarcely be said to be so completely equipped and munificently endowed as many of the English and German seats of learning; but these disadvantages of a young and growing nation will, in course of time, diminish and disappear, while newer and happier educational methods, employed in a freer and more favorable field, will be sure to produce results not hitherto achieved in this most important department of human enterprise and activity.

The attention of the American nation is being turned, as never before, to the question of education; the wealth of the nation is being literally poured forth upon a scale and with a munificence unprecedented perhaps in the history of the world. "In the single decade, from 1870 to 1880," says Dr. Warren, President of the Boston University, in his report for the year 1884-85, "private individuals in the United States consecrated to educational purposes, by free gift and devise, more than thirty millions of dollars." This fact, taken in conjunction with the truly noble deed of "the Hon. Leland Stanford, who by one act set apart for the founding and equipping of a new University in California the magnificent endowment of twenty millions of dollars," speaks volumes. The educational future of America was never so full of promise as to-day.

HISTORICAL RECORD.

January 15.--Annual meeting of the American Statistical Society, at Boston. Officers were elected as follows: President, Francis A. Walker; vice-presidents, George C. Shattuck and Hamilton A. Hill; corresponding secretary, Edward Atkinson; recording secretary, Carroll D. Wright; treasurer, Lyman Mason; librarian, Julius L. Clarke; counsellors, J. R. Chadwick, Benjamin F. Nourse, John Ward Dean; committee on publication, R. W. Ward, Walter C. Wright, C. D. Bradlee; finance committee, Lyman Mason, D. A. Gleason, Otis Clapp. Edward Atkinson read a paper in which he discussed the question of the cost of living, and showed that the tendency, recent and present, has been, and is, an ameliorating one.

* * * * *

January 16.--The Salem Athenæum proprietors held a meeting to take action on the proposed consolidation of its library with the several other private collections, for the nucleus of a public library. The proposition had already been accepted by the Essex Institute, and a committee appointed to confer with other societies. There was some discussion, and a committee, consisting of William Mack, the Rev. E. B. Willson, John Robinson, T. Frank Hunt, and Charles Osgood, was chosen by a vote of 41 to 10 to carry out the project of consolidation.

* * * * *

January 18.--Annual meeting of the Webster Historical Society, at the Old South Meeting-house, in Boston. Officers were elected as follows:--

President, the Hon. Joshua L. Chamberlain, of Maine.

Vice-Presidents.--The Hon. Alexander H. Rice, Massachusetts; the Hon. George F. Edmunds, Vermont; the Rev. Noah Porter, Connecticut; the Hon. Henry Howard, Rhode Island; the Hon. Austin F. Pike, New Hampshire; the Hon. James G. Blaine, Maine; the Hon. Thomas F. Bayard, Delaware; the Hon. William M. Evarts, New York; the Hon. J. Henry Stickney, Maryland; the Hon. D. W. Manchester, Ohio; the Hon. John Wentworth, Illinois; the Hon. Lucius F. Hubbard, Minnesota; the Hon. J. C. Welling, District of Columbia; the Hon. George C. Ludlow, New Jersey; General William T. Sherman, Missouri; Dr. Edward W. Jenks, Michigan; Capt. Clinton B. Sears, Tennessee; the Hon. Joseph B. Young, Iowa; the Hon. Horace Noyes, West Virginia; the Hon. James H. Campbell, Pennsylvania; the Hon. William H. Baker, New Mexico, and the Rev. Charles M. Blake, California.

Executive Committee.--The Hon. Stephen M. Allen, Edward F. Thayer, Nathaniel W. Ladd, the Hon. Edmund H. Bennett, and the Hon. Albert Palmer.

Finance Committee.--The Hon. Nathaniel F. Safford, William B. Wood, Henry P. Kidder, Edward F. Thayer, and the Hon. Alexander H. Rice.

Historiographers.--The Rev. William C. Winslow, the Rev. Edward J. Young, and the Rev. Thomas A. Hyde.

Committee on Future Work.--The Hon. Nathaniel F. Safford, the Hon. E. S. Tobey, Stillman B. Allen, the Hon. Mellen Chamberlain, and Thomas H. Cummings, Esq.

Treasurer.--Francis M. Boutwell.

Recording Clerk.--Nathaniel W. Ladd.

Corresponding Secretary.--Thomas H. Cummings.

Actuary.--William H. Colcord.

The annual address, entitled "Daniel Webster as an Orator," was then delivered by the Rev. Thomas Alexander Hyde.

* * * * *

January 18.--At Lowell, Mass., the Joint Special Committee of the City Council, appointed to consider the expediency of observing April 1, the fiftieth anniversary of the city's incorporation, by a formal celebration, decided that it was expedient. James Russel Lowell, who is a nephew of Francis Cabot Lowell, the founder of the city, will probably deliver the oration.

* * * * *

January 28, 29.--A serious ice-storm did great havoc among trees in many of the cities and towns of New England.

* * * * *

February 11.--Meeting of the Mass. Historical Society, the Rev. Dr. Ellis, the president, being in the chair. The death of Francis E. Parker, who had been for twenty-three years a member of the society, called forth earnest words from those who were intimately associated with him.

Mr. Quincy presented to the cabinet of the society a piece of Shakspere's mulberry-tree, which had been cut from a block that belonged to David Garrick, and was sealed with his seal (a head of Shakspere), as a witness of its authenticity. This block was presented to the distinguished actor by the mayor, aldermen, and burgesses of Stratford, at the famous jubilee of 1769. Mr. Quincy gave a short sketch of Robert Balmanno, a Shaksperian scholar and collector, who possessed the original block, with Garrick's seal upon it, and whose affidavit is attached to the piece given to the society. The Hon. R. C. Winthrop presented to the society a large framed photograph of Daniel Webster, taken from an original crayon portrait which has been hanging on his own walls for forty years. The latter was drawn by Eastman Johnson at Mr. Winthrop's request, and at the very time that Healy was taking a likeness in oil for the royal gallery at Versailles. The sittings, which lasted about a week, were held in one of the old committee-rooms of Congress, down in the crypts of the Capitol. The crayon, when finished, elicited expressions of admiration from some of the most intimate friends of Mr. Webster, and it was afterwards lithographed; but this photograph is better, and is hardly less impressive than the original. The president read a letter of sympathy prepared to be sent to Gov. Hutchinson on his departure for England by some prominent citizens of Milton. An indignant protest from other citizens compelled the retraction of this letter before it was sent. These papers will appear in a history of Milton now in preparation. Mr. Deane offered a resolution from the Council that a committee be appointed to inquire into the value and extent of the labors of Mr. B. F. Stevens in publishing from the archives of the states of Europe the diplomatic correspondence and other papers relating to the United States between 1772 and 1784, and to report whether or not it be desirable for this society to take any action to encourage the work. Mr. Winsor and Dr. Green were appointed members of this committee. Dr. Moore moved that a letter once written by a committee of this society on the centennial celebration of the settlement of Boston, which does not appear on its records, be reproduced in the proceedings, since the action of this society was the first step which led to that interesting celebration.

* * * * *

February 13.--Meeting of the New England Historical Genealogical Society, President Wilder in the chair. The historiographer announced the decease of members, of which information had been received, viz.: Ashael Woodward, M.D., at Franklin, Conn., December 30, 1885; Ariel Low, at Boston, January 5, 1886; Nahum Capen, LL.D., at Dorchester, January 8; Francis Walker Bacon, at Boston, January 17; Edmund Batchelder Dearborn, at Boston, January 22; Henry Perkins Kidder, at New York, January 28. The corresponding secretary made a statement as to some of the more valuable gifts of books for the month, the donation of chief value being a full set of Force's "American Archives," from the Hon. M. P. Wilder. The secretary, the Rev. Mr. Slafter, also made a statement concerning the proposition recently made by Mr. Benjamin F. Stevens, an antiquarian of local celebrity, formerly resident in Vermont, but now in England. He has made a collection of titles of manuscripts relating to American affairs during the period from 1772 to 1784, which manuscripts are in the government archives of England, France, Holland, and Spain, and number 80,000 or more. Many of them are of the first historical importance, and have never been published. The proposition is that Congress shall be induced to take some measures for the printing of these indexes and the more important of the manuscripts. The society, on Mr. Slafter's motion, adopted a resolution in favor of the project, and appointed a committee to coöperate with other committees or societies in urging the matter at Washington. Mr. Slafter declined being chairman of the committee, and it was made up as follows: Abner C. Goodell, John Ward Dean, Albert H. Hoyt, Edmund F. Slafter, and Charles L. Flint. The historical essay of the session was read by Mr. S. Brainard Pratt, of Boston, and its subject was "The Bible in New England." In referring to the use of the Bible in the Sunday service, by reading of selections therefrom, he said this was for a long time resisted. The first reading of the kind was in the Brattle-street Church, in Boston, in 1699, and it was regarded as an audacious innovation, as savoring of Presbyterianism, and being but little better than Episcopalianism in disguise. The next church to adopt the practice was that of South Reading, in 1645, and the next was in 1669, when the Old South Church, in Boston, took up with it. The progress of the movement was very slow, as is indicated by these facts, and the fact that in the South Parish Church, of Ipswich, there was no reading of Scripture, as a part of the service, until the year 1826. The essayist said there have been 326 versions, of varying editions, of the New and Old Testaments, or both, published in New England, namely: In Rhode Island, 1; Maine, 12; Vermont, 18; New Hampshire, 25; Connecticut, 83; Massachusetts, 187. There yet remains one in manuscript, of great interest, which the enterprise and wealth of Boston have never yet given to the world in type. That is the version prepared by Cotton Mather, and the manuscript of which is in the possession of the Massachusetts Historical Society.

* * * * *

February 13-16.--Floods did great damage in Boston and other places in Eastern Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut.

NECROLOGY.

January 16.--Death of Henry W. Hudson, LL.D., at Cambridge, from exhaustion following a slight surgical operation. He was one of the most noted Shaksperian scholars in the world. He was born in Cornwall, Vt., January 28, 1814. His early life was, like that of so many other Green Mountain boys, one of poverty, struggle for a livelihood and an education, till finally he had gained his much-coveted collegiate training, and began life as a teacher in the South. He became interested in Shakspere, studying the plays with only the slight aids then within his reach. Almost immediately he fell to work upon his critical analysis of the dramatist, which he delivered in the form of lectures at Huntsville, and afterwards at Mobile and Cincinnati. In the fall of 1844 he came to Boston, and was constantly engaged in delivering his Shaksperian lectures, during the following winter, in Boston and the chief neighboring cities. The succeeding year they were repeated in Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington. George S. Hillard, Theodore Parker, Dr. Chandler Robbins, and Mr. Emerson became deeply interested in him. His lectures were first published in 1848, and were dedicated to Richard H. Dana. Mr. Hudson was admitted to the diaconate in the Episcopal Church by Bishop Whittingham, in Trinity Church, New York, in 1849. He was still more or less engaged in literary pursuits, and in 1852 became and continued for nearly three years the editor of the _Churchman_, a weekly religious journal then published in New York. Subsequently he originated the _Church Monthly_, which he edited a year or two. His only parochial charge has been that of St. Michael's, Litchfield, Conn., assumed in 1858 and retained until 1860. It was in 1851 that his first edition of "Shakspere's Plays" appeared, in eleven volumes, after the form and style of the Chiswick edition of 1826. In 1852 he married Miss Emily S. Bright, daughter of Henry Bright, of Northampton. In 1862 he became chaplain in the New York Volunteer Engineers. From 1865 Mr. Hudson lived principally in Cambridge, frequently officiating in parish churches on Sundays, but principally devoting himself to the teaching of Shakspere and other English authors, in Boston and the immediate neighborhood. He was for a long time a lecturer on English literature at the Boston University. A few years ago he received the degree of LL.D., from Middlebury College. For two years he was the editor of the _Saturday Evening Gazette_. In 1870 Messrs. Ginn & Heath became his publishers, and brought out his "School Shakspere" in three volumes, containing seven plays each. In 1872 he put into two volumes the substance of his earlier volumes on "Shakspere's Characters," revising, condensing, rewriting his earlier work, parts of which he had outgrown, and presenting his final opinions, under the title of Shakspere's "Life, Art, and Characters," which he dedicated to his friend, Mr. Joseph Burnett, of Southboro'. It is but a few years since his "Harvard Shakspere" was brought out.

* * * * *

January 17.--Death of the Hon. Hosea Doton, of Woodstock, Vt., aged seventy-four. He was a man of wide reputation as a mathematician and civil engineer, and had long been in correspondence with leading scientists in different parts of the country. His work in determining altitudes of Vermont mountains is accepted as authority. For thirty-eight years he made astronomical calculations for the _Vermont Register_, also many years for the _New Hampshire Register_, and had long kept a meteorological record for the Smithsonian Institute.

* * * * *

January 18.--Death of the Rev. Jacob Hood, at his residence in Lynnfield. He passed his ninety-fourth birthday on Christmas-day last. He was born in Lynnfield, December 25, 1791, and moved to Salem in 1820, where he was master of the old East School in 1822, remaining until 1835, at a salary of $600 per year. He taught an old-fashioned singing-school in Salem from 1835 to 1850, and hundreds of his old pupils in Essex county delight to speak of him as "Master Hood." He returned to Lynnfield in May, 1865, where he had quietly resided since, respected and beloved by all around him.

* * * * *

Sudden death, in Boston, of Francis Edward Parker. He was the only son of the Rev. Dr. Nathan Parker, minister of the Unitarian Church at Portsmouth, N.H., and was born in that city, July 23, 1821. He was educated at Phillips Exeter Academy, and from thence came to Harvard College, where he graduated in 1841 with the highest honors of his class. He studied his profession in the law-school at Cambridge, and in the office of the late Mr. Richard H. Dana, and on his admission to the bar, about 1846, he formed a professional connection with that gentleman which continued until Mr. Dana's appointment to the office of United States District Attorney, in 1861. He early gained a good position as a lawyer, but his tastes led him more to chamber practice and to the management of trust estates than to the conflicts of the court-room, although he never entirely gave up the latter. As a trust lawyer he stood in the front rank of the profession, and no one was intrusted with greater and more momentous interests, and no one's judgment was relied on with more implicit confidence on difficult and delicate questions. In 1865 he was a member of the State Senate. For many years he was a member of the School Committee and an Overseer of the Poor, and rendered efficient services in those positions. He was long an active officer of the Boston Provident Association, and at the time of his death had been for many years one of the most influential members of the Board of Overseers of Harvard University.

* * * * *

January 19.--Death, at Springfield, Mass., of Benjamin Weaver, one of the founders of the _Springfield Union_. He was the most active and influential Democrat in that city.

* * * * *

January 21.--The Hon. Samuel Metcalf Wheeler, a prominent citizen of Dover, N.H., died after a protracted illness. He was born in Newport, N.H., May 11, 1823; educated in the seminary at Claremont, N.H., the military academy at Windsor, Vt., and the Newbury Seminary; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1847; soon after moved to Dover, and became a partner with ex-Congressman Hall. In 1858 the partnership was dissolved. He represented Dover in the Legislature for five years; was a member of the Constitutional Convention, Speaker of the House; was a candidate for Congress in the Republican Convention in the First District, twice being defeated by only one vote, and he received the honorary degree of M.A. from Dartmouth. He was at one time president of the Dover National Bank.

* * * * *

January 23.--Death at Chester, Vt., of Deacon A. B. Martin, well-known and much respected through that region. He was aged sixty-three. He was formerly a member of the State Legislature, and had held a number of offices of trust.

* * * * *

January 28.--Death in New York of Henry P. Kidder, the Boston banker. He was born in Boston, in 1821. During his youth he received the common-school education of those days, displaying in his studies much of the keen sagacity and clearness of intellect which characterized his future business career. Although never a college student, he was always what may justly be termed a well-read man, and, indeed, a learned one. At fifteen years of age he went a mere boy into the wholesale grocery house of Coolidge & Haskell, a firm well-known to many of Boston's older residents. In his capacity as clerk he displayed a marked ability, and won for himself the commendation of his employers. In 1842 Charles Head obtained for him a position in the banking-house of John E. Thayer & Brother. In twelve years he became a partner, and so continued until 1865, when a new firm was started, under the present name of Kidder, Peabody, & Co. Twenty years of unexampled prosperity have placed it in the foremost rank of America's banking establishments.

Mr. Kidder always shrank from publicity, and led a thoroughly domestic life. He, however, was a Republican delegate to the National Republican Convention in Chicago in 1884. He was president of the American Unitarian Association, Treasurer of the Museum of Fine Arts, State Trustee of the Massachusetts General Hospital, President of the Children's Mission, Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Young Men's Christian Union, and was also connected with most of the charitable institutions and organizations of the city. He had been for many years one of the leading members of the South Congregational Church, and one of its committee, taking a most active part in the work of the society.

* * * * *

January 31.--Death, at Marblehead, of Adoniram C. Orne, a well-known and highly respected citizen of that town, at the age of 74. He was one of the earliest shoe-manufacturers in Marblehead, and a public-spirited citizen, many important local improvements having been suggested and carried into effect by his persistent efforts. He was a consistent advocate of temperance, and was the author of several statistical pamphlets on the subject, some of which are recognized as authority, and have a wide circulation.

* * * * *

February 7.--Death, at Worcester, of Hon. Peter C. Bacon, of the law firm of Bacon, Hopkins, & Bacon. He was born in Dudley, in 1804. He was the son of Jeptha Bacon. He graduated from Brown University in 1827, and later read law at the New Haven Law School, and in the office of Davis & Allen, in Worcester. He was admitted to the bar in 1830, and commenced to practise in his native place, but soon removed to Oxford, where he went into partnership with Ira M. Barton, who subsequently became Judge Barton. In 1845 Mr. Bacon came to Worcester, and had ever since been the leading member of the bar. Since his admission to the bar, fifty-six years ago, Mr. Bacon's office has been a training-school for the youth of the profession, and among his old students are reckoned some of the leading lawyers of the State. Nearly one-half the lawyers in Worcester were formerly students under him, and there is scarcely a State in the Union that has not some representatives from this great law-office.

* * * * *

February 7.--Death, in Boston, of John G. Webster. He was born at Portsmouth, N.H., on the 8th of April, 1811, and was, therefore, nearly 75 years of age. He was a distant kinsman of Daniel Webster. His paternal grandmother was a kinsman of John Locke, the English philosopher and metaphysician. His maternal ancestors, from whom he received his middle name,--the Gerrisbes,--emigrated from England to this country in 1640.

Mr. Webster's early education was in the schools of Portsmouth, N.H., and at a boarding-school of five hundred or six hundred boys, at South Berwick, Me., which he was obliged to leave at the age of fourteen to serve as clerk and book-keeper in a village store. In 1841 Mr. Webster came to Boston and joined his brother, David Locke Webster, who had for several years been engaged in the leather business, and they established the firm of Webster & Co., with a joint capital of $12,000; the same firm is still in existence, one of the oldest, if not the oldest in the same line of business in the city of Boston. In 1845 the firm built a tannery and leather manufactory in Malden, which covered about one acre of ground. The same business now occupies an area of between twelve and fifteen acres. Mr. Webster was in former years one of the most active business men in this vicinity, engaged in many other enterprises outside of his regular business. He was one of the incorporators of the Malden Bank; was its president for several years; was one of the incorporators of the Malden & Melrose Gas Company, and one of the Suffolk Horse Railroad Company, since consolidated with the Metropolitan, of which he was a director and the treasurer for some years. He was director and treasurer of the Boston, Revere Beach, & Lynn Railroad from its incorporation to the year 1880. He was a member of the City Council of Boston in 1855 and 1856. He represented his ward in the Legislature of Massachusetts in 1857, and again in 1880 and 1881.

Mr. Webster, when a young man, was in sympathy with the Whig party; but, on the organization of the Free Soil party, became its earnest supporter, and so continued until the formation of the Republican party, of which he remained an ardent advocate until the day of his death.

His only son, Frederick G. Webster, in the year 1863, while yet a minor, was tendered by Governor Andrew a commission as Lieutenant of the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts,--Colonel Shaw's regiment,--one of the first regiments of colored troops organized in the country. He accepted his commission. Mr. Webster was too patriotic, too much devoted to the good cause, to withhold his consent that his son should enter the army, and the young man joined his regiment at Folly Island, South Carolina. In an engagement which occurred soon after the captain of the company was killed, and Lieutenant Webster took the place of his fallen superior, and his comrades testify that he filled it with intrepid courage and efficiency throughout the battle. Subsequently he fell sick with typhoid fever, was taken to the hospital at Beaufort, S.C., and there died, before his father could reach him. Mr. Webster leaves a widow and four grown daughters, sorrow-stricken at his sudden and unexpected decease.

Any one who knew Mr. Webster in connection with charitable and philanthropic work must testify to the gentle, loving kindness of his nature and to his ready sympathy with the sorrows and misfortunes of his fellow-creatures, and with every good work intended to ameliorate their condition. He was one of the original members of the Citizens' Law and Order League, was one of its first vice-presidents, and remained one of its officers to the day of his death. He was the treasurer of the National League, and the secretary bears testimony to his unfailing interest in the good work, to his thorough sympathy and hearty coöperation in all efforts to mitigate the evils of intemperance. No member of the League devoted more earnest zeal and self-sacrificing labor to promote the reforms initiated by the League. He was a member of the Public School Association, and a postal-card invitation to a meeting of that Association, on Saturday last, bore his name in connection with that of the Rev. Edward Everett Hale and several other gentlemen.

On Wednesday last Mr. Webster was out. On that evening he was feeling a little ill, and postponed engagements which he had made for Thursday. He supposed his illness only temporary, and expected to be out on Friday and again on Saturday. When his family retired Saturday night they bade him good-night, and he told them that he felt better. At three o'clock in the morning they were awakened, and, hurrying to his room, found that he apparently had difficulty about breathing, and in a few minutes he passed quietly away without speaking. Mr. Webster was a member of the New or Swedenborgian Church, and held to that faith very strongly. He was a believer that departed spirits still hover about their friends and assist them in the good which they are endeavoring to accomplish. If such be the case, many a good cause in Boston to-day is being helped by his presence, although he is gone from us forever.

IN OLDEN TIMES.

In Wickford, Rhode Island, is what is claimed to be the oldest Episcopal church in America. It was built in 1707, and was once stolen and transported a distance of seven miles. It was originally built on what was then called McSparren Hill, but in the course of seventy-five years the population had changed so that most of the worshippers came from Wickford, seven miles away. The proposition to remove the church was first made at a vestry meeting, but was so bitterly opposed by the few members who yet remained on McSparren Hill that the Wickford faction resolved on a _coup d'état_. The road from where the church stood to Wickford was all down hill. They mustered their forces one evening, collected all the oxen in the vicinity, placed the house on wheels, and, while the opposing faction were soundly sleeping in their beds, hauled the holy edifice to the spot where it now stands, and where it has since remained. As it was utterly impossible to move the house back up the hill again, the surprised hill residents could only vent their rage in unchurchly language. Although the old building is still standing, the present society worship in a more modern edifice.

The house built by Elnathan Osborn, in 1696, still stands in Danbury, Connecticut. One of the Osborns was six years old when General Tryon's British troops visited the place. The lad came home from school to find the house full of redcoats. They were making free with the contents of the buttery. The boy attempted to back out, when one of the men called to him, "Come in, lad, we won't hurt you." "Is there any cider in the house?" asked the soldier. The boy took out a large wooden bowl, went down cellar, and filled it several times with apple juice for the men. When the British fired the village, a few hours later, there was no torch applied to the home of Elnathan Osborn. The house still stands at the foot of Main street. It is a low, hip-roofed house, studded with enormous beams, and lighted with tiny diamond window-panes.

The oldest building in Boston is said to be the one which stands at the corner of Moon and Sun Court streets. It was built in 1677, and conveyed by Benjamin Rawlings to Ralph Barger, February 8, 1699, for £45, New England currency, as per record in Registry of Deeds, lib. 19, fol. 270.

John Hollis, Braintree, who died in 1718, left, as is recorded in the inventory of his estate, "one baptising suit."

Edwin D. Mead, of Boston, is to give a course of six lectures on "The Pilgrim Fathers," before the students of Bates College at Lewiston, Me. The lectures will begin March 1, and will be open to the public.

The New Haven Colony Historical Society has for its officers Simeon E. Baldwin president, ex-Governor English vice president, Thomas R. Trowbridge, Jr., secretary, Robert Peck treasurer, and a board of twenty-five directors.

A lively discussion has been started as to which is the oldest church in Connecticut. Stamford claims that its church that just celebrated its two hundred and fiftieth anniversary was the first organized on Connecticut soil. An old pastor of the First Church of Hartford writes to claim that that church was organized in 1633, and that the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary was celebrated in 1883. Stamford does not deny that the Hartford Church may have been organized in 1633, but says it was not in Connecticut at that time.

Hartford, Conn., has a public library of thirty-six thousand volumes, but it costs anybody five dollars a year to get books out of it, and there are only six hundred people in the whole city who care to pay that price for its privileges.

* * * * *

OLD MARRIAGE RECORDS.

The following authentic list of marriages, by the Rev. Thomas Skinner, second pastor of the Congregational Church in Westchester parish, in the town of Colchester, Conn., is furnished for use in the NEW ENGLAND MAGAZINE, by Mr. Martin L. Roberts, of New Haven, Conn.:--

1755.--Sept. 1, Caleb Loomis, Jr., and Ann Strong; Ezra Bigelow and Hannah Strong.--Sept. 24, John Carrier and Hannah Knowlton.

1756.--Nov. 5, Rev. Ephraim Little and Mrs. Abigail Bulkley.

1758.--Jan. 4, Policarphus Smith and Dorothy Skinner; John Mitchell and Hepzibah Shepardson.--Jan. 24, Jacob Smith and Jemima Fuller.--April, Joshua Bailey and Ann Foot.--April 27, Samuel Brown of East Hampton and Elizabeth Brainerd.--May 4, William Chamberlain, Jr., and Mary Day; Bezaleel Brainerd and Hannah Brainerd.

1759.--Paul Gates and Mehitable Rogers; ----, Jehiel Fuller and Sarah Day; ----, Daniel Shipman and Elizabeth Hartman.--July 10, John Bigelow and Hannah Douglas.--Nov. 8, John Murray and Desire Sawyer.--Dec. 6, Noah Day and Ann Loomis.

1760.--David Bigelow and Patience Foote.--April, Roswell Knowlton and Ann Dutton.--May 7, Thomas Chipman and Bethiah Fuller.--May 29, Levi Gates and Lydia Crocker.--Dec. 9, Lazarus Watrous and Lois Loomis.--Dec. 24, Hezekiah Waterman and Joanna Isham.

1764.--Jan. 8, David Bigelow and Mary Brainerd; Benjamin Morgan and Elizabeth Isham.

* * * * *

AN EARLY BELL IN SALISBURY.--The town records of Salisbury, Mass., under date of 3, 1st mo. 1647: "it was ordered yt Richard North shall have fivetie shillings for ringing the bell tow yeares & a half past & twenty shillings to ring it one yeare more, beginning att Aprill next ensueing." A year previous it was "voated to daube the meeting house."

A. T.

* * * * *

THE BOUNDARY LINE BETWEEN MASSACHUSETTS AND NEW HAMPSHIRE.--A committee appointed by the freemen of Salisbury, Mass., in 1658, to determine the boundary between Salisbury and Hampton (between Massachusetts and New Hampshire), reported, "the sayed line is very darke & doubtful to us." The same can be said in 1886, two hundred and thirty-three years later.

A. T.

* * * * *

The occasional revival of an old Indian name for an hotel, club, or street should interest every American. Indeed, such names should be more frequently revived than they are, to connect us in our history with the Indian who preceded us. They also have an educational value. For it is a fact that many, upon hearing, for the first time, of the _Mas'cono'mo_ and _Nan'nepash'emet_ hotels at Manchester-by-the-Sea and Marblehead respectively, have been led to seek for the origin of the names, and in this way have made their first acquaintance with the old Indian chiefs who held full sway where the hotels now stand. It is possible that many have been led to look up Indian history still farther since the new _Algonquin_ Club was formed in Boston.

It is to be regretted that so many of the full-of-meaning, musical Indian names ever should have been replaced by such commonplace English ones as are now frequently met with. Who can say that _Chelsea_ is an improvement on sweet _Win'nisim'met_? Or that the slight elevation which joins that city to Everett, called _Mount Washington_ (how ludicrous that must strike strangers who are familiar with _the_ Mount Washington!), was not better as _Sagamore Hill_, the Indian name for it? Some of its public-spirited inhabitants are going back to that; and they dare to prophesy that, by the time Chelsea is a part of Boston as the _Winnisimmet District_, it will have no other name.

LITERATURE AND ART.

The value of town histories is a subject which has been editorially considered more than once in this magazine. Recognizing the importance of these local histories in their relations to New England history in general, it always gives us pleasure to note the additions which are made from time to time to this department of historical literature. Such an addition has recently been made in consequence of the centennial anniversary of the town of Heath, Franklin county, Mass., which was observed on the nineteenth of August last, the historical addresses with other matter having been just published in a neat volume[G] of about one hundred and sixty pages.

Heath, which was named from General William Heath, is a striking example of the decadence of the New England hill towns, its population having fallen from eleven hundred and ninety-nine in the year 1830, to five hundred and sixty-eight at present. The site of old Fort Shirley is in the township. Fifty years ago, the town afforded an unusual proportion of its population to the professional ranks, and was noted for its religious and educational influence and patronage. The two principal addresses given in the book are by John H. Thompson, Esq., of Chicago, and Rev. C. E. Dickinson, of Marietta, Ohio, and will be found valuable to the general reader, as well as to the native of the town. Excepting some typographical errors, the book is a model of such a work, and reflects credit on the editor, Mr. E. P. Guild.

* * * * *

_Leaves from a Lawyer's Life, Afloat and Ashore_, contains some very interesting personal reminiscences of the War of the Rebellion, and aims to supplement and correct the too meagre and often inaccurate accounts of "the naval and military forces whose services, sufferings, and sacrifices" are there passed in review. The theme is popular and inspiring, and the story is vigorously and eloquently told. The author adopts a style of narrative admirably adapted to preserve the "many honorable recollections" he records, and rescue from oblivion a number of interesting facts which he complains "are fast vanishing into gloom." The opening chapter, written from fulness of knowledge, and with a clear perception of the relative value and importance of facts, will repay careful perusal, notwithstanding all that has recently appeared in popular American serials on the subject of the Civil War. In the account it gives of the blockade of the Atlantic and Gulf ports, after the notification of Flag Officer Pendergast, at Hampton Roads, April 30, 1861, we have a splendid illustration of the manner in which, in a great national crisis, a lack of resources is made up for by energy, bravery, and businesslike despatch. The account of the chase of the gold-laden steamer R. E. Lee, under the command of the daring Captain Wilkinson, by the Federal steamer Iroquois, is very exciting; and the charm thus felt at the outset is evenly distributed and remarkably well sustained throughout the book. Mr. Cowley's work is valuable, as supplying a place not filled by any of the larger and more pretentious histories of the late war. Full of vivid description, spicy detail, felicitous citation, and sparkling anecdote, _Leaves from a Lawyer's Life_ is sure to prove a genuine source of pleasure to a wide circle of readers.

* * * * *

_The Origin of Republican Form of Government._[H] This book discusses in an historico-philosophical vein the genesis, growth, and development of the constitution of the American Republic, and the exposition attempted in its pages, if not exhaustive, is yet lucid, masterly, and suggestive. While unable to admit the soundness of some of the author's premises, or to acquiesce in all his conclusions, we are glad to recognize the high value of his contribution to the literature of a profoundly interesting subject, which hitherto can hardly be said to have monopolized the attention and thought of American historians. The author is probably wrong in thinking that in the pages of his interesting little book he is pursuing an almost entirely untravelled path, but there can be no doubt that considerable credit is due to him, for pointing out the exceeding fruitfulness of a too much neglected field of historical inquiry. The chapters on the political and religious causes of the Revolution are worthy of a careful reading, and indeed we cordially commend the book as a whole to all who wish to know the "record of their country's birth," and the constitutional guaranties of their personal "peace, liberty and safety."

* * * * *

_Battle of the Bush_,[I] by Robert B. Caverly, is a series of historical dramas published in pamphlet form, to be subsequently consolidated, according to the advertisement of the publisher, "into a neat volume of about three hundred and fifty pages." To those in love with the curious legends and romantic incidents of early colonial history this work in its present attractive form will be especially welcome. The simplicity as well as savagery of Indian life is here placed in conjunction and contrast with the sober domestic manners and customs, high-toned morality and religion of the early Pilgrim people. The various relations between the two, incident to neighborhood, trade, and intercourse,--relations sometimes of friendship and sometimes of conflict,--are often strikingly exhibited, and the author succeeds in awakening a genuine interest in those old-time affairs. The beautiful illustrations which enrich the work give it an additional attraction and value.

* * * * *

_Railroad Transportation; its History and its Laws_,[J] by Arthur J. Hadley, is worthy of careful study, and is likely to attract some attention, discussing, as it does, questions of railroad history and management which have become matters of public concern, and aiming to present clearly the more important facts of American railroad business, to explain the principles involved, and to compare the railroad legislation of different countries and the results achieved. Mr. Hadley's book admirably supplements the extant literature on the subject, prominently presenting and ably discussing many hitherto neglected features of importance. The book will prove valuable to railroad stockholders, to statesmen desirous of a fuller understanding of a question of great national interest, and to the American public generally.

FOOTNOTES:

[G] Heath, Mass., Centennial, August 19th, 1885. Addresses, Speeches, Letters, Statistics, etc. Edited by Edward P. Guild. Published for the Committee.

[H] New York and London: G. P. Putnam & Sons.

[I] Boston: published by the author. For sale by B. P. Russell.

[J] G. P. Putnam & Sons: New York and London.

INDEX TO PERIODICAL LITERATURE.

(First numeral refers to foot-note and name of periodical. Second number to page. Date of the periodical is that of month preceding this issue of the NEW ENGLAND MAGAZINE, unless otherwise stated.)

ACADEMIC AND EDUCATIONAL. Tufts College. _Rev. E. H. Capen. D.D._ 8, 99.--Abbot Academy. _Annie Sawyer Downs._ 8, 136.--Overwork in Schools. _John D. Philbrick, LL.D._ 10, 330.--Education in Rome. _L. R. Klemm, Ph.D._ 10, 335.--The Problem of Woman's Education. _Nicolo D'Alfonso._ _Translated by V. Chamberlin._ 10, 360.--The King's English at Home and at School. _J. H. May_. 10, 369.--Our Insular Ignorance. _John Robert Seeley._ 16, 199.--The Lady Teacher. _Margaret W. Sutherland._ 17, 55.--The Year's Work. _Elizabeth Taylor._ 17, 68.--How Shall we Teach Writing in Primary Grades? 17, 77.

ANTHROPOLOGY. The Dance in Place Congo. _George W. Cable._ 7, 517.

ARCHÆOLOGY, PHILOLOGY, AND MYTHOLOGY. The Origin of the Alphabet. _A. H. Sayce._ 16, 145.--Solar Myths. _F. M. Müller_. 16, 219.--In the Catacombs of Italy. 18, 202.

ARCHITECTURE. Recent Architecture in America. _Mrs. Sckuyler Van Renssalaer._ 7, 548.--A New England Home. _Lyman H. Weeks._ 19, 142.--The Architectural Exhibition. _M. G. H._. 19, 146.

ART. Antoine Louis Barye. _Henry Eckford._ 7, 483.--On Drapery and its Interpretation. _Thomas Gordon Hale._ 16, 255.--Fresco Decoration. 19, 144.--The Decoration of City Houses. _Ralph A. Cram._ 19, 150.--New Lamps and Old. 19, 148.--Some Designs in Umbrella Stands, etc. _F. B. Brock._ 19, 157.

BIOGRAPHY. W. H. Brown. J. H. Kennedy. 3, 410.--Thomas Burham. David W. Cross. Henry J. Seymour. 3, 427.--Anecdotes of McClellan's Bravery. Z. 7, 515.--Anthony Wayne. _Gen. John Watts De Peyster._ 2, 127.--Toombs. _Charles F. Woodbury._ 14, 125.--Two Old-fashioned Love Matches. _Helen Campbell._ 14, 157.--Auber. 16, 207.--Who was John Harvard? _Frank J. Symes._ 14, 181.--Sketch of Dr. W. E. Carpenter. 5, 538.--Sketch of James Eads. 5, 544.--Women in Astronomy. _G. Langrange._ 5, 534.--Daniel Webster as a School-master, _Elizabeth Porter Gould._ 10, 323.--Relations of Biography with History. _Hon. Marshall P. Wilder._ 10, 341.--General Grant. _Gen. L. F. Jennings._ 10, 347.--Lives and Homes of American Actors. _Lisle Lester._ 18, 104.--Sherman's Opinion of Grant. 13, 200.

HISTORY.--Two Famous London Churches, 1, 144.--The City of Albany. Two Hundred Years of Progress. _Frederic G. Mather._ 2, 105.--The Charleston Convention, 1788. _A. W. Clason._ 2, 153.--Historic Aspects of Sable Island. _J. McDonald Oxley, LL.B., B.A._ 2, 162.--The New Mexican Campaign of 1862. _A. A. Hayes._ 2, 171.--Army of the Potomac under Hooker. _Major William H. Mills._ 2, 185.--The City of the Straits. _Henry A. Griffin._ 3, 348.--S. S. Cox's Three Decades of Federal Legislation. _J. F. Rhodes._ 3, 356.--Siege of Fort Pitt. _T. J. Chapman._ 3. 387.--Chicago. _Consul W. Butterfield._ 3, 393.--Geography and Early American History. _B. A. Hinsdale._ 3, 433.--Preparing for the Wilderness Campaign. _U. S. Grant._ 7, 573.--Our March Against Pope. _Gen. James Longstreet._ 7, 601.--With Jackson's "Foot Cavalry" at the Second Manassas. _Allen C. Redwood._ 7, 614.--On Detached Service, _C. A. Patch._ 8, 121.--The Campaign of Shiloh. _Gen. G. T. Beauregard._ 13, 159.--A Family Romance of the Time of Elizabeth. _A. T. Story._ 12, 491.--Lost Journals of a Pioneer. _C. E. Montgomery._ 14, 173.--The Old Régime of San Francisco. _Bernard Moses._ 14, 195.--Town Government in Rhode Island. _W. G. Foster._ 21, 5.--The Narragansett Planters. _Edward Channing._ 21, 5.

INDUSTRY.--Pittsburgh Glass and Glass-makers. _J. H. Seymour_. 3, 367.--Beginning of Some Public Enterprises in Western Pennsylvania. _W. S._ 3, 414.

LITERATURE.--Original New England Magazine. _Rev. Edgar Buckingham._ 8, 153.--Macbeth with Kelly's Music. _A. A. Wheeler._ 14, 185.--Recent Verse. 14, 205.--Recent Fiction. 14, 210.--Poetry, Politics, and Conservatism. _George N. Curzon._ 16, 154.--Superfine English. 16, 177.--On Love's Labor Lost. _Walter Pater._ 16, 234.

MEDICINE, HYGIENE, PHYSIOLOGY.--Instinct as a Guide to Health. _Felix L. Oswald, M.D._ 5, 517.--Medical Practice in Damaraland. _G. G. Büttner._ 5, 526.--Cause of Acquired Immunity from Infectious Diseases. _James Law, F.R.C.V.S._ 15, 97.--Health of United States Army. _B. F. Pope, M.D._ 15, 112.--Yellow Fever Prevention. _Joseph Holt, M.D._ 15, 118.--The Plumbers. President Allison's Circular. _A. N. Bell._ 15, 121.--Impure Air and Unhealthy Occupations, etc. _C. W. Chancellor, M.D._ 15, 125.--State Boards of Health of the United States. _G. P. Conn._ 15, 133.--Crime and Insanity. 16, 249.--Sanitary House Furnishing. _Glenn Brown, A.A.I.A._ 19, 154.

MISCELLANEOUS.--Lessons of the America's Cup Races. _J. Heslop._ 12, 498.

MILITARY.--The Increasing Curse of European Militancy. _Alfred Russell Wallace._ 5, 521--The Musket as a Social Force. _John McElroy._ 5, 485.--The Grand Army of the Republic in Massachusetts. _Past Commander-in-Chief George S. Merrill._ 8, 113.

MUSIC.--Chinese Music, etc. 20, 33.--Handel's "Messiah." 20, 34.--Technical Drill. 20, 36.--Opera Sung by Americans. 20, 37.

NATURAL HISTORY.--Will the Land become a Desert? _Joseph Edgar Chamberlain._ 7, 532.--Pine Trees of Florida. 12, 581.--Acclimatization. _Professor Rudolph Virchow._ 5, 507.

POLITICS. ECONOMICS.--Need and Nature of Civil Service Reform. _Dorman B. Eaton_. 4, 171.--Recent Experiments in State Taxation _H. J. Ten Eyck._ 5, 460.--Discrimination in Railway Rates. _Gerrit L. Lansing._ 5, 494.--Influence of Inventions on Civilization. _C. Smith._ 5, 474.--Irish Home Rule Agitation: Its History and Issues. _Rev. H. O. Hewitt._ 8, 157.--The Congo and the President's Message. _John A. Kasson._ 13, 119.--Race and the Solid South. _Cassius M. Clay._ 13, 134.--America's Land Question. _A. J. Desmond._ 13, 153.--England and Ireland. _Henry George._ 13, 185.--Disintegration of Canada. _Dr. Prosper Bender._ 2, 144.--The Chinese Immigration Discussion. _Frances E. Sheldon._ 14, 113.--Benefits of Chinese Immigration. _John S. Hittell._ 14, 120.--German Expatriation Treaty. _A. A. Sargent._ 14, 148.--The Coming Contests of the World. 16, 164.--An Anglo-Saxon Alliance. _J. Redpath Dougall._ 16, 190.

RECREATION AND AMUSEMENT.--Around the World on a Bicycle. _Thomas Stevens._ 12, 506.--Croquet in Elyria. _W. F. Hurlbert._ 12, 526.--Cruise of the "Philoon." _James F. Jerome._ 12, 548.--Recollections of Mardi Gras. _M. R. Dodge._ 12, 566.

SCIENCE AND INVENTIONS.--Bishop's Ring around the Sun. _W. M. Davis._ 5, 466.--Acclimatization. _Prof. Rudolph Virchow._ 5, 507.--The Problem of Photography in Color. _Prof. O. N. Rood._ 5, 531.--Improvement of East River and Hell Gate. _Gen. John Newton._ 5, 433.--The Modern Ice-Yacht. _C. L. Norton._ 12, 536.--Some Fallacies of Science. "_Ouida._" 13, 137.--Hygiene in Dwellings. _G. N. Bell._ 15, 151.

TRAVEL AND DESCRIPTION.--Hints from Japanese Homes. _C. R. D._ 12, 575.--A Vacation in the Tropics. 12, 581.

* * * * *

1 _The Quiver._

2 _Magazine of Am. History._

3 _Magazine of Western History_ (Cleveland, O.).

4 _Lippincott's Magazine._

5 _Popular Science Monthly._

6 _Queries_ (Buffalo, N.Y.).

7 _The Century._

8 _New England Magazine._

9 _St. Nicholas._

10 _Education._

11 _Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science._

12 _Outing._

13 _North American Review._

14 _Overland Monthly._

15 _The Sanitarian._

16 _The Eclectic._

17 _The Ohio Educational Monthly._

18 _The Brooklyn Magazine._

19 _The Decorator and Furnisher._

20 _The Musical Herald._

21 _Johns Hopkins University Studies._

* * * * *

Several months ago the publishers of the NEW ENGLAND MAGAZINE began a series of illustrated papers on the principal colleges, seminaries, and other educational institutions of New England. In pursuance of this plan, ably written and amply illustrated articles on Brown University, Tufts College, Abbott Academy, have already appeared; also the Boston University School of Law, with fine steel portrait of its dean; others are in hand, or in process of preparation, and will appear in due course, among them being Trinity College, Williams College, Bowdoin College, Andover Theological Seminary, Phillips Academy, Andover, and Phillips Academy, Exeter, etc., etc.