LETTER LIV.

_SIR_, _London, May 4, 1733._

The last brought us to the Royal Family, and what relates to the Court. The latter is more numerous than brilliant, if it be certain that Pleasures form the Splendor of a Court. Of these their Majesties don't seem to be fond, at least of those noisy Pleasures, that instead of unbending the Mind, which ought to be the Aim of all Pleasures, only serve to fatigue it.

'Tis very easy to obtain the Honour of being introduced to their Majesties, and the Royal Family, nothing more being necessary, than to send in one's Name to the Duke of _Grafton_, his Majesty's Lord Chamberlain, and my Lord _Grantham_, the Queen's Master of the Horse. People go to the King's Levee, and the Queen's Drawing-Room, as they do in _France_. Their Majesties dine in Public only upon _Sundays_, when none eat with 'em but their Children. The Table is in Form of an oblong Square, in the Middle of which sit the King and Queen, with the Prince of _Wales_ on the Right, and the three eldest Princesses on the Left. The Service here is performed in the same Manner as it is in _France_. The Table is plac'd in the midst of a Hall, surrounded with Benches to the very Cieling, which are fill'd with an infinite Number of Spectators. The same Room serves also for the Balls, when there are any at Court. Three times a Week there's an Apartment here, called the _Drawing-Room_, which is open'd at Ten o'Clock at Night. About this Hour the Ladies repair to the said Apartment, which consists of three great Salons, made by the Direction of Queen _Anne_, which are the only tolerable Rooms in all St. _James_'s Palace. The King comes to it attended not only by the Queen, who is led by the Prince of _Wales_, but by the Princesses her Daughters. Their Majesties converse there for a few Moments with such Persons as they are pleased to distinguish; after which the Queen makes a profound Curtsy to the King, and goes to play for about an Hour with the Princess-Royal, and two Ladies, whom her Majesty singles out of the Company, and a little before Midnight their Majesties retire. Upon those Days that there's no Drawing-Room, the King and Queen are generally at the Opera, or the Play-house. In fine Weather they take the Air in St. _James_'s Park, or the Suburbs of _London_. In Summer-time their Majesties are for the most part at _Kensington_, _Windsor_, or _Hampton-Court_, the two last of which Palaces are beautiful. The first of these was built by the famous Cardinal _Wolsey_, the Favourite of King _Henry_ VIII. and before _Lewis_ XIV. began to build; was reckon'd the finest Palace in _Europe_.

The King does not hunt much, but employs most of his Time with his Ministers, consulting the Welfare of his Dominions. Of these Sir ROBERT WALPOLE is the Principal, and he is the only Commoner in _Great Britain_ that is honoured with the Order of the Garter. This Minister, who is not less applauded by the Court Party, than he is censured by the contrary Faction, has the general Veneration and Esteem of all the Courts of _Europe_; where 'tis confess'd to be owing to his Direction that the Cabinet of St. _James_'s gives Motion at this Time to all _Europe_, and that he is the Soul of all Councils, all Deliberations, and all Resolutions. Sir _Robert Walpole_ seems, in my Opinion, to be attended with the Fate of my Lord Duke of _Marlborough_, who, tho' admir'd by the whole World, and even by those to whom he did most Mischief, was hardly valued in his own Country, which he crown'd with Glory and Prosperity. I shall say nothing to you at present of this Gentleman's private Character, because I am not yet well enough acquainted with it. As I have no Business with him, I see him pass along; and that's all. I want some Neutral Man (that is to say, one who is neither for nor against this Minister) that knows him well, and will let me into the Knowledge of him too. If I am so fortunate as to find out such a Person, I will impart to you such Lights as he shall give me. Mean time I hear him talk'd of in Public as one that understands the Constitution of the Kingdom better than any Man in it, who thoroughly knows the Strength and Weakness of the State, and one whom nothing terrifies, nothing astonishes: And I may add, there's no Man more bold and enterprizing. He perfectly knows his Countrymen, and has the true Art of Government: And no Body speaks with more Eloquence in Parliament; where whatever he proposes seldom fails of being pass'd; and the Lower-house is, as one may say, determined by him.

His greatest Opponents in Parliament are Mr. _P----y_ in the House of Commons, and my Lord _St----d_ in the House of Peers. This Lord, you know, was for a long time Ambassador from Queen _Anne_ to the Court of _Berlin_, and afterwards to the States General; and that it was he that sign'd the Treaty of Peace at _Utrecht_: He was a Member of the Privy Council when the Queen died; but King _George_ I. did not think fit continue him; at which his Lordship being disgusted, absented from Court, and became in Parliament the Censor of the Ministers. After the Death of King _George_ I. the Earl paid his Respects to their present Majesties, who received him with very great Marks of Distinction; which however did not hinder his constant Opposition to the Measures of the Court: Yet it cannot be deny'd that his Lordship behav'd with very great Prudence in the Changes that happened upon the Accession of the _Brunswic_ Family to the Throne. This Lord, speaking to me one Day of those Alterations, in the Voyage which I made hither in 1728, told me, that if he had been rul'd by the Duke of _Ormond_, he would have been in the same miserable Circumstances as that Duke. "He did all he could, _said he_, to persuade me to quit the Kingdom with him; but he was so far from decoying me away, that I made use of all the Rhetoric I was Master of, to persuade him to stay at home, because we had neither of us done any thing but by Order of the Queen our Mistress; that therefore we had nothing to fear, and that the worst that could happen to us would be a Censure. But the Duke had such a Terror upon him, that all these Arguments were not powerful enough to encourage him; and but a few Hours before he went off, he came and conjured me to leave the Kingdom with him. I made him this Answer: _I have nothing to reproach myself with_, my Lord, _I have obeyed the Queen, and I have too high an Opinion of the Justice of my Country, and too great a Confidence in the Equity of the King, to fear any Thing_. The Answer which the Duke made me was, _Well then_, my Lord, _I must take the same Farewel of you as the_ Prince of Orange _did of_ Count Egmont. FAREWEL, COUNT WITHOUT A HEAD. To which I replied, FAREWEL, DUKE WITHOUT A DUCHY. The Event has shewn, that I was a better Prophet than the Duke of _Ormond_: For I enjoy my Estate in Peace, whereas what he had is taken from him." In the same Conversation the Earl talked a great deal to me of their Majesties, and in Terms of the profoundest Respect. He expressed an infinite Value for the King, who when Prince of _Wales_, said he, always treated him with very great Regard and Goodness. Nevertheless this Lord seldom appears at Court: He spends the Summer in the Country, and the Winter at _London_, where once a Week he has an Assembly; but in other respects he lives very retired, and at no great Expence.

The Duke of _Newcastle_ is Secretary of State. This Nobleman is extremely civil, very rich, and lives grand. He has the Province of foreign Affairs, in Conjunction with my Lord _Harrington_, who, when he was only Colonel _Stanhope_, gain'd Reputation as Ambassador in _Spain_, and at the Congress of _Soissons_. I knew this Minister at _Madrid_ in 1719, and can vouch for him, that he is one of the worthiest and soberest Men in the World. He is good-natur'd, modest, generous, and mighty sincere. He is shy of new Acquaintance, but when once a Man knows him, the better he will like him.

I don't think that the Ministers of this Country, or the Nobility, are so haughty as they are represented in our Country; and have Reason to think, that they who say the _English_ are not civil to Foreigners, have not been very conversant with 'em. 'Tis true, they are not so engaging as the _French_; but when a Man is known among them, gives into their Ways, and courts their Favour, in short, they are, methinks, as courteous and civil as any other People in the World. An _Englishman_ won't be saying at every Turn, _That he has the Honour to be your most humble Servant; that he has the Honour to say, to hear_, and so of the rest. He will say it perhaps once in a Conversation, and that's all; nor, on the other hand, does he want to be loaded with Compliments, Acknowledgments, and impertinent Bows. As he is above Trifles, he looks upon all those frothy Expressions as frivolous; and this it is that makes our young Travellers think, that the _English_ are not polite. Such far-fetcht and bombast Phrases are commonly all that those Sparks have learnt at a great deal of Expence in their Travels to _France_, and they are perfectly astonished, when they come into a Land of good Sense, and see so little Notice taken of what they have paid for so dear, and what has cost them so much Pains to acquire.

There are some _English_ People, who upon certain Occasions seem to forget the Persons they were great with but the Day before. In my former Voyage to this Country, I was at first surprised at this sort of Behaviour, and ascribed the Cause of it to the Pride of the _English_; but I was convinced afterwards, that it was owing much more to a melancholy Temper, which is general to almost the whole Nation. An _Englishman_ of this Cast is not the less a Friend upon that Account, and if one does not take Notice of that Unevenness of Temper, he will naturally come to himself, and they readily forgive their Friend for any Absence of Thought. In short, the _English_ have their Failings, because they are but Men; but I shall always pay very great Credit to an _Englishman_, when he tells me, that he is my Friend. In order to acquire the Friendship of these People, 'tis absolutely necessary to speak their Language. Many of them understand _French_ and _Italian_, but they don't care to speak foreign Languages; and when they do, 'tis either from Necessity or Constraint. Now Constraint is what the _English_ don't at all like; for as they enjoy the greatest Liberty of any People in the World, they have an Aversion to every Thing which cramps it.

Their Manners differ extremely from those of the _French_, which is what the latter are at a Loss to account for; because they have been always so much imitated by all other Nations, that they think themselves the Directors of Mankind, and that the _English_ do them an Injustice in not following their Copies. To give you my Judgment as to the Manners of these two Nations, is what I shall not undertake, being restrained from it by several Considerations, especially the Fear of doing Wrong either to the one or the other, and that I should not give a right Judgment in so great a Cause. They are both perhaps not exempt from very great Failings; but it seems to me, that the _English_ are not the Slaves of that Tyrant, Custom, and chuse to follow their Genius and good Sense. They don't surfeit themselves with those Nothings which the _French_ call Politeness, and which seem to be invented only to pass away the Time. In fine, to speak my Mind plainly, if I was but twenty Years of Age, I could like to be a complete _Frenchman_; but now that I am forty, I am perfectly reconciled to the Manners and Customs of the _English_.

A Zeal for Religion seems to me to be the only Point in which there is a Conformity of Temper between the two Nations: And tho' they differ widely in Principles, yet they both cry out loudly for the Privileges of their Church, and both have equally their Fanatics. For tho' _London_ has not such as are Devotees to St. _Paris_, it has other Sectaries, who are as senseless. For the rest, the two Nations may boast of having produced a great Number of good Men, as appears from the many good Books of Devotion and Morality, for which we are obliged to them. And as for Libertines, I think neither Nation has reason to reproach the other, and that there are as many at _London_ as at _Paris_.

The _English_ are run down for their Cruelty, but I know not for what Reason, unless it be, that in a Battle they do not readily give Quarter, and are apt to pursue their Advantage too far. I fansy it would be easy to prove, that other Nations, who charge the _English_ with this Vice, are more cruel than they. For in short, the Barbarities committed in the Conquest of _Mexico_, the burning of the _Palatinate_, the Massacre of St. _Bartholomew_, the _Sicilian_ Vespers, the Assassinations of the best of Kings, are Cruelties that are not to be matched in the History of _England_. We don't hear of those Assassinations in this Country, that are committed elsewhere; and even the Highwaymen seem to be more humane here than Abroad; for they generally content themselves with what is given them, without shedding of Blood; and some of them are so generous, as to give Money to People whom other Highwaymen had stripped. 'Tis inconceiveable how many Stratagems these Rogues make use of to carry their Points. I have been told a great many Stories upon this Head, of which I give you the following, because I think 'twas very well contrived.

As a Nobleman was travelling in his Coach, the Roads were so extremely bad, that his Servants who were on Horseback, were forced to turn out of the High-Road into a By-Way. His Lordship came by Degrees into a Vale, where he met with a Man on Horseback, who putting a Gun into the Coach, said to him, _My Lord, this is a good Gun; 'tis worth a hundred Pieces between Friends; I would advise you to buy it_. The Nobleman understood his Meaning, but being defenceless, he drew a hundred Guineas out of his Purse, which the Highwayman took, and gave him the Gun. The first Thing that my Lord did, was to present it at the Highwayman; but he told him, that he was not afraid of him; for, in short, the Gun was not charged, so that my Lord could not recover his Money.

As the Highwaymen are so artful in committing Robberies, they are much more so in escaping Justice. A Highwayman, who had also committed a Murder near _London_, some Years ago, rode fifty _French_ Leagues that Day, upon the same Horse. When he came to the Place where he thought himself safe, he took out his Watch; and shewing it to the People of the Inn where he sat up, _I call you to witness_, said he, _that at such an Hour I came hither, and I desire you to give me a Certificate of it in Writing_. They gave him one accordingly, which Piece of Paper saved his Life; for when he was apprehended, his Judges being assured that he was the Murderer, were just going to condemn him, when he ask'd them, At what o'Clock the Murder was committed? The Judges having told him the Hour, _How come you to think_, said he, _that 'twas possible for me so be guilty of the Crime of which you accuse me, when I was that very Day fifty Leagues from the Place where 'twas committed_? The Judges, thinking it out of the Power of Man to be there, and so far off too, in that Time, set the Culprit at Liberty. Mean time, the President being persuaded that he was guilty, ask'd him privately how it was; and the Highwayman, after having made him promise to keep the Secret, confessed the Fact.

I could tell you a Number of such Stories, not so much to convince you, that the _English_ are not cruel, as to prove to you, that their Highwaymen are cunning. All the Laws here are mild, and not severe. There are no Tortures, nor are such made use of, even in Conspiracies. Nobody is condemned to die, if he be not found guilty before two Tribunals or Juries, composed of Persons who are, as near as can be, Men of equal Rank with the Party accused. The first Tribunal must consist of more than twelve Persons, but twelve is the Number by whom the Bill must be found. The second Tribunal consists precisely of twelve Jurymen, who must all be agreed in their Verdict, and be shut up together, without being allowed Victuals or Drink, till they are all of the same Opinion. There are but two Sorts of Execution known here, _viz._ Hanging and Beheading, of which the last is reserved only for such as are Peers of the Realm.

It seems to me, by what I have now told you, that the _English_ are as humane, and more so, than we are, who refine upon Tortures and Executions; as if 'twere nothing to make a Man suffer, and that 'twas not enough to take that Life from him, which no Monarch in the World can prolong one Moment, much less restore to him from whom he has once taken it.

The Execution of Criminals here is a perfect Shew to the People, by Reason of the Courage with which most of 'em go to the fatal Tree. I lately saw five carried to the Gallows, who were dressed, and seemed to be as well pleased, as if they were going to a Feast. The Executions here are not performed with that terrible Apparatus as they are elsewhere. There is not that Number of Halbardiers, nor all that Gravity, which sometimes strikes a greater Awe than the Execution itself. A Criminal goes to the Gallows here in a Cart. When he is directly under it, he is fastened to the Top of it, when a Smack of a Whip makes the Horses draw away the Cart, and the Criminal remains hanging. I am told, that his Friends or Neighbours pull him by the Feet, in order to dispatch him the sooner. They who die without Fainting, are always extolled to the Skies by the Populace, and the least of their Characters are, that they died like brave Gentlemen.

'Tis one of the distinguishing Characters of an _Englishman_, to be intrepid in the Article of Death. We are forbid by Religion, to approve of that Contempt of Life; yet we can't help admiring it in the _Romans_, from whom the _English_ have, no doubt, derived the Practice of putting an End to their Days, when Life is a Burden to them. These Self-Murders are but too frequent here, and are committed by Persons of good Families, as well as by the Dregs of the People. I gave you an Instance in one of my Letters from _Paris_, of a certain Bookbinder and his Wife, who hang'd themselves at _London_, for fear of that Misery in Life which they thought unavoidable. I could give you other Instances as tragical, if I were not apprehensive, that such melancholy Catastrophes would give you Horror. Mean time you must agree with me in the Impossibility of accounting for such a strange odd Turn of Mind in these People; for in short, other Nations don't seem by their Actions to have any more Religion than the _English_, and they are all equally sensible of Misfortunes; yet one rarely hears of a Foreigner makeing an Attempt upon himself. How come the _English_ then to be so free with Life? Does it proceed from a greater Sense of Courage, or of Cowardice?

A great many of 'em hang themselves purely for Love. I own to you, that if I were so forsaken by God, as to commit such a foolish Prank, it should be for an _English_ Woman. They have, in my Opinion, such an Air of Modesty and Good-nature, and withal, such a bashful Simplicity, as charm me, and such tender languishing Eyes too, as tho' not universally pleasing, yet captivate me to such a Degree, that if I was but twenty Years of Age, I should have gone very much astray. Most of the _English_ Women are handsome; they have the finest Hair in the World, and are only obliged to pure Nature for the Beauty of their Complexions. 'Tis a Pleasure to see them blush. The frankest of 'em retain an Air of Modesty, which would persuade one, that they don't affect to be wicked. They are commonly very richly dressed, but not altogether in the Taste of the _French_ Ladies, which is the only Fault that I find with 'em. They seem to affect Dressing to their Disadvantage. Their Gowns so close before, with strait Sleeves, which don't reach beyond the Elbow, make them look as if they had no Shoulders nor Breasts. And what is worse than all, they have broad flat Rumps to their Gowns, and Hoop-Petticoats, narrow at the Top, and monstrously wide at the Bottom. They are always laced, and 'tis as rare to see a Woman here without her Stays on, as it is to see one at _Paris_ in a full Dress. I wish the _English_ Ladies would take Pattern by the _French_ a little more in their Dress; for in my Judgment, the Knots of Ribban in their Cornets, and a thousand Trinkets with which the latter set themselves off, are very becoming to the Sex. On the other hand, I should be glad, if the young Gentlemen did not imitate the _French_ Air and Dress so much as they do; but kept to the Manners of their own Country, which are more suitable to the Men. They say, that among the good Qualities of the Women here, they are equally susceptible themselves of the Passion of Love, which they are so apt to kindle in the Men. This is very good, and perfectly natural; for in my Opinion, nothing is so ill becoming to the Fair Sex as Hard-heartedness, the rather, because I believe 'tis possible for a Woman to be in Love, without abandoning Virtue.

The Ladies here have little to employ them; their Amusement being to give and receive Visits, to go often to Court, to have the Pleasure of being seen, which really is of all Pleasures that which they seem to take most Delight in. This is the Motive that carries them to the public Walks, Concerts, and Theatres; in all which Places they are mightily reserved, have but little Talk, and their chief Conversation is the Flutter of their Fans. I was one Day paying a Visit at a House where there was an Assembly of twenty Women, and not one Man besides myself: They look'd upon one another, but did not speak a Word. I may defy you to shew me any other Place where there's a Score of Women in Company, and not one Tongue stirring. As for the rest, the Women here enjoy great Liberty. They turn out in a Morning, with a black velvet Mask on their Faces, a Coif on, in form of a Hat, with the Brims down, a round Gown, and a white Apron; and in this Trim they go to the Park, or whithersoever they please. They take the Air very much on Horseback. In short, they do what they have a Mind to. Mean time the Husbands are seldom of their Parties, and trouble themselves very little whither they go, being too much Philosophers, and of too good Sense, to make their Honour dependent on the Virtue of their Wives, which at the same time, I verily believe, to be in less Danger here than elsewhere, it being not the Genius of the _English_, to take a great deal of Pains for an Amour; and I am persuaded, that _Hercules_'s Love for _Omphale_ will never be equalled in this Country.

The Pleasures of this great City are of many and various Kinds; yet I have known _Englishmen_, at their Return from _Paris_, say, they thought _London_ too dull a Place for 'em to live in. Others would argue with me, that there's more Diversion at _Rome_. You know, Sir, what I have related to you, of the Pleasures both of _Rome_ and _Paris_; and after I have given you an Account of those of _London_, such as they are, or may be taken, you shall be the Judge betwixt those _Frenchify'd_ or _Italianized Englishmen_, and me.

A Man of Sense, a Scholar, a Devotee; in one Word, a Man, is never at a Loss here for suitable Company, and I defy him to meet with better on the other Side of the Herring-Pond: The irregular Man, or rather the Deboshee, has here his full Swing: And the fine Gentleman, whom I place in a Medium betwixt the two Extremes, has enough to regale his Appetite. As the Species of the latter, is the most prevailing, we will shew how he passes his Time: He rises late, puts on a Frock, (which is a close-body'd Coat, without Pockets or Plaits, and with strait Sleeves) and leaving his Sword at home, takes his Cane, and goes where he pleases. The Park is commonly the Place he walks to, because 'tis the Exchange for Men of Quality. There he has it at his Choice to make any Engagement whatsoever. Then he goes home to dress, and afterwards saunters to some Coffee-house, or Chocolate-house, frequented by the Person he would see; for 'tis a sort of Rule with the _English_, to go, once a Day at least, to Houses of this Sort, where they talk of Business and News, read the Papers, and often look at one another, without opening their Lips; and 'tis very well they are so mute; for if they were as talkative as the People of many other Nations, the Coffee-houses would be intolerable, and there would be no hearing what one Man said, where there are so many. The Chocolate-house in St. _James_'s-street, whither I go every Morning, to pass away the Time, is always so full that a Man can scarce turn about in it. Here are Dukes, and other Peers, mixed with Gentlemen; and to be admitted, there needs nothing more than to dress like a Gentleman. At one o'Clock, they go to Court, to the King's Levee, and from thence to the Queen's Apartment, where is commonly a great Number of Ladies, very well dressed. At three o'Clock they all retire to their several Appointments. Dinners here are very expensive, and parties at Taverns very much in Fashion. At private Houses the Ladies retire as soon as Dinner is over, and the Men remain at the Table; upon which, the Cloth being taken off, the Footmen place a Bottle of Wine, or more, if all the Guests don't drink the same Sort, with Glasses well rinsed, and then they withdraw, only one waits at the Beaufet. The Bottle now goes round; every one fills his Glass as he pleases, and drinks as much, or as little as he will; but they always drink too much, because they sit too long at it.

When the Company breaks up from Table, if it be fine Weather, they go out again for the Air, either in a Coach to _Hide_ Park, where the Ring is, or else on Foot to St. _James_'s Park. In the Winter they make Visits till the Plays begin; but these Representations really deserve a separate Article, and you shall have it by-and-by at large. After the Opera's or Plays are over, the Company goes to the Assemblies, which are alternative, sometimes at one Lord's House, and sometimes at another's, or else they repair to the _Drawing-room_. At Midnight they go to Supper. The Companies formed at the Taverns are the merriest, and _Bacchus_ is commonly seconded by _Venus_. At Day light the jolly Carousers retire home. Judge, after what I have now said, whether a young Gentleman has not as much to amuse himself at _London_, as at _Paris_ and _Rome_. Believe me, that they who say that this City is too melancholy for 'em, only say so to give themselves an Air.

At private Houses the Tables are served with as much Neatness and Delicacy as in any Country in the World. There are three Dishes commonly at each Course, and Plates are often laid two or three deep, which is the Reason that People always eat more than they would otherwise, and that Abundance of Time is spent at Table. There is excellent Beef here; and I am in Love with their Puddings, which are made of Flour, Eggs, Crumbs of Bread, and in short, a thousand Ingredients that I know nothing of, but all together make very good Fare. There's one Custom established in these Houses, which to be sure you would not dislike, _viz._ That at the first Time of a Man's Introduction to a Family, he salutes the Mistress of the House with a Kiss, which tho' but a very modest one, 'tis a Pleasure to see a Colour come into the Lady's Cheeks, as if they had committed a Fault. A second Custom, which is not so agreeable as the former, is, that after a Man has been entertained, something must be given to the Servants of the House: And this Gift must be proportioned to the Rank of the Master of the House at whose Table you have sat; so that if a Duke gives me a Dinner four times a Week, his Footmen would pocket as much of my Money, as would serve my Expences at the Tavern for a Week. I wonder why the _English_ keep up this Custom, those especially who live so magnificently, and pay their Domestics so handsomely, that I believe they are as happy as any of their Class in the World.

The Tavern Reckonings run excessive high, but then there's the best of Attendance and Accommodation; in which respect I prefer them to the Cabarets of _Paris_, where the Table Linen is generally very course and dirty.

The Assemblies here are so throng'd, that there's hardly any stirring. Nevertheless, there are seldom more than three or four Gaming-Tables. Almost every body is standing. They are in perpetual Motion, like a Swarm of Ants; they jostle and squeeze by one another, then ask Pardon, pass mutual Compliments, and just inquire after one another's Health; but 'tis in a manner impossible to hold a Conversation.

The gayest and most numerous Assembly in _Europe_ is upon the Ball-Days at the Grand Theatre in the _Hay Market_. I can safely say, that I never saw a finer Sight in my Life. Sometimes there are no less than three thousand in Company. Every Person pays a Guinea, for which they are accommodated with all manner of Refreshments, and all the Sorts of Wines imaginable, besides a stately Desert of Fruit and Sweetmeats. All this numerous Assembly parades in several Rooms richly adorned, and completely illuminated. In several of these they dance, and in others there's Play. The Entertainment opens with a Concert perform'd by the ablest Musicians in _London_. Then the Ball begins, and holds till next Morning. At these Balls the Company are often mask'd, and then the King and the Prince of _Wales_ honour them with their Presence; but the Queen and the Princesses are never there. At all these Entertainments, every body appears very well dressed, and the Ladies especially are stuck all over with Jewels; for there is no Country in the World where there are finer Diamonds. The _English_ Dances are Country-dances, which require several Couples at a time; and all that perform in them, close in by Turns, which gives Opportunities of making an Acquaintance. The Tunes to which they dance are so brisk, that I fansy they would be more agreeable to the Vivacity of the _French_, than the Sedateness of the _English_.

As to Plays, the _English_ are fond of them, and have more of 'em than any other Nation. They have an _Italian_ Opera, which is the best and most magnificent in _Europe_. They pay a Guinea for the Boxes, half a Guinea for the Pit, and a Crown for the Gallery. But though 'tis always crouded, yet it won't defray the Expences of Acting; so that several of the Nobility contribute to the Salaries of the Actors, which are extravagant; but then they have the best Voices of _Italy_. An Actor, whose Name is _Senesino_, has one thousand five hundred Pounds a Year, besides Presents in Abundance. The Music of these Operas is generally composed by one _Handel_, who is esteemed by a great many People beyond all Expression, but others reckon him no extraordinary Man; and for my own part, I think his Music not so affecting as 'tis elegant. The Decorations are very fine, and the Room is very large, and much more beautiful than that at _Paris_. The Company sit for most part in the Pit, where the Ladies form Semi-Circles, so that all their Faces are seen, which makes a very good Effect. I forgot to tell you, that the whole is well illuminated with Wax candles. There's Dancing between the Acts, when there is no burlesque Interlude.

Besides the _Italian_ Opera, there's an _English_ one, where they sing only the Tunes, the rest being recited. This, I think, is more just, than when the whole is sung; at least a Man does not sing when he is killing or beating himself.

The _English_ Comedy is no less esteemed by the _English_, than it has been severely criticiz'd by the _French_, who say, 'tis not comparable to theirs. The Wits of both Nations have treated this important Subject very gravely, and have alike shewn their Presumption. I am far from giving my Judgment betwixt them; but I must say, that it seems to me, that the _French_ are too much cramp'd by their Rules, and the _English_ not enough. Thus do the two Nations discover the Difference of their Taste, the one for Obedience, the other for Liberty. Tho' the _English_ are not such nice Observers of the Simplicity of the Subject, and the Unity of Place, yet they seem to me to abound in happy Sentiments: And how much prejudiced soever they may be said to be in Favour of their own Productions, yet they do not want an Esteem for such _French_ Pieces, where they meet with Sentiments that are agreeable. The Tragedy of _Brutus_ by _Voltaire_ is just translated here, which is a Piece that has had a better Run even at _London_, than at _Paris_; and as it was composed by the Author in _England_, he was so intirely captivated with the Freedom of Thinking among the _English_, that he had in some measure forgot he was a _Frenchman_, and speaks in it of Kings as if they were but Men.

The Plays lead me to give you an Account of the rest of those Pleasures in which the _English_ seem to take Delight. They hunt much, but in a Manner very different from us. They ride exceeding hard, and hunt a poor Hare with as much Eagerness as they pursue a routed Enemy. Their Hounds, and their Horses too, encourage their Keenness for the Sport, there being not the like in the World for Speed; so that _England_ furnishes almost all the Nobility in _Europe_ with Horses and Dogs, as the King of _Denmark_ does with Falcons.

The Swiftness of the _English_ Horses is the Reason that there are Horse-Races every Year at a Place called _Newmarket_; and this really is what Travellers may say is worth seeing. These Races continue for several Days successively, and infinitely surpass those which are seen in _Italy_. They are run round a large Plain. Two Horses mounted by Jockeys contend which shall run fastest. The Riders are weighed, and to the lightest of them they give that Weight which he wants of the other. They ride without a Saddle, and with such Velocity, that the Eye can scarce keep Pace with 'em. Upon these Occasions, Wagers are laid of several thousand Pounds Sterling: And it seems to be a Festival celebrated to the Honour of _Plutus_, the God of Riches; for the Jockey that wins the Prize is sure to be refreshed with a Shower of Guineas, every one crouding to reward him. Such is the Custom of the _English_, who not only pay those handsomely who contribute to their Pleasures, but load them with Presents. This is to be seen at all the Prize-sightings, Rope-dancings, Tumblings, and such Diversions, where every one throws down Money upon the Stage to them that play their Part best. The Actors at the Opera and the Play-houses have also Gratuities, besides their Salaries; for once a Year, every Performer has a Benefit-Night, as they call it, which is the Surplus Money then taken, over and above the Charges of the House; and if the Person be a Favourite of the Town, as Notice is given by Play-Bills pasted up, for whose Benefit the Play is to be acted, People send for more Tickets than they shall make use of, for the Party's Encouragement. This Generosity of the _English_ towards those who give them Pleasure, extends in a particular Manner towards their Mistresses, for whom they think nothing too fine, nor too dear. Thus, 'tis not to Assiduity that they are willing to be obliged for the Favours which they receive, but to their Money, and their Presents; wherein they differ widely from certain Abbés of _Rome_, of whom no less than five or six club for the keeping of one Mistress.

These Abbés put me in mind of a numerous Tribe here, called _Chaplains_, whose bonny Countenances are a pretty evident Proof, that at the Reformation of the Church of _England_, their Revenues were not very much impaired. Whether these Gentlemen are more sober than our Clergy, I know not; but by Appearances I am almost tempted to think, that they have the same Thirst for Honour and Wealth, the same Cares and Uneasiness; in fine, that they are Men alike. The Difference is, that the _English_ are subject to the Laws, that their Passions are kept within Bounds, and that the Laity are not so superstitious as to take them for Oracles. 'Tis said that they make admirable Sermons, the constant Tenor of which is to reform Mankind, and to guide them in the Path of Virtue. They read them instead of pronouncing them by Heart, which prevents them from falling into that extravagant Gesticulation, and those mad Rants and Enthusiasm, which commonly irritate more than edify. But I think I have said enough to you of the Clergy, when I had undertaken to give you a farther Account of the _English_ Diversions. Those of the Vulgar are, the Battles of Animals, Prize-fighters, Wrestlers, and in a Word, all Manner of Diversions that contribute to the shedding of Blood; for here, Wounds go for nothing, and Death itself is but little dreaded. I fansy the _English_ are descended from _Mutius Scævola_, because, like that _Roman_, they despise Pain. Among the Pleasures of the Populace there are some too that are mixed with Insolence; of which I saw an Instance a few Days ago in St. _James_'s Park. A Man had laid a Wager, that he would run round the Park in so many Minutes; and that he might be the less incumbered in his Race, he stripped himself stark naked, so that his Hand served him for a Fig-leaf. In this State of Nature he travers'd along the Mall, thro' an infinite Concourse of People. The Ladies, astonish'd at such a Sight, knew not how to keep their Countenances: Some turned their Heads aside, others hid their Faces with their Fans, but they all made a Row, as well as the Men, to let him pass by. After he had finished his Race, he gravely put on his Cloaths, near _Whitehall_, where he left 'em; and as he had won the Wager, abundance of People, instead of checking him for his Insolence, threw him Money. Judge by this, if any People are so good-natur'd and happy as the _English_.

Among the Pleasures of this Nation, I must not forget to mention the Parties they make for the Country. This the _English_ set a great Value upon, and really well they may; for indeed their Country is very beautiful. It produces them every thing but Wine. Their Fields have always a fresh Verdure, the Gentlemens Country-Seats are superb, and in the Country the _English_ live with the Grandeur of Noblemen, whereas at _London_ they live for most part like mere private Men.

Nothing can be more agreeable to the Eye, than the Suburbs of _London_, particularly along the _Thames_. I cannot conceive how a Native of _England_, and one too that has a Fortune to depend on, can resolve to leave these Regions, as a great many _English_ nevertheless do, who prefer Countries to which Nature has not been so kind, before their own. I confess, that if I had one thousand Pounds Sterling a Year in _England_, I would renounce the most shining Offers of Fortune elsewhere; for the Climate here is mild, without that excessive Heat or Cold which is so troublesome in other Parts of the World: And indeed, 'tis for this Cause that the Fruits here are not so kindly as elsewhere, and that the Grape does not grow here for the Production of Wine; but then, this Defect is supplied by the Grapes of _Spain_ and _Portugal_, which are imported here in Abundance.

One of the most agreeable Prospects in the Country here, is to see the happy Condition of the Peasants, who are all well lodged, well clad, and well fed. Their Lot is happier than that of many Gentlemen in certain Provinces that I know. Here is nothing of that excessive Subordination which is demanded by the Grandees of other Countries. A Gentleman who makes a Visit to a Lord, is receiv'd by him as his Equal, without being made sensible of the Difference that has happened betwixt them on the Score of Birth. Nevertheless, the great Men are very much honoured here; for while they are civil, every body strives to pay them all Sorts of Deference, but nobody thinks he is born to be insulted by them.

The Great Men here, as well as in _France_, don't scruple to marry Women of inferior Families. Indeed there ought to be a great Distinction made between the _English_ Merchant and the Merchants of other Countries. The _English_ are often descended from the greatest Families in the Kingdom, and we have seen some of them go from behind their Compter to a Peerage, when by Right of Succession they rise from Cadets to be the eldest of their Families. Thus, when a Nobleman marries a Merchant's Daughter, she sometimes proves his Cousin, or a Lady of a distinguish'd Family; whereas in _France_, she is always the Daughter of a Plebeian.

These, Sir, are the few Remarks that I have made upon this Country, and I wish they may entertain you. As I propose to make some longer Stay here, I may hereafter send you farther Observations on what occurs. In the mean time, continue me in the Honour of your Remembrance, and be thoroughly persuaded, that no Person in the World is more particularly than I am, &c.

An Alphabetical INDEX

TO THE

SECOND VOLUME.

A

_Abbés_, _Italian_, 69, 70. Five or six club for one Mistress, 469.

_Abbesses_ that preach'd, bless'd and confess'd, 195.

_Academy, French._ Its Invitation to the Stage-Players, and their Return of the Favour, 266, 267.

_Acquaviva_, Cardinal, 4, 44, 55.

---- _Charles_, Pr. of, 136.

_Acunha, Lewis de_, 406.

_Agasias_ the _Ephesian_, 49.

_Agnus Dei_'s, their Fabrication and Distribution, Origin and Consecration, 99, _&c._

_Agrippa_, Emperor, 7.

_Agrippina_, the Mother of _Nero_, 332.

_Aignan_, (_St._) Duke _de_, 85, 123.

AIX LA CHAPELLE, _t._ 327. Reliques exposed there, 329.

_Aix_ Parliament. The _Jansenists_ with the Members hang'd, 194. An Epigram, making them greater Sinners than _Pilate_, _ibid._

_Alacoque Maria_, made a Saint by a Bishop, 202.

_Alais_, Count de, 217.

_Albano_ Cardinal, 15, 16, 37, 78, 88.

---- Painter, 359.

_Albemarle_, Earl and Countess, 407, 408.

_Alberoni_'s Proposal to the Cardinals, to take away the Franchises of Churches, 75. _Clement_ XIth's Design to deprive him of the Hat, 88.

_Albert_, Archduke of _Austria_, 313.

_Albert the Great_, Bishop of _Ratisbon_, 327.

_Albert_, Cardinal of _Brandenbourg_, 336, 342.

_Albin, St._ Abbé of, 291.

_Alcmaer_, t. 392.

_Alegre_, Marshal, 339.

_Alexander Farnese_, 39.

_Alexander_ VI. Pope, 97.

ALEXANDRIA _de la Paille_, t. 151.

_Aliberti_, Count, his Theatre, 65.

_Alincourt_, Marquis _de_, 174, 175. Remarkable Preferment of his Son to the See of _Lyons_, 175, 176.

_Almanza_ Victory, to what ascrib'd, 259.

_Alstein_, a _German_ Minister, 382.

_Altelli_, General of the _Corsicans_, 150.

_Alva_, Duke of, 317.

_Ambiorix_, King, 321.

_Ambrun_, Council of, 240.

_Amelia_, Princess, 448.

_Amende honorable_, Punishment, what, 433.

_Amerongen_, Brigadier _de_. The Token he gave of his Love for a Lady, at the Hazard of his Life, 320.

AMSTERDAM, _t._ 317, 371.

_Anabaptist_, _Dutch_, his Zeal for Comedy, 410, 411.

ANDERNACH, _t._ 348.

_Angelo, Michael_, 33, 37.

_St. Angelo_, Castle, 31.

_Angervilliers_, M. _de_, 238, 239.

_Anne_ of _Austria_, 198.

---- of _Bavaria_, the Palatine, 218.

---- Queen of _England_, Reflection on her Statue at St. _Paul_'s, 433.

---- Princess Royal of _England_, 448.

_Anna Maria Frances_ of _Saxe-Lawenburg_, Duchess of _Tuscany_, 135.

_Antin_, Duke of, 188, 199. His Son, 226.

_Antonine_ Pillar, 3.

_Antoninus Caracalla_, Emperor, 38.

_Antoninus_ and _Faustina_'s Temple at _Rome_, 35.

ANTWERP, _t._ 317.

_Ara Ubiorum_ of the Ancients, 338.

_Archduchess_, Governess of the _Netherlands_, 299, to 302, 304.

_Ardicinio_, Cardinal, 87.

_Aremberg_, Duke _de_, (just made Generalissimo of the Imperial Forces in the _Austrian Netherlands_) 297, 298, 299, 306.

_Argenson_, M. _de_, Keeper of the Seals, 210, 236, 245, 385.

_Armagnac_, M. _de_, 251.

_Armand_ his extraordinary Adventures, 414, _&c._

_Armenonville_, M. _de_, 236.

_Arno_, R. 141.

_Ascanio_, the _Spanish_ Minister, 132.

_Asfeldt_, Baron _de_, 339.

_Asperen_, Count _de_, 403.

_Assassins_, Sanctuary at _Rome_, 75, 76.

_Assemblies_, at _Rome_, 69, 70, 71.

_Astalli_, Cardinal, his Elopement when the Pope went to deprive him of his Hat, 93 to 95.

ASTI, _t._ 151.

_Astrologer_, _Turkish_, his Prophecy relating to himself, Father, Grandfather, and Great-Grandfather, 140.

_Athlone_, Earl of, 366.

_Aubigny_, _Theodore de_, Admiral, the famous Protestant and Author, 264.

---- _Frances de_, his Grand-daughter, who was Marchioness _de Maintenon_, 262 to 265. Her Family, 264.

_Audenarde_, Battle, to what the _French_ ascribe the Loss of it, 153.

_Audiences_, the Ceremony of those given by the Pope, 55, _&c._

_August_, Snow in that Month, 13.

_Augustus_, Emperor, 7.

---- King of _Poland_. The Countess of _Wartemberg_'s Attack upon him, 410.

_Auricular Confession_, why abolish'd throughout the _East_, 195.

_Author_, the, his Amour with an old Coquet of the pious Sort, 286, _&c._ ---- At what Age he could like to be a _Frenchman_, and at what an _Englishman_, 455. ---- His Father's Death, 321.

_Auverquerque, Maurice_, Count _de_, 412, 413.

AUXERRE, _t._ 183.

_Ayrolles_, M. _de_, 405.

B

_Bacharach_, Wine, 352.

_Baden_, Princess, marry'd to the Duke of _Orleans_, 206. Treaty there, 255. How Prince _Lewis_ was surpriz'd by M. _Villars_, 256.

_Bagnolet_ Village, 206.

_Baker_ castrated by his jealous Wife, 183.

_Balbi, James_, a _Genoese_ Nobleman, 146.

_Balls_ at the _Haymarket_, magnificent, 465.

_Banchieri_, Cardinal, 16, 18, 44, 54, 112.

_Bank Bills_, French, 245 to 248.

---- Of _Amsterdam_, 380.

_Barberini_ Family, more barbarous than the Barbarians, 7.

---- Cardinal, 15, 78, 96.

---- Palace, 40, 64.

_Barcelona_ reduc'd, 257.

_Bareith_, Prince of, 404.

_Baron_, a _French_ Comedian and Coxcomb, 200.

_Barre, John_, his extraordinary Adventures, 414, _&c._

_Barricades_ of _Paris_ erected, 283.

_Bavaria_, Elector of, 214, 303.

_Beaufort_, Count _de_, 323.

_Beaujolois_, Mademoiselle _de_, 208.

_Becker_, M. _de_, Chancellor, 363.

_Belisarius_'s Statue, 48.

_Belle-Isle_, Count _de_, 210, 217, 227.

_Benedict_ XIII. Pope, 26. His Credulity abus'd by the Cardinals, particularly _Coscia_; and his great Humility and Sanctity, 26 to 30. A Reflection on his Ministers, 114.

_Benefices_, Instances of Pluralities, 337, 342.

_Benefit-Nights_ at the Theatre, 468.

BENSBERG, _t._ 357.

_Bentivoglio_, Cardinal, 4, 13, 14, 85. His Dissatisfaction with the Emperor about _Parma_, 120. Death and Successor, 130.

---- Marquis, 14.

_Berg_, Country, 361.

_Bernini Lorenzo_, Architect, 6, 8.

---- The Sculptor, 9, 34, 48, 101.

_Berry_, Duke of, 206.

_Berwic, James_, (late) Duke. His Parentage and Preferments, 257 to 259. His too great Obsequiousness to the Regent and Court of _France_, 258, 259. His Death and Successor, 259. His great Aversion to the _English_, and Ingratitude to the King of _Spain_, 258, 259.

_Beverwert_, M. _de_, 401.

_Bichi_, Cardinal, 116, 117, 118.

BINGEN, _t._ 352.

_Binger-Loch_, a Cascade upon the _Rhine_, 351.

_Bissi_, Cardinal, 14.

_Blanc_, M. _le_, Secretary, 210, 227, 238.

_Blaspiel_, Baron and Baroness _de_, 363, 364.

_Bleickert_ Wine, 348.

_Blood Divine_, suck'd by the Pope, 21.

_Bodies Human_, a Thought concerning them, 272.

_Boerhaave_, Professor, 397.

_Boetselaars_, 412.

_Bois_, Cardinal _de_, 230, 291, 292. Story of his Marriage, 293. His brutish Conversation, and Habit of Swearing, 294, 295. His Tomb, and Remark upon it, 295.

BOLOGNA, _t._ 129, _&c._

_Bolognetti_, Cardinal, 37.

---- Countess, 69.

_Boniface_ VIII. Pope. His Order about the Cardinals Robes, 86.

BONN, _t._ 337.

_Bonnet_, (_St._) an Officer, 338.

_Bookselling Trade_, the Centre of it, 386.

_Bookbinder_ and his Wife, Suicides, 270 to 273.

_Bork_, M. _de_, 363.

_Borghese_, Prince, his Palace, 46, 48, 49. His Family the Favourites of St. _Peter_, 47.

_Borghese, Scipio_, Cardinal, 47, 48, 49.

_Borgia_, Cardinal, his Resignation of the Hat, 87.

_---- Casar_, Duke _de Valentinois_, his Contrivance to poison a Cardinal, like to have been fatal to himself, 97, 98.

_Borgo_, Marquis _del_, 157, 161.

_Bossu_, Cardinal _de_, 318.

_Bot_, General, 362.

_Boufflers_, Marshal, 253, 315.

_Bougir_'s House at _Aix la Chapelle_, 331.

_Bourbon_, Duke of, 182, 186, 207, 290, 291. How he lost an Eye, 208. Made Superintendant of the King's Education, and Prime Minister, 209, 210, 221. Displac'd, 211, 226, 230. His Marriage, 212.

---- Duchess of, 216, 217.

_Brandenburg Anspach_, Margrave, 446.

_Breteuil_, M. 210, 238, 293.

_Brignole_, Messieurs, of _Genoa_, 147.

BRILLE, _t._ 427.

_Brioche, Swiss_, burnt for a Conjurer, 385.

_Brosse_, M. _de_, 405.

_Brouffel_ arrested by _Anne_ of _Austria_, 283.

BRUGES, _t._ 312.

_Bruhl_, Seat of the Elector of _Cologne_, 340.

_Brunette_, Fort _de la_, 169.

_Brunswic_, Duchess of, 218.

_---- Lunenburg, Antony-Ulric_, Duke, 361.

BRUSSELS, _t._ 298. Its Trade, and the Pleasures of the Court and the City, 308, 317.

_Brutus_'s Tragedy by _Voltaire_, 265, 266, 467.

_Bucentaur_ of _Venice_, the Oath taken by her Captain, 315.

_Buckingham_ House, 437.

---- Duchess Dowager, _ib._

_Bullen, Anne_, Queen, 438.

_Buonarota, Mich. Angelo_, 6, 24.

_Buoncompagno_, Cardinal, his Comparison of the Pope to the Holy Sepulchre, 29. His Funeral, 107.

_Burgomasters, Dutch_, 376.

_Burgundians_, their Character, 182.

_Burgundy_, Wine, counterfeited, 348.

_Burgundy_, Duke, his Honour vindicated, 154. How much he is still venerated in _France_, 204.

_Bussy, Rabutin_'s Letters, 182, 443.

C

_Cadiere_, Mademoiselle _la_, her Affair with _Girard_ her Father Confessor, 193. Her Recantation of the Charge against him, 194.

_Cadogan_, Earl and Countess, 409.

_Calf_, M. disowns his Son by reason of his Dress, 390.

CAMBRAY, _t._ 291. Congress, 295, 296.

_Campagna di Roma_, infested by Locusts, 41.

_Campo Vaccino_, Square, at _Rome_, 34.

_Canals_, _Canards_, and _Canaille_ 428.

_Canons_, where they have the Title of Counts, 180.

_Capitol_, of _Rome_, 33.

_Caponi_, Marquis _de_, 346.

_Carache, Annibal_, Painter, 39, 359.

_Caraffa, John Peter_, Cardinal, 126.

_Cardinals in Petto_, what, 82. The slavish Life of the Cardinals, with all their Dignity, 83. Their Manner of going Abroad, 83, 84. Their Dress, and a Vindication of 'em from Luxury, 84. The Vanity of their Pretension to an Equality with crown'd Heads, 85. Their Manner of Visiting, and their several Orders, 86. Why their Hats are Red, and their Robes and Bonnets Scarlet, _ib._ How they came to the Title of Eminency, _ib._ Who the greatest Pushers for the Hat, and who have resign'd it, 87. Their Consinement to the Dominions of the Holy See, 90, 93. Why they always take their own Liquor with them, 97.

_Carignan_, Prince of, 201.

_Carlos_, Don, his Journey to _Tuscany_, 139, 233, 318. A Prophecy of _Nostradamus_ apply'd to him, 139.

_Carnival_, at _Rome_, 64.

_Caroline_, Princess, 448.

_Carolis_, Cardinal, 37.

_Carpentier_, a _French_ Refugee in _Holland_, 429.

_Carpinetti_, Duke, 42.

_Casimir, John_ of _Poland_, Cardinal, his Resignation of the Hat, 87. King, 336.

_Cassius, Florus_, 340.

_Castor_ and _Pollux_, represented by two great Horses, 33.

_Catharine_, Queen, Wife to _Hen._ VIII. 438. Wife to _Char._ II. threatened by a Lady never to be visited again, till she could be seen for 6 _d._ 444.

_Catinat_, Marshal de, 252.

_Cellamare_, Prince of, 180, 222.

_Cenis_, Mountain, 168, 169, 170.

_Cevennois_ Rebellion suppressed, how, 253.

CHALONS, upon the _Saone_, t. 180.

_Chamber_ of Justice in _France_, 249.

CHAMBERRY, _t._ 171.

_Chantilly_, Seat, 290.

_Chaplains, English_, 469.

_Charlemagne_, Emperor, 325, 330.

_Charles Emanuel_ II. of _Savoy_, his finishing a Road on the _Alpes_, which the _Romans_ began, 171.

_Charles_ V. Emperor, 311, 400. His Declaration about the _Dutch_, 428.

---- VI. Emperor. 328. His Addresses to the Princess (the late Queen of _Great Britain_) 446.

_Charles_ I. King of _England_, the Window from which he walk'd to the Scaffold, 435. His Statue. 438.

---- II. King of _England_, his Statue, 434. His Menace of the City of _London_, 431. His Design to improve St. _James_'s Park, 436.

---- King of _Sardinia_, his dutiful Conduct towards his Father, at and after his Abdication, 155. His Queen, 165.

_Charni_, Marquis _de_, General, 137.

_Charolois_, Count _de_, 212 to 217.

---- Madem. _de_, 217, 218.

_Charost_, Duke _de_, 226, 227.

_Chartres_, Duke _de_, 206, 209, 268.

---- Madem. _de_, 207.

_Châtelain_, M. _de_, 383.

_Chauvelin_, M. _de_, Keeper of the Seals, (just remov'd) 236.

_Chelles_, Abbess of, 207.

_Chesterfield_, Earl of, 403.

_Children_, 365 born at once, 425.

_Chimay_, Prince _de_, 318.

_Chocolate-house_, in St. _James_'s _street_, 463.

CHOISY, _t._ 188, 189.

_Christina_, Queen of _Sweden_, 11, 25. A cruel Action of hers, 184.

_Church_, built by a Lottery, 201.

_Churchill, Arabella_, 257.

_Cibo_, Cardinal, 143. _Alaric_, ibid.

_Cicero_'s, in _Italy_, what, 261.

_Cicisbei_, the Name of those who gallant the _Genoese_ Ladies, 148.

_Cienfuegos_, Cardinal, 15, 16, 17, 45, 78, 85. His Dissatisfaction with the Emperor in the Affair of _Parma_, 120. The Theft he committed in _Westminster_ Abbey, 440.

_Claude_, of _Lorain_, Duchess of _Tuscany_, 135.

_Clement Augustus_, Elector of _Cologne_, 332, 336, 342. His Revenue, 337. His Brothers, 341. His Aggrandisement asserted to be for the Interest of Popery, 342, 343.

_Clement_ XI. (Pope) his Design against Cardinal _Alberoni_, 88.

---- XII. Pope, 6. His Election, 13. Adoration of the Cardinals to him, 17, 18. His Coronation, 19. Our Author's Audience, 55. His Promotion of Cardinals, 77, 78, 115. His great Age and Ailments, 88. His Severity, 91, 167. General Character, 114. Concern for losing the Duchy of _Parma_, 114.

---- _James_, the Assassin, 269.

_Clermont_, Count _de_, 212, 216. Mademoiselle _de_, 217, 218.

CLEVES, _t._ 363.

_Cloud_, _St._ Duke of, 192. Palace of, 268.

_Clovis_, King of _France_, 269.

COBLENTZ, _t._ 349.

_Coffee-Houses_, much frequented by the _English_, 463.

_Cologne_, Elector of, 213. City, 332, 336.

_Colonna_, Cardinal, 15, 42.

---- Signior, a Prelate, 122.

---- Constable, and Family, 42, 82.

_Comedies_, _French_ and _Dutch_, 385.

_Comptroller_ General's Office in _France_, compar'd to the Post of the _Grand Vizier_, 239.

_Conclave_, for the Choice of a Pope, 13, 70.

_Concord_, Temple of, at _Rome_, 35.

_Conde_, Family, 182, 208. _Hon. Julius_ of _Bourbon_, Prin. 218, _Louisa Benedictina_, Princ. 220.

_Consistories_ of _Rome_, 81.

_Constantine_, Arch. at _Rome_, 34.

_Conti_, Cardinal, 91.

---- Family of, 218.

---- Princess Dowager of, 188, 217-220.

---- _Lewis_ of _Bourbon_, Prince, his Marriage, 208, 217.

---- Mademoiselle, 209.

_Cornetto, Adrian_, Cardinal, a Design to poison him, 97.

_Cornicchini, Augustin_, the Statuary, 9.

_Coronation_ Chair, of the _English_ Sovereigns, 441.

_Corpus Christi_, Ceremonies on that Day at _Rome_, 124. and at _St. Sulpice_, 202.

_Correggio_, Painter, 359.

_Corsica_, Island, more Cost than Worship to the _Genoese_, 150.

_Corsicans_, call'd the Devils of _Italy_, 143. Their War with the _Genoese_, 149, _&c._

_Corsini_, Cardinal, 6. His Election to be Pope, 13. His Nephew, _Neri Corsini_, a Cardinal, 19, 78, 119. _Bartholomew_, another, 52, 92. _Philip_, his great Nephew, 44. Character of his Nephews, 119. Mesdames, the Popes Nieces, 69, 103, 104. His Antipathy to Cardinal _Bichi_, 117.

_Cortona, Peter_, Painter, 40, 359.

_Coscia_, Cardinal, his Abuse of the Pope's Credulity, 27, 28. His Bargain with _Ruspoli_'s Father, to get his Son a Cardinal's Hat, 77. Another of his Bargains of that sort, 83. His Treatment by the Popes, 89, 90, 91. His Imprisonment, 91.

_Cosmo_, I. II. III. Great Dukes of _Tuscany_, 135. Statue of the First, 140.

_Costa_, Auditor General of _Corsica_, 150.

_Coster, Laurence_, of _Harlem_, 395.

_Courland_, Dukes Kettlers, 135, 136.

COURTRAY, _t._ 313.

_Craggs_, Secretary, his Monument, 440.

_Crescens_, St., Disciple of St. _Paul_, 353.

_Crumpiper, Henry_, 302.

_Culmbache, Brandenburgh_, Princess of, 307, 404.

_Cumberland_, (Prince _William_) D. of, 447.

_Cumiane_, Mademoiselle _de_, 156.

_Curtius_'s Statue, 48.

_Cyr, St._ Abbey of, 261.

D

_Daguesseau_, M. Chancellor, 235, 236.

_Dalberg_, Baron _de_, 354.

_Damasus_ II. Pope, 22.

_Dammartin_, Count _de_, 213.

_Dangeau_, M. _de_, 216.

_Daphne_'s Metamorphosis, 48.

_Davia_, Cardinal, 14.

_David_ with his Sling, a Statue, 48.

_Daun_, Marshal, 152, 304.

_Dauphin_, of _France_, whence that Title, 173.

_Dauphiné_, 172, 173.

DELFT, _t._ 400, 425.

_Denain_, Battle, 251, 404.

_Denys_, Saint, 192.

_Devenish_, M. _de_, 314.

_Devils_ of _Italy_, who, 143.

_Devos_'s Tapistry, 308.

_Dickson_, Colonel, 314.

DIJON, _t._ 181.

_Dirce_, her Fable, 38.

_Dobelstein_, Baron _de_, 331.

_Dohna_, _Alexander de_, Count, 349.

---- _Ferassier de_, Count, 404.

_Dombes_, Prince of, 221, 224.

---- Principality, 179, 180, 220.

_Doria_, Cardinal, 55, 91, 116.

---- General, 147.

_Ducks_, in abundance, 418.

DUISBOURG, _t._ 362.

_Dulis_, a _Jew_, 411.

_Dunbar_, Lord, his Station at the Pretender's Court, 58. His Marriage of Princess _Sobleski_ by Proxy, 62.

_Duncan_, M. _de_, 407.

_Dunchstein_, Mineral Water, 349.

DUSSELDORF, _t_ 358.

_Dutch_, vindicated from Treachery, 368, 428. Their common Food, 372. Their Coffee-houses, and Comedies, 385. Assemblies, 386. Dress, 390. Lasses, 393.

_Dyck, Van_, Painter, 359.

E

ECHELLES, _t._ 171.

_Edward_ I. King of _England_, the Trophy he brought from _Scotland_, of his Conquest, 441.

_Egmont_, Count, the Prince of _Orange_'s Farewell of him, 453.

---- Palace in _Brussels_, 299.

_Elbeue, de_, Commandeur, the _Tuscan_ Minister, 131, 134.

_Eleanor_, of _Toledo_, Gr. Duchess of _Tuscany_, 135.

---- of _Provence_, Wife to K. _Hen._ III. 435.

_Eminency_, how that Title came to the Cardinals, 86.

_Emperors, German_, their Manner of giving Audience, 215.

ENCKHUISEN, _t._ 392.

_England_'s Kings, their Power and Court, 442, 443, 444. Its Soil and Climate, 470, 471.

_Englishmen_, said to be better Abroad than at Home, 326. Their Manners, 453, _&c._ 463. The Dress of the Courtier and the Citizen, 436, 437, 460. Genius of the Nation, 442, 462. Vindicated from Disaffection to their Kings, 442. Applauded for defending their Rights, 443. Their friendly, tho' melancholy Tempers, and their Aversion to Constraint, 454, 455. Their Diversions, 467, 469, 470. Their Manners compared with the French 455. Vindicated from Cruelty, 457, 458. Their too great Freedom with Life, 459. Their Womens Beauty, 460, 461. Their Behaviour in Public, 461. Why the _English_ are supposed to be descended from _Mutius Scavola_, 470. An Influence of their Good-nature and Happiness, _ibid._ Blam'd for preferring other Countries to their own, 471. Their different Living in the Country from the City, 470.

_Epernon_, Duke _de_, 226.

_Epitaph_ upon Epitaphs, 414.

_Erasmus_'s Statue, 426.

_Essex_, Earl of, his Head expos'd, 432.

_Estrades_, Count _de_, Ambassador, 401.

_Estrées_, Marshal _de_, _Victor Maria_, his Conduct, Character, Dignities, Family, Estate, and his fine Diamonds, 260.

---- _Gabriella de_, Mistress to _Henry_ IV. of _France_, 260.

_Eu_, Count _de_, 221, 225.

_Eugene_, of _Savoy_, Prince, 143, 259.

_St. Evremont_, M. his Monument, 440.

_Eysenach, Saxe_, Princess of, 446.

F

_Fagel, Gressier_, 406.

_Farnese, Francis_, Duke of _Parma_, 114.

_Farnese_, Palace, at _Rome_, 37.

_Faustina, Signora_, 66.

_Faustus, John_ of _Mentz_, 395.

_Fest_, Ceremony of washing them on _Holy Thursday_, 98.

_Feldtbruck_, Mademoiselle _de_, the severe Test she requir'd of her Lover's Affection, 320.

_Fenelon_, Archbishop of _Cambray_, 291, 403.

---- Brigadier and Ambassador, 403.

_Ferdinand de Medicis_, Duke of _Tuscany_, 135.

_Ferrayo_, Cardinal, 116, 117, 118.

_Ferrero_, Cardinal, 167.

_Filippucci_, Cardinal, his Resignation of the Hat, 87.

_Fine Gentleman_, his Character, 462.

_Fiochi_, of the Cardinals, what it means, 83.

_Fireworks of Germany_, expensive, 187.

_Flax_, why burnt at the Pope's Coronation, 20.

_Flemings_, unsociable, 312.

_Flemish Woman_, good Topers, _ibid._

_Fleury_, Cardinal _de_, made Prime Minister, 211. His Character, 228 to 235, 283.

FLORENCE, _t._ 130, _&c._

_Florentin_, Count _de St._ 237, 238.

_Flowers_, beautiful, where, 395.

FONTAINEBLEAU, Palace and Town, 184, 188.

_Fontana_, the Architect, 8, 9.

_Force_, Duke _de la_, 243.

_France_, whether 'twas her Interest to enter into the last War, 232 to 235.

_Francis_, I. King of _France_, 184.

_Francis de Medicis_, Great Duke of _Tuscany_, 135.

_Frangipani_, Marquis, 52.

_Frederic_, King of _Bohemia_, 366.

---- Elector of _Brandenburg_, 338, 362, 446.

---- _Augustus_, King of _Poland_, 360, 361.

_Frederic_, King of _Prussia_, 361, 362, 367, 399.

_Frejus_, Bishop of, 228, 229, 230.

_French_, how they accounted for the Loss of so many Battles in the last War, 153. Not so modest as the Allies, 295. Their Levity, 196, 197, 279. Their good Qualities, 197, 275, 276. Their Fashions, by whom to be followed, and by whom avoided, 460, 461.

_Frêne_, M. _du_, a famous French Comedian, 266.

FRIBOURG, _t._ 254.

_Fridlingen_ Battle, 252.

_Frouley_, Count _de_, Ambassador, 202.

_Fugger_, Countess _de_, 348.

_Furius Camillus_, the Dictator, his Vow, 35.

_Furstenberg_, Princess, 307.

G

_Galen, Bernard de_, Bishop, the Terror of the _Dutch_, 343.

_Galloway_, Lord, 440.

_Gamarre_, the _Spanish_ Ambassador's Dispute with M. _de Thon_, a _French_ Ambassador, about Precedency, 400.

_Gamesters_, order'd to the Gallies, 30.

_Gaming_, prohibited by the Pope, 70.

---- One of the Plagues of the _French_ Nation, 198. What their Ladies call a Man who does not play, and what the Men say of Gaming in general, 199, 200. How Gamesters are caress'd at many Womens Houses, and the great Emoluments of Gaming, 201. Who have a Grant for licensing it, _ibid._

_Gardening_, in _Italy_, declin'd, 33, 47.

_Gasse_, Count _de_, 212.

_Gaston, John_. See _Tuscany_'s Great Duke.

_Gaydon_, Major, in the Pretender's Service, 61, 62.

_Gendre, Peter le_, 175.

GENOA, _t._ 144. Its Neighbourhood, 151. Its Bombardment by the _French_, 144. Character of the _Genoese_, 148. Their War with the _Corsicans_, 149.

_Gentili_, Cardinal, 116.

_Gentlemen_, whether that Title be more due to Stage-Players, than to Rope-Dancers or Tumblers, 268.

_George_ I. King 436. His Statue, 438. Compar'd to _Augustus_, 442.

_George_ II. King, 434, 445. His Queen, 445, 446, 447. Their Manner of Dining in Public, 449. Drawing-Room, 456.

_Gerard, Balthasar_, the Assassin, 425.

_Gergy_, Parson of _St. Sulpice_, 202.

---- His Brother, Bishop of _Soissons_, ibid.

---- Another, Ambassador at _Venice_, ibid.

_Germain_, (_St._) Abbat and Friers, ibid.

_German_ Princes, wiser than the _Italian_, 128.

_Germany_, the Strength of the Protestants and Papists there, 343.

_Gevres_, Duke, 201.

GHENT, _t._ 310, 317.

_Giafferi_, Leader of the _Corsican_ Rebels, 150.

_Girard_, Father, his Affair with a Lady at Confession, 193, _&c._

_Giudici_, Cardinal, 37, 90.

_Gladiators_, Statue, 49.

_Golofskin_, Count _de_, 404.

_Golstein_, Countess _de_, 331.

_Gondrin_, Marquis _de_, 226.

_Gondulphus_, Bishop, his Ghost, 329.

_Gondy_, Francis _de_, Archbishop of _Paris_, 192.

_Gonzague_, Cardinals, their Resignation of the Hat, 87.

_Goudenau_, Marshal _de_, 346.

_Grafton_, Duke, 449.

_Grammont_, Duke _de_, 199.

_Grana_, Marquis _de_, 297.

_Grantham_, Earl of, 449.

_s'Gravesande_, Professor, 397.

Great Duke of _Tuscany_, by whom the Title was invented, 135.

_Greenwich_ Hospital, 432.

_St. Gregory the Great_, Pope, 31.

_Gregory_ XIII. Pope, 32.

_Gregory_ XV. Pope, 192.

GRENOBLE, _t._ 173.

_Greys_, M. 405.

_Grilli_ (Locusts) apply'd to a Family of that Name, 41.

_Grimani_, Cardinal Legate, 129, 130.

_Grosvenor_'s Square, 438.

_Guadagno_, Cardinal, 115.

_Guiccardi_, Count, 149.

_Guido_, Painter, 359.

H

_Hackney_, the Ceremony of presenting it to the See of _Rome_ for _Naples_, 42 to 46.

HAGUE, Village, 398, _&c._

HALLE, _t._ 298.

_Handel_, the Composer, 466.

_Handkerchief_ of our Saviour, a Relique to be seen in three Places, 154.

_Hanover Family_, the Temper with which they received the News of their Accession to the _British_ Throne, 446.

_Hapsbourg_, Count, 328.

_Harlai_, President, his Repartee to the _French_ Comedians, 267.

HARLEM, _t._ 394.

_Harrach, Frederic_, Count _de_, 303.

_Harrington_, Lord, 453.

HARWICH, _t._ 430.

_Hass_, M. the _Saxon_, 66.

_Hats_, Cardinals, why red, 86.

_Hatto_, Bishop, pursued and gnawed by Rats, 352.

_Hawitz_, Grand Marshal, 149.

_Haxhausen_, General, 332.

_Hayes_, Mr. and Mrs. styl'd Lord and Lady _Inverness_, 58, 59.

_Hazard_, Play, prohibited by the Pope, 70.

_Heidelberg_ Library, 25.

HELVOETSLUYS, _t._ 417 to 429.

_Henneberg_, Countess of. See _Holland_.

_Henry_ III. King of _France_, his Assassination, 269. Ill Omens observ'd at his Consecration, _ibid._

---- King of _England_, his Wife, 435.

---- VIIth's Chapel, 440.

_Henry_ of _Portugal_, Cardinal, his Resignation of the Hat, 87.

_St. Henry_ of _Bavaria_, Emperor, 331.

_Herenhausen_ Water-Works, 269.

_Hermaphrodite_ Statue, 49.

_Herod_, whither banish'd, 173.

_Hesse Rhinfels_, Princess of, (late) Queen of _Sardinia_, 165, 212.

---- _Eleonora_, Duchess of _Bourbon_, her Marriage, 212.

_Hesse Cassel_, Prince _Williams_, 320. Landgrave, 351.

---- _Charles_, Landgrave, 361.

_Highwayman_'s remarkable Escape, 457.

_Hildebold_, Archbishop of _Cologn_, 327.

_Hochstet_, Battle, to what the _French_ ascribe the Loss of it, 153.

_Hogendorp_, M. 413.

_Hohen-Zollern_, Count de, 344.

_Holland, Florence_ IV. Count of, 425.

_Holland_, Countess of, his Daughter, deliver'd of three hundred sixty-five Children at a Birth, 425.

_Holy Ghost_, Picture of a Cardinal taking Aim at him with a Fusee, 17.

_Holy Week_, how observed at _Rome_, 96.

_Hompesch_, General, 399.

_Honslaerdyck_, Palace, 425.

_Hoornbeck_, Pensionary, 406.

HORNE, _t._ 392.

_Horses_, Dogs, and Falcons, where they abound most, 468.

_House_, in the Wood, 425.

_Howard_, Family of, 438.

I

_Jacob_'s Pillow, 440.

_Jagellon_, K. of _Poland_, 336.

_St. James_'s Palace and Park, 435, 436. Square, 438. Church, 439.

_James_ II. King, censur'd for neglecting a very precious Relique, 440.

_Jew, Dutch_, his Zeal for the Opera, in Opposition to an Anabaptist, who was as hot for Comedy, 410, 411.

_Jews_, at _Amsterdam_, 388, 411.

_Imperiali_, Cardinal, 13, 14, 93. _NB._ He dy'd in _January_ 1736-7.

_India_, Company, _Dutch_, 388.

_Infanta_ of _Spain_, sent back from _France_, 210, 211.

_Ingelheim_, Baron _de_, 354.

_Innocent_ IV. Pope, his Order about Cardinals Hats, 86.

_Innocent_ X. Pope, 90, 93.

_Inquisition_, at _Rome_, not so bad as represented, 125. Congregation of the Holy Office, 126.

_Invalids_, Hospital, at _Paris_, 198.

_Inverness_, Lord and Lady, 58, 59.

_Joan_, of _Austria_, Duchess of _Tuscany_, 135.

_Joannino_, the Duke of _Tuscany_'s _Favourite_, 132, 133.

_Johannesburg_ Wine, 352.

JOHN ST. DE MAURIENNE, _t._ 170.

_John-William_, Elector Palatine, 358, 359.

_John_ II. King of _France_, why compar'd to _Regulus_, 435.

_John_ III. King of _Portugal_, 87.

_Joseph Clement_, Elector of _Cologne_, 345.

_Isis_, Goddess, and her Temple, 190.

_Italians_, their revengeful Temper, 14. Jealousy and Niggardliness, 73, 74. Their Disposition towards the _French_ and _Germans_, 16. Their Behaviour at Executions, 110, 111, 112. Their Hatred to one another, 127. The Formality of settling the Interviews of their petty Princes, 128. Why they are the Jest of Foreigners, _ibid._ Who the most polite, 139.

_Italians_, of the _Netherlands_, who, 324.

_Italy_, Devils of, who so called, 143.

_Judgement_, Day of, a remarkable Painting, 24.

JULIERS, _t._ 332, 361.

K

KEISERSWAERT, _t._ 347, 361.

_Keppel_, M. _de_, 407, 408.

_Kettlers_ Family, Dukes of _Courland_, 135. Their Parallel with the _Medicis_ of _Tuscany_, 136.

_Keys_ of _St. Peter_, what they denote, 23.

_Kings_ of _Cologne_, 333.

_Kroon, Theodore_, Van der, 369.

L

_Lacqueys_, at _Paris_, the Favourites of their Ladies and young Masters, 275. A Conversation between those of two Cardinals, about their Pre-eminence, 294.

_Lalaing_, Count _de_, 312.

_Lalock, Nassau_, Count _de_, 314, 315, 412, 413.

LANDAU, _t._ 254.

LANEBOURG, _t._ 170.

_Lansquenet_, The _French_ King's Party at that Game, 199.

_Lateran_ Church, the Ceremony of the Pope's taking Possession of it, 49.

_Lauzun_, M. _de_, 179.

_Law, John_, the Projector, 210, 239. King of _Sardinia_'s Advice to him, 239. His Death, and his Widow and Son, 240. A Copy of Verses on him, 241. His Coat of Arms, 243. The Homage paid to him in his Prosperity, 244. Description of his Person, and Remarks on his System, 245, _&c._ to 250, 380.

LEGHORN, _t._ the grand Appearance there on the Arrival of the _Spanish_ Fleet, in which they expected Don _Carlos_, 139. Description of the City, _&c._ 140, _&c._

_Leie_, Count _de la_, 350.

_Lenoirs_ Tapistry Manufacture, 308.

_Leo_ III. Pope, his Present to _Charlemain_, 99.

_Leopold_, Archduke, 342.

_Lepanto_, Victory, 43.

LERICI, _t._ 143.

_Lewis d'Ors_, worn in a Lady's Ears for Pendants, 218.

_Lewis_, the Pious, 327.

---- Duke of _Burgundy_, 363.

_Lewis_ XIV. his Statue, _&c._ at _Lyons_, 178. At _Dijon_, 181. His Debt, 246. His Offer to _Charles_ II. of Stones for Gravel, 437.

---- XVth's Marriage, 185-211. His Character, 203, 204. His Queen and Children, 204, 205.

_Lewis_, Pr. of _Baden_, how surpriz'd by M. _Villars_, 256.

LEYDEN, _t._ 396.

---- University, 397.

_St. Liberius_ I. Pope, 13.

_Lichtenstein_, Princess _de_, 303.

LIEGE, _t._ 321 to 324.

LIMBURG, _t._ 326.

LINTZ, _t._ 348.

_Lippe_, Count _de la_, 344.

_Liria_, Duke of, 257, 259.

LISLE, _t._ 296, 315, 316.

_Livery_, Servants at _Rome_, their poor Wages, 105. The Practice of Jubileeing them, what, 106. Some kept only for Sundays and Holidays, _ibid._

_Lobkowitz_, Princess, 307.

_Locusts_, in _Italy_, curs'd by the Pope and banish'd to the Sea, 41.

LONDON, _t._ 430. to the End. King _Charles_ IId's Menace against this City ridicul'd by one of the Aldermen, 431. Its Increase since the Accession of the Present Royal Family to the Crown, 439.

---- Prov'd to be more populous than _Paris_, 190, 191. It's Bridge, 432. Cathedral, _ibid._ Monument, Burse, and Tower, 434. Streets not well pav'd, 437, 438. Its Diversions, 462, _&c._ Assemblies, 465. Dances and Plays, 464 to 467.

M

MACON, _t._ 180.

MAESTRICHT, _t._ 319, 329

_Mailly_, Cardinal, 229.

_Maine_, Duke of, 179, 180, 181, 220, _&c._ Duchess, her Imprisonment, 180, 222, 223. His Degradation, 209, 222.

---- Mademoiselle _de_, 225.

_Maintenon_, Madame _de_, 261. _Lewis_ XIVth's Reprimand of her for leaving him in his last Sickness, 262. Her Retirement, Death, Tomb and Epitaph, 162, 263, _&c._ Her Family and Pension to the last, 264.

---- Who is the present Marquis, _ibid._

_Malines_, Lady of, 314.

_Malplaquet_, Battle, 253.

_Malta_, Grand Master's Title, 86. His Ambassador's Reception by the Pope, 121.

_Malusius_, 340.

_Maratti, Charles_, a Designer, 32.

_Marble_, rich Quarries of it, 143.

_Mark William, de Lumay_, Count _de la_, 427.

_Marcus Aurelius Antonius_, his Equestrian Statue, for which the _Venetians_ offer'd as many Sequins as could be put into the Horse's Belly, 33.

_Marez_, a noted old Actress of _Lyons_, 177, 178.

_Margaretta Louisa_ of _Orleans_, Duchess of _Tuscany_, 135.

_Mari_, (_Spanish_) Admiral, 137, 148.

MARIENBOURG, _t._ 336.

MARIENSTEAL, _t._ _ibid._

_Marlborough_'s Duke, and Palace, 437.

MARPURG, t. 336.

_Marquis de L----_, his Fortune made by an old Lady, 285.

_Marr_, Lady, her meeting Princess _Sobleski_, 63.

_Mary Magdalen_ of _Austria_, Duchess of _Tuscany_, 135.

_St. Mary Majors_ Church at _Rome_, 12.

_Mary de la Rovero_, Duchess of _Urbino_, 135.

_Mary de Medicis_, Regent of _France_, 145.

_Masch_, M. _de_, 404

MASSA DI CARRARA, _t._ 142.

_Maternus_, Bishop, 323.

_Mathurias_, Order of, 184.

_Matilda_, Countess, 11.

_Maurepas_, Count _de_, 237.

_Maurice_, Prince, 314, 399.

_Maurice_, M. _de St._ Prime Minister, 213.

_Maurice_, Cardinal of _Savoy_, his Resignation of the Hat, 87.

_Maximilian_ II. Emperor, his Answer to _Cosmo_ of _Tuscany_, when he wanted the Title of King, 135.

_Mazarine_, Cardinal, 335.

_Mazarine_, Duchess _de_, 238, 409, 410.

MECHLIN, _t._ 317, 318.

_Medicis_, Family of, 135. Their Parallel with the Family _Kettlers_, of _Courland_, 136.

_Medicis_, _Ferdinand de_, Cardinal, his Resignation of the Hat, 87.

---- _Bernard de_, 136.

---- _Juvence de_, ibid.

---- _Octaviano de_, ibid.

---- _Mary de_, Queen, 334.

---- _Mary-Anne_, Electress _Palatine_, 359, 361.

MELUN, _t._ 240.

MENIN, _t._ 314.

_Mentz, Francis Lewis_, Elector of, 336, 342, 353.

---- _Philip Charles_, Elector, 353.

MENTZ, _t._ ibid.

---- _Francis, Lotharius_, Elector, _ibid._

_Merchants_, Difference betwixt the _English_ and Foreigners, 471.

_Mercy_, Count _de_, 255.

_Metternich_, Count _de_, 350.

_Michael Angelo_, 33, 37.

_Mignard_, the Painter, 269.

_Milan_, conquer'd, 256.

_Milciades_, an _Italian_ Game at Cards, 70.

_Mirandola, Picus de_, Cardinal, 53.

_Misset_, M. 61, 62.

_Missisippi_ Scheme, and its Projector, Verses thereupon, 241, _&c._ Its Fate compar'd to that of the _South-Sea_ Scheme, 244. A curious Account of it, 246 to 250.

_Misson_, Mr. his Account of the Pope's Coronation reflected on, 22. His being always furnish'd with Mathematical Instruments, 141.

_Mistresses_, Generosity of the _English_ to theirs, 469.

---- Kept in Partnership, _ib._

_Modena_, Princes of, 148.

_Molland_, Palace, 363.

_Mondragone_ Seat, near _Rome_, 48.

_Money_, the Scarcity of it in _France_, 217. Worship paid to it at _Amsterdam_, 381, 382.

MONS, _t._ 297.

_Montague_ House, 439.

_Montcallier_ Castle, 152.

_Monte Cavallo_ Palace, 32.

_Montespan_, Marchioness, 188, 205, 216, 226, 264.

_Montesquiou_, Marshal, 260.

_Monti_, Marquis, the Pretender's Landlord. 58.

_Montijo_, Count _de_, 439.

_Montpensier_, Mademoiselle _de_, her Fame in the Civil Wars of _France_, 179. Her Restraint from marrying, _ibid._

_Montrevel_, Marshal _de_, 253.

_Monulphus_, Bishop of _Tongres_, his Ghost, 329.

_Morville_, M. _de_, 237.

_Mouchi_, Madame _de_, 316.

_Mouths_ of the Cardinals, the Ceremony of Opening and Shutting them by the Pope, 80.

_Muley Ismael_ of _Morocco_, his pretended Demand of the Princess of _Conti_ in Marriage, 219.

MULHEIM, _t._ 335.

_Murder_, how punish'd at _Rome_, 74.

_Mutius Scavola_, a Conceit that the _English_ are descended from him, 470.

N

NAMUR, _t._ 317, 319.

_Naples_, the Tribute paid for it to the See of _Rome_, 43 to 46.

_Nassau_, Princes of, 309.

---- _Zeist_, Count _de_, 367.

---- _Orange_, Prince of, 412.

_Navona_, Square, 5. The Ceremony of watering it, 66.

_Neautre_, M. _le_, 436.

_Nectarius_, Patriarch, 195.

_Nephews_ of the Popes, their general Character, 40.

_Nesle_, Marquis _de_, 309.

_Netherlands, Austrian_, Pride and Poverty of the Nobility and Gentry, 305, 306.

_Newbourgh, Lewis-Antony de_, 336.

---- _Francis_, Elector of _Mentz_, 336, 342.

_Neuhoff Theodore_, Baron _de_, proclaim'd K. of _Corsica_, 150.

_Neville Camillus, Nicolas_ and _Charles_, _de la_, 175.

NEUWIDT, _t._ and Count _de_, 349.

_Newcastle_, Duke of, 453.

_Newmarket_ Races, 468.

NEWPORT, _t._ 313.

NIMEGUEN, _t._ 365, 370.

_Noailles, Lewis-Antony_, Cardinal, 192, 294.

---- Duke _de_, 207, 264.

_Noailles, Maria Victoria de_, 226.

---- Duchess _d'Estrées_, 260.

_Nocera_, a Canon, 92.

_Nordkirchen_, Seat, 346.

_Norfolk_, Duke of, 438.

_Nostradamus_, a Prophecy of his apply'd to _Don Carlos_, 139.

_Nothast_, Baron _de_, 346, 347.

NOVALAISE, _la_, _t._ 169.

_Nouvelles Ecclesiastiques_, prohibited by the Archbishops of _Paris_, 277. Differences about it, betwixt the Court and Parliament, 277, 278.

_Nuncios_, of the Pope, 77.

O

_Obdam_, Count _de_, 412.

_Odyck_, M. _de_, 367.

_Oels_, Baron _de_, 350.

_Olivieri_, Cardinal, 44, 54.

_Openord, Giles Maria_, Architect, 201.

_Operas_, in _France_, the Distinction paid to the Actors, 267.

_Orange_, Palace in _Brussels_, 299, 300. at the Hague, 425.

---- Princes of, 309, 401, 401, 412, 413, 425.

_Orbano_, R. 171.

_Orleans_, Dukes of, 173, 174, 179, 206, 207, 209, 212, 221, 229, 230, 236, 268, 269, 283, 292, 293, 295.

---- Duchess, 185. Dowager, 205, 206. _Henrietta_, Duchess of, her Death, 269. His Sisters, 207, 208. _Philippa_, her Death, 208. _Louisa Diana_, her Marriage and Issue, 208, 217.

ORLEANS, _t._ taken, 179.

P

_Pagan_ Impertinences, reviv'd in the Christian Religion, 203.

_Pain_, despis'd by our Nation, 470.

_Palatine_, Electress Dowager, 130. _John-William_, Elector, 358, 359, 360.

_Pallas_, a _French_ Officer, who married both Mother and Daughter, acquitted by the Inquisition, 116.

_Palmquist_, Ambassador, 405.

_Pamphili_, Princes, 6, 41, 42. Palace, 41.

---- _Camillus_, Cardinal, his Resignation of the Hat, 87.

_Pantheon_, at _Rome_, 7.

_Paris_, Abbé, his pretended Miracles, 195, _&c._ 284.

_Paris_, Brothers, 210, 227, 245.

PARIS, _t._ 189, _&c._ Whether most populous, this City, or _London_, 190, 191. Number of its People, Streets, Houses, 192. Expence of its Lanthorns, and its Revenues, _ibid._ Archbishop's Title, _ibid._ By whom founded, and most beautify'd, 190, 192. Its Prerogatives, 192. Governor, 201. Lacqueys, 274, 275. Parliaments, 283. What _Charles_ V. meant when he said, He could put this City into his Glove, 310. Parliament House, 441, 442.

_Parma_, Dukes of, the Office they are to perform for the Pope, 52. The Pope's Concern for the Loss of the Duchy, 114, 120.

_Patricians_, of _Germany_, 333, 334.

_Paul_ III. Pope, 38, 40. His Order about the Cardinals Caps, 86. His Establishment of the Inquisition, 126.

---- IV. Pope, the Solicitor of it, _ibid._

---- V. Pope, 32, 47, 48.

_Peasants, English_, their Happiness, 471.

_Pericon_, M. Magistrate at _Lyons_, 176.

_Perauss_, Count _de la_, 161, 162, 163.

_Peter, St. d'Arena_ Suburbs of _Genoa_, 148.

_Peter, St._ why describ'd as holding three Keys, 23. His Church and Chair, at _Rome_, 7 to 12. Who buried in it, 11. His Miracles, what, 39.

PETITBOURG, _t._ 188.

_Petits Colets_, the Petits Maitres of _Rome_, 70, 73.

_Petronilla_, St. 11.

_Peyrome_, _la_, Surgeon, 292.

_Phaethon_'s, Story finely painted, 439.

_Pharao_, plaid in the Conclave of Cardinals, 70.

_Philibert_, Prince of _Piedmont_, his submissive Speech to _Phillip_ IV. King of _Spain_, 145.

_Philips_, Mr. Preceptor to the Duke, 448.

_Philipsburg_, Siege of, 259.

_Picus, de Mirandola_, Cardinal, 53.

_Piedmontese_, their Court and Character, 165, 166, 168.

PIETRA SANTA, _t._ 142.

_Pignatelli_, Cardinal, 86.

_Pilate_, whither banish'd, 173.

_Pilgrims_, Hospital at _Rome_, 76.

_Pin, Joseph_, Painter, 359.

PISA, _t._ 141. Pride of the People, _ibid._

_Pius_ V. Pope, 80, 126.

_Pizzighitone_, taken, 255.

_Platen_, Count _de_, Post-master of _Hanover_, 238. His Daughter's Marriage and Pension from King _George_ I. and II. 238.

_Plettenburg_, Count _de_, 341, 344, 345, 346.

_Polignac_, Cardinal, 85.

PONT DE BONVOISIN, _t._ 172.

_Pontchartrain_, M. _de_, Chancellor, 235, 237.

_Ponthievre_, Duke _de_, 226.

_Popelsdorf_, Village, 340.

_Popes_, the Days on which the Cardinals kiss their Feet, 17. Character of their Nephews, 40. Reception of Ambassadors, 121.

_Pope_, who was the first that was crown'd, 22. Compar'd to the Holy Sepulchre, 29.

_Portail_, M. _de_, President, 249.

_Portland_, Earl of, 408.

_Portugal_, _Henry_, Cardinal of, his Resignation of the Hat, 87. Its broils with the Court of _Rome_, 116 to 119.

_Poultier_, M. Intendant at _Lyons_, 176.

_P----y, William_, 451.

_Poyntz, Stephen_, Esq, 448.

_Pragmatic Sanction_, 403.

_Prebends_, bought and sold, 369.

_Precedence_, Disputes about it betwixt Ambassadors, 400 to 403.

_Pretender_, his Pension and Honours from the Pope, 57, 58. His Landlord, Courtiers, and Domestics, Style, and Stature, and his Sons, 58, 59. His Treatment from the Imperial and _French_ Cardinals, 58. His Aspect and Character, 59. His Mistress, _ibid._ His Protestant Chapel, and Table, _ibid._ His Wife, 60, 61. Prophecy of his coming to the _British_ Throne, 63.

_Preys_, M. 405.

_Prie_, Marchioness, 166, 227, 304.

_Priests_, _Italian_, a heavy Charge against them, 112.

---- _Flemish_, always railing at one another, 314.

_Printing_, where invented, 395.

_Procession_ Chair, of the Popes, 17.

_Prussia_, _Ducal_ or _Brandenburg_, 336. _Fredric_, K. of, 338.

_Pucelage_, its Meaning, 284.

_Pucelle_, a Counsellor, banish'd from the Parliament at _Paris_, 282, 283. Verses on his Exile, 284.

_Pussenburg_, Baron _de_, 296.

_Puppet-player_, burnt for a Conjurer, 385.

_Purpora_, the Singer, 66.

_Pyrrhus_'s Saying, after he had defeated the _Romans_, 253.

Q

_Q----y_, Duke of, his Behaviour on the Duchess's being forbid the Court, 444.

QUIERI, _t._ 151.

_Quinaut_, the famous Comedian, 266.

R

_Rabutyn_, _Bussy_'s, Letters, 181, 443.

_Raby_, Lord, his Amour, 410.

_Race_, run round St. _James_'s Park, by a naked Man, 470.

_Ramillies_, Battle, to what the _French_ ascribe the Loss of it, 153.

_Raphael_, Painter, 24, 359.

_Rastadt_, Treaty, 254.

_Ratisbon_, _Theodore_, Bishop of, 349.

_Rats_, Tower in the _Rhine_, 352.

_Ratto_, Signior, 4. Bishop of _Cordoua_, 85.

_Regulas, John_ II. K. of _France_ compar'd to him, 435.

_Reimbrants_, Painter, 359.

_Reliques_, at _Aix_, the Time and Manner of exposing them, 329, 330.

_Remi_, (S.) a noted Better at the _French_ Court, 199, 200.

_Restitution_, by the Popes, what, 88.

_Retirement_, Verses in Praise of it, 223.

_Retz_, Duke of, 174.

_Rhebinder_, Marshal, 158, 159, 166.

RHEIMS, _t._ 269.

RHEN, _t._ 366.

_Rhenish_ Wine, where the best, 352.

RHINBECK, _t._ 347.

_Rhine_, R. 349.

_Rhinfields_ Castle, 351.

_Richardi_, Marquis, and his Son Don _Vincenzo_, 134.

_Richelieu_, Cardinal's Ingratitude to Q. _Mary de Medicis_, 334, 335.

_Richmond_, Duchess, 409.

_Ridelsheim_, Wine, 352.

_Rinuccini_, Marquis, 132, 134, 137.

_Ripperda_, Duke _de_, 296.

_Rivoli_ Castle, 158.

_Robbery_, on the Highway, remarkable, 457.

_Robert_, (the Pious) K. of _France_, 98.

_Rochebonne_, M. Archbishop of _Lyons_, 174, 176.

_Roche, Sur-yon_, Mademoiselle _de la_, 218.

_Rodolph_ I. Emperor, a miraculous Appearance at his Coronation, 327, 328.

_Roer_, River, 332.

_Rohan_, Cardinal, 186.

---- Prince, 205.

_Roll_, Baron _de_, 346.

_Rolling_, Baron _de_, 354.

_Romain, Julius_ Painter, 359.

_Roman_ Princes, their high Pretensions, 102, 104.

---- Princesses and Popes Nieces more humble than formerly, 103. How they are lighted to the Plays, 105. Their unwieldy Coaches, and scrub Liveries, 106. Why they never wear Mourning, 108.

ROME, _t._ Manners of the People, 67, 72, 73, 406. Its Squares, 2, _&c._ Churches, 6, _&c._ Palaces, 24, _&c._ 36, _&c._ Theatres, 65. Their Diversions and Repasts, 68, 69. Our Author's Dislike of this City, 68, 72. Why young Gentlemen ought to visit it, 72. Its Hospitals, 76. Consistories, 81. The Time when all Ceremonies are laid aside, 105. Their Funerals, 107, 108. Mourning, 108. Their Fireworks, 109. Its Governor, 109, 110. Senator, 110. Executions, 111, 113. Their Hatred of other _Italians_, 127.

_Rota_, Tribunal of, 109.

_Rotonda_ Church, 7.

ROTTERDAM, _t._ 426.

_Rubempré_, Prince and Princess _de_, 300, 309.

_Rubens_, Painter, 317, 358, 359.

_Ruhi_, Marquis _de_, 318.

_Ruspanti_, Pensioners, why so call'd, 133.

_Ruspoli_, Signior, his Promotion to be a Cardinal, 77 to 80.

---- Prince's, Funeral, 108.

_Rysnic_, 370, 425.

S

_Sacrament_, Holy, the Grandeur and Solemnity of the Pope's Procession with it, 124, and of the Parish of _St. Sulpice_ in _France_, 202.

_Saltzu, Herman de_, 336.

_Salviati_, Painter, 39.

_Santa Croce_, Prince of, 42.

SANTEN, _t._ 362.

_Santini_, Marquis, 341.

_Santa-Buona_, Duke, 60.

_Sardam_, Village, 389.

_Sardini_, Prelate, his Imprisonment, 92.

_Sardinia_, K. the Pope's Grant to him, _ibid._

_Sardinia, Victor Amedeus_ late K. of, his Abdication and Imprisonment, 156 to 164. Son's Duty to him, 157 to 164.

_Sarno_, Duke of, 136.

SARZANA, _t._ 143.

_Sastago_, Count _de_, 318.

_Savoy_, Duchess of, 156. Palace in the _Strand_, 435.

_Savoy_, Princes of, 435.

_Savoyards_, Character, 171.

_Saurin_, M. 414.

_Saxony_, _John George_ IV. Elector of, 446.

_Scaliger_'s Character of _Lyons_, 173.

_Scarlet_, why the Cardinals Robes and Caps are of that Colour, 86.

_Scarron, Paul_, the Poet, who was Madame _de Maintenon_'s Husband, 264.

_Schasberg_, Count _de_, 361.

_Scheld_ River, 3.

SCHEVELING, _t._ 400.

SCHLANGENBADT, _t._ 357.

_Schourff_, Baron _de_, 346.

_Schouts_, _Dutch_, 376.

SCHWALBACH, _t._ and Waters, 356.

_Schwartzo_, a _Jew_, 411.

_Sculpture_, not the best in _London_, 434.

_Seaux_, the Duke of _Maine_'s Seat, 223.

_Schonborn_, Countess _de_, 350.

---- _Francis-George_, Count _de_, Bishop of _Triers_, 350.

---- Bishops of _Spires_, and _Bamberg_, 350, 353.

_Sebastian, St._ Marchioness _de_, 156, 157, _&c._ 160, 162, 164.

---- K. of _Portugal_, 87.

---- _St._ t. taken, 258.

_Seignelay_, Marquis of, his Bombardment of _Genoa_, 144.

_Senator_, of _Rome_, 110.

_Seneca_'s Statue, 49.

_Senesino_, the Singer, 466.

_Senez_, Bishop of, 240.

SENS, _t._ 183. Mademoiselle _de_, 217, 218.

SERSARA, _t._ 143.

_Servants_, the Custom of treating 'em in _England_, ridiculed, 465.

SESTRI, _t._ 143.

_Ships_, the Difference betwixt the _English_ and _Spaniards_, and those of three Decks, and two, 138.

_Sinzendorf_, Count, 232, 403.

---- Countess, her Conversion to Popery by a Flash of Lightning, 149.

_Sixtus_ IV. his Power as to Hell and Purgatory, 25.

---- V. Pope, 8, 9, 25, 31.

_Skates, Dutch_, describ'd, 384.

_Slingeland_, the (late) Grand Pensionary of _Holland_, 406.

_Smith, Richard_, Bookbinder, and his Wife, their tragical Catastrophe, 270, _&c._ Their Apology for killing themselves and their Child, and the Confession of their Faith, 271, 272.

_Snow_, in _August_, 13.

_Sobieski_, Prince and Princess. 61, 63. Her Arrest, as she went to be marry'd to the Pretender, 61. Her Escape, 61, 62. Her Reception at _Rome_ by Lady _Marr_, &c. and the Cardinals, 63. Her Death, _ibid._

_Sodomite_, the pert Answer of one to a Cardinal, 112.

_Soissons_, Congress, 295, 296.

_Solare_, Chevalier _de_, 162, 163, 164.

SPA, _t._ and Waters, 325. Great Resort to it, 326.

_Spain_, Q. Dowager of _Lewis_ I. her Marriage, and her silent Visit from _Lewis_ XV. 207. Her Retirement to a Convent. 208.

_Spaniards_ Arrival at _Leghorn_, 134, 136, 137. Comparison between their Officers and Ships, and the _English_, 138.

_Sparr_, Baron _de_, 346, 347.

_Speik_, Madame _de_, 361.

_Spigo_, Marquisate, and Marchioness, 157, 158, 160.

_Spinola, John Baptist_, Cardinal, 130.

_Spork_, M. _de_, 405.

_Stadthouse_, at _Amsterdam_, 377 to 380.

_Stage_ Players, the extravagant Respect paid to 'em in _France_, 266, _&c._ A Joke put upon them by President _Harlai_, 267.

_Stampa_, General, 120.

_Stein_, Baron, 311.

_Stilletto_, the frequent Use of it at _Rome_, 73, 74.

_Stoves, Dutch_, describ'd, 372.

_Strafford_, Earl of, 438, 451, 452. His prophetical Conversation with the D. of _Ormond_, 453.

_Strappa Corda_, what, 111.

_Strickland_, Bishop, 319.

_Strozzi_, Duke, 52.

_Suarez_, Madame, 135.

_Sudarini_, Marquis, his Present of a fine Coach to his Daughter-in-law, 106.

_Sulpice, St._ the Parson's, Lottery, 201. His Parsonage a fat one, 202. Its Seminary, _ibid._

_Surnames_, the Moderns blamed for not giving them to their Heroes as well as the Ancients, 251.

SUSA, _t._ 168.

T

_Tallard_, Duchess, 205, 211.

_Tancin_, Archbishop of _Ambrun_, 240.

_Tapistry_ Manufactures, 308.

_Targa_, Bp. Cardinal _Coscia_'s Brother, 91.

_Tavannes_, Count _de_, 182.

_Taverns, English_, better than the _French_, 465.

_Tenebra_, a fine Piece of Music, 96.

_Terrasson_, Abbé, 243.

_Teutonic_ Order, Masters of it, 326.

_Texeria_, a _Jew_, 411.

_Thames_ River, 431, 432.

_Theatres_ at _Paris_, better open'd than shut, 385.

_Theodore_, Baron _de Neuhoff_, proclaim'd K. of _Corsica_, 150.

_Tholouse_, Count _de_, and Countess, 199, 220, 221, 226. Her Sister, 260.

_Thou_, M. _de_, Ambassador, his Dispute with a _Spaniard_ about Precedency, 400.

_Tingry_, Prince _de_, 296.

_Tintoret_, Painter, 359.

TIRLEMONT, _t._ 319.

_Titian_, Painter, 359.

_Titus_'s Arch at _Rome_, 34.

TONGRES, _t._ 323.

_Torcy_, M. _de_, 237.

_Tour_ and _Taxis_, Prince and Princess, 306, 307, 308. His Mother and Children, 307.

_Tour, Humbert de la_, 172, 173.

_Touraine, la_, 216.

_Tranquillity_, Christian, a Poem, on the Disputes of the Times, 279.

_Treaties_ of Peace, three concluded successively in the Dominions of the _Dutch_, 370.

_Tremouille_, Cardinal _de_, 215.

TREVOUX, _t._ 179, 180.

_Triers, Francis-George_, Count _de Schonborn_, the present Bishop, 350, 351.

_Triple Crown_, by what Pope first worn, 22.

_Trotti_, Marquis _de_, 346.

_Tuilleries_, in _France_, Garden, 436.

_Tulip-Root_, of great Value, 395.

TURIN, _t._ 152. Its University, 167. Its Siege, 152, 153.

_Tuscans_, the great Hopes they entertained of _Don Carlos_, 139.

_Tuscany_'s Great Duke, his Manner of giving Audience in Bed, with his Lap-Dogs, and his hearty Reception of our Author, 131, 132, 134. His Indolence in his Bed-chamber, and Deshabille, 133. His Kindness to Pilgrims, and Fondness for the _Germans_, ibid. His Pensioners and Paymaster, _ibid._ Who influenced him to recognise Don _Carlos_ for his Successor, 134.

_Twicked, Wassenaer de_, 412.

_Tyburn_ Executions, 458, 459.

V

_Vahal_, River, 365.

_Val de Grace Church_, 198.

VALENCIENNES, _t._ 296.

_Valere_, Mademoiselle _de_, 188, 219.

_Valois, Philip de_, 172.

_Vander Borg_'s Tapistry, 308.

_Vander Duin_, Messieurs, 408.

_Vandyke_, 359.

_Varengeville, Joanna de_, Wife of the Marshal _Villars_, 255.

_Vatican_ Palace, 24, 31.

---- Library, 25.

_Vauhan_, M. Engineer, 315.

_Vayrac_, Abbé, the Author, 273. His pleasant Rencounter with a pert Coxcomb of a Counsellor, 273, 274. His Plagiarism, 274.

_Vendosme_, Duke de, 253. Why he has not left his Fellow, 254.

_Venerie Castle_, 155.

_Venice_ and _Amsterdam_ compar'd, 371.

_Ventadour_, Duke and Duchess _de_, 205, 334.

_Vermillon_'s Tapistry, 308.

_Veronese, Paul_, Painter, 359.

_Versailles_ Park, 436.

_Vespasian_'s Amphitheatre, 35.

_Uhlefeldt_, Count _de_, 403.

_Uhlefeldt_, Mademoiselle _de_, her unhappy Fate in the Fire at _Brussels_, 301, 403.

VIAREGGIO Forest and Village, 141, 142.

_Victor_, King of _Sardinia_, his Abdication and Imprisonment, 155 to 164. His Advice to the famous _John Law_, 239. His Treaty with _France_ and _Spain_, 252.

_Vienna_ Treaty, 296.

VIENNE, _t._ 173.

_Villars_, Marshal de, _Francis Hector_, 250 to 256. Our Author's smart Answer to him, when he boasted of his Clemency at _Denain_, 251. His Invention of a Surname for the Marshal, which put him in good Humour, 252. His Creation as Marshal of _France_, _ib._ His Conduct in the _Cevennois_ and in _Flanders_, 253. His Preferment to the Government of _Provence_, and his Compliment to the Memory of his deceased Predecessor, 254. His remarkable Expressions to the _French_ King, when he went to the Command in _Germany_, and when he had purchas'd an Estate, _ibid._ His Command, Sickness and Death, in _Italy_, 255. His Family and Character, _ibid._ 256. His nimble Trip from a Ball to a Battle, _ibid._ A Sonnet made on him when he set out last for _Italy_, _ibid._ His Scruple to accept of a Commission to act against the King of _Spain_, 258.

_Villeroy_, M. 174, 178, 229. The Family, _ibid._ 175.

_Vinci, Leonard_, 66.

_Vintimille_, N. N. Archbishop of _Paris_, 192. His Concern for the Goodness of his Mutton, greater than for that of the Pasture of his Sheep, 193. His equal Respect to different Orders, and an Epigram upon his Mandate, in favour of the _Constitution Unigenitus_, 193.

_Viol_, holy, at _St. Rheims_, the Story of it, 269, 270.

_Visconti_, Count _de_, and Countess, 300, 302, 307, 308.

_Vitriarius_, Professor, 397.

_Voisin_, M. Secretary at War, 235.

_Voltaire_, the Poet, his Tragedy of _Brutus_ admir'd, 265. Criticis'd, 266, 467.

_Urban_ V. Pope, 22.

_Urban_ VIII. Pope, his Order about the Cardinals Title, 86.

_Vrilliere_, M. Secretary of State, 209, 237, 238.

---- Madame _de_, 238.

_Ursini_, Cardinal, his Election to be Pope, 26, 27.

_Ushers_ of the Pope, their Privilege, 81.

UTRECHT, _t._ 367, 368, _&c._

---- its Walls resembling those of Jericho, 368. _Lewis_ XIV. afraid of its Cellars, _ibid._

_Uxelles_, Marshal de, 354.

W

_Wager_, Admiral's Arrival at _Leghorn_, whither he convoy'd the _Spaniards_, 136.

_Waldeck_, Prince, 21, 57.

_Wales_, _Frederic_, Pr. of, 447.

_Wallingford_, Ld. his Marriage, 240.

_Walpole_, Sir _Robert_, 450, 451.

_Walpol_, Baron _de_, 350.

_Walrave_, Colonel, 362.

_Wartemberg_, Countess de, 409, 410. Her innumerable Adventures of Gallantry, 409.

_Wassenaars_, of _Holland_, 412.

_Water-works_, finer than those of _St. Cloud_, 269.

_Watteville_, Mademoiselle de, 311.

_Welderen_, Count _de_, 407, 408, 409.

_Werf, Vander_, a Painter, 359.

WESEL, _t._ 362.

_Westminster_ Abbey and Palace, 440, 441.

_Wetzler_ Chamber, 324.

_Whitehall_, Palace, 435.

_Whitworth_, Lady, her smart Rebuke of Cardinal _Corsini_, for pretending to meddle with Houshold Affairs at _Cambray_ Congress, 119.

_William_ l. Pr. of _Orange_'s Assassination, 425.

_William_ III. Prince of _Orange_'s Dispute for Precedency with the Count _d'Estrades_, 401.

---- Disputes adjusted relating to his Succession, 405, 406.

---- _Charles-Henry_, Prince of, 412, 413.

_Windmills_ of _Holland_, 389.

_Windsor_ Palace, by whom built, 450.

_Wirtemberg_, _Lewis_, Pr. of, his, saying to the _Genoese_, about _Corsica_, 150.

---- _Alexander_, Pr. of, 307.

_Wogan_, Mr. in the Pretender's Service, 61, 62.

_Wolffgang de Neubourgh_, Duke, 359.

_Wolsey_, Cardinal 450.

_Women_ Lying-in, a Protection to their Husbands, 396.

_Worms_, fatal to the Dykes of _Holland_, 392, 393.

_Wrangel_, Marshal _de_, 309.

_Wurmbrand_, Count _de_, ibid.

_Wuytiers Barkman_, Bp. of _Utrecht_, 369.

_Wynendale_ Battle, to what the _French_ ascribe the Loss of it, 153.

Z

ZEIST, _t._ 367.

---- Count _de_, 412, 413.

_Zuchro_, Painter, 39.

_Zumjungen_, Marshal _de_, 308, 309.

_FINIS._

FOOTNOTES:

[1] His Eminency died in the Beginning of the Year 1733, after which, Signior _Thomas Ratto_, and _Ottinelli_, heretofore Auditor of the _Rota_, and now Bishop of _Cordoua_, had the Care of the _Spanish_ Affairs, in which he was succeeded by Cardinal _Acquaviva_.

[2] Now Pope _Clement_ XII. whose Nephews and Nieces dwell in it.

[3] The last Hackney that was presented on the Part of the House of _Austria_, was deliver'd by the Prince of _Santa Croce_, whom the Emperor appointed for that Ceremony, because _Spain_ having conquer'd the Kingdom of _Naples_, the Constable was not willing to concern himself in the Affair, before it was finally decided. This was in the Year 1734.

[4] He is now a Cardinal and Archbishop of _Benevento_.

[5] This Princess, who was born _July_ 6. 1702. O. S. died _Jan._ 7. 1735.

[6] As the Baron above three Years since durst not venture much Money on the fulfilling of this Prophecy, we may now say it is not worth a Farthing.

[7] His Eminency is return'd to _France_, and succeeded in his Embassy by the Duke of _St. Aignan_.

[8] The Death of this Cardinal has been already mention'd. His Successor is M. _Ratto_, Bishop of _Cordoua_.

[9] _Henry_ was Son to King _Emanuel_, and _Sebastian_ was Grandson of _John_ III. Brother to the Cardinal _Henry_.

[10] He did it however in the Year 1733.

[11] Since these Letters were wrote, he is actually return'd, and hitherto he is come but poorly off. Tho' his Fate be not yet intirely determin'd, 'tis certain that he will not be degraded. A Sentence has been pass'd upon him, and ratify'd, whereby he is declar'd excommunicate, and out of a Possibility of being absolv'd, but by the Pope, even _in articulo mortis_; he is also to be confin'd in a Fortress, depriv'd of the Power of Speaking or Voting, _&c._ But as _omnia venalia Roma_, even more now than in _Jugurtha_'s Time, the Cardinal _del Gindici_, who is a Friend of his Eminency _Coscia_, gave him to understand, that the Pope was resolv'd to treat him as a Grand _Vizier_ in Disgrace; that he must absolutely refund, and that all his Sins shou'd be blotted out. Consequently his Eminency submitted to implore his Holiness's Clemency, on Condition of paying well for it; and in fine, his Pardon has been tax'd at thirty thousand Ducats. He has clamour'd against it not a little; but the Holy Father wou'd not abate an Ace of it, and the Cardinal was forc'd to acquiesce; however, as he always watches for the Death of the Pope, he desir'd to pay it at several Terms; and upon depositing ten thousand Crowns down, he immediately receiv'd Absolution, his Guards were taken off, and he had Liberty granted him to walk about in the Castle of _St. Angelo_, and to converse there with his Brother the Bishop of _Targa_. He pleads Poverty, and shuffles off his Payments from one time to another, in constant Expectation that the Gout will rise into the Pope's Stomach, and take him out of his Way. At length, in 1734, he paid down ten thousand Crowns more. But a Collector of Taxes, from whom he formerly receiv'd a great Present to procure him an Acquittance from the Chamber, to which he ow'd seventy thousand Crowns, died lately insolvent, and without making good the Fraud; and as _Cæsar_, they say, _loses nothing_, the Chamber comes upon Cardinal _Coscia_, who is condemn'd to pay this Deficiency too, and the Pope won't hear any Talk of compounding it.

[12] He Afterwards created him a Cardinal; but he died at _Benevento_ in 1733. Nobody after his Death wou'd accept of this Benefice, till the Pope gave it to the Abbat _Conti_, a _Roman_, who only took it upon Condition that his Holiness wou'd give him a red Hat to boot; which he did accordingly, at the last Promotion of Cardinals.

[13] It was publish'd in the News-papers of 1732, that this Gentleman was sentenc'd to be beheaded, but that his Holiness had commuted that Sentence to ten Years Imprisonment. It was afterwards said in the public News, that the Pope had shorten'd it, first, to seven Years, and then to three Years Imprisonment. At length the Pope was for removing him to _Perousa_, or elsewhere; but the Prelate wou'd not go, and said, If he cou'd not have his intire Liberty, he wou'd live and die in the Castle of _St. Angelo_.

[14] The Origin of this Ceremony, if we may believe Father _Sirmond_ and _Ciccarelli_, was this: It comes from a Custom they had at _Rome_, of distributing to the People upon every _Whitsunday_ the Remainder of the Paschal Wax-taper, which was consecrated on _Holy Saturday_. The Vulgar, who are always superstitious, appropriated several Virtues to this consecrated Wax, particularly that 'twas a Preservative against the Delusions of the Devil, and the Injuries of Lightning, _&c._ and they us'd to burn little Pieces of this Wax in their Houses. There being not enough left of the Paschal Wax-taper to satisfy the Cravings of the People, the Archdeacon took it into his Head to take some other Wax, which he sprinkled with Oil, bless'd it, and made little Bits of it in the Form of a Lamb, and then distributed them to the People. Afterwards they only flatted those Pieces of Wax, and impress'd 'em with the Stamp of a Lamb bearing the Standard of the Cross. They believe that none but such as are in Orders have the Power to touch them, and they are cover'd neatly with embroider'd Stuff to be given to the Laity. There is nothing by which the Monks more successfully impose upon the Credulous; for to such they distribute _Agnus Dei_'s that were never on t'other Side of the _Alps_.

[15] He is the Pope's Vicechamberlain.

[16] When he was at the Congress at _Cambray_, he had a Fancy to regulate every Plenipotentiary's Houshold; and indeed, that was all he did there. One Day he took it into his Head to give his [OE]conomical Rules at my Lord _Whitworth_'s, but he did not find my Lady very compliant; for, said she, M. _le Marquis, We make use of the +Italians+ to regulate our +Concerts+; but as for the Table, pray give us leave to consult the +French+._

[17] Cardinal _Grimani_ succeeded Cardinal _Bentivoglio_ in the Legateship of _Bologna_, as soon as the present Pope had created him a Cardinal; but he died in the Legateship, and his Holiness conferr'd it upon _John Baptist Spinola_, whom he had just before advanc'd to the Purple.

[18] Nevertheless there is a Difference between these two Families: The Duke _Ferdinand_ the last Survivor of that of _Kettler_, but of the Family of _Medicis_ there are Princes still living, who have an incontestable Right to the Succession; for 'tis certain, that _Bernard de Medicis_, the eldest Brother of Pope _Leo_ XI. descended from _Juvenco de Medicis_, Brother of _Sylvester Clarissimus_, the Head of the present reigning Branch, which _Bernard de Medicis_ was the Son of _Ottaviano_, the last Standard-bearer of _Florence_ in 1528. This _Bernard_ purchas'd the Barony of _Ottajano_ near Mount _Vesuvius_ in the Kingdom of _Naples_, to which he transferr'd this Branch of the _Medicis_; and the present Prince of _Ottajano_, and Duke of _Sarno_, who married _Theresa_, Daughter of _Charles_ Prince of _Acquaviva_, is his Great Great Grandson.

[19] The Count _de Charni_ signs N. _d'Orleans C. de Charni_. He is a Bastard of the _Orleans_ Family, but by whom is not known. He has advanc'd himself at the Court of _Spain_, and is now Commandant of _Naples_, and Lieutenant-General of the Kingdom.

[20] This Prince went thro' _France_, and arriv'd at _Florence_ the Beginning of the Year 1732.

[21] This young Prince died in 1734, as his illustrious Uncle did in the Year following.

[22] The _Spaniards_ took it at the Beginning of the War, and 'twas the first of their Exploits.

[23] _Giafferi_ did all he could; but was obliged to submit to Force, the Republic being assisted by the Troops which the Emperor had assembled in _Lombardy_, to oppose the Enterprizes he was then apprehensive of from the _Spaniards_. _Giafferi_ was arrested, but by a great deal of Art and Cunning he obtain'd his Freedom, after the _Genoese_ thought the _Corsicans_ were disarmed, destitute of Leaders, and reduced to a Sense of their Duty; and he retired to _Tuscany_. But the _Corsicans_ being no better treated than they were before their Accommodation, took up Arms again, upon which _Giafferi_ procured them all manner of Assistance, and actually returned to that Island, and put himself at the Head of the Malecontents, who seemed to have a fair Chance of regaining their Liberties. They were so uppish in Expectation of foreign Assistance, that they rejected some new Concessions made to them by the _Genoese_, in _Dec, 1734_, declar'd _Aitelli_ General of the Forces, and one _Costa_, a Man of great Intrigues, General-Auditor of the Island; and, at the same time, made Proposals to the King of _Spain_ to take them under his Protection, having renounced all Subjection to the Republic of _Genoa_, declar'd themselves a free and independent People, and resolv'd to defend their Liberties to the last Man. At length they receiv'd some Recruits of Money and Ammunition by one _Theodore_, who call'd himself the Baron _de Neuhoff_, and arriv'd in _March_ 1736. on Board an _English_ Ship from _Tunis_; but in the Name of what Power he acted, is as yet a Mystery. He had the Success to be proclaim'd King of _Corsica_, and Copper Money was coin'd there with his Effigies; but he has since been obliged to abandon the Island; and the _French_ have taken upon them to accommodate Matters between the _Genoese_ and _Corsicans_. It must be left to Time, to shew whether the _Genoese_ will have Reason to be pleased with this formidable Mediation. After all, that Republic has too much Cause to remember the Saying of Prince _Lewis_ of _Wirtemberg_, who, when he return'd with the Imperial Troops from suppressing the former Rebellion, told them, That the Island was not worth the Expences which the Republic had been at in reducing the _Corsicans_, and what they must be at continually to keep them in Subjection.

[24] The Prince had a Kindness for Mademoiselle _de Cumiane_, before she was married to the Count _de St. Sebastian_, when she was Maid of Honour to Madame Royale. She was afterwards a Lady of Honour to the Duchess of _Savoy_, and at last Tire-Woman to the Princess of _Piedmont_, late Queen of _Sardinia_. She has been a Widow since 1723. After she was married to the Count _de St. Sebastian_, she still preserv'd the King's Friendship and Esteem, and was always in great Credit with him. When she became a Widow, the old Flames of Love broke out again; the King gave her an Apartment at Court, where he cou'd see her without being seen, and he took Care of her Family.

[25] 'Tis said, that the real Motive of this Abdication was his Perplexity on Account of the Succession of _Parma_ and _Tuscany_, and the Introduction of the Infante _Don Carlos_ into _Italy_. They say he had enter'd into Engagements relating to this Affair, first with the Court of _Vienna_, and afterwards with _Spain_; and it not being possible for him to satisfy either of those Courts without exposing himself to the Resentment of the other, he resolved to abdicate, at least for a Time, because he knew of no other Way to extricate himself from the Dilemma.

[26] The Abdication was performed the 3d of _September_, in the Castle of _Rivoli_. The declar'd Motives, were the Fatigues of a Reign of fifty Years, the Infirmities of old Age, and the Necessity of some Interval of Retirement, between a Throne and a Tomb.

[27] The King was not marry'd to the Countess of _St. Sebastian_, till he came to _Chamberry_, where she met him; for he set out from _Turin_ without her. When he marry'd her, he gave her one hundred thousand Crowns, with which she purchased the Marquisate of _Spigo_ for her Children, and then exchang'd her Title of Countess of _St. Sebastian_ for that of Marchioness of _Spigo_.

[28] _Victor Amedeus_ took it into his Head to reascend the Throne, as soon as he heard of the Conclusion of the Treaty of _Vienna_, by which the Emperor consented to the Introduction of the _Spaniards_. He then let the Marchioness _del Spigo_ into the true Motives of his Abdication, and into the Measures he intended to take for reascending the Throne. This ambitious Woman encourag'd him, and being withal a very cunning intriguing Person, she left no Stone unturn'd to bring a Project to bear, which would set her on the Throne; and she engag'd all her Friends and Relations in the Affair, of whom some betray'd her.

[29] These Proofs were his sending for the Marquis _del Borgo_ to _Montcallier_, demanding the Instrument of Abdication from him, giving him but twelve Hours time to fetch it, and his appearing before the Citadel of _Turin_, with a View of getting into it, and of animating the Garison to assist him in his Enterprise.

[30] These were all Privy Counsellors and Great Men, who being assembled by Order of the King, and consulted on the imminent Danger of his being dethron'd were all of Opinion for putting _Victor Amedeus_ and his Consort under an Arrest.

[31] He died _Oct._ 31. 1732.

[32] She died _Jan._ 13. 1735. and his Majesty has since married Sister of the present Great Duke of _Tuscany_.

[33] There is now but one Prince, the youngest being dead; but there are three Princesses.

[34] This is the Cardinal _Ferrera_, Bishop of _Verceil_.

[35] This wou'd be very extraordinary, as Mr. _Addison_ observes, were it not for other neighbouring Mountains that rise above it.

[36] This shews another Mistake of _Misson_, who says this Side is the most rugged.

[37] The _French_ are not the only People who boast of the Grandeur and other Advantages of _Lyons_, as appears from this Epigram by _Scaliger_.

_Flumineis Rhodanus qua se fugat incitus undis, Quaque pigro dubitat flumine mitis Arar, Lugdunum jacet, antiquo novus orbis in orbe, Lugdunumque vetus orbis in orbe novo. Quod nolis, alibi quaras; hic quare quod optas: Aut hic, aut nusquam, vincre vota potes. Lugduni quodcunque potest dare mundus habebis: Plura petas, hac urbs & tibi plura dabit._

i. e.

_Where +Rhone+ impetuous rolls, and where the slow And gentle +Sâon+ with milder Streams does flow, There +Lyons+ stands; where we united find, What scatter'd thro' the World delights the Mind; And if you still seek more with greedy eye, +Lyons+ can ev'n more Wonders still supply._

[38] Her Amours with M. _de Lauzun_ have made a great Noise.

[39] This Misfortune came upon the Duke and Duchess of _Maine_, merely from a Suspicion which the Regent entertain'd, that the Duke had a Hand in the pretended Conspiracy of the Prince of _Cellamare_, the Ambassador of _Spain_; which, they said, was to remove the Duke of _Orleans_ from the Regency, and to vest it in the King of _Spain_, who wou'd have put the Duke of _Maine_ in his Place, according to _Lewis_ XIVth's last Will. The bare Suspicion however amounted to fix the Guilt upon this Prince, and all that belong'd to him. It were to be wish'd, that some Eye-witness of what was then transacted at Court, and in _Bretagne_, wou'd give the Public an exact Account of it.

[40] The Friar, who in the other Orders is a Prior, is call'd a Minister in this Order, which it better known in _France_ by the Name of the _Mathurias_.

[41] In all Appearance, the _Latin_ Name _Lutetia_ comes from _Leucothecia_, which signifies _white Town_, a Name that _Strabo_ gives to this City, the Houses of which were plaister'd. By Abbreviation it was call'd _Lutetia_. As to the Name _Paris_, 'tis certain, that it comes from _Para-Isis_, near _Isis_, a well-known Goddess, who had several Temples in this Canton; where she was so particularly worshipp'd, that from her Name the Inhabitants were call'd _Para-Isians_, the Neighbours of _Isis_. They, who have carefully examin'd the Gate of the _Carmelites_ Church, and the Building of its Chapel, will own, that it was formerly the Temple of this Goddess; whose Statue, in Iron, holding a Handful of Ears of Corn, is still on the Front of the Building.

[42] The Author does not say _whither_ nor _from whence_ those Sheep are stray'd. All those Sheep feed in the same Pasture, or at least, there are but few of 'em that feed in the Pastures to which M. _de Vintimille_ could wish to bring the others. Some Slanderers don't scruple to say, that this _good_ Prelate gives himself more Uneasiness about the _Excellency of the Dishes_ at his Table, than the Goodness of the Pasture for his Sheep: For he has been seen to give the same Welcome to the _Jesuits_, and the _Fathers of the Oratory_, to the _Capuchins_ and the _Benedictins_, &c. For the Sake of such of our Readers as have a Taste for _French_ Poetry, we insert the following _Epigram_; which was made upon this Prelate's Mandate in Favour of the Constitution:

_Le Public est un Sot, d'être scandalisé Du Mandement que +Vintimille+ Vient de repandre dans la Ville, Me disoit ce Matin un Docteur avisé! Il est, dit il, d'Usage indispensable, Pour qu'un Saint soit canonisé, D'entendre l'Avocat du Diable._

[43] This is a Thing in Question; and the Negative seems to be plainly proved by the Opinions of the Counsellors of the Parlement, all Men of unexceptionable Character, who voted for putting the Reverend Father to Death.

[44] He is now Archbishop of _Sens_, and very well known for the famous Story of _Maria Aliacoque_, a celebrated Saint of his own making.

[45] The Count _de Gergy_ died in 1733 in his Embassy, and was succeeded by the Count _de Froulay_.

[46] As the Parson of St. _Sulpice_ stretches his Invention to the utmost, how to allure the Multitude, in 1734 he out-did all that he had ever done before, so that his Procession was more like the March of an Army than any thing else, because of the many Trumpets, Kettle-drums, Hunting-horns, _&c._ which made the Air echo with their Flourishes. It may by Degrees come to be like the Processions at _Cambray_, _Antwerp_, _Brussels_, and other Towns of the _Netherlands_; where, to the Scandal of the Christian Religion, we see the Revival of all the Impertinencies of the Pagan.

[47] The Mode of _Bagnolette_, _i. e._ Bathing-tubs, came from this Village, to which the Country-women carry them.

[48] _Philippa Elisabeth_ of _Orleans_. She died of the Small-pox _May_ 21, 1734. unmarried, and universally lamented.

[49] _Louisa Diana_ of _Orleans_. She was married in 1732. to _Lewis_ of _Bourbon_, Prince of _Conti_, by whom she had a Son, born _Sept._ 1, 1734. while the Prince was in the King's Army upon the _Rhine_.

[50] It should have been observ'd in the Article of _Turin_, that this Queen died the second of _January_, 1735, O. S. and the King has since marry'd the eldest Sister of the present Duke of _Lorain_.

[51] He is married since 1732, to _Louisa-Diana_ of _Orleans_, youngest Daughter of the late Regent.

[52] The Origin of the Fable is this. _Mehemed Ben Aschen_, or the Son of _Aschen_, Admiral of _Sale_, was deputed from the King of _Morocco_, but I know not in what Year, to the Court of _France_. When this Corsair was at _Paris_, he heard great Talk of the Princess of _Conti_'s Beauty, and of the particular Affection which the King had for her: In order to ingratiate himself with the _French_, he gave out, that the Emperor his Master having seen the Picture of that Princess among other Effects which belong'd to a Christian who was taken into Slavery, he thought her the most beautiful of her Sex; and that his _Moorish_ Majesty said, That if he had such a Lady in his Seraglio, he should never desire any other. _Mehemed_'s Story was presently carried far and near, but it was told quite different from the Truth; for it was reported in a very little time, that he was come to demand the Princess in Marriage for _Muley Ismael_ his Master. As there seem'd to be something mysterious in the Picture, a Messenger was sent in all Haste to the Ambassador's Lodgings, to know the Name of the Slave from whom it was taken; but his _Mahometan_ Excellency so prevaricated, that his Answer was far from being satisfactory. Nevertheless, his pretended Demand of this Princess was so much the Subject of Conversation among the _French_ for several Months, that according to the Custom of this People, they at length made a Sonnet upon it, which follows.

To the Tune of _Je ne suis né ni Roi ni Prince_.

_Votre beauté, grande Princesse, Porte les traits dont l'Amour blesse, Jusques aux plus sauvages dieux: L'Afrique avec vous capitule, Et les conquétes de vos yeux Vont plus loin que celles d'Hercule._

_S'il est bien vrai qu'il vous adore, Que je plains ce pauvre Roi Maure, D'être sensible à vos appas! En vain envers vous il s'explique; La France ne donnera pas Son Ange au Diable de l'Afrique._

Which may be thus English'd,

_Your Beauty, Great Princess, Carries Love's killing Shafts To Nations the most savage; +Afric+ with you capitulates, And the Conquests of your Eyes Even those of +Hercules+ surmount._

_If it be true that he adores you, How do I pity the poor Negro King, Who is so smitten with your Charms! In vain he makes his Passion known to you; For sure +France+ will never give Her Angel to the Devil of +Africa+._

[53] 'Tis a Letter _from a Gentleman retir'd from the World, to a Friend of his_, wherein he celebrates the happy Innocence, and the Freedom of his tranquil Retreat, in a Style that cannot but be pleasing to the Admirers of _French_ Poetry; and for their Sakes we insert the Original, with only an _English_ Paraphrase in the Margin.

Je vois regner sur ce rivage The Author begins with expressing L'Innocence et la Liberté. his Surprise at the Concurrence Que d'Objects dans ce paisage, of Objects of different Qualities Malgre leur contrarieté, in his Retirement; such as M'étonnent par leur Assémbláge! Abundance with Frugality, Abondante frugalité, Authority with Indulgence, Riches Autorité sans Esclaváge with Sobriety, Richesses sans Libertinagé, Charges, Noblesse, sans fuerté. Honours with Humility: And having Mon choix est fait, ce voisinage therefore fix'd on this Spot for Détermine ma volonté. his Residence, he implores the Bienfaisante Divinité, Sanction of the Divine Providence Ajoutez y votre suffrage. to his Choice.

Disciple de l'Adversité, Here he says, that having been Je viens faire dans le village train'd-up in the School of Le volontaire apprentissage Adversity, he prefers a voluntary D'une tardive obscurité. Obscurity in the Village; that he Aussi bien, de mon plus bel âge has experienc'd the Instability of J'apperçois l'instabilité. Youth; that he has seen the Return J'ai deja, de compte arrêté, of 40 Springs, which he regrets Quarante fois vu le feuillage that he has so ill improv'd; and Par le Zéphyr ressuscité. promises to make a better Use of Du Printems j'ai mal profité: the Summer of his Life. J'en ai regret; et de l'Eté Je veux faire un meilleur usage.

J'apporte dans mon Hermitage, He says he brings to his Hermitage Un coeur des longtems rebuté a Heart which has been for a long Du prompt et funeste esclavage, Time the fatal Slave of foolish Fruit de la folle vanité. Vanity; but that now he is become Paisan sans rusticité, a Peasant without Clownishness, a Hermite sans patelinage, Hermit without Bigotry; and that Mon but est la tranquillité. Tranquillity being his Aim, he Je veux pour unique partage, desires no other Portion in Life La paix d'un coeur qui se dégage but the Peace of his Mind, Des filets de la Volupté. disentangled from the Snares of Pleasure.

L'incorruptible probité, Here he declares, that De mes Ayeux noble Heritage, incorruptible Probity, the noble A la Cour ne m'a point quitté. Inheritance he deriv'd from his Libre et franc, sans être sauvage, Ancestors, did not forsake him at Du Courtisan fourbe et volage Court, where being frank and free, L'exemple ne m'a point gâté, without being rude, the Example of L'infatigable activité, the crafty giddy Courtier had not tainted him. He observes the good Effect of his former Miscarriage; that it has made him active and indefatigable; and he hopes Reste d'un utile naufrage, from henceforwards to be happy in Mes Etudes, mon Jardinage, his Studies, in his Garden, and Un Repas sans art appreté, in a plain Diet dress'd by his D'une Epouse oeconome et sage frugal prudent Wife, whose good La belle humeur, le bon ménage, Nature is equal to her [OE]conomy. Vont faire ma félicité.

C'est dans ce Port, qu'en sureté In this Port, says he, my Vessel Ma Barque ne craint point l'orage. dreads no Storm. Let who will defy Qu'un autre à son tour emporté, the Rage of the Winds, while he Au gré de sa cupidité, coasts along the Shore, I laugh at Sur le sein de l'humide plage, his Presumption, and wish him a Des Vents ose affronter la rage; good Voyage; but reserve my Je ris de sa témerité, Courage for a more important Et lui souhaite un bon voyage. Passage, and approach with Je réserve ma fermeté Boldness to the Gates of Eternity. Pour un plus important passage; Et je m'approche avec courage, Des portes de l'Eternité.

Je sai que la mortalité The Poet concludes with a Du Genre humain est l'appanage: Reflection, that since Mortality Pourquoi seul serois-je excepté? is intail'd upon all Mankind, why La vie est un pelerinage: should he alone think to be De son cours la rapidité, exempted? And he says, that since Loin de m'alarmer, me soulage. Life is but a Pilgrimage, the De sa fin, quand je l'envisage, Rapidity of its Race, instead of L'infallible necessité alarming, comforts him; and that Ne me sauroit faire d'outrage. the infallible Necessity of his Brulez de l'Or empaqueté, Death, when he seriously considers Il n'en perit que l'embalage: the Matter, is no more an Injury C'est tour. Un si leger dommage to him, than the burning of a Bale Devroit-il être regreté? of Gold is to the Metal, which remains intire, tho' the Case that contains it is consum'd; which, he adds, is too trifling a Loss to be regarded.

[54] The King gave this young Duke, when he was but nine Years old, the Reversion of the Post of Great Admiral, for a New-Year's Gift, on the first of _January_ 1734. He is handsome, well-set, all Life and Spirit, and gives very fair Hopes of being a great Man.

[55] As soon as he arrived, the Place _de Vendosme_, or the Square of _Lewis le Grand_, where M. _Daguesseau_ liv'd, was set apart for the Stock-jobbing Trade, which was before carried on in the Street _Quinquempoix_; and one Morning, a Paper was found at the Chancellor's Door, with these Words, _Et homo factus est, & habitabit cum nobis_.

[56] He is actually join'd in the Administration with the Cardinal _de Fleury_, who was very glad to nominate a Person for his Coadjutor.

[57] He died some time ago at _Paris_, very much lamented by all that knew him.

[58] The present Archbishop of _Ambrun_, famous for his Zeal for the Constitution, for the Persecution of the Bishop of _Senez_, and for his little Council at _Ambrun_.

[59] He died at _Maestricht_ in the Year 1734, a Cornet in the Regiment of the Prince of _Orange-Friseland_. But Mr. _Law_ has left an amiable Daughter, who has had a fine Education, and married to Lord _Wallingford_, Son to the Earl of _Banbury_.

[60] These Verses are not in the first Edition of these Memoirs, but are added, by the Bookseller, to the second.

[61] _James Nompar_ of _Caument_, Duke _de la Force_, an assiduous humble Servant of Mr. _Law_, and who, by his Management, during the _Missisippi_ Scheme, drew a great many Pasquinades upon himself, of which this is not the severest.

[62] The Abbé _Terrasson_, who wrote in Favour of the Scheme.

[63] _Law_ had three Cocks for his Arms.

[64] As these Lines will not admit of a Version to the Satisfaction of an _English_ Reader, 'tis sufficient to acquaint him, that they are a Satire upon the Humour which prevail'd at that Time, among People of all Ranks, from the Duke to his Scullion, to be Adventurers in Mr. _Law_'s Scheme; a Madness which was contemporary, and equally mischievous with the Delusion that was so predominant in our own Country, in that fatal Year of 1720, when so many People were, as we may term it, cast away in the _South-Sea_, and the lesser Whirlpools, call'd _Bubbles_, of which there was almost an infinite Number.

[65] This, with the Calculation annexed to it, is an Addition by the Editor, to the second Edition, which was not in the first Edition of these Memoirs.

[66] There was a Label affixed to the Gate of the _Palais_ Royal, with these Words, _Esurientes implevit bonis, & Divites dimisit inanes_, i. e. The Hungry he hath fill'd with good Things, but the Rich he hath sent empty away.

[67] He was of the _Lorain_ Family, and was succeeded in his Office of Master of the Horse by his Son Prince _Charles_.

[68] The King of _France_ having declar'd War against the Emperor in 1733, in Conjunction with the Kings of _Spain_ and _Sardinia_, his Majesty gave the Marshal _de Villars_ the Command of his Army in _Italy_; to which Country he repair'd after the Conquest of the _Milanese_ had been very far advanc'd. He took _Pizzighitone_; but the Imperial Army being at length form'd, the Count _de Merci_, who commanded it, having taken the Field with it on a sudden, by passing the _Po_, made so many Motions, that the old Marshal, being forc'd to be _every-where_, according to his old Phrase, fell sick upon it, and was oblig'd to leave the Army. Some do not stick to say, that he had Orders for it from Court, where his Conduct was not approv'd: Be this as it will, his Distemper growing worse upon his Arrival at _Turin_, he died there the 17th of _June_ 1734, in the 84th Year of his Age, in the same Room, as 'tis said, where he was born, his Father the Marquis _de Villars_ being then there by Order of the King. In 1702 he married _Joanna-Angelica Roque de Varengeville_, whose Father was the King's Ambassador at _Venice_. The Family of _Villars_ is originally of _Lyons_, and first began to be distinguish'd in the Person of _Claude de Villars_, Lord of _Chapelle_, and _Masclas_, second Son to _Francis de Villars_, born about _Ann._ 1516. The Marshal was to the last a Man of uncommon Gaiety and Gallantry; for whether Fighting or Dancing, he appear'd with the same Vivacity and good Humour, and seem'd an Enemy to none except the Jesuits. What did not consist with such a Temper, was his Love of Money; and he inrich'd himself too much by the Spoils of War, and the Contributions he used to raise for Safe-guards, _&c._ But as for his Soldier-like Character, this one Story of him may suffice; In 1702 the Marshal order'd his Army to pass the _Rhine_ at _Haguenau_, the same Night that he invited several Gentlemen and ladies to a Ball, where he danc'd till two o'Clock in the Morning, and then mounted his Horse unobserv'd, and follow'd his Army; with which he surprised the Prince of _Baden_, and fought a Battle by the Time the Ball was broke up; for which Action the King gave him the Marshal's Batoon. The Conquests of _Milan_ and other Places in _Italy_, which he made in 1733, were accompany'd also with Dancing and Balls; but Age and Infirmities, at last, made a Conquest of him. His Memory and his Judgment so fail'd him, that he became troublesome to the Army; but his fighting Humour still prevail'd, and he would have endanger'd all, had not the King of Sardinia prevail'd on the King of _France_ to recall him. However, the King of _Sardinia_ took Leave of him in the Field with great Civility, and at his Arrival at _Turin_, where he fell ill of a Dysentery, accompany'd with a Fever, of which he died, he was receiv'd very graciously by the late Queen, who presented him with a Diamond Sword, valued at 300 Pistoles.

The following Sonnet was presented to the Marshal, when he set out for _Italy_.

_Villars, tes grands Exploits qui sauverent la France, Dans les Siecles futurs t'immortaliseront. La Paix fut le doux fruit de ta haute prudence; Mais de nouveaux Lauriers doivent ceindre ton front._

_Le Pere de ton Roi, l'Espagne & le Piémont, Sur toi seul aujourd'hui fondent leurs Esperances. Arme ton bras vainquer, cours venger leur affront; L'Allemand pourra-i-il soutenir ta présence?_

_Les grands Coeurs en tout tems conservent leur valeur, L'Age respecte en eux leur prémiere vigueur, Ils savent s'affranchir des Loix de la Nature:_

_Semblables aux Lauriers que leur main va cueillir, Qui des ans, des saisons ne craiguent point l'injure, Les Héros ont le droit le ne jamais vieillir._

i. e.

_+Villars+, thy great Exploits, which sav'd all +France+, In future Ages will immortalise thee. The Peace was the kind Product of thy great Wisdom; But new Laurels are still to deck thy Brow._

_The Father of thy King, +Spain+, and +Piedmont+ too, Upon thee alone do now found all their Hopes. Haste with thy conqu'ring Arm their Quarrel to avenge; Will +Germany+ be able to withstand thy Presence?_

_Great Souls always retain their Valour; To their former Vigour Age itself pays a Respect; They can shake off the Yoke of Nature's Laws._

_Like to the Laurels gather'd by their Hands, Which are Proof against the Injuries of Years and Seasons, Heroes never stoop to old Age._

[69] By Mrs. _Arabella Churchill_, Sister to the late Duke of _Marlborough_.

[70] The King, having appointed the Marshal _de Villars_ to command in _Italy_, thought fit to send the Marshal _de Berwic_ to oppose Prince _Eugene_, whom the Emperor had nominated for the Command on the _Rhine_. He began the Siege of _Philipsburg_; but on the first of _June_, O. S. 1734, as he went to take a View of the Trenches, he was kill'd with a Cannon Ball between his two Grandsons. He is succeeded in all his Titles by his Son the Duke _de Liria_, now Duke of _Berwic_, _&c._ who has been lately at the Court of _Naples_.

It will be doing no Dishonour to the Marshal, to say he made War his Trade, which he studied with an unwearied Application; and as he never wanted Courage, so none had more military Knowledge. Having consider'd War as a Science, he left little to Chance, or even Bravery; but depended upon Skill and Discipline, which was the Thing that gain'd him the Battle of _Almanza_. As he was so regular and mechanical a Warrior, he was himself the Life and Soul of his Army, not as he was belov'd, but as he was much fear'd by his Soldiers, whom he never spar'd, and least of all, his own Countrymen, that came to serve in _France_. He was reserved even to his General Officers, rarely consulting them, nor so much as communicating the Orders he had receiv'd, or the Designs he had projected, but as they had their own Parts to execute in them. Tho' he was the best regular General of his Time, yet he was the least enterprizing one. He was never a great Favourite at the Court of _France_, which is something to be wonder'd at, considering the Use he was made of upon every Occasion; for as a Soldier of Fortune, he had no Obligations but for his Appointments; and yet attach'd himself to _France_ preferably to any other Nation. As he was bred up in the War against the _English_, his Enmity to them became a second Nature, which is suppos'd to be the Reason that he never did one of that Nation any Service, beside those of his own Family. As the Marshal took care to be obey'd by the Officers and Soldiers of the Armies he commanded, he was always obsequious himself to the Orders of the Court, of which there needs no other Proof, than the Instance above-mention'd; when he appear'd in Arms against _Spain_ with Alacrity, after he had receiv'd the highest Honours from King _Philip_.

He had the Title of Duke of _Berwic_, and likewise the Garter conferr'd on him by King _James_. He was born in 1671, so that when he died, he was sixty-three Years of Age.

[71] The Family of _Estrées_, originally of _Picardy_, was in Possession of the Dignities of the Crown before _Gabriella_; for her Grandfather was Great Master of the Artillery of _France_.

[72] This is the common Name in _Italy_ for Interpreters or Expounders of Antiquities.

[73] Here should have been added, _of the Poet_ Paul Scarron. She was the Daughter of _Constans d'Aubigny_, Baron of _Surincan_, and of _Joan de Cardillac_. _Charles d'Aubigny_, Governor of _Berry_, and Knight of the King's Orders, who died in 1703, was her Brother. Her Grandfather was _Theodore Agrippa d'Aubigny_, Admiral of _Bretagne_ and _Guienne_, celebrated for his Zeal for the Protestant Religion, and Author of a _History of his own Time_, of the _Confession_ of _Saney_, and of the Baron _de Faneste_. Every body knows, that the Attachment of his Widow _Scarron_ to Madame _de Montespan_, made her Way to _Lewis_ XIV. who was so pleas'd with her Humour, that she continued in the highest Favour till that Monarch's Death; and enjoy'd a Pension of 50,000 Livres, which was punctually paid her by _Lewis_ XV. every Year as long as she liv'd. After her Death, the Duke de _Noailles_ became Marquis _de Maintenon_ in Right of his Wife.

[74] This alludes to a Joke of the President _de Harlai_, who when he was accosted by the Comedians, in the Name of their _Troop_, which that worthy Gentleman never car'd for, especially since _Tartuffe_, and the Comedians saying to him, _My Lord, the_ Company _of Comedians_, &c. The President made Answer, _Gentlemen_, the Troop _of the Parliament_, &c.

[75] The Author refers here to the Works directed by Mr. BENSON, one of the present Auditors of the Imprest (for which see p. 67. of the First Volume of these Memoirs).

[76] The Bottle called the Holy Phial, is kept at _Rheims_, in the Tomb of St. _Remy_, in the Church of that Name. It has not been filled since the Coronation of _Clovis_, when 'tis said this Phial was brought from Heaven, with the Oil with which that first Christian King of _France_ was consecrated; and the Frier who shews it at _Rheims_, says very seriously, That when the King is sick, it dries away; so that when he dies, there is not a Drop left in the Bottle; but that as soon as his Successor is proclaimed, it fills again of its own Accord. I tell you no more than what I heard with my own Ears, and tho' I could not help smiling at it, the Frier was not angry. The Liquefaction of this Oil is altogether as miraculous as that of St. _Januarius_'s Blood at _Naples_.

[77] The Abbé _de Vayrac_ was of a good Family in _Guienne_, and had all the Vivacity natural to that Province, which stood him in the stead of Wit; but it was of the abusive Kind. If ever an Author was a Plagiary, he was. He published a _State_ of _Spain_, and a _State_ of the Empire; which last brought him under an ignominious Sentence of the Court of _Vienna_. He had also composed a History of _Portugal_, which he could not obtain a Licence for Printing, because it appear'd that he had paid greater Compliments in it to the _Portuguese_, than to the _French_. He died in the Beginning of the Year 1733, as he returned from a Journey he had made to _Holland_.

[78] In 1643.

[79] This famous Counsellor was restor'd not long after, at the pressing Instances of his Brethren, and has merited the Elogiums of the Minister himself, as well as of all _France_.

[80] _Pucelage_ is the _French_ Word for _Virginity_.

[81] Neither was he included in the Promotion of the four Marshals of _France_, which the King made in 1734, tho' he had served with great Bravery ever since the Beginning of the last War between _France_ and _Germany_.

[82] This Minister pleases them to Perfection. They all like his Behaviour, and the Diligence with which he dispatches Business. In a Word, he is beloved and adored.

[83] In _November_ 1736, she was delivered of a Son.

[84] Prince _Christian_ II. Son of the Prince _de la Tour_. He resigned his Canonship of Cologn, on purpose to serve in the Emperor's Army.

[85] The Marshal _de Zumjungen_ dy'd the 25th of _August_ 1732. The Count _de Wurmbrand_ commanded till another was appointed.

[86] _Gand_ signifies _Ghent_ in the _German_, and _Glove_ in the _English_.

[87] He is the Great Great Grandson of Prince _Maurice_, by the Lady _de Malines_.

[88] The Emperor lately appointed him to relieve the Count _de Sastago_, Viceroy of _Sicily_, at the Time that Don _Carlos_, King of _Naples_, went to make a Descent upon _Sicily_, with twenty thousand Men, under the Command of the Count _de Montemar_, Duke of _Bitonto_.

[89] M. _d'Amerongen_, who is descended of one of the best Families in the Province of _Utrecht_, having lost his elder Brother, who was in the Regency, has quitted his Service to succeed him in the Government.

[90] It was burnt quite to the Ground in the Beginning of the Year 1734.

[91] VOL. I. LETTER V.

[92] He succeeded _Francis Lewis_ of _Neubourg_, Elector of _Mentz_, who was chose Grand Master the 12th of _July_ 1694, In the Room of his Brother, _Lewis Anthony_ of _Neubourg_; and he is the fourteenth Grand Master since the Defection of _Prussia_, formerly the Seat of this Order, which has existed ever since the Year 1190; when it was instituted in the Holy Land, by _Henry_ King of _Jerusalem_. A Duke of _Masovia_, having invited to his House _Herman de Salsza_, the fourth Grand Master of the new Order, chose in 1210, he gave him, and his Knights, Lands upon the Frontiers of _Prussia_; the Inhabitants whereof being _Pagans_, did great Mischief to his Subjects, and he promised to leave them all the Lands that they conquered from those People, which the Emperor and the Pope confirmed. Before the Year 1250, they took _Prussia_, _Courland_, and a Part of _Livonia_; and put all the _Pagans_ to Death that refused to turn Christian. The _Teutonic_ Knights, being driven out of the Holy Land, by the taking of _Acre_, went and established the principal House of their Order at _Marpurg_, in the Beginning of the fourteenth Century; from whence they transferred it to _Marienbourg_ in _Prussia_. The Order made such a rapid Progress, that in the Beginning of the following Century, it was in a Condition to oppose _Jagellon_, King of _Poland_, with an Army of eighty-three thousand Men; which that Prince, _Anno_ 1410, cut in Pieces. After that time the Order was scarce ever at Peace, but was always at Variance, either with the _Poles_, or the _Lithuanians_, or with the _Russians_, or with its own Subjects; till it was obliged to make a dishonourable Peace in 1446, with _Casimir_ King of _Poland_. The Grand Masters, from that Time to 1510, when _Albert_ of _Brandenbourg_ was chose Grand Master, could not repair their Losses. The latter having embraced the Protestant Religion, made a Bargain in 1515, with the King of _Poland_, and yielded all _Russia_ to him, on Condition of holding of him in Fee, what was afterwards called _Ducal Prussia_, or _Brandenbourg Prussia_, which now forms the Kingdom of _Prussia_; and the rest was incorporated with _Poland_, and forms the Palatinates of _Culm_, _Marienbourg_, _&c._ Thus were the _Teutonic_ Knights obliged to retire to _Germany_, where their Order is shared into twelve Provinces, each of which has its particular Commandeurs; and their oldest Commandeur is called the Provincial Commandeur. These twelve Commandeurs depend on the Grand Master, and have a Right to chuse him. The Grand Master's Residence is at _Marien-shal_ in Franconia, and his Revenue about twenty thousand Crowns. 'Tis said, the Order does not yet despair, that some Day or other, it will be able to recover its lost Dominions.

[93] He is dead.

[94] He was Grand Master of the _Teutonic_ Order, Bishop of _Strasbourg_, _Halberstadt_, _Passau_, _Olenitz_ and _Breslaw_; Abbot of _Hirchsfeldt_, _Murbach_ and _Luders_.

[95] Nevertheless, he was disgrac'd in 1733, for a very trifling Cause, which made the Count _de la Lippe_, also, lose all his Employments; and his own Disgrace has been attended with that of his whole Family, and with great Alterations at the Elector's Court, where the Count _de Hohen-Zollern_ is now Grand Master of the Houshold, and First Minister; and the Baron _de Hornstein_ Great Chamberlain.

[96] He was scarce twenty-eight Years of Age.

[97] The Baron _de Roll_ has succeeded him in his Place.

[98] The Count, who is a Lover of the Sciences, intends to make a _Lycaum_ of his Castle, and a little _Athens_ of his Town. He begins by forming a numerous Library, and longs to get the Learned about him. But the main Point is to make a good Choice of them; and the first Choice which the Count has made of a Man who has already engrossed his Favour, does not promise well for the future.

[99] He died in 1734.

[100] On the Road, two Leagues from _Cleves_, there's the Palace of _Meiland_, where the King of _Prussia_ resided at the Beginning of the Illness which he contracted in 1734, as he returned from the Imperial Army on the _Rhine_.

[101] The Name of this Prelate was _Barkman Wuytiers_. He died in 1733, at no very great Age, with the Character of a Man of the strictest Virtue. The Court of _Rome_, and the _Jesuits_, conceiv'd great Hopes after his Death. The latter, after having been banished out of the United Provinces by very severe Laws; employed the Mediation of a certain Court to succeed in their Design of getting an Apostolical Vicar accepted in the Place of the Archbishop of _Utrecht_; but this Design, which was look'd upon as dangerous to the Liberty of the Republic, miscarry'd, and the Deceased was succeeded by _Theodore van der Kroon_.

[102] What is said throughout this Article, of their Manner of living, must be understood only of the common People, and not of Persons of any distinguished Rank, nor even of the Merchants.

[103] As there is no Dignity superior to that of the Burgomaster, they who attain to it succeed one another in the several Functions, without passing to other Employments: They are the Members of the Council, who are sent to the College of Counsellor-Deputies, or who fill the Posts of Treasurers, _&c._ But the Burgomasters are they who go to the Assemblies of the States of the Province, with the Pensionary or Syndic of the City, who is the Spokesman.

[104] He is since dead.

[105] This Minister was succeeded in 1734, by the Count _d'Uhlefeld_, Son to the Lady who has the chief Direction of the Houshold to the Archduchess, Governess of the _Austrian Netherlands_. He is come to a Post which was so well fill'd before, in a very difficult Juncture, which has given him an Opportunity to discover the great Talents he has for Negotiation. As his Family is one of the best regulated, so it may be said to be one of the most magnificent. The Count _de Sinzendorff_ died suddenly about the End of _September, 1734_, at the Seat of the Count _d'Asperen_, at the very Instant when he was preparing to return to _Vienna_.

[106] These Differences were indeed adjusted during the Time that M. _de Masch_ resided here with a Ministerial Character; but he had no Hand in the Accommodation, it being negotiated only by M. _Luiscius_ the King's Resident, and M. _Duncan_, the Prince of _Orange_'s Privy-Counsellor, or Major-Domo.

[107] Upon the Death of the King of _Poland_, he was confirmed by the new Elector of _Saxony_.

[108] M. _Preys_. He has resided at the _Hague_ for several Years, and was here during the Time of the Ambassador _Palmquist_, whom he Succeeded. He is a Minister of consummate Knowledge in Affairs, and is consulted by others of a more modern Standing, both with Pleasure and Profit.

[109] M. _Greys_ has for several Years had the Care, as Envoy Extraordinary, of the King of Denmark's Interests with the States General. He was bred up to be a Minister at the Altar, but had more Inclination to be a Minister of the Cabinet, in which he succeeded, and is very much esteem'd, but sees very little Company.

[110] This able Minister died in _December, 1736_.

[111] M. _de Keppel_ married the Widow of the late Count _de Welderen_, one of the greatest Men of this Republic, who left three Sons and five Daughters, that are the Ornament of the Nobility of _Guelderland_, and the Darlings of the _Hague_, where Foreigners have an easy and agreeable Access to this Lady's House. M. _de Keppel_, one of the finest Gentlemen of his Time, and one of the bravest Officers of the State, died in 1733, leaving only one Son, who is an Officer in the Horse Guards.

[112] The good Lady died of the Small Pox in 1735 in a very advanced Age. Tho' she had made a Profession of Devotion for a certain time, she had not intirely lost her Taste for Gallantry, in which she certainly out-stripped the Lady _Mazarine_; for she declared herself, that it would be more easy to number the Shells upon the Shore at _Scheveling_, than her Adventures of Gallantry. She never missed her Aim but at one Man, and that was King _Augustus_. She did all she could to engage his Caresses, if not his Affection, but without Success; and every body knows the Adventure of my Lord _Raby_, who having an Amour with the Countess at _Berlin_, surprised her with King _Augustus_ striving to get loose from her close Embraces. Nor is this a Wonder; for tho' the King of _Poland_ did not want Gallantry, yet he was for a Woman of some Politeness, of which the Countess had no Share; for being the Daughter of a Waterman at _Emmeris_, she had not the completed Education. She had Beauty indeed, but was in every other respect a coarse Lady. Nevertheless, during her Residence at the _Hague_, the Youth who had nothing else to employ their Time, constantly reported to her House, and among these she had always some favourite Spark. Every body knows her Intrigues with the famous Count _de F----_; and her Last Will and Testament has render'd several others immortal. You will be surprised to know the End of this Woman, who had been so much talked of, who had regaled so many People in her Time, and to whom every body had easy Access. She dies, is immediately removed out of her Chamber, and put into a Coffin in the Entry of her House, which is sealed up, and she is interred without one of her ungrateful Favourites vouchsafing to attend her Funeral, or indeed any body but the Bearers, and a few Neighbours, who were insulted by the Mob.

[113] The Issue of this Dispute betwixt the Jew and the Anabaptist has been, that the latter has lost the Day, the Comedians being gone. The victorious Jew has hit upon an Expedient to metamorphose his future Opera into a public Concert, which he gives every _Monday_ in the Afternoon, where one sees all the People of Fashion of both Sexes; and there they sing Opera Acts, and the finest _French_ Cantatas.

[114] Of the latter, there died a Baron in _December_, 1736, who was one of the principal Men, and held the greatest Offices of any in the Republic, next to the Grand Pensionary _Slingeland_, whom he survived but a few Days.

[115] M. _de Wassenaar-Twickel_, a Name which he derives from a fine Estate in the Province of _Over-Yssel_, of which he is Deputy.

[116] _William Charles Henry Friso_, Prince of _Orange_, was married _March_ 14. 1734. to the Princess Royal of _Great Britain_.

[117] The Count _d'Auverquerque_ died Velt-Marshal of the Republic, about the End of the Campaign of 1708.

[118] As the History of this extraordinary Man came to the Hands of the Bookseller since the Publication of the first Edition, he thought he should do a Pleasure to the Public, by inserting it in this.

[119] He was executed in _July_, 1734.

[120] Or the _Palace of Orange_ in the Wood at the _Hague_. It was yielded to the Prince of _Orange_ by his Treaty of Partition with the King of _Prussia_.

[121] _Margaret_, Daughter of _Florence_ IV. Count of _Holland_. She was Countess of _Henneberg_.

[122] This belongs also to the Prince of _Orange_.

[123] This is an ignominious Punishment inflicted Abroad for such heinous Offences at deserve neither Banishment, nor Whipping, nor Death. The Criminal who suffers it, stands in a Shirt, with a Rope about the Neck, holding a burning Taper in one Hand, attended by the Executioner, and other inferior Officers of Justice, and in this Posture begs Pardon of the King, of Justice, and the Public, for the Offence committed.

[124] This most Excellent Princess departed this Life the 20th of _Nov._ 1737, to the infinite Regret of the King and Kingdom.

[125] His Governor is the Hon. _Stephen Poyntz_, Esq; and his Preceptor in the learned Languages _Jenkin Thomas Philips_, Esq; formerly Secretary to the Commissioners for the Fifty New Churches, and since preferr'd to be his Majesty's Historiographer.

[126] Her Royal Highness, as is well known, is since married to the Prince of _Orange_.

TRANSCRIBER'S AMENDMENTS

Transcriber's Note: Blank pages have been deleted. On pages that remain, some unnecessary page numbers may have been deleted when they fall in the middle of lists. Some illustrations may have been moved. Footnotes are now immediately preceding this note. We have rendered consistent on a per-word-pair basis the hyphenation or spacing of such pairs when repeated in the same grammatical context. We have corrected inconsistencies in the application of accents to the same word when repeated in the same grammatical context. Paragraph formatting has been made consistent. The publisher's inadvertent omissions of important punctuation have been corrected. A table of contents has been added. 'OE' and 'oe' have replaced the respective ligatures.

The following list indicates any additional changes. The page number represents that of the original publication and applies in this etext except for footnotes since they have been moved.

Page Change

7 the Condu ctof[Conduct of] the Popes, 8 not a Man spoke a Work[Word]. 9 in a Posture of Astonish mentat[Astonishment at] the Appearance 17 proclaimed Pope on _Wedcesday[Wednesday]_ the 12th 20 After this, th y[they] went all, both Cardinals and Prelates 87 {footnote} _Sebastian_ was Grandon[Grandson] of _John_ III. 110 intituled[intitled] Captain of the Appeals; 122 chief Lackeys of the Cardinals rideing[riding] 202 the famous Story of _Maria Aliacoque[Alacoque]_, a celebrated 208 as she allighted[alighted] from the Coach, 222 Assistance from the King his Maste[Master]: 225 {footnote} Et lui southaite[souhaite] un bon voyage. 229 intent upon carrrying[carrying] his Point, 232 Count _Sinzendorf's[Sinzendorff's]_ coming from _Vienna_ 244 a Madness which was co-temporary[contemporary], 264 After her Death, the Duke de _Noalies[Noailles]_ became 292 General of the Coriers[Couriers], Posts and Relays 294 about their Master's Preeminency[Pre-eminency]. 309 and lives very handsomly[handsomely], 309 but lives handsomly[handsomely] upon what he has 313 The Inhabitants have a livid unwholsome[unwholesome] Complexion. 351 His Disbursments[Disbursements] seem to me to be very moderate 359 _Paul Veronese_, _Tintoret_, _Corregio[Correggio]_, 376 are commonly employed as Tresurers[Treasurers] of the City, 389 and the _Amsterdamers[Amsterdammers]_ themselves cannot 419 a young Man of an unblamable[unblameable] Behaviour; 425 of the _Franche Comte[Comté]_. The Republic 443 that of being sollicited[solicited] by the Person in Disgrace Index _Churchil[Churchill], Arabella_, 257. Index Womens Houses, and the great Emoluments of Gameing[Gaming], Index _Hagendorp[Hogendorp]_, M. 413. Index _Lewid'ors[Lewis d'Ors]_, worn in a Lady's Ears for Pendants Index _Peyronie[Peyrome]_, _la_, Surgeon, 292. Index _Popes_, the Days on which he[the] Cardinals kiss Index _Rochebone[Rochebonne]_, M. Archbishop of _Lyons_, 174, 176. Index _Terasson[Terrasson]_, Abbé, 243. Index _Tintorit[Tintoret]_, Painter, 359. Index _Tourlane[Touraine], la_, 216. Index _Walpot[Walpol]_, Baron _de_, 350. Index His Conduct in the _Cevennios[Cevennois]_ and in Index _Wassienaurs[Wassenaars]_, of _Holland_, 412. Index _William_ l. Pr. of _Orange_'s Assasination[Assassination], 425. Index Disputes adjusted relateing[relating] to his Succession,

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