Chapter 18

[1] A good discussion of the several virtues will be found in Paulsen: _Op. cit._, Book III.

[2] W. H. S. Jones: _Greek Morality_, p. 50.

[3] Jeremy Taylor: _Rules and Exercises of Holy Living_, edited by Ezra Abbot, p. 73.

[4] Jones: _Op. cit._, p. 124.

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[5] Count Baldesar Castiglione: _The Book of the Courtier_, translated by Opdycke, p. 250.

[6] _Cf._ Hobbes: _Leviathan_, Chapters XIII, XIV, XV. In Hobbes's account, morality is reduced wholly to the prudential economy.

[7] H. G. Wells: First and Last Things, p. 82.

[8] Castiglione: _Op. cit._, p. 257.

[9] Burke: _Op. cit._, p. 8.

[10] Epictetus: _Discourses_, Book III, Chapter XXII, translated by Long, Vol. II, pp. 82, 83.

[11] Taylor: _Op. cit._, p. 7.

[12] Epictetus: _Op. cit._, Book II, Chapter XXI, translated by Long, Vol. I, p. 229.

[13] _Cf._ Hegel: _Philosophy of Right_, Third Part, Third Section, translated by S. W. Dyde; and _Philosophy of History_, Introduction, translated by J. Sibree.

[14] _Cf._ Plato's _Republic_, _passim_, but especially Book IV. Plato makes the state analogous to the individual organism, requiring baser classes that shall permanently supply its lower functions, as well as classes that shall supply its higher functions and so participate in its full benefits.

[15] Aristotle: _Politics_, Book II, Chapter V, translated by Jowett, p. 35. _Cf._ also Chapter II.

[16] Epictetus: _Op. cit._, Book II, Chapter XV, translated by Long, Vol. I, p. 189.

[17] Sophocles: _Antigone_, translated by G. H. Palmer, pp. 61, 62.

[18] Munro and Sellery: _Medieval Civilization_, pp. 349-350.

[19] Castiglione: _Op. cit._, p. 261.

[20] Quoted from Diog. Laert. by Jones, _Op. cit._, p. 69. For a full account, _cf._ Aristotle's _Nicomachean Ethics_, Books VIII and IX, translated by Welldon, pp. 245-314.

[21] Walter Bagehot: _Physics and Politics_, No. V, in the edition of the International Scientific Series, pp. 165-166. _Cf._ this chapter _passim_.

[22] Matthew Arnold: _Culture and Anarchy_, p. 100.

[23] Quoted by Jones: _Op. cit._, p. 128.

[24] Ibid.

[25] Arnold: _Op. cit._, pp. 25-26. _Cf. passim_.

[26] Euripides: _Medea_, translated by Gilbert Murray, pp. 67-68.

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[27] _Cf., e. g._, Aristotle, _Nicomachean Ethics_, Book X. Also J. A. Farrer's _Paganism and Christianity, passim_; and Paulsen, _op. cit._,