Part 2

A great labor, and the one on which Mr. Farmer had been engaged for a considerable time previous to his death, was the examining and arranging of the State Papers at Concord. Under a resolution of the Legislature of New Hampshire, approved Jan. 3, 1837, he was appointed to "examine, arrange, index, prepare for, and superintend the binding, and otherwise preserving, such of the public papers in the archives of the State, as may be deemed worthy of such care." Of this species of labor, no one knows the extent and difficulty, unless he has either himself been versed in it, or has frequently watched its progress when undertaken by others. Mr. Farmer, in a letter to a distinguished literary friend in Massachusetts, written in August, 1837, says, in reference to it, "that he has had a great burden resting on him for the last four or five months;" and adds, "the records and files were in great confusion, no attempt having been made for arranging and binding a regular series of the former or for properly labelling and classifying the latter. In a few cases, I believe, there were papers of three centuries in the same bundle. This will serve to give you an idea of the confusion in which I found them. I began first with the Province Records, arranged under three different heads: 1. Journals of the House; 2. Journals of the Council and Assembly; 3. Journals of the Council. The Journals of the House received my first attention. These I found to commence in 1711, and from that time to 1775, they existed in twenty different portions, some in leaves, and in mere paper books, of a few sheets each. Only three or four were bound volumes. I arranged the whole so as to make eight volumes; copying about three hundred pages, which would not conform in size. These have been bound in Russia leather, with spring backs, and make a handsome array of folios, containing 3,813 pages. The Council and Assembly Records, beginning 1699 and ending 1774, in five volumes, large folio, and containing 2,260 pages, next were arranged, and are now ready for the binder. The Council records are imperfect, and it will be necessary to copy much from the files before they are ready to bind. Besides these, I have collected the speeches and messages of the Provincial Governors, from 1699 to 1775, arranged them in chronological order, and have had them bound in three handsome volumes of about 1,500 pages. I will not mention the amount of papers in files which I have been over, new folded, and labelled."

Governor Hill, in his annual message to the Legislature, in June, 1837, says: "Under the resolution of the last session, John Farmer, Esq., has for several weeks been engaged in arranging for binding and preservation the shattered records and public papers in the archives of this State. Perhaps a century may occur before another person with his peculiar tact and talent shall appear to undertake this work. Although of extremely feeble health, there is not probably any other person in the State, who can readily perform so much--none so well versed in its history, and who has like him traced from the root upwards, the rise and progress of government in the land of the Pilgrims, and the origin and spread of every considerable family name in New England."

And in his message of June, 1838, Governor Hill thus speaks: "In my last annual communication to the Legislature, the progress made in the examination and arrangement of our public archives, by John Farmer, Esq., was mentioned. Since that time, with a method and perseverance deserving high praise, Mr. Farmer has prosecuted his labors, until the appropriation then made has been exhausted, and a small additional expense incurred. Twenty-three volumes have been bound in a neat and substantial manner. Among these volumes, is one containing the Associated Test Returns, which has the original signatures of 8,199 citizens of this State, above the age of twenty-one years, who 'solemnly engaged and promised that they would to the utmost of their power, at the risk of their lives and fortunes, with arms, oppose the hostile proceedings of the British fleets and armies against the United American Colonies.' This pledge, it should be remembered, preceded the Declaration of Independence several months. It was, therefore, in the language of a note prefixed by Mr. Farmer, to this volume, 'a bold and hazardous step, in subjects, thus to resist the authority of one of the most powerful sovereigns in the world. Had the cause in which these men pledged their lives and fortunes failed, it would have subjected every individual who signed it, to the pains and penalties of treason; to a cruel and ignominious death.' In my opinion, the cost to the State of this enterprise, by the man of all others best qualified for such an undertaking, bears no comparison to its importance: it is hoped the Legislature will direct Mr. Farmer to persevere until he completes the work. Let every fragment of our history be preserved; let us suffer nothing to be lost."

The Legislature wisely responded to the suggestions of the Governor. Mr. Farmer was continued in the work; and his life was prolonged until he had accomplished the most difficult portion of the task confided to him.

We know that Mr. Farmer placed an humble estimate upon his labors. He well understood the general indifference of the public to pursuits of this nature. The direction of the living and moving crowd is onward; and he who busies himself in gathering up the memorials of the past, will be left behind,--himself and his labors too generally unrewarded and forgotten. Mr. Farmer has done perhaps more than any other individual in collecting and preserving the materials for our local history, and establishing accuracy in its details. He investigated faithfully, took nothing upon trust, and rested on reasonable conclusions only where absolute certainty could not be attained. Many have expressed surprise that Mr. Farmer could have been so indefatigable and painstaking in his pursuits. But the fondness for these investigations grows with indulgence. Success in establishing an old fact is a triumph over time. Facts established are the warp and woof of history; and the diligent antiquary thus gives to history its main materials, veracity and fidelity, when enlightened philosophy steps in and completes the work.

We have already mentioned, that Mr. Farmer was one of the three or four gentlemen only in New Hampshire, who have been elected Corresponding Members of the Massachusetts Historical Society. He was also a Corresponding Member of the Rhode Island and Maine Historical Societies, and of the American Antiquarian Society. He was also elected in August, 1837, a member of the Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries at Copenhagen.

There was scarcely a lovelier or more prominent trait in Mr. Farmer's character, than the ever fresh and affectionate interest which he took in the intellectual improvement and moral culture of the young. Having no family of his own to engage his kind and generous affections, a chief source of happiness to him seemed to be, to act the part of a father and teacher to all the youth who were about him. He encouraged lyceums and literary associations for mental improvement; often heard recitations in private; examined compositions written at his own suggestion; and directed the studies of such as applied to him. And such was his suavity of manners, his instructive conversation, and inexhaustible store of historical anecdote, that he scarcely ever failed to inspire his pupils and intimate acquaintances with a portion of his taste for literary and historical pursuits. Those who knew him respected him. Those who knew him intimately and were his friends, loved him. He was no dogmatist; never a violent partisan, although decided in his opinions, on whatever subject he expressed them. He possessed native delicacy and refinement of character. No harsh expressions fell from his lips or proceeded from his pen. He was nevertheless quick and sensitive to the distinctions between right and wrong, and steadily threw his influence into the scale of truth. His was a gentle spirit, seeking quiet and affection, like Cowper's, though without his vein of melancholy; and, though instinctively shrinking from vice, he was not disposed harshly to visit the offender. He had zeal, but it was the zeal of a catholic spirit, and of kind affections--the spirit of the Christian and gentleman, which respected the feelings of others, in whatever situation or circumstances of life.

All who were acquainted with Mr. Farmer, will respond to the affectionate and just tribute, which fell from the lips of the Rev. Mr. Bouton, on the occasion of his funeral: "We believe our departed friend and fellow-citizen possessed the spirit of a Christian. Owing to bodily weakness and infirmities, he could not attend public worship on the Sabbath, or be present at any public meeting. But we know he was a firm believer in the doctrines of Christianity; a regular contributor to the support of divine worship; an intelligent and frequent reader of the Holy Scriptures; and that he ever cherished and manifested the profoundest reverence for the institutions and ordinances of religion, and particularly a respect for Christian ministers of every denomination, whose conduct became their profession. His spirit and views were eminently catholic. He loved the good of every name, and cheerfully united with them in all approved efforts and measures for the advancement of truth and righteousness." He annually contributed to the Bible, Missionary, and other Charitable Societies; and no man living, perhaps, felt a deeper interest in the success of the great enterprises of Christian benevolence, than did Mr. Farmer.

His last sickness was short. Few of his friends were aware of his danger, till it was evident that he could not long survive. Many gladly offered their services to wait upon him, and watch around his dying-bed; but the privilege of this was reserved to a few early-chosen friends. He wanted to be still and tranquil. To a dear friend, who stood by him, to watch every motion and meet every wish, he expressed peace of mind, and consolation in the hope of eternal life through Jesus Christ. On the evening of the Sabbath before his decease, he desired the same friend to sing to him a favorite hymn, which she did. His reason remained unclouded to the last, and he gently fell asleep in death, at a few minutes past 6 o'clock, on Monday morning, the 13th of August, 1838, in the 49th year of his age.

Upon the plain white marble stone, marking the place where the mortal remains of Mr. Farmer lie, is the following inscription:

"John Farmer, born at Chelmsford, Mass., 22 June, 1789; Died in this town, 13 August, 1838; Æt. 49 years. Honored as a man; Distinguished as an Antiquarian and Scholar; Beloved as a friend; And revered as a Christian Philanthropist; And a lover of impartial liberty; His death has occasioned a void in Society, Which time will fail to supply; And the reason and fitness of which, As to time and manner, and attendant circumstances, Eternity alone can fully unfold."

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Considering the character which the Register is to sustain, we have supposed that this number of the Work could commence with no article more interesting, than a Biographical Notice of Mr. Farmer. The Notice is principally an Abstract from a Memoir of him prepared by Jacob B. Moore, Esq., now residing at Washington, D. C.

[2] We purposely omit a further notice of Mr. Farmer's ancestors, as a full account will appear in the genealogy of the Farmer Family, which he prepared and published, some years before his death. Having been remodelled and improved, it is inserted in this number of the Register.

[3] These Memoirs of graduates at Harvard and Dartmouth Colleges were, agreeably to the desire of Mr. Farmer, placed in the hands of the Rev. Dr. Cogswell of Boston, for his disposal.

GENEALOGICAL MEMOIR OF THE FARMER FAMILY.

Remodelled and Prepared on a New Plan.

BY SAMUEL G. DRAKE, M. A.

[As one of this name has very justly been styled "The Father of Genealogy in New England," and has left behind him an enduring monument of his labors in this department of literature, it is deemed highly proper to commence our Genealogical Series with that of his family. It will be viewed, we doubt not, with great interest, by all lovers of such subjects, and more especially as the Memoir is from his own pen; that is to say, as to facts, it is entirely the same as that, which was published by the distinguished Genealogist himself; but the plan of it here presented, is new, and is probably preferable to any other hitherto adopted. Indeed there does not appear to have been any general fixed plan for the exhibition of Genealogies. The following method, the result of much reflection, is now offered for the consideration of those who may engage in preparing Genealogical Memoirs. ED.]

_Explanation of the Plan._

As the plan laid down may not be apparent at first view, the following explanation may be deemed necessary. The Arabic numbers running through the whole Genealogy, are to show not only the number of every individual descended from the same ancestor, but by the aid of them, the connection of every person is seen at a glance, and the ancestors or descendants may be traced, backward or forward, with the greatest ease and facility. One number set under another, or two numbers set against the same individual, show, in all cases, that such individual has descendants, and the lower number indicates the place in the series where the descendants are to be found; remembering that the Roman numerals are only employed to show the number of children belonging to the same particular family. For example, (18)/(59) VIII. OLIVER,³ shows, that this person is No. 18 in the regular Arabic series, and that following (59), onward, his family will be found; the VIII is sufficiently obvious. The ³ at the end of the name, denotes the individual to be of the 3rd generation from the first in the series, and so of all other numbers in a similar situation; i. e., all those placed like an exponent at the end of names, show the generation. All names of persons having descendants, are necessarily repeated, in their order, but are not renumbered. Thus JOHN³ (10) is repeated after 18, the (10) showing his original place in the series.

From what is said above it is thought the plan will be perfectly apparent on the most cursory perusal. The names of persons descended in the female line are printed in the ordinary Roman letter, to distinguish them from those of the male line, always printed in small capitals.

By this system of deducing or displaying descents, any corrections or additions may be made without disfiguring the appearance of the work, as for instance, (63) IV. SARAH,⁴ whose family is indicated to be given at (126); it will appear that other individuals were found belonging to her family after the work was made up, therefore a new entry is made of her at (164), and yet all is perfectly clear.

Although it is highly desirable, that individuals and families should succeed each other in the regular order of their generations, it is not always possible to make a genealogical memoir so; for it is apparent that in numerous instances, especially among the early families, we are obliged to pass over individuals, not knowing whether they had descendants; and when a long memoir is made up it is often found that many so passed over, had children. These therefore cannot have their proper place in the memoir without great labor, requiring a new draft of nearly the whole work. By the plan now presented we avoid the difficulty, in its most objectionable feature, by placing all such at the end of the memoir whenever we find them, with the same numerical references, &c., as employed throughout. Thus, in the following genealogy we have several placed in this manner for illustration; as for example, (110) III. CHARLOTTE⁶ falls into the series, with her descendants at (174), while (83) I. EDWARD⁵ does not fall in till (176), and so of a few others.

In preparing this memoir the reader must remember, that the author published it in 1828, and hence, that the present tense often used by him, has reference to the date of publication. We make this note to avoid too frequent interpolations in brackets. Mr. Farmer had printed in 1813, sundry Family Records of different branches of the family, and in 1824, he issued an Appendix to it. This with the other part made about 30 pages in 18mo. These contained a good deal not found in his last work. All three are here incorporated into a regular and continuous genealogy. The copies of the first two printed works which I have used, have many manuscript additions and corrections in the author's own hand. The title-page of the Memoir runs thus:

* * * * *

A GENEALOGICAL MEMOIR OF THE FAMILY BY THE NAME OF FARMER, WHO SETTLED AT BILLERICA, Ms. HINGHAM, FARMER & BROWN, PRINTERS, 1828.

[The following Dedication is upon the back of the title-page.]

To JEDIDIAH FARMER, The following Memoir of our Ancestors, collected from various authentic sources, and with considerable enquiry and investigation, is offered to you as a token of fraternal regard and affection, by your affectionate brother,

JOHN FARMER. Concord, N. H., January 28, 1828.

MEMOIR.

The surname of FARMER is one of considerable antiquity, and is one of those names derived from occupations or professions, which, next to local names, or those derived from the names of places, are the most numerous.[4] It comes from the Saxon term _Fearme_ or _Feorme_, which signifies food or provision.[5] But some think it derived from _Firma_, which signifies a place enclosed or shut in; and some contend for its French etymology from the word _Ferme_.

The FARMERS, so far as my researches will enable me to conjecture, were of Saxon origin, and, in the reign of Edward IV., King of England, were seated in Northamptonshire, where they remain to the present day. They resided at Easton-Neston about 1480. Anne, the daughter of Richard Farmer, Esq., of that place, married, before 1545, William Lucy, and their son, Sir Thomas Lucy of Charlecote, knighted by Queen Elizabeth, in 1565, was the knight and magistrate whose name is associated with some of the early events of the life of Shakspeare. William Farmer, created Lord Leinster in 1692, the ancestor of the present earl of Pomfret, resided at Easton-Neston. Jasper Farmer, one of this family, is said to be the ancestor of the Farmers in the State of Pennsylvania.

From Northamptonshire they seem to have spread over several of the contiguous counties before the middle of the sixteenth century; being found in Leicestershire as early as 1490, in Warwickshire in 1545, and in Shropshire at nearly the same period.

Sir William Dugdale, in his Antiquities of Warwickshire, mentions Richard Farmer and his wife, and John their son, and Maud his wife, to whom, and the heirs male of the said John, the place or parish of Merston-Boteler in that county, was granted by the King's Letters Patent, dated November 23, 1545. He also names Rev. Thomas Farmer, minister of the parish of Austrey in 1542, and Rev. John Farmer, incumbent of the church in Bagington, 1552, and Rev. Richard, of the parish of Ashowe.

R. Farmer, Esq., of Kennington Common, near London, informs me,[6] that his ancestors as far back as he had been able to trace them, belonged to Oldbury, near Bridgenorth, in Shropshire, and that their names were Edward. Thomas Farmer, Esq., one of the Managers of the British and Foreign Bible Society, is of this family. Rev. Hugh Farmer, the learned author of the Dissertation on Miracles, and other theological works, was of Shropshire, and was born at a place called Isle Gate, belonging to a small hamlet almost surrounded by the river Severn, a few miles from Shrewsbury.[7]

The branch of the family traced in the following pages was formerly seated in Leicestershire, on the borders of Warwickshire; and, about 1500, were living in the village of Ratcliffe-Cuiley, near Witherly. Of those who resided there at that period, I am unable to speak with any degree of certainty, having the advantage of no records, or family memorials. The late Rev. Richard Farmer, D. D., of Cambridge, England, made some collections of a genealogical nature, and from these it would seem, that the most remote ancestor, whom he had traced, was EDWARD, who is mentioned by Anthony Wood in his Athenæ Oxonienses, and in his Fasti Oxonienses, as being the Chancellor of the Cathedral church in Salisbury, in 1531; which office he sustained until his death in 1538.

JOHN FARMER is the next ancestor of whom I have any account, and of whom I have nothing more than the fact found among Rev. Dr. Farmer's MSS., that he was living at Ansley in Warwickshire in 1604. Between him and Edward of Salisbury, there were probably two or three generations, whose names cannot be given with much confidence, although it is presumed from Guillim's Heraldry, that the name of one was Bartholomew.

There has been a considerable number of the name in England, and several of them of the Warwickshire branch of the family, who have been employed in public life, or have been known by their writings. The following list of them has been collected from various sources:

ANTHONY, who was appointed in 1687, by James II., President of Magdalen College; but, being a papist, and there being other objections against his character, he was superseded by Bishop Parker.[8]

EDWARD. "In the year 1529, in the beginning of February, Edward Lee became Chancellor of the church of Salisbury by the resignation of Thomas Winter, and was succeeded in that dignity by EDWARD FARMER, in December, 1531."[9]

GEORGE, Esq., who was Prothonotary of the Court of Common Pleas in 1663.[10]

HATTON, who was Major of Prince Charles' regiment, and was killed by Culham Bridge, near Abingdon, Jan. 11, 1645.[11]

HUGH, already mentioned, who was born 1714, died 1787, a. 73. Memoirs of his Life and Writings were published in 1805, by Michael Dodson, Esq., London, in an octavo volume of 160 pages.

JACOB, who published a "True Relation of the State of Ireland," London, 1642, octavo.

JAMES, who was minister of Leire, in Leicestershire, and was ejected in 1660.[12]

JOHN, who was a madrigaler, and who published a work noticed by Dr. Rees, issued in 1591, London, octavo.

JOHN, Esq., who was Governor of the island of Barbadoes.[13]

JOHN, who was a clergyman, and published twenty sermons. London, 1744, octavo.

JOHN, who published the "History of the Town and Abbey of Waltham in Essex, England." London, 1735, octavo.

JOHN, who was a surgeon, and published "Select Cases in Surgery, collected in St. Bartholomew's Hospital." 1757, in quarto.

PRISCILLA, whose Life was published in 1796, by her grandson, Charles Lloyd.[14]

RICHARD, who was a Baptist minister, and who is noticed by Neal in his History of the Puritans.

RICHARD, who published a sermon on Luke xxi: 34. London, 1629, quarto.

RICHARD, D. D., who published "An Essay on the Learning of Shakspeare." London, 1766.

RALPH, who was minister of St. Nicholas in Somersetshire, and was ejected in 1660. He published the "Mysteries of Godliness and Ungodliness, discovered from the writings of the Quakers." London, 1655, quarto.[15]

S----, Esq., who was a member of Parliament, 1818.[16]

THOMAS, who was born August 20, 1771, nephew of Dr. Richard, Rector of Aspley-Guise in Bedfordshire.

THOMAS, who was a printer, and published a work called "Plain Truth, &c." London, 1763, quarto.