CHAPTER III. The izze-kloth or medicine cord of the

Apache 550

Analogues to be found among the Aztecs, Peruvians, and others 558

The magic wind-knotted cords of the Lapps and others 560

Rosaries and other mnemonic cords 561

The sacred cords of the Parsis and Brahmans 563

Use of cords and knots and girdles in parturition 570

"Medidas," "measuring cords," "wresting threads," etc. 572

Unclassified superstitions upon this subject 575

The medicine hat 580

The spirit or ghost dance headdress 585

Amulets and talismans 587

The "tzi-daltai" 587

Chalchihuitl 588

Phylacteries 591

Bibliography 596

ILLUSTRATIONS.

PLATE Page.

III. Scalp shirt of Little Big Man 476

IV. Necklace of human fingers 480

V. Apache medicine hat used in ghost or spirit dance 586

VI. Apache medicine shirt 588

VII. Apache medicine shirt 590

VIII. Apache medicine shirt 592

FIG.

429. Medicine arrow used by Apache and Pueblo women 468

430. Rhombus of the Apache 477

431. Rhombus of the Apache 478

432. The scratch stick and drinking reed 494

433. Bag containing hoddentin 500

434. Nan-ta-do-tash's medicine hat 503

435. Single-strand medicine cord (Zuñi) 550

436. Four-strand medicine cord (Apache) 551

437. Three-strand medicine cord (Apache) 552

438. Two-strand medicine cord 553

439. Four-strand medicine cord (Apache) 554

440. Apache war bonnet 581

441. Ghost dance headdress 582

442. Apache kan or gods (Drawn by Apache) 586

443. Tzi-daltai amulets (Apache) 587

444. Tzi-daltai amulet (Apache) 588

445. Tzi-daltai amulet (Apache) 589

446. Tzi-daltai amulet (Apache) 589

447. Phylacteries 592

448. Apache medicine sash 593

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.

WASHINGTON, D. C., _February 27, 1891_.

SIR: Herewith I have the honor to submit a paper upon the paraphernalia of the medicine-men of the Apache and other tribes.

Analogues have been pointed out, wherever possible, especially in the case of the hoddentin and the izze-kloth, which have never to my knowledge previously received treatment.

Accompanying the paper is a bibliography of the principal works cited.

I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,

JOHN G. BOURKE, _Captain, Third Cavalry, U. S. Army_.

Hon. J. W. POWELL, _Director Bureau of Ethnology_.

THE MEDICINE-MEN OF THE APACHE.

BY JOHN G. BOURKE.