Chapter One

Early Middle Ages: Latin Hymns of The Fourth Century

[1.] Jerome, _Liber de viris illustribus_, 100 (_MPL_ 23, 699).

[2.] _Hilarius autem, Gallus episcopus Pictaviensis, eloquentia conspicuus, hymnorum carmine floruit primus. De ecclesiasticis officiis 1_, 6 (_MPL_ 83, 743).

[3.] W. N. Myers, _The Hymns of Saint Hilary of Poitiers in the Codex Aretinus_ (Phila., Un. of Penn., 1928) 12, 29, 53, 67. For a discussion of other hymns attributed to Hilary, see p. 14; also A. S. Walpole, _Early Latin Hymns_ (Cambridge, 1922) 1-4. Translations by W. N. Myers.

[4.] _Antiphonary of Bangor_, edited by F. E. Warren, _Henry Bradshaw Society Publications_, vols. 4, 10 (London, 1893, 1895). For discussion of authorship see vol. 10, 36.

[5.] Or perhaps Treves.

[6.] Augustine, _Confessions_ 9, 7 (_MPL_ 32, 770). Translation from _Confessions of S. Augustine, Ancient and Modern Library of Theol. Literature_ (London, 1886).

[7.] Translations of first lines: W. J. Copeland, C. Bigg, R. E. Messenger, J. M. Neale.

[8.] Translations of first lines: J. M. Neale, E. Caswall.

[9.] Translations of first lines: J. M. Neale, H. M. Jones, R. E. Messenger, S. Hurlbut.

[10.] Myers, _op. cit._ (see note 3) 18-22.

[11.] G. Reese_, Music in the Middle Ages_ (New York, 1940) 104.

[12.] Caelius Sedulius, 5th C., an early imitator of Ambrose, wrote a well-known alphabetic hymn, _A solis ortus cardine_.