PART TWO

Chapter 2525,470 wordsPublic domain

NOTES ON HOSPITAL PATRON SAINTS

“_Hospitals . . . founded to the honour of God and of His glorious Mother._” (Parliament of Leicester.)

The words “GOD’S HOUSE,” and “MAISON DIEU” were familiar enough in mediæval England. A hospital was the house of God, for therein Christ was received in the person of the needy:—“I was a stranger and ye took Me in, sick, and ye visited Me.” It was also built in His Name and to His honour, for the principle underlying all dedications was, says Hooker, that they “were consecrated unto none but the Lord only.” But with God’s Name that of one of His saints was often associated, and by this the hospital was commonly called; thus a charter of Basingstoke ran:—“I have given and granted to God and to the glorious Virgin His Mother, and to my venerable patron St. John the Baptist the house called St. John.”

THE HOLY TRINITY.—Hospitals bearing this title are not very numerous, though it often occurs as first of a group. There are a few single dedications early in the thirteenth century, which may be partly attributed to the institution of the Feast of Trinity by St. Thomas of Canterbury. Two hundred years later it was a fairly common [p245] dedication for almshouses. The seals depict various symbols. The “majesty” representing the Three Persons, occurs at Walsoken; the Almighty seated upon a rainbow (Salisbury); our Lord enthroned (Berkeley); whilst a triple cross ornaments the Dunwich seal. Bonde’s almsmen at Coventry bore upon their gowns “the cognizance of the Trinity.”

THE HOLY SAVIOUR; CHRIST; CORPUS CHRISTI.—The Second Person of the Godhead is seldom commemorated, but the dedication to the Blessed Trinity was regarded as synonymous, for the almshouse at Arundel occurs indifferently as Christ’s or Holy Trinity. The Maison Dieu at York, commonly called Trinity, was properly that of the Holy Jesus—or Christ—and the Blessed Virgin, and the chantry certificate is headed “The Hospital of the Name of Jhesus and Our Blessyd Ladye.” St. Saviour was the invocation of houses at Norwich and Bury, and the fair in connection with the latter charity was held at the feast of the Transfiguration. “Y^e masendew of Chryste” at Kingston-upon-Hull was originally “Corpus Christi,” but it is remarkable to find that rarely-preserved dedication-name upon an Elizabethan table of rules. The seal of the Holloway hospital, near London, shows Christ (with the orb) and St. Anthony.

THE HOLY GHOST.—This sacred title, closely associated with the mediæval charities of Germany and famous in Rome, was rarely used in England. At Sandon (Surrey) was a hospital “commonly called of the Holy Ghost,”[158] though an alternative name occurs. A hidden dedication is sometimes revealed, for the houses usually known as St. Thomas’, Canterbury, St. Margaret’s, Taunton, [p246] St. John’s, Warwick, and St. John’s, Hereford, are mentioned once in documents as being built in honour of the Holy Ghost as well as of the saints named; all the above instances refer to the years 1334–1353. At Lyme there was the suggestive commemoration of the “Blessed Virgin and Holy Spirit.”

THE ANNUNCIATION; ST. GABRIEL; ST. MICHAEL; THE HOLY ANGELS.—Two fourteenth-century foundations at Leicester and Nottingham commemorate the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin. The seal of the former house depicts St. Gabriel delivering his salutation. A kindred thought underlies the dedication “to our lady St. Mary the Mother of Christ and to St. Gabriel the Archangel” at Brough. (It is noteworthy that the parish church was St. Michael’s.) Another institution, built by Bishop Bronescombe of Exeter, who had a special devotion to the Archangel, left its name to Clist Gabriel. The more ancient dedication to St. Michael occurs at Whitby and elsewhere in Yorkshire. Michael de la Pole founded an almshouse at Kingston-upon-Hull, partly in honour of “St. Michael the Archangel and all archangels, angels and holy spirits.” A fraternity at Brentford commemorated “The Nine Orders of Holy Angels,” and in the Valor it is termed _hospitalis Angelorum_.

THE BLESSED VIRGIN; THE THREE KINGS OF COLOGNE; THE HOLY INNOCENTS.—The statement referring to hospitals in general as “founded to the honour of God and of His glorious Mother” explains more than one difficult point. First, numerous as are the dedications to St. Mary, they are fewer than those of some other saints, for instance, St. Mary Magdalene. Secondly, a certain number of houses are set down as having two patrons, yet the second [p247] saint appears to eclipse the Blessed Virgin; that of Newport in Essex (given as St. Mary and St. Leonard) usually bore St. Leonard’s name and kept its fair on his festival. In many such cases there was in truth no double dedication; and although gifts were made by charter to found a hospital at Bristol “in honour of God, St. Mary and St. Mark”, later documents omit the formula and call it “the house of St. Mark.”

On the other hand many houses were dedicated solely in honour of the Blessed Virgin, including five important institutions in London alone. In addition to St. Mary (without Bishopsgate), St. Mary of Roncevalles (Charing Cross) and Our Lady of Elsyng (Cripplegate), there was St. Mary’s hospital or the House of Converts,—a witness to the doctrine of the Incarnate Christ,—and St. Mary of Bethlehem, a name chosen on account of the founder’s intense reverence for the holy Nativity. Stow quotes the deed of gift made by Simon, “son of Mary”:—

“having speciall and singulor deuotion to the Church of the glorious Virgin at Bethlehem, where the same Virgin brought forth our Saviour incarnate . . . and where [to] the same Child to us there borne, the Chiualrie of the heavenly Company sang the new Hymne _Gloria in excelsis Deo_.”

The Holy Innocents were commemorated in the ancient leper-house outside Lincoln. The existing chapel of an almshouse in Bristol built “in the honour of God and the Three Kings of Cologne” (Leland’s _fanam trium regum_) is the sole witness in the way of dedication in England to the veneration of the Magi. The title is said to have been the choice of an Abbot of Tewkesbury at the close of the fifteenth century. [p248]

HOLY CROSS AND HOLY SEPULCHRE.—Names commemorating the Death and Burial of the Saviour are not infrequent. The history of St. Cross, Winchester, touches that of the Knights of Jerusalem, with whom both name and badge are connected. (See p. 207.) On the common seal the master and priests are shown kneeling at the foot of the Cross; the descent from the Cross is depicted upon the walls of the church. This dedication is also appropriately associated with the hospitals usually known as St. Mary Magdalene’s at Stourbridge and near Bath, the fairs of which houses were held on the festivals of the Invention and Exaltation of the Holy Cross. The chapel of St. Thomas of Acon in Cheapside—under the Knights Templars—was dedicated to St. Cross. The church attached to St. Bartholomew’s, Smithfield, was probably named out of veneration for the relics of “the tree of life” which the founder used in healing (see p. 95); and once exemptions were granted “out of the king’s reverence for the Holy Cross, in honour of which the church of the hospital of St. Bartholomew is dedicated.”[159]

The connection between St. Helen and the Holy Cross is best told in reference to the hospital at Colchester. Although authentic records only carry its history back to 1251, an illustrious antiquity is claimed in an episcopal indulgence purporting to be issued about 1406. The tradition is quoted (but with modernized spelling) from the _Antiquarian Repertory_:—

“Moreover, in the year of our Lord 670, Constantine, the son of the blessed and holy woman Saint Elyn, sent his mother unto Jerusalem to inquire of the Holy Cross that our Saviour Christ Jesu died upon, likewise as it was shewed to him by [p249] token in the air and also by revelation of the Holy Ghost. Then the holy woman, seeing the Will of Almighty God, departed out of the town of Colchester where she was born (there where the said hospital is founded in the honour of Almighty God, the holy Cross and St. Elyn) and took her journey unto Jerusalem and there . . . did win the same Cross. . . . Then the holy victorious woman gave laud and loving to God and took one part of the Holy Cross and closed it with gold and sent it to her hospital to Colchester evermore to be abiding, with her ring, her girdle, and her purse, with other 24 curious reliques.”

Finally, after relating a visit of St. Thomas of Canterbury to that house, the story of the relic, inciting to devotion, pilgrimage visits and contributions, is brought up to date:—

“Also in the year of our Lord 1401, there came thieves unto the hospital by night and brake up the locks where the glorious relique was, and took it away . . . then they took the blessed Holy Cross (as it was, closed in gold the weight of 21 ounces) and cast it into the pond, but it would not sink . . . and so the folks that did pursue took it up and brought it home to the place again.”

This Colchester foundation was associated with the gild of St. Cross (p. 18) and other gilds of that name maintained charities at Stratford-on-Avon, Abingdon and Hedon. In the latter place the hospital of St. Sepulchre gave its title to Newton St. Sepulchre. There were pilgrim-houses at Nottingham and Stamford with the same dedication.

ST. JOHN BAPTIST, ST. MARY MAGDALENE AND ST. LAZARUS.—The cult of these saints is intertwined with the history of the Religious Military Orders of Jerusalem. The work of the Knights Hospitallers was to care for sick and [p250] needy pilgrims. They maintained two important infirmaries at Jerusalem, St. John’s for men, and St. Mary Magdalene’s for women. Grateful guests returning from pilgrimage bore the report of these houses far and wide; thus it came to pass that, throughout Europe, hospitals unconnected with the order were founded, and by force of association consecrated in honour of these saints. That of St. John Baptist, Lechlade, is referred to in one deed as “St. John of Jerusalem.” Such “houses of St. John” were usually for travellers. One writer remarks that almost every town had a place to accommodate the sick and wayfarers, and that they “were invariably dedicated to St. John Baptist in connection with his wandering life.” Although this saint did not monopolize the protection of strangers, he was certainly adopted as patron by some hundred hospitals (excluding commanderies of the Order of St. John).

Lanfranc’s foundation in his cathedral city was placed by him under the patronage of St. John Baptist, on one of whose festivals (August 29) the archbishop had been consecrated. The hospital at Thetford kept a fair on that day called “The Decollation of St. John Baptist”; but the lepers of Harting celebrated their wake on June 24, “The Nativity of St. John Baptist.” The strange customs connected with this latter festival were especially observed in houses of which he was patron; in memory of St. John Baptist it was usual at Sherborne for a garland to be hung up on Midsummer Eve at the door of St. John’s, which the almsmen watched till morning.

Seals usually depict the saint with his symbol of the Holy Lamb; sometimes he points to a scroll (_Ecce Agnus Dei_). In two instances (Banbury and Bristol) a patriarchal [p251] cross, one of the symbols of the Knights Hospitallers, is shown; this double-armed cross is likewise found on the gable of St. John’s, Northampton, where it is considered a unique architectural feature.

St. Lazarus became the guardian of lepers partly through the influence of the Order whose aim was to relieve the sick, and especially the leprous, members of their brotherhood. They were introduced into England in Stephen’s reign, when the hospital of the Blessed Virgin and St. Lazarus was founded at Burton, afterwards known as Burton St. Lazarus. The seal of this house depicts a bishop carrying in one hand a fork or trident,[160] in the other a book; Dugdale ascribes the figure to St. Augustine, but Mr. de Gray Birch attributes the mitred effigy to St. Lazarus, traditional Bishop of Marseilles. Of the other dedications to St. Lazarus little is known, some being of doubtful authenticity.

The question naturally arises—why were lepers called _lazars_ in common parlance, and why was _Lazarus_ chosen as their patron? A curious confusion of ideas is revealed. The original person intended was he who lay full of sores at the rich man’s gate. The banner of a Flemish lazaretto displays scenes from the life of this Lazarus, who appears clad as a mediæval leper, and carries a clapper.[161] The same idea was familiar in England. David of Huntingdon having founded a leper-house, Aelred the chronicler prays at his death:—“Receive his soul into the bosom of Abraham with Lazarus whom he did not despise but cherished.” A similar allusion occurs in Langland’s [p252] _Piers the Plowman_: “And ich loked in hus lappe · a lazar lay ther-ynne.” The _lazarus ulceribus plenus_ of the allegory, however, soon became associated with the historical Lazarus of Bethany. Thus a colony of north-country lepers dwelt in Sherburn hospital founded “in honour of the Saviour, the Blessed Virgin, St. Lazarus, and his sisters Mary and Martha.” This dedication was abbreviated into St. Mary Magdalene, and the principal altar was in her honour. St. Mary Magdalene, universally identified with St. Mary of Bethany, was thus commonly involved in the curious double personality of St. Lazarus. In England, she was the most popular of leper-patrons, no one save St. Leonard attaining to half her number of dedications. We are told that St. Lazarus held this place in France, St. James in central Europe, St. George in the North; but in England, the Magdalene was supreme. The “Maudlin-house” was almost synonymous with leper-hospital. Place-names testify to the devotion of our forefathers to St. Mary Magdalene, and in several places “Mawdlyn lands” mark the site of a leper-colony.

ST. BARTHOLOMEW had sixteen hospitals in England, chiefly in the South. An old hymn, quoted by Dr. Norman Moore, describes the Apostle’s medical powers. “Lepers he cleanses”—and to him were dedicated ancient lazar-houses at Rochester, Oxford, Dover, etc. “The sick [p253] he restores”—the Apostle having appeared to Rahere, sick with fever in Rome (perhaps, it is suggested, upon the island of St. Bartholomew in the Tiber), he builds upon his recovery a house of healing near London, which for nearly eight hundred years has been a place of restoration. “The lunatic are made whole”—and the _Book of the Foundation_ tells of such a cure at St. Bartholomew’s:—

“ther yn a shorte space his witte was recoueryd, where a litill tyme he taried, blessyng God that to his apostles hath uouchsaf to commytte his excellent power, to hele syke, to clense lepers, and to caste owte feendys.”

At St. Bartholomew’s, Oxford, a relic was treasured, namely, a portion of the saint’s skin. The legend of his martyrdom is depicted upon the seal of the Gloucester foundation, and he is shown knife in hand on the Rochester seal. (Tail-piece of this chapter.)

ST. JAMES.—Of all the Apostles, St. James has the largest number of hospitals, namely, twenty-six partly or wholly dedicated to him. This is doubtless due to the fact that his shrine at Compostella was the goal of Christendom, and the miracles of “Santiago” world-famous. St. James’, Northallerton, was named as the direct result of a pilgrimage to Compostella in the year 1200 by Philip, Bishop of Durham. Several ports (Dunwich, Seaford, Shoreham) had houses in his honour. Hospital seals depict the saint as a pilgrim, with water-bottle and scrip, whilst one shows the token of escallop shells.

ST. JAMES & ST. JOHN.—Whereas there was apparently no parish in England commemorating the brother-apostles, three hospitals (Aynho, Royston, and Brackley) bore this double name. About Brackley, indeed, there is some [p254] uncertainty. It occurs as “St. John and St. James” (1226), “St. James and St. John Apostle” (1227); but also as “St. John Baptist” (1301, 1471). The seal shows two figures, of which one scantily clad and bearing a palm suggests the Baptist.

ST. JOHN EVANGELIST & ST. JOHN BAPTIST appear in conjunction at Exeter, Sherborne, Newport Pagnell, Northampton, and Leicester. The original and usual title at Exeter was St. John Baptist; but in 1354 Bishop John de Grandisson, a benefactor, mentions “St. John the Baptist and Fore-runner of Christ and St. John His Evangelist and Apostle.” The seal of Northampton shows both saints with their symbols, and the appellations BAPTI and EWA are placed over the figures. On the Leicester seal the eagle of the Apostle is shown, and the scroll in its talons may represent the _Ecce Agnus Dei_. When “St. John” occurs, the dedication commonly proves to be to the Baptist; and even where the Evangelist is expressly named, some later document reverts to his namesake, e.g. Blyth, Burford, Castle Donington, Cirencester.

ST. MATTHEW, ST. MARK, and ST. LUKE were not uncommemorated. “The house of St. Matthew” at Maiden Bradley, which occurs on one Patent Roll (1242), was commonly called St. Mary’s; the double dedication is mentioned in the Obituary Roll of Prior Elchester of Durham (1484), viz.: _Eccles. B. Mar. et S. Math. Ap._ The fair, granted [p255] in 1215, was upon the vigil and feast of St. Matthew the Apostle. The name of St. Mark’s, Bristol, is preserved in the existing chapel of the hospital; the seal (Fig. 33) shows the saint writing his gospel, the lion by his side. “The lepers of St. Luke the Evangelist at the bridge-end of Beghton” are mentioned in 1334, but the locality is not identified. There was also a hospital of St. Luke at Gorleston.

ST. ANDREW; _St. Thomas_; ST. STEPHEN.—There were dedications to St. Andrew at Flixton, Denwall, Cokesford, and Hythe. It seems probable that the last named was a re-foundation of St. Bartholomew’s, for “St. Andrew” only occurs during the few years following its restoration by Hamo, Bishop of Rochester, of which See that saint was patron. It is improbable that any of the hospitals of St. Thomas were under the patronage of that Apostle, although Tanner erroneously gives an instance at Birmingham. They sprang up when St. Thomas the Martyr of Canterbury was of paramount popularity. The ambiguous “St. Thomas-on-the-Green” at Sherborne, for example, is referred to by Leland as the “free chapel of Thomas Becket.” St. Stephen, the almoner of the Early Church, was the appropriate patron of several houses of charity, including three in the eastern counties. One was at Bury St. Edmunds, where there were preserved in the abbey “certain drops of St. Stephen’s blood which sprung from him at such time as he was stoned.” The seals of Norwich and Hempton show their patron respectively as martyr and minister.

ST. PAUL THE APOSTLE; ST. PAUL THE HERMIT; ST. PETER; ST. PETRONILLA.—Although St. Peter and St. Paul are commemorated in hundreds of parish-churches, their [p256] hospitals number only nine, including those in York and London which were adjuncts of cathedrals and borrowed their dedication-names. At Norwich, St. Paul the Hermit was associated with his namesake. St. Peter and his daughter St. Petronilla were patrons of leper-houses for priests and maidens at Bury St. Edmunds. The virgin saint was famous locally and the skull of St. Petronilla or Pernell, which was preserved in the abbey, was considered efficacious in sickness. Indeed, the eastern counties were rich in her relics, for a casket from the treasury of a Norwich priory, lent to Henry III, contained, it was said, “of St. Petronella, one piece.”

ST. CLEMENT; ST. LAWRENCE.—There were dedications to the Bishop of Rome in Oxford, Norwich and Hoddesdon. On one seal, the last-named house is called “the hospital of St. Clement” (Fig. 34), upon another “of St. Anthony”; both depict not only the hermit but a mitred saint in vestments, with hammer and horse-shoe. The connection with the forge is not clear, but St. Clement is referred to as patron of ironworkers in Sussex, and of blacksmiths in Hampshire. He was popularly regarded rather as the seamen’s saint, and was invoked by mariners of a fraternity of St. Clement connected with St. Bartholomew’s hospital, Bristol. St. Lawrence the deacon, whose liberality [p257] towards the sick and poor was proverbial, was guardian of twelve hospitals, chiefly for lepers. This beloved martyr of Rome was venerated in Canterbury, and the lepers dependent upon St. Augustine’s Abbey were under his protection on a site now marked by St. Lawrence’s Cricket Ground. “Lawrence Hill,” Bristol, also preserves the memory of a leper-house. The old seal of St. Lawrence’s, Bodmin, shows the martyr with his gridiron.

ST. NICHOLAS.—The dedications in this name amount to twenty-nine, eleven being in Yorkshire. St. Nicholas’, leper-house, Harbledown, was founded by the Italian Lanfranc, whose native land had just acquired the bones of the benevolent bishop, translated to Bari in 1087. The hospitals of Royston and Bury St. Edmunds kept their fairs at the festival of his “Translation.” So great was his popularity that Miss Arnold-Forster remarks that if any dedication to St. Nicholas could be traced in Derbyshire, he would have the distinction of being found in every county. This one lack among the parish churches to which she refers, is supplied by the existence of a hospital in his honour at Chesterfield, and of an almshouse chapel at Alkmonton.

ST. ANTHONY.—Whereas few churches were consecrated in memory of this hermit, twenty-one houses of charity were partly or wholly dedicated to him. His aid was invoked when pestilence (_feu sacré_) wasted France, and the initiation of the Order of St. Anthony spread his fame. The French priory at Lenton maintained a hospital for “such as were troubled with St. Anthony’s fire,” i.e. erysipelas. An indulgence offered to contributors towards St. Anthony’s in London refers to inmates “of whom [p258] some are so tortured and scorched by burnings as of the pit, that being deprived of all use of their limbs, they seem to be rather horrible deformities than human beings.” The saint was invoked against contagion and all diseases. In England most of his foundations were for lepers. One of the latest lazar-houses (Holloway, 1473) had a chapel of St. Anthony; but the full title on the seal is “Holy Jesus and St. Anthony.”

The seals of the London, Hoddesdon, and Holloway hospitals (Figs. 30, 34) show St. Anthony with his tau cross, bell, and pig. When it was forbidden for swine to roam in the streets, the Antonine monks retained the right to turn out their pigs, which were distinguished by a bell. Although the York hospital was not under the Order, the master claimed one pig out of every litter. As late as 1538, when the London house of St. Anthony had been appropriated to Windsor, licence was given “to collect and receive the alms of the faithful, given in honour of God and St. Anthony, . . . together with swine and other beasts.”

ST. AUGUSTINE; ST. BENEDICT; ST. BERNARD.—Whether the “hospital for lepers of St. Augustine” at Newport (Isle of Wight) should be considered a true dedication is hard to say; like the “Papey” in London it may merely have been a community under the Austin Rule. A leper-house in Norwich bore the name of St. Bennet’s; although situated in St. Benedict’s parish, this must be regarded as a genuine dedication, for the common seal depicts the patron. “St. Nicholas and St. Bernard’s” at Hornchurch took its designation from the Great St. Bernard in Savoy. (See p. 209.) [p259]

ST. JULIAN THE HOSPITALLER was a singularly appropriate guardian. Gervase of Southampton was himself following the example of St. Julian when he turned his home into a resting-place for travellers. Leland refers to God’s House, Southampton, as “dedicate to Saynct Juliane the Bisshop,” but it was rather the “good harbourer” who was renowned in mediæval England. The saint has been depicted in art helping a leprous youth out of the ferryboat and welcoming him to his house. (Pl. XXIX.) At the passage of the river at Thetford was a hospital, the chapel of which commemorated St. Julian; and the leper-house near St. Albans was in his honour.

ST. ALEXIS.—The story of Alexis himself is some clue to the unique dedication found at Exeter. He forsook his home for many years, and when at last he returned he was recognized by no one, but his parents welcomed the ragged stranger for the sake of their wandering son. St. Alexis was therefore regarded as the patron of mendicants.

ST. GEORGE AND ST. CHRISTOPHER.—There were hospitals of St. George at Tavistock and Shrewsbury; the latter gave his name to one of the gates and contributed his cross to the arms of the town. That of Yeovil was dedicated to “St. George and St. Christopher the Martyrs”; each pensioner was to wear upon his breast a red cross “as a sign and in honour of St. George the Martyr, patron of the house of alms.” The squire of Thame put his bedemen under the care of St. Christopher, as is set forth upon his tomb:—

“that founded in the church of Thame a chantrie, vi pore men and a fraternitye, In the worship of Seynt Cristofore to be relevid in perpetuyte.” [p260]

ST. MARGARET; ST. KATHERINE; ST. URSULA.—There are eighteen houses in honour of St. Margaret, and they are chiefly for lepers. It is possible that in the case of Huntingdon the name may enshrine the memory of the saintly lady of Scotland, who died in 1093, although, it is true, she was not canonized until 1250; her son, David of Huntingdon, built St. John’s in that town, and he may have founded St. Margaret’s, of which his daughter and grandson were benefactors. The hospitals dedicated to St. Katherine also number about eighteen. That royal saint was chosen by Stephen’s queen as the protector of her charitable foundation for women. Katharine of Aragon obtained for this house a gift of relics, including part of the tomb of the saint sent by the Pope, “out of respect for the Hospital of St. Katharine.” The seal of this house and of that at Bristol (Fig. 35) show the saint crowned, [p261] with sword and wheel, and the latter device was also worn on the habit. Wigston’s hospital, Leicester, was named “St. Ursula and St. Catherine.” Bonville’s almshouse at Exeter includes in its unique dedication St. Ursula’s famed companions; it was in honour of “The Blessed Virgin, the Eleven Thousand Virgins and St. Roch.”

ST. ANNE; ST. HELEN.—The mother of the Blessed Virgin was commemorated at Ripon, and together with other saints at Norwich, Oakham, Stoke-by-Newark, Brentford and Hereford. St. Helen, the mother of Constantine, had hospitals at Derby and Braceford, besides that alluded to under the title “Holy Cross.”

SAINTS OF FRANCE

ST. LEONARD.—The attitude of France to this hermit-saint was one of deep devotion. Our Norman kings and nobles shared this veneration. Foundations bearing his name at Chesterfield, Derby, Lancaster and Nottingham, had privileges in the adjoining royal forests; and St. Leonard’s, Launceston, was dependent on the Duchy. The hospital at Northampton showed a crown upon its seal, and that of York (re-dedicated to this saint by Stephen) bore the arms of England. St. Leonard’s, Alnwick, was erected on the spot where the Scottish king Malcolm fell. This saint had a reputation as a healer: “il était le médecin des infirmes.” Some fifty-five charitable foundations had St. Leonard for patron; they were mainly for lepers, and in certain counties (notably Derby and Northampton) even St. Mary Magdalene had to give place to him in this capacity. [p262] The “Hospital of St. Leonard the Confessor” in Bedford was revived twenty years ago by a band of brothers who met on St. Leonard’s Day and resolved to restore the lapsed memory of this patron saint.

ST. GILES; ST. THEOBALD.—The houses of St. Giles number about twenty-five. The chief one was that “in the fields” near London. He was the cripples’ (and therefore the lepers’) patron, partly because he himself suffered from lameness, and partly on account of the legend of the wounded hart which fled to him, an incident depicted upon seals at Norwich, Wilton and Kepier. Another French hermit, St. Theobald, shares the dedication of the leper-house at Tavistock with St. Mary Magdalene.

ST. DENYS; ST. MARTIN; ST. LEGER; ST. LAUD; ST. ELIGIUS.—The hospital at Devizes built by the Bishop of Salisbury was in honour of St. James and St. Denys; the fair granted to the lepers was held on the vigil and day of St. Dionysius. The charitable St. Martin occurs, with or without St. John Baptist, at Piriho. St. Leger was commemorated at Grimsby. St. Laud (or Lo) is an alternative patron at Hoddesdon. St. Eligius (or Eloy) was venerated in houses at York, Stoke-upon-Trent, Cambridge and Hereford.

ST. LOUIS; ST. ROCH.—These unique dedications are welcome among our patron saints. That to the saintly king occurs in the Ely Registers, contributions being invited in 1393 towards a chapel newly constructed at Brentford (_Braynford_) in honour of the Blessed Anne and St. Louis (_Ludovicus_) with houses for the reception of travellers. St. Roch, who ministered to the plague-stricken of Italian hospitals in the fourteenth century, [p263] was commemorated at Bonville’s almshouse in Exeter, Rock Lane being a reminder of its chapel of St. Roch.

SAINTS OF ENGLAND

ST. OSWALD; ST. WULSTAN.—One hospital at Worcester “beareth the name of St. Oswald as a thinge dedicate of ould tyme to him.” (See p. 2.) The foundation of the other is ascribed to St. Wulstan himself. The house grew in importance after the saint’s canonization in the year 1203, which followed a fresh display of miracles at his shrine. The possession of the faithful bishop’s famous staff was disputed between hospital and priory.[162]

The common seal shows the patron in the act of benediction, staff in hand.

ST. GODWALD; ST. DAVID.—The chapel of St. Wulstan’s was dedicated to St. Godwald. “Some say he was a bishop” is Leland’s commentary. Miss Arnold-Forster identifies him with Gulval, hermit-bishop in Wales. St. David, the Welsh Archbishop (canonized 1120), was commemorated at Kingsthorpe, by Northampton, the house being frequently called “St. Dewi’s.”

_St. Brinstan_; ST. CHAD; _St. Cuthbert_, _etc._—Although Leland had read that “St. Brinstane foundid an hospitale at Winchester,” nothing is known of it. “Here is a hospital of St. Chadde,” he remarks at Shrewsbury, referring to the church and almshouse. Two dedications sometimes ascribed to St. Cuthbert, namely at Gateshead and Greatham, within “the patrimony of St. Cuthbert,” hardly justify his inclusion among patrons, although he is named in the deed of gift. The same may be said [p264] of documentary allusions to St. Erkenwald, St. Hilda and St. Richard in connection with foundations at Ilford, Whitby and Chichester.

ST. ETHELBERT; ST. EDMUND, KING & MARTYR; ST. EDMUND, ARCHBISHOP & CONFESSOR.—The royal Ethelbert and Edmund are included among our saints. St. Ethelbert’s, Hereford, is attached to the cathedral and shares its patron. In the case of the ten houses of St. Edmund, it is not always possible to determine whether the Saxon king is intended or Edmund Rich, Archbishop of Canterbury. The “spital on the street” in Lincolnshire and the hospital by Doncaster Bridge were in honour of the royal martyr; whilst those of Leicester and Windeham commemorated the archbishop, the latter being founded by his devoted friend, St. Richard of Chichester, who had recently attended the solemn “Translation” at Pontigny.

St. Edmund’s, Gateshead, has puzzled historians because the designations vary between King, Archbishop, Bishop and Confessor. Surtees and others concluded that all had reference to one foundation, but Mr. J. R. Boyle proves that there were two with distinct endowments, and that both chapels were standing a century ago. Now it is recorded that Nicholas of Farnham was the founder of that of “St. Edmund the Bishop.” A sidelight is thrown upon the subject by Matthew Paris, whose narrative of the miraculous recovery of Nicholas in 1244 through the agency of St. Edmund has escaped the notice of local topographers. The emaciated sick man bade farewell and received the last rites when he was restored by the application of a relic of the archbishop. From this incident it seems likely that the hospital was a [p265] votive offering and that it was consecrated soon after Archbishop Edmund was enrolled among the saints. The papal letter of canonization (1246) describes his beautiful character and the miraculous events which followed his death. When it declares that “he healed the swelling dropsy by reducing the body to smaller dimensions,” the allusion is surely to the recent recovery of Bishop Nicholas, who had been suffering from that infirmity.

ST. THOMAS THE MARTYR OF CANTERBURY was believed to surpass all others in powers of healing. His miracles were usually wrought by means of water mixed with a drop of the martyr’s blood; this was carried away in a leaden _ampulla_, and its contents worked wonders. (See Fig. 8.) Others would purchase a “sign,” upon which was announced in Latin:—“For good people that are sick Thomas is the best of physicians.” (Fig. 36.) Many of these pilgrims to Canterbury lodged in the hospital of [p266] St. Thomas (Pl. II), said to have been founded by the archbishop himself, whose martyrdom is depicted on the walls of the hall. The chapel was dedicated to his special patron, the Blessed Virgin. St. Thomas’, Southwark, also claimed him as founder, and two other houses were intimately connected with him. One was Becket’s early home in Cheapside, enlarged by his sister Agnes and her husband, whose charter grants land “formerly belonging to Gilbert Becket, father of the blessed Thomas the Martyr . . . being the birthplace of the blessed martyr.” Privileges were accorded to it long afterwards “from devotion to the saint, who is said to have been born and educated in that hospital.” (This foundation was usually called St. Thomas of Acon, but it is believed that the designation had at first no connection with Acres, but rather with the original owner of the property.) The second house with family associations was at Ilford, for while Becket’s sister was abbess of Barking, the lepers’ chapel was re-consecrated with the addition of the name of St. Thomas.

Nor were his friends less faithful, for when Becket’s chancellor Benedict (afterwards his biographer) was transferred from Canterbury to Peterborough, he completed a foundation in his honour. Probably Benedict was also concerned in the choice of name at Stamford, especially as that dependent house adopted St. John Baptist and St. Thomas as joint patrons; for the fact that the new martyr’s body was laid near the altar of the Baptist called forth from several chroniclers (as Stanley points out) the remark that St. John Baptist was the bold opponent of a wicked king. In a document relating to the Stamford house, St. Thomas is referred to as “the proto-martyr,” but the claim is hard to justify. He was [p267] commemorated with St. Stephen at Romney, a dedication which would have given him abundant satisfaction; for previous to his flight in 1164 he celebrated, as having a special portent, the mass “in honour of the blessed proto-martyr Stephen.”

It is a far cry from Kent to Northumberland, but there existed at Bolton a hospital of St. Thomas. Within a few miles had been fought the Battle of Alnwick, a victory won, it was believed, as the result of the king’s public penance the same day (1174). The date of foundation is not recorded, but it was begun before 1225. About the same time a hospital of St. Thomas was being built at Hereford, by one of the Warennes, whose father had bitterly opposed the then unpopular Chancellor. The new devotion to St. Thomas was fanned into flame by the magnificent ceremony of 1220 on the removal of his body to its wonderful shrine. Soon after this, a hospital was founded at Bec, and the patronage annexed to the See of Norwich; it was consecrated by Bishop Pandulph, who had taken a leading part in the “Translation,” an event which was henceforth celebrated on July 7. For centuries the shrine was held in high honour. The Letter Books of Christ Church, Canterbury, record miracles in 1394 and 1445.[163] So notable was the first of these that Richard II wrote to congratulate the archbishop, acknowledging his thankfulness to “the High Sovereign Worker of miracles who has deigned to work this miracle in our days, and upon a foreigner, as though for the purpose of spreading . . . the glorious fame of His very martyr,” adding a pious wish that it might result in the conversion of those in error at a time when “our faith and belief [p268] have many more enemies than they ever had time out of mind.” Such signs were, in fact, an antidote to Lollardy, as is implied by the public testimony of the Chapter to the cure of a cripple from Aberdeen in 1445.

The kings continued to pay pilgrimage visits, and even Henry VIII sent the accustomed offerings to Canterbury. His subsequent animosity towards St. Thomas was a political move, as is shown by the report of Robert Ward in 1535; having spied at the hospital of St. Thomas of Aeon a window depicting the flagellation of Henry II by monks at the shrine, he pointed out to Thomas Cromwell that Becket was slain “in that he did resist the king.” Bale afterwards alludes thus to this burning question:—

“A trayterouse knave ye can set upp for a saynte, And a ryghteouse kynge lyke an odyouse tyrant paynte.

* * * * *

In your glasse wyndowes ye whyppe your naturall kynges.”[164]

In 1538 Henry thought it expedient to inform his loving subjects that notwithstanding the canonization of St. Thomas “there appeareth nothing in his life and exteriour conversation whereby he should be called a saint, but rather . . . a rebel and traitor to his prince.” Henceforth few windows remained depicting the acts of the martyr,—though one representation of the penance of Henry II is familiar to readers at the Bodleian. The name was to be no longer perpetuated; “St. Thomas the Martyr, Southwark,” becomes “Becket Spital” and then “St. Thomas the Apostle,” whilst “Thomas House” is found at Northampton. [p269]

ALL SAINTS.—In spite of many general references to All Saints, the invocation by itself was as rare for a hospital as it was common for a church. Leland and the _Valor Ecclesiasticus_ give the dedication of the Stamford bede-house as “All Saints.” The founder had willed that “there be for ever a certain almshouse, commonly called William Browne’s Almshouse, for the invocation of the most glorious Virgin Mary and of All Saints, to the praise and honour of the Name Crucified.” The almsmen’s special chapel in the parish church of All Saints was in honour of the Blessed Virgin. The existing silver seal shows the Father, seated, supporting between His knees the Saviour upon the Cross, whilst the Spirit appears as a Dove.

_Alternative Dedications, etc._

There is frequently an uncertainty as to the invocation, even with documentary assistance. A Close Roll entry (1214) mentions a foundation at Portsmouth in honour of Holy Trinity, the Blessed Virgin, St. Cross, St. Michael and All Saints. Usually the name is simply “God’s House,” but often St. John Baptist or St. Nicholas. The seal seems to suggest the original designation, for it shows a Cross, with the Divine Hand, a scroll and angels. Again, God’s House at Kingston-upon-Hull was called Holy Trinity or St. Michael’s, or from its situation “the Charterhouse hospital”; but its full title was “in honour of God, and the most glorious Virgin Mary His Mother, and St. Michael the Archangel, and all archangels, angels and holy spirits, and of St. Thomas the Martyr, and all saints of God.” It may be observed that inasmuch as the founder Michael Pole was Chancellor of England, [p270] he looked to his predecessor in office St. Thomas as patron, no less than to his name-saint. By the foundation-deed of Heytesbury almshouse, it was in honour of “the Holy Trinity, and especially of Christ our Redeemer, the Blessed Virgin Mary His Mother, St. Katherine and all saints.” The almsmen wore the letters JHU. XRT. upon their gowns. The Chantry Certificate, nevertheless, gives St. John’s. The original seal shows a Cross and the name _domus elimosinaria_, but the post-Reformation seal has St. Katherine. Varying dedications are sometimes merely mistakes. It must, however, be remembered that occasionally hospital and chapel had different patrons, and that both were sometimes rebuilt and, re-consecrated. As civil and ecclesiastical archives continue to reveal their long-hidden information, the dedication-names of many houses will doubtless come to light, together with notices of foundations at present unknown to us.

* * * * *

Some seventy titles of hospitals are here recorded, as compared with over six hundred different dedications of parish churches. In some instances the patron of a charitable institution bequeathed his name to a parish. At Tweedmouth, St. Bartholomew of the hospital was powerful enough to dispossess St. Boisil, the rightful patron of the place. The parishes of St. Mary Magdalene, Colchester, St. Giles-in-the-Fields, London, and St. Giles, Shrewsbury, have grown up round a former leper-house. Several modern churches, such as St. John’s, Bridgwater, occupy the site and carry on the name of an old foundation.

In conclusion, it must be observed that since the subject of England’s Patron Saints has been fully dealt with by [p271] Miss Arnold-Forster, no attempt has here been made to make more than passing allusions to the lives of hospital saints. The foregoing notes on saints were suggested by her _Studies in Church Dedications_.

FOOTNOTES:

[158] Pat. 14 Hen. VI, pt. i. m. 4.

[159] Pat. 16 Hen. VI, pt. ii. m. 17.

[160] Probably intended to represent the clappers; compare design on seal of St. Mary Magdalene’s, Winchester.

[161] Lacroix, _Military and Religious Life_, 353.

[162] F. T. Marsh, _Annals of St. Wulstan’s_, p. 5.

[163] Chron. and Mem. 85, iii. 27–29.

[164] Camden Society, _Kynge Johan_, p. 88.

[p273]

APPENDIX A

OFFICE AT THE SECLUSION OF A LEPER

[Translated from the _Manuale ad Usum Insignis Ecclesiæ Sarum_, printed in _York Manual, &c._, _Appendix_, Surtees Society, Vol. 63, p. 105^*.]

_The Manner of casting out or separating those who are sick with leprosy from the whole._[165]

First of all the sick man or the leper clad in a cloak and in his usual dress, being in his house, ought to have notice of the coming of the priest who is on his way to the house to lead him to the Church, and must in that guise wait for him. For the priest vested in surplice and stole, with the Cross going before, makes his way to the sick man’s house and addresses him with comforting words, pointing out and proving that if he blesses and praises God, and bears his sickness patiently, he may have a sure and certain hope that though he be sick in body he may be whole in soul, and may reach the home[166] of everlasting welfare. And then with other words suitable to the occasion let the priest lead the leper to the Church, when he has sprinkled him with holy water, the Cross going before, the priest following, and last of all the sick man. Within the Church let a black cloth, if it can be had, be set upon two trestles at some distance apart before the altar, and let the sick man take his place on bended knees beneath it between the trestles, after the manner of a dead man, although [p274] by the grace of God he yet lives in body and spirit, and in this posture let him devoutly hear Mass. When this is finished, and he has been sprinkled with holy water, he must be led with the Cross through the presbytery to a place where a pause must be made. When the spot is reached the priest shall counsel him out of Holy Scripture, saying: “Remember thine end and thou shalt never do amiss.” [Ecclus. vii. 36.] Whence Augustine says: “He readily esteems all things lightly, who ever bears in mind that he will die.” The priest then with the spade (_palla_) casts earth on each of his feet, saying: “Be thou dead to the world, but alive again unto God.”

And he comforts him and strengthens him to endure with the words of Isaiah spoken concerning our Lord Jesus Christ:—“Truly He hath borne our griefs and carried our sorrows, yet did we esteem Him as a leper smitten of God and afflicted” [Isa. liii. 4, Vulgate]; let him say also: “If in weakness of body by means of suffering thou art made like unto Christ, thou mayest surely hope that thou wilt rejoice in spirit with God. May the Most High grant this to thee, numbering thee among His faithful ones in the book of life. Amen.”

It is to be noted that the priest must lead him to the Church, from the Church to his house as a dead man, chanting the _Responsorium_ Libera me, Domine, in such wise that the sick man is covered with a black cloth. And the Mass celebrated at his seclusion may be chosen either by the priest or by the sick man, but it is customary to say the following:—

_Introitus._ Circumdederunt me. _Quære in Septuagesima._

_Collecta._ Omnipotens sempiterne Deus, salus æterna credentium.

_Epistola._ Carissimi, Tristatur quis vestrum.

_Resp._ Miserere mei.

_Vers._ Conturbata sunt. Alleluya. _V._ Qui sanat.

_Si in Quadragesima, Tractus._ Commovisti.

_Evangelium._ Intravit Jesus in Capharnaum.

_Offertorium._ Domine, exaudi.

_Secreta et Postcommunio in communibus orationibus._

_Communio._ Redime, Deus, Israel ex omnibus angustiis nostris. [p275]

When leaving the Church after Mass the priest ought to stand at the door to sprinkle him with holy water. And he ought to commend him to the care of the people. Before Mass the sick man ought to make his confession in the Church, and never again; and in leading him forth the priest again begins the _Responsorium_ Libera me, Domine, with the other versicles. Then when he has come into the open fields he does as is aforesaid; and he ends by imposing prohibitions upon him in the following manner:—

“I forbid you ever to enter Churches, or to go into a market, or a mill, or a bakehouse, or into any assemblies of people.

Also I forbid you ever to wash your hands or even any of your belongings in spring or stream of water of any kind; and if you are thirsty you must drink water from your cup or some other vessel.

Also I forbid you ever henceforth to go out without your leper’s dress, that you may be recognized by others; and you must not go outside your house unshod.

Also I forbid you, wherever you may be, to touch anything which you wish to buy, otherwise than with a rod or staff to show what you want.

Also I forbid you ever henceforth to enter taverns or other houses if you wish to buy wine; and take care even that what they give you they put into your cup.

Also I forbid you to have intercourse with any woman except your own wife.

Also I command you when you are on a journey not to return an answer to any one who questions you, till you have gone off the road to leeward, so that he may take no harm from you; and that you never go through a narrow lane lest you should meet some one.

Also I charge you if need require you to pass over some toll-way (_pedagium_) through (?) rough ground (_super apra_), or elsewhere, that you touch no posts or things (_instrumenta_) whereby you cross, till you have first put on your gloves.

Also I forbid you to touch infants or young folk, whosoever they may be, or to give to them or to others any of your possessions. [p276]

Also I forbid you henceforth to eat or drink in any company except that of lepers. And know that when you die you will be buried in your own house, unless it be, by favour obtained beforehand, in the Church.”

And note that before he enters his house, he ought to have a coat and shoes of fur, his own plain shoes, and his signal the clappers, a hood and a cloak, two pair of sheets, a cup, a funnel, a girdle, a small knife, and a plate. His house ought to be small, with a well, a couch furnished with coverlets, a pillow, a chest, a table, a seat, a candlestick, a shovel, a pot, and other needful articles.

When all is complete the priest must point out to him the ten rules which he has made for him; and let him live on earth in peace with his neighbour. Next must be pointed out to him the ten commandments of God, that he may live in heaven with the saints, and the priest repeats them to him in the presence of the people. And let the priest also point out to him that every day each faithful Christian is bound to say devoutly _Pater noster_, _Ave Maria_, _Credo in Deum_, and _Credo in Spiritum_, and to protect himself with the sign of the Cross, saying often _Benedicite_. When the priest leaves him he says:—“Worship God, and give thanks to God. Have patience, and the Lord will be with thee. Amen.

[p277]

APPENDIX B

TABULATED LIST OF MEDIÆVAL HOSPITALS IN ENGLAND

_i.e. Houses for Wayfarers, Sick, Aged and Infirm, Insane, and Lepers, founded before 1547_.

EXPLANATION OF HEADINGS, REFERENCES, SIGNS, ETC.

Dedication. When names are stated thus: “St. John [& St. Anthony],” this signifies that the name in brackets is less frequently used.

Date. The date given is that of the first accredited reference. The foundation was frequently earlier. _c._=_circa_; _bef_=before.

Founder. This term includes benefactor and re-founder.

Patron. In the majority of cases entered as “Private,” the advowson was vested in the Lord of the Manor. Where two names are inserted they represent a change of patronage.

L. i.e. Leper; this denotes the nominal aim of the charity, which was not necessarily confined to lepers.

* An asterisk signifies that there are considerable architectural remains (chapel, hall, etc.).

† Indicates slight architectural remains (e.g. masonry, windows).

‡ This sign before a dedication-name implies that some endowment exists under that name or the name of the founder.

Seal. Denotes that either a matrix or an impression is in existence. A specimen is usually to be found in the British Museum. _Soc. Antiq._ refers to the Society of Antiquaries, London.

Italics. The use of italics implies uncertainty.

Foot-notes. “Patent” and “Close” refer to the printed Calendars of the Public Record Office, space not permitting of fuller details.

[p278]

I. BEDFORDSHIRE

[p279]

II. BERKSHIRE

[p280]

III. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE

[p281]

IV. CAMBRIDGESHIRE

[p282]

V. CHESHIRE

[p283]

VI. CORNWALL[195]

[p284]

VII. CUMBERLAND

[p285]

VIII. DERBYSHIRE

[p286]

IX. DEVONSHIRE[208]

-----------------+----------------+-------+------------+-------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_|_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | -----------------+----------------+-------+------------+-------------+--- | | | | | Barnstaple | St. Mary | 1158 | — | — | L | Magdalene | | | | | | | | | Barnstaple | Holy Trinity | 1410 | — | — | — | | | | | Clist Gabriel | St. Gabriel the| 1276 | Bishop | Bishop | — (Farringdon) | Archangel[209] | | Bronescombe| | | | | | | Collumpton | Almshouse | 1522 | J. Trott | — | — | | | | | Crediton | †St. Laurence | 1242 | — | Manor | — | | | | (Bishop) | | | | | | Exeter (without | St. Mary M. | _bef_ | Bishop | Bishop, Town| L Southgate) | (Seal) | 1163 | | | | | | | | Exeter | St. Alexis[210]| 1164 | W. Prodom | — | — | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Exeter |St. John B.[211]| 1220 | G. & J. | Town, Bishop| — | [& St. John | | Long | | | Ev.] (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Exeter | *‡God’s | 1436 | W. Wynard | — | — | House[212] | | | | | | | | | Exeter | *‡St. | 1457 | J. Stevyns | — | — | Katharine | | | | | | | | | Exeter | ‡St. Mary V., | 1407 | W. Bonvile | — | — |Eleven Thousand | | | | |Virgins | | | | |& St. Roch[213] | | | | | | | | | Exeter |St. Anthony[214]| 1429 | — | — | — | | | | | Exeter | “Ten Cells” | 1399 | S. Grendon | — | — | | | | | Exeter | Almshouse | 1479 | J. Palmer | — | — | | | | | Exeter | Almshouse | 1514 | Moore | — | — | | | Fortescue | | | | | | | Heavitree |‡_St. Loye_[215]| — | — | — | — (Wonford) | | | | | | | | | | Honiton | *‡St. | 1374 | — | _Ford Abbey_| L | Margaret | | | | | | | | | Moreton Hampstead| Almshouse | xv | — | — | — | | cent.| | | | | | | | [p287] | | | | | | | | | | Newton Bushell | — | 1538 | J. Gilberd | Mayor | L | | | | Exeter | | | | | | Pilton | ‡St. | 1197 | — | — | L | Margaret | | | | | (Seal[216]) | | | | | | | | | Plymouth | [Holy Trinity | 1374 | — | — | L | &] St. Mary M. | | | | | | | | | Plymouth | St. Mary B. V. | 1501 | — | — | — | (Our Lady) | | | | | | | | | Plymouth | _Hospital | — | — | — | — | House_ | | | | | | | | | Plympton | ‡[Holy | 1329 | — | _Priory_ | L | Trinity &] St. | | | | | Mary M. | | | | | | | | | Tavistock, near | St. Mary M. [& | 1338 | — | — | L | St. Theobald] | | | | | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Tavistock | St. George | — | Tremayne | — | — | | | | | Teignmouth, near | ‡St. Mary | 1307 | — | — | L | Magdalene | | | | | | | | | Teignton, Kings, | | | | | _v._ Newton | | | | | Bushell | | | | | | | | | | Tiverton |*‡Almshouse[217]| 1520 | J. Greneway| Wardens of | — | | | | Tiverton | | | | | | Torrington | Holy Trinity, | 1400 | re-f. R. | — | — | St. John Ev. & | | Colyn | | | St. John B. | | | | | | | | | Torrington, | *‡St. Mary | 1344 | Ann Boteler| Private | L Little | Magdalene | | | | (Taddiport) | | | | | | | | | | Totnes | ‡St. Mary M. | 1302 | — | — | L | (Seal[218]) | | | | | | | | | Totnes | _Our Lady_ | xvi | — | — | — | | cent. | | | | | | | | -----------------+----------------+-------+------------+-------------+---

[p288]

X. DORSET

[p289]

XI. DURHAM

[p290]

XII. ESSEX

[p291]

XIII. GLOUCESTERSHIRE

-----------------+----------------+-------+------------+-------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_|_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | -----------------+----------------+-------+------------+-------------+--- | | | | | Berkeley, | Holy Trinity | 1189 | Maurice de | Private | — Longbridge, near| (Seal) | | Berkeley | | | | | | | | | | | | Bristol, without | St. Laurence | _bef_ | Prince John| Various[237]| L Lawfords Gate | | 1208 | | | | | | | | Bristol Frome | †St. | _bef_ | — | Private | L(?) Bridge |Bartholomew[238]| 1207 | | | | | | | | Bristol | *St. Mark | 1229 | Maurice de | Private | — Billeswick | (Seal) | | Gaunt | | | | | | | Bristol | St. Katherine | 1219 | Robert de | Private | — Bedminster[239] | (Seal) | | Berkeley | | | | | | | Bristol | St. Mary M. | 1219 | Thomas de | Private | L Brightbow{239} | (Seal) | | Berkeley | | | | | | | Bristol | St. John B. | 1242 | King or | Crown, Town | — Redcliffe{239} | (Seal) | | John Farcey| | | | | | | Bristol Lawfords | †Holy Trinity | ┌1396 | J. | Town | — Gate | | └1408 | Barstaple | | | | | | | Bristol Steep | *‡Three Kings | 1492 | J. Foster | — | — Street | of Cologne | | | | | (chapel) | | | | | | | | | Bristol Long Row | ‡Almshouse | _c._ | S. Burton | — | — | | 1292 | | | | | | | | Bristol Redcliffe| Almshouse | 1422 | W. Canynge | — | — | | | | | Bristol without | Almshouse | — | R. Magdalen| — | — Temple Gate | | | | | | | | | | Bristol Lewin’s | _Trinity_ | 1460 | W. Spencer | — | — Mead | | | | | | | | | | Bristol Redcliffe| — | 1471 | R. Forster | — | — Gate | | | | | | | | | | [p292] | | | | | | | | | | Cirencester | *‡St. John |_bef_ |Henry I |Crown, Abbey | — | Ev.[240] | 1135 | | | | | | | | Cirencester | ‡St. Laurence |xiii |Edith Bisset|Abbey | L | | cent.| | | | | | | | Cirencester | ‡St. Thomas M. |1427 | W. |Weavers | — | | | Nottingham | | | | | | | Gloucester | *‡S. Mary |_bef_ | — |_Lanthony | L | Magdalene | 1160 | | Priory_ | | | | | | Gloucester or | *‡St. Margaret |_bef_ | — |Abbey, Town | L Dudstan |or St. Sepulchre| 1163 | | | | | | | | Gloucester |‡St. | 1200 |Townsmen, |Crown | — |Bartholomew[241]| | Henry III | | | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Lechlade |St. John | 1228 |Peter Fitz |Private | — | Baptist[242] | |Herbert[243]| | | | | | | Longbridge, _v._ | | | | | Berkeley | | | | | | | | | | Lorwing[244] | — | 1189 |Maurice de | — | — | | | Berkeley | | | | | | | Redcliffe, _v._ | | | | | Bristol | | | | | | | | | | St. Briavels |St.Margaret[245]| 1256 | — | — | — | | | | | Stow-in-Wold |Holy Trinity | — |Aylmer, Earl| — | — | | | of Cornwall| | | | | | | Stow-in-Wold |Almshouse | 1476 | W. Chestre | — | — | | | | | Tewkesbury[246] | — | 1199 | — | — | L | | | | | Tewkesbury |Almshouse | — | — | Abbey | — | | | | | Winchcombe |Spital | — | — | — | — -----------------+----------------+-------+------------+-------------+---

[p293]

XIV. HAMPSHIRE

----------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ----------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+------------+--- Alton | St. Mary Magdalene | 1235 | — | — | L | | | | | Andover | St. John B.[247] | 1247 | — | Town | — | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Andover | St. Mary | 1248 | — | — | L | Magdalene{247} | | | | | | | | | Basingstoke | St. John Baptist |_bef_ | W. de Merton|Merton | — | | 1240| | College | | | | | | Christchurch | — | 1318 | — | — | L [248] | | | | | | | | | | _Fareham_[249] | — | 1199 | — | — | L | | | | | Fordingbridge | St. John Baptist | 1283 | — |Bishop, St. | — | | | | Cross, etc.| | | | | | Portsmouth | *God’s House or St. | 1224 | Peter des | Bishop | — | John B. and St. | | Roches | | | Nicholas[250] (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Portsmouth by | St. Mary M. [and St. | 1253 | — | — | — | Anthony[251]] | | | | | | | | | Romsey | St. Mary M. and St. | 1317 | — | — | L | Anthony[252] | | | | | | | | | Southampton | St. Mary Magdalene | 1173 | Townsmen |Town, Priory| L (without) | | | | | | | | | | Southampton | *‡St. Julian or |_c._ | Gervase |Crown, | — | God’s House (Seal) | 1197| | Queen’s | | | | | College, | | | | | Oxford. | | | | | | Southampton | St. John[253] | 1315 | — | — | — | | | | | [p294] | | | | | | | | | | Winchester |*‡St. Cross (Seal) |_c._ |Henry de |Knights, | — (near) | | 1136| Blois| Bishop | | | | | | Winchester | ‡St. Mary Magd. | 1158 | Bishop | Bishop | L (without) | (Seal[254]). | | | | | | | | | Winchester | *‡St. John B. |_c._ |John Devenish| Town | — | (Seal[255]) | 1275| | | | | | | | Winchester | “Sisters’ Hospital” | 1393 | — |St. | — | | | | Swithin’s| | | | | | Newport (Isle of| _St. Augustine_[256] | 1352 | — | Town | L Wight) | | | | | ----------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+------------+---

XV. HEREFORDSHIRE

[p295]

XVI. HERTFORDSHIRE

----------------+-------------------+-------+-------------+------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ----------------+-------------------+-------+-------------+------------+--- Anstey (Biggin) | St. Mary | 1325 | — | — | — | | | | | Baldock | | | | | L (Clothall, by)| St. Mary Magdalene| 1226 | — | — | | | | | | Berkhampstead | St. John Baptist | 1216 | Fitz Piers, |Private; St.| — | | |Earl of Essex|Thomas of | | | | |Acon, London| | | | | | Berkhampstead | St. John Ev. | 1216 | — |Private; St.| L | | | |Thomas of | | | | |Acon, London| | | | | | Berkhampstead | St. James | — | — | — | — | | | | | Berkhampstead | St. Leonard | — | — | — | — | | | | | Berkhampstead |_St.Thomas M._[260]| 1317 | — | — | — | | | | | Broxbourne, _v._| | | | | Hoddesdon | | | | | | | | | | Hertford | St. Mary | 1287 | — | — | — (without) | Magdalene[261] | | | | | | | | | Hoddesdon | SS. Anthony & | 1391 | — | — | L | Clement or St. | | | | | Laud & St. Anthony| | | | | (Seals) | | | | | | | | | Hoddesdon | Almshouse | xv | R. Rich | — | — | | cent. | | | | | | | | Royston | [St. Mary B.V. & | 1227 | — | Private | — | St. James or] St.| | | | | John & St. James | | | | | | | | | Royston | St. Nicholas[262] | 1213 | Ralph | Private | L | | | | | [p296] | | | | | | | | | | St. Albans | St. Julian the | 1146 | Abbot | Abbey | L (Eywood) | Confessor | | Geoffrey | | | | | | | St. Albans | St. Mary de la | 1202 | — | Abbey | L (without) | Pré[263] (Seal) | | | | | | | | | St. Albans | St. Giles[264] | 1327 | — | Abbey | — | | | | | Stevenage | All Christian | 1501 | Hellard, | Parish | — | Soul House | | Rector | | | | | | | Wymondley, | St. Mary[265] | 1232 | — | — | — Little | | | | | ----------------+-------------------+-------+-------------+------------+---

XVII. HUNTINGDONSHIRE

[p297]

XVIII. KENT

-----------------+---------------------+-------+------------+-----------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | -----------------+---------------------+-------+------------+-----------+--- _Bapchild_[268] | — | _c._ | — | — | — | | 1200 | | | | | | | | _Blean_{268} |_St. John_ | _c._ | — | — | — | | 1200 | | | | | | | | _Bobbing_ |_Spital_ | — |_George | _Private_ | L | | | Clifford_ | | | | | | | Boughton-under- |Holy Trinity[269] | 1384 |Thomas atte | — | L Blean | | | Herst | |etc. | | | | | Buckland, _v._ | | | | | Dover | | | | | | | | | | Canterbury |*‡St. John B. | _bef_ |Lanfranc |Archbishop | — (Northgate) | (Seal) | 1089 | | | | | | | | Canterbury |*‡St. Thomas M.[270] | _c._ Becket, |Archbishop | — (Eastbridge) | [and the Holy Ghost]| 1170 | Langton | | | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Canterbury |St. Nicholas and St. | 1293 |W. Cokyn | — | — | Katharine[271] | | | | | | | | | Canterbury |*‡[St. Mary B. V. | 1225 |_re-f._ S. |Archdeacon | — | or] Poor Priests’ | | de Langton| | | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Canterbury |‡St. Mary B. V. | 1317 |J. Maynard |Town | — | | | | | Canterbury near |St. Laurence | 1137 |Hugh, Abbot |St. | L | | | |Augustine’s| | | | | | Canterbury |*‡St. Nicholas | _bef_ |Lanfranc |Archbishop | L Harbledown | (Seal) | 1089 | | | | | | | | Canterbury |St. James (_Seal_) | _bef_ | — |Christ- | L Thanington | | 1164 | | church | or Wynchepe | | | | | | | | | | Chatham, _v._ | | | | | Rochester | | | | | | | | | | Dartford |St. Mary Magdalene | 1256 | — | — | L | | | | | Dartford |Holy Trinity | 1453 | Townsmen | Parochial | — | | | | Governors | | | | | | [p298] | | | | | | | | | | Dover, Buckland | St. Bartholomew | 1141 | Monks | Priory | L in | | | | | | | | | | Dover | *St. Mary B. V. | 1221 | Hubert de | Crown | — | (Seal) | | Burgh | | | | | | | Gravesend, | | | | | _v._ Milton | | | | | | | | | | Harbledown, _v._ | | | | | Canterbury | | | | | | | | | | Hythe | ‡St. John Baptist | 1426 | — | Town | — | | | | | Hythe | ‡St. Bartholomew |┌1276 | Townsmen | — | — Saltwood[272] nr.|(Seal)[or St. Andrew]|└1336 |Bishop Haymo| — | | | | | | _Ivychurch_,[273]| — | 1229 | — |Private | — near New Romney | | | | | | | | | | _Lullingstone_ | _Almshouse_ | — |Sir J. Peche| — | — [274] | | | | | | | | | | Maidstone |*St. Peter & St. Paul| — |Abp. |Archbishop | — |[& St.Thomas M.][275]| | Boniface | | |(Seal) | | | | | | | | | Maidstone(bridge)| Almshouse[276] | 1422 | Hessynden | — | — | | | | | Milton nr. | — | 1189 | — | Private | — Gravesend | | | | | | | | | | Mepham | — | 1396 | Archbishop | — | — | | | | | Ospringe | ‡St. Mary B. V. | 1234 | Henry III | Crown | — | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Ospringe(without)| St. Nicholas[277] | 1241 | — | — | — | | | | | Ospringe | St. John[278] | 1343 | — | — | — | | | | | _Otford_ | — | _1228_| — | — |_L_ | | | | | Puckeshall | St. James | 1202 | — | — | L or Tong | | | | | | | | | | Rochester | *‡St. Bartholomew |_bef_ | Bishop | Priory | L (Langeport) | (Seal) | 1108 | Gundulf | | | | | | | [p299] | | | | | | | | | | Rochester | St. Nicholas[279] | 1253 | — | — | L (Whiteditch) | | | | | | | | | | Rochester | ‡St. Katharine | 1316 | S. Potyn | Governors | L (Eastgate) | | | | |etc. | | | | | Romney | St. Stephen and St. |_c._ | Adam de | Private | L |Thomas M. (Seal[280])| 1180 | Cherring | | | | | [281] | | | | | | | Romney | St. John Baptist | 1396 | — | Town | — | | | | | Sandwich | *‡St. Bartholomew | _bef_ |Crawthorne, | Town | — | (Seal) | 1227 | etc. | | | | | | | Sandwich | ‡St. John B. | _bef_ | — | Town | — | (Seal[282]) | 1287 | | | | | | | | Sandwich | ‡St. Thomas M. | 1392 |Thos. Ellys | Town | — | | | | | Sandwich (Each | St. Anthony[283] | 1472 | — | — | L End) | | | | | | | | | | Sevenoaks | St. John Baptist | 1338 | _re-f._ |Archbishop | — | | |Cherwode & | | | | | Multon | | | | | | | Sevenoaks | ‡Almshouse | 1418 | Sir W. | Parochial | — | | | Sevenoke | Governors | | | | | | Sittingbourne | — | 1216 | Samuel | — | — [284] | | | | | | | | | | Sittingbourne, | St. Leonard[285] | 1232 | — | — | L Swinestre nr. | | | | | | | | | | Sittingbourne | Holy Cross{285} | 1225 | — | — | — Swinestre nr. | | | | | | | | | | Strood | St. Mary B. V.[286] | 1193 | Bp. G. | Bishop or | — | (Seal) | | Glanvill | Priory | | | | | | Sutton-at-Hone | Holy Trinity, St. | 1216 |FitzPiers & | — | — | Mary, and All SS. | | W. de | | | | | Wrotham | | | | | | | Thanington, _v._ | | | | | Canterbury | | | | | | | | | | Tong, _v._ | | | | | Puckeshall | | | | | | | | | | Wynchepe, _v._ | | | | | Canterbury | | | | | -----------------+---------------------+-------+------------+-----------+---

[p300]

XIX. LANCASHIRE

[p301]

XX. LEICESTERSHIRE

--------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | --------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+------------+--- Burton Lazars |[St. Mary B. V. and] | 1146 |R. de Mowbray|Order of | L | St. Lazarus (Seal) | | | St. Lazarus| | | | | | Castle- |St. John Ev.[292] | xii |John Lacy |Earldom, | — Donington | | cent. | | Crown | | | | | | Leicester |St. Leonard (Seal) | 1199 |William of |Earldom, | L | | | Leicester | Crown, etc.| | | | | | Leicester |‡St. John Ev. and | 1200 | — | — | — | St. John B. (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Leicester |St. Edmund Abp. and | 1250 | — | — | — | Conf. | | | | | | | | | Leicester |St. Mary M. and St. | 1329 | — | — | L | Margaret | | | | | | | | | Leicester |*‡Annunciation of | 1330 |Henry of |Duchy | — |B. V. Mary[293] (Seal)| | Lancaster | (Collegiate| | | | | Foundation)| | | | | | Leicester |‡St. Ursula [and | 1513 |W. Wigston | — | — | St. Catherine] | | | | | | | | | Lutterworth |St. John B.[& St. | 1218 |Roise de | Private | — | Anthony[294]] | | Verdon | | | | | | | Stockerston |St. Leonard | 1307 | — | Earldom | — | | | | | Stockerston |St. Mary [and All | 1465 |J. Boyvile | — | — | Saints] | | | | | | | | | _Tilton_ | — | _1189_|_W. Burdett_ |_Burton | _L_ | | | | Lazars_ | --------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+------------+---

[p302]

XXI. LINCOLNSHIRE

----------------+--------------------+-------+-------------+-------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ----------------+--------------------+-------+-------------+-------------+--- Boothby Pagnell |St. John Baptist | xii |Hugh of | — | L | | cent. | Boothby | | | | | | | Boston[295] |St. John Baptist | 1282 | — |Private | — (without) | | | |(Multon{295})| | | | | | _Carleton in_ |_St. Lazarus_ | _1301_|_De_ |_Order of_ | — _Moreland_ | | |_Amundeville_|_St.Lazarus._| | | | | | Dunston, _v._ | | | | | Mere | | | | | | | | | | _Edenham_[296] | — | 1319 | — | — | — | | | | | Elsham by |St. Mary & St. | 1166 | B. de | — | — Thornton | Edmund[297] | | Amundeville | | | | | | | Glanford Bridge | |xii |Paynell |Selby Abbey | — (Wrauby) | | cent.| | | | | | | | Glanford Bridge |[Our Lord &] St. | 1441 |W. Tirwhit | — | — (Wrauby) | John B. | | | | | | | | | Grantham by |St. Margaret | 1328 | — | — | — | | | | | Grantham |St. Leonard | 1428 | — | — | — | | | | | Grimsby |St. Mary M. & St. | 1291 | — | — | L (without) | Leger | | | | | | | | | Grimsby |St. John[298] | 1389 | — | — | — | | | | | Holbeach |All Saints | 1351 |J. de | — | — | | | Kirketon | | | | | | | Langworth |St. Margaret | 1313 | — | — | L | | | | | Lincoln without |Holy Innocents | _bef_ |Henry I |Crown, Burton| L | [& St. Mary M.] | 1135 | | Lazars | | (Seal)[299] | | | | | | | | | Lincoln without |†‡St. Giles | _c._ | — |Dean & | — | | 1275 | | Chapter | | | | | | Lincoln |St. Leonard | 1300 | — | — |L | | | | |etc. | | | | | Lincoln without |St. Bartholomew | 1314 | — | — |L | | | | |etc. | | | | | Lincoln |St. Mary B. V. or | 1311 | — | — | — | St. Mary M. | | | | | | | | | [p303] | | | | | | | | | | Lincoln without |Holy Sepulchre[300] | 1123 |Bp. Robert |Gilbertine | — | | | Bloet | Order | | | | | | Lincoln without |St. Katherine{300} | 1123 |Bp. Robert |Gilbertine | — | (Seal) | | Bloet | Order | | | | | | Louth |Spital | 1314 | — | — | L | | | | | Louth |Trinity Bedehouse |xvi | — |Gild | — | | cent.| | | | | | | | Louth |_St. Mary B. V._ |xvi | — |Gild | — | | cent.| | | | | | | | Mere or Dunston |St. John Baptist | 1243 |S. de Roppele|Bishop | L | | | | | Newstead by |St. Mary B. V.{300} |xii |W. d’Albini | — | — Stamford[301] | | cent.| | | | | | | | Partney |St. Mary Magdalene |_bef_ | — |Bardney | — | | 1138| | Abbey | | | | | | Skirbeck |‡St. Leonard, | 1230 |T. de Multon |Knights | — | afterwards St. | | | Hosp. | | John Baptist | | | | | | | | | Spalding |St. Nicholas | 1313 | — | — | L | | | | | Spittal-on- |St. Edmund K.M. | 1322 |_re-f._ T. |Dean & | — Street, Hemswell| | | Aston | Chapter | | | | | | Stamford, _v._ | | | | | Northants | | | | | | | | | | Tattershall[302]|Holy Trinity | 1438 |R. Cromwell |Collegiate | — | (Seal){302} | | | Foundation | | | | | | Thornton |St. James (chapel) | 1322 | — |Abbey | — | | | | (probably) | | | | | | _Threckingham_ |_St. Lazarus_[303] | 1319 | — | — | — | | | | | Uffington, _v._ | | | | | Newstead | | | | | | | | | | Walcot |St. Leonard | 1312 | — | — | L ----------------+--------------------+-------+-------------+-------------+---

[p304]

XXII. MIDDLESEX AND LONDON

----------------+--------------------+-------+-------------+------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ----------------+--------------------+-------+-------------+------------+--- Brentford[304] | St. Anne & | 1393 | — | — | — | St. Louis{304} | | | | | | | | | Brentford |Nine Orders of Holy | _c._ | J. Somerset | Fraternity | — Syon by | Angels (_Seal_) | 1447 | | | | | | | | Hackney or | St. Katherine[305] | 1334 | — | — | L Kingsland | | | | | | | | | | Holborn | | | | | v. London | | | | | | | | | | Holloway | [Holy Jesus &] St. | 1473 | W. Pole | Crown | L or Highgate | Anthony(Seal[306]) | | | | | | | | | _Hounslow_[307] | — | 1200 | — | — | L | | | | | Kingsland, | | | | | _v._ Hackney | | | | | | | | | | Knightsbridge | St. Leonard[308] | 1485 | — |_Westminster| L | (Seal) | | | Abbey_ | | | | | | London,[309] |St. Giles[310] | _bef._| Queen Maud |Crown, | L Holborn | (Seal) | 1118 | | Burton | | | | | Lazars | | | | | | London West |*‡St. | _c._ | Rahere | — | — Smithfield | Bartholomew[311] | 1123 | | | | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | London by Tower | ‡St. Katharine | 1148 |Queen Matilda| Crown | — | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | London Cheapside| [St. Mary &] St. | _c._ |Fitz Theobald| Knights | — | Thomas M. “of | 1190 | | Templars | | Acon”[312] (Seal) | | | | | | | | | London | St. John B.[313] | 1505 | Henry VII. | Crown | — | (Seal) or “Savoy” | | | | | | | | | London | St. Anthony (Seal) | 1254 | — |Order of | — Threadneedle St.| | | |Vienne, | | | | |Crown, etc. | | | | | | London | St. Paul | 1190 | Henry, Canon| Dean & | — Churchyard | | | | Chapter | | | | | | London |Holy Ghost, B.V.M., | 1424 | R. |Collegiate | — Paternoster |St. Michael & All | | Whittington |Foundation | | SS. | | | | | | | | | [p305] | | | | | | | | | | London, nr. | “St. Charity & St. | 1442 | 3 Priests | Fraternity | — Aldgate | John Ev.”[314] | | | | | | | | | London without | St. Mary B. V. | 1197 | W. Brune | — | — Bishopsgate | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | London without | St. Mary or “Domus | 1231 | Henry III. | Crown | — Temple Bar | Conversorum”[315] | | | | | | | | | London nr. | St. Mary, | 1329 | W. Elsyng |Dean, etc., | — Cripplegate | “ElsyngSpital” | | | of St. | | (Seal) | | | Paul’s | | | | | | London without | ‡St. Mary of | 1247 | S. FitzMary | Order of | — Bishopsgate | Bethlehem | | | Bethlehem, | | (_Seal_[316]) | | | City | | | | | | London Charing | St. Mary “of |_bef_ | — | Alien | — Cross | Rouncevall” (Seal) | 1231 | | | | | | | | London Crutched | Almshouse, St. | _c._ | J. Millborn | Drapers | — Friars | Mary | 1524 | | | | | | | | — | St. James, | | | | | _v._ Westminster | | | | | | | | | — | St. Thomas, | | | | | _v._ Southwark, | | | | | Surrey | | | | | | | | | Mile End[317] or|St. Mary Magd. | 1274 | — | — | L Stepney | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Shoreditch[318] | Spital House | xvi | — | — | — | |cent. | | | | | | | | Westminster | St. James (Seal) | xii | _re-f._ | Abbey, | L | |cent. | Henry III. | Crown | | | | | | Westminster | Almshouse | xvi |Lady Margaret| — | — | | cent. | | | ----------------+--------------------+-------+-------------+------------+---

[p306]

XXIII. NORFOLK

---------------+------------------+---------+-------------+-------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._ | _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ---------------+------------------+---------+-------------+-------------+--- | | | | | Bec |St. Thomas M.[319]| 1224 | William de | Bishop | — (Billingford) | (Seal) | | Bec | | | | | | | Boycodeswade, | | | | | _v._ Cokesford | | | | | | | | | | Burnham Overy | St. Peter[320] or| 1200 | Cheney | — | — or Peterstone | St. Nicholas | | | | | | | | | _Choseley_ | _St. Lazarus_ | _1291_ | — |_Burton | _L_ | | | | Lazars_ | | | | | | Cokesford[321] | St. Andrew | _c._ | Hervey Beleth| Cokesford | — | | 1181 | | Priory | | | | | | Creak, North | St. Mary[322] | 1221 | Robert de | — | — (Lingerscroft) | | | Nerford | | | | | | | Croxton | Domus Dei | 1250 | — | Hospital, | — | | | | Thetford | | | | | | Gaywood, _v._ | | | | | Lynn | | | | | | | | | | Hardwick | St. Laurence | 1327 | — | Private | L (S. Lynn)[323]| | | | | | | | | | Hautbois, Great| St. Mary (God’s | 1235 | Peter de | Horning | — | House) | | Hautbois | Hospital | | | | | | Hempton | St. Stephen[324] | 1135 |De S. Martin | Private | — (Fakenham) | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Heringby |God’s House (Seal)| 1447 |H. Attefenne | Collegiate | — | | | | Foundation | | | | | | Hingham | Almshouse | 1483 | S. Lyster | — | — | | | | | Horning | St. James | 1153 |Abbot Daniel | Hulme Abbey,| — | | | | Bishop | | | | | | Ickburgh or | SS. Mary & | 1323 | W. Barentun | Private | L Newbridge | Laurence | | | | | | | | | Langwade | — | 1380 | — | — | L (Oxburgh) | | | | | | | | | | [p307] | | | | | | | | | | Lingerscroft, | | | | | _v._ Creak | | | | | | | | | | Lynn or Gaywood| ‡St. Mary Magd. | 1145 | Peter, | — | L | (Seal{328}) | | Chaplain | |etc. | | | | | Lynn, Bishops | St. John Baptist | _c._ | Ulfketel |Town, Bishop | — | | 1135 | | | | | | | | Lynn, West Lynn| — | — | — | — | L | | | | | Lynn, Cowgate | — | 1352 | — | — | L | | | | | Lynn, _v._ | | | | | Hardwick | | | | | | | | | | Massingham | Domus Dei[325] | 1260 | — | Crown | — | | | | | Newbridge, | | | | | _v._ Ickburgh | | | | | | | | | | Norwich | St. Paul Ap.[326]| _bef._ | Bishop | Bishops and | — | [&St. Paul, | 1119 | Herbert | Priory | | Hermit] (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Norwich | *‡St. Giles, | 1246 |Bishop W. de | Bishops and | — | etc.[327] (Seal)| | Suffield | Priory | | | | | | Norwich | St. Mary B.V. | 1200 | Hildebrond | Bishop | — Conisford | (_Seal_[328]). | | | | | | | | | Norwich in | St. Saviour | 1297 |R. de Brekles| — | — Coselany | | | | | | | | | | Norwich | God’s House | xiii |John le Grant| Bishop | — | | cent. | | | | | | | | Norwich | God’s House | 1292 | Robert de | — | — | | | Aswardby | | | | | | | Norwich | Almshouse | — | Croom | — | — | | | | | Norwich | Almshouse | 1418 | Danyel | — | — | | | | | Norwich | Almshouse | — | Hugh Garzon | — | — | | | | | Norwich | St. Mary Magd. | _bef._ | Bishop | Bishop | L (Sprowston) | (Seal{328}) | 1119 | Herbert | | | | | | | Norwich St. | [St. Mary &] St. | 1312 | Bishop | — | L Austin’s Gate | Clement | | | | | | | | | Norwich | _St. Mary | 1448 | — | — | L Fybridge Gate | Magdalene_ | | | | | | | | | Norwich | St. Bennet | — | — | — | L Westwick Gate | (_Seal_{328}) | | | | | | | | | [p308] | | | | | | | | | | Norwich Newport| _St. Giles_ | 1308 | Balderic | — | L | | | | | Norwich Nedham | St. Stephen | — | — | Horsham | L | (_Seal_[329]) | | | Priory | | | | | | Norwich |_St. Leonard_[330]| _1335_ | — | — | — _without_ | | | | | | | | | | Racheness | St. Bartholomew | xii | — | Castleacre | L (Southacre) | | cent. | | Priory | | | | | | Somerton, West | St. Leonard | 1189 | R. de | Crown, | L | | | Glanvill |Butley Priory| | | | | | Snoring Parva | — | 1380 | — | — | L | | | | | Sprowston, | | | | | _v._ Norwich | | | | | | | | | | Thetford | St. John | xii | Roger Bigod | — | L | Baptist{330} | cent. | | | | | | | | Thetford | St. Mary | xiii |J. de Warenne|Earldom, Town| L | Magdalene{330} | cent. | | | | | | | | Thetford |St. Mary B.V.[331]| 1325 | — | Private | — | | | | | Thetford | St. Margaret | 1304 | — | — | L | | | | | Thetford | St. John[332] | — | — | Private | L | | | | | Thetford | God’s House{332} | 1319 | Earl of | Private, | — | | | Surrey |Priory, etc. | | | | | | Walsingham | — | 1486 | — | Private | L | | | | | Walsoken | Holy Trinity | _bef._ | — | — | — | (Seal) | 1200 | | | | | | | | Wymondham | — | — | — |Burton Lazars| L (Westwade) | | | | | | | | | | Yarmouth | St. Mary B.V. | 1278 | T. Fastolf |Private, Town| — | (Seal[333]) | | | | | | | | | Yarmouth | — | 1386 | Townsmen | Town | — | | | | | Yarmouth | — | 1349 | — | — | L (Northgate) | | | | | | | | | | Yarmouth | — | 1349 | — | — | L (Northgate) | | | | | | | | | | Yarmouth, | | | | | Little, _v._ | | | | | Gorleston, | | | | | Suffolk | | | | | ---------------+------------------+---------+-------------+-------------+---

[p309]

XXIV. NORTHAMPTONSHIRE

-----------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_|_Date._ | _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | -----------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+--- Armston (in |St. John Baptist| 1231 | R. de | Private | — Polebrook) | | | Trubleville| | | | | | | Aynho | St. James & | 1208 | Roger Fitz | Private, | — | St. John [or | | Richard | Magd. Coll. | | St. Mary & | | | Oxford | | St. James] | | | | | | | | | Brackley |*St. James & St.| _c._ | Robert Earl| Private, | — | John Ap. & | 1150 | of | Magd. Coll. | | Ev.[334] (Seal)| | Leicester | Oxford | | | | | | Brackley | St. Leonard | 1280 | — | Private | L (without) | (Seal[335]) | | | | | | | | | _Byfield_ | _St. John_[336]| _1313_ | — | — | — | | | | | Cotes by | St. Leonard | 1229 | — | Peterborough| L Rockingham | | | | Abbey | | | | | | Fotheringhay | — | — | — | — | — | | | | | Grimsbury, _v._ | | | | | Banbury, Oxon | | | | | | | | | | Higham Ferrers | St. James | 1163 | Ferrers | Private | — [337] | [338] | | | | | | | | | Higham Ferrers |*‡Bede House | 1423 | Abp. | Collegiate | — | | | Chichele | Foundation | | | | | | Kingsthorpe by |†St. David | 1200 | Peter Fitz | St. Andrew’s| — Northampton | (Dewy) or | | Adam or | Priory | | Holy Trinity | | King John | | | | | | | Northampton | St. Leonard | _c._ | King | Town | L (Cotton) | (Seal) | 1150 | | | | | | | | [p310] | | | | | | | | | | Northampton |*‡St. John B. | _c._ | William, | Bishop of | — |[& St. John Ev.]| 1140 | Archdeacon | Lincoln | |(Seal) | | | | | | | | | Northampton |‡St. | _c._ | Townsmen | Town | — Northampton |Thomas-à-Becket | 1450 | | | | | | | | Northampton | Hospital | 1301 | — | — | L (Northgate) | of Walbek | | | | | | | | | Northampton _v._ | | | | | Kingsthorpe | | | | | | | | | | Peryho |[St. John B. &] | 1258 | Knyvet | Private, | — (in Southwick) | St. Martin, | | | Cotherstoke | | Bp.[339] | | | Coll. | | | | | | Peterborough | St. Thomas M. | _bef_ | Abbot | Abbey | — | | 1194 | Benedict | | | | | | | Peterborough | St. Leonard | 1125 | Abbot | Abbey | L near | | | | | | | | | | Rushden, _v._ | | | | | Higham Ferrers | | | | | | | | | | Southwick, | | | | | _v._ Peryho | | | | | | | | | | Stamford (Baron) | St. Giles | _bef_ | — | Peterborough| L | | 1189 | | Abbey | | | | | | Stamford |†St. John B. & | _c._ |Siward, | Abbey | — (without) |St. Thomas M. | 1174 |Brand de | | | | |Fossato,etc.| | | | | | | Stamford | Holy Sepulchre | _bef_ | — | Abbey | — | | 1189 | | | | | | | | Stamford |“_St. Logar_” | _bef | _W. de | — | — (without) | [340] | 1199_ | Warenne._ | | | | | | | Stamford |*‡Bedehouse | _bef_ | W. Browne | — | — | or All Saints | 1485 | | | | (Seal)[341] | | | | | | | | | Thrapston | St. Leonard | 1246 | — | — | L | | | | | Towcester | St. Leonard | 1200 | — | Earl of | L | | | | Pembroke | -----------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+---

[p311]

XXV. NORTHUMBERLAND

----------------+---------------------+-------+-------------+-------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ----------------+---------------------+-------+-------------+-------------+--- Alnwick, near |St. Leonard | xii |Eustace de |Private, | — | | cent. | Vesci | Abbey | | | | | | Alribourn |St. Leonard | 1331 | — | Private | — | | | | | _Alwynton_ | — |_1272_ |_Bishop | — | — | | | Philip_ | | | | | | | Bamborough |St. Mary Magdalene | 1256 | — | Crown | L | | | | | Berwick-on- |St. Mary | 1301 | — | — | — Tweed[342] | Magdalene[343] | | | | | | | | | Berwick-on-Tweed| God’s House[344] | 1286 |Philip de | — | — | | | Rydale | | | | | | | Berwick-on-Tweed| _St. Edward_[345] | 1246 | — | — | — | | | | | _Bolam_[346] | _St. Mary_ | 1285 | — | — | — | | | | | Bolton (in |Holy Trinity or St. | 1225 |Robert de Ros|Rievaulx, | L Allendale) | Thomas M. (Seal) | | | Kirkham | | | | | | Capelford by |St. Mary Magdalene | 1333 | — | — | — Norham | | | | | | | | | | Catchburn nr. |St. Mary Magdalene | 1282 |Roger de | Private | — Morpeth | | | Merlay | | | | | | | Corbridge | — | 1378 | — | — | L | | | | | _Eglingham, | — | 1331 | — | — | — Harehope by_ | | | | | [347] | | | | | | | | | | Elleshaugh by | — | 1240 | Umfreville | Bishop | — Otterburn[348] | | | | | | | | | | Embleton[349] | — | 1314 | — | — | — near | | | | | | | | | | Hertford | — | 1256 | Merlay | Private | — Bridge[350] | | | | | | | | | | Hexham |St. Giles | 1200 | Archbishop |Archbishop, | L | | | | Priory | | | | | | Hexham |Pilgrims’ Hospital | xiv | — | — | — | | cent.| | | | | | | | Mitford nr. |St. Leonard | xii |William | Barony | — Morpeth | | cent.| Bertram | | | | | | | [p312] | | | | | | | | | | Morpeth, _v._ | | | | | Catchburn | | | | | | | | | | Newbiggin-by- | — | 1391 | — | Private | — Sea[351] | | | | | | | | | | Newcastle-upon- |‡St. Mary Magdalene |_bef_ | _Henry I_ |Town | L Tyne (without) | (Seal) | 1135 | | | | | | | | Newcastle-upon- |‡St. Mary B.V. (Seal)| _bef_ | Aselack |St. | — Tyne | [& St. John Ev.] | 1189 | |Bartholomew’s| (Westgate) | | | |Priory, Town | | | | | | Newcastle-upon- |St. Katherine | ┌1403 |R. Thornton |Private, | — Tyne | (Maison Dieu) | └1412 | | Town | (Sandhills) | | | | | | | | | | Newcastle-upon- | Trinity Almshouse | 1492 | — |Seamen’s | — Tyne | | | | Gild | | | | | | Newcastle-upon- | Maison Dieu | 1475 | J. Ward | — | — Tyne | | | | | | | | | | Newcastle-upon- | Maison Dieu | 1504 | C. Brigham | — | — Tyne | | | | | | | | | | Newcastle-upon- | Maison Dieu | 1360 | W. Acton | — | — Tyne | | | | | | | | | | Rothbury | — | xvi | — |Hulparke | — | | cent. | | Priory | | | | | | Shipwash | — | 1379 | — | — | — | | | | | Tweedmouth | St. Bartholomew | 1234 | — | Bishop | L (Spittal) | | | | | | | | | | Tynemouth, near | St. Leonard | 1293 | — | Priory | — | | | | | Warenford | _St. John Baptist_ | 1253 | — | Private | L | | | | | Warkworth | St. John Baptist | 1292 | — | Private, | — | (Seal[352]) | | | Hulparke | | | | | Priory | | | | | | Wooler | St. Mary Magdalene | 1302 | — | Private | — ----------------+---------------------+-------+-------------+-------------+---

[p313]

XXVI. NOTTINGHAMSHIRE

---------------------+------------------+-------+-----------+------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._|_Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ---------------------+------------------+-------+-----------+------------+--- Bawtry (without) | *‡St. Mary | 1280 | _re-f._ | Archbishop | — | Magdalene | | Robert | | | | | de Morton | | | | | | | Blyth (without) | ‡St. John. | 1226 | W. de | Private | L | Ev.[353] | | Cressy | | | | | | | Blyth (without) | St. Edmund | 1228 | — | — | L | | | | | Bradebusk, | | | | | _v._ Gonalston | | | | | | | | | | Gonalston | St. Mary | 1252 | W. Heriz | Private | L | Magdalene | | | | Harworth, | | | | | _v._ Bawtry | | | | | | | | | | Hodsock, | | | | | _v._ Blyth | | | | | | | | | | Lenton | St. Anthony[354] | 1330 | — | Alien | — | | | | Priory | | | | | | Newark | ‡St. Leonard | 1125 | Bishop | Bishop of | — (without N. gate) | | | Alexander | Lincoln | | | | | | Newark | | | | | _v._ Stoke by N. | | | | | | | | | | Newark (Milnegate) | Almshouse | 1466 | — | — | — | | | | | Newark (Churchyard) | Almshouse | 1466 | — | — | — | | | | | Newark (Appiltongate)| Almshouse | 1466 | — | — | — | | | | | Nottingham | St. John Baptist | 1202 | — | Town | — | | | | | Nottingham | St. Leonard | 1189 | — | Town | L | | | | | Nottingham | St. Sepulchre | 1267 | — | _Palmers_ | — | | | | | Nottingham |_St. Michael_[355]| _1335_| — | — | — | | | | | Nottingham | St. Mary | 1330 | — | — | L (Westbarre) | | | | | | | | | | Nottingham (Leen | ‡Annunciation | 1390 | J. | — | — Bridge) | of B.V.M.[356] | | Plumptre | | | | | | | Southwell, near | St. Mary | 1255 | — | Archbishop | L | Magdalene | | | | | | | | | Stoke-by-Newark, | St. Leonard & | _bef_ | — | Private, | — within | St. Anne[357] | 1135 | | Crown | ---------------------+------------------+-------+-----------+------------+---

[p314]

XXVII. OXFORDSHIRE

--------------------+------------------+-------+------------+------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | --------------------+------------------+-------+------------+------------+--- Banbury | St. John B. | 1241 | R. Whiting | Bishop of | — | (Seal) | | | Lincoln | | | | | | Banbury | New Almshouse | 1501 | — | — | — | | | | | Banbury | St. Leonard | _bef_ | — | — | L or Grimsbury[358] | | 1307 | | | | | | | | | | | | | _Bicester_ | _St. Mary B. V. &| 1355 | N. Jurdan | — | — | St. John B._[359]| | | | | | | | | Burford | S. John Ev.[360] | 1226 | — | Private | — | (_Seal_)| | | | | | | | | Burford | Great Almshouse | 1457 | — | — | — | | | | | Clattercote in | St. Leonard | 1166 | — | Bishop, | L Claydon[361] | (Seal)| | | Priory | | | | | | Cold Norton | _St. Giles_ | _c._ | — | Priory | — | | 1158 | | | | | | | | Crowmarsh[362] in | St. Mary | 1142 | — | Osney | L Bensington | Magdalene | | | Abbey | | | | | | Ewelme | *‡God’s House | 1437 |De la Pole | Private | — | (Seal)| | | | | | | | | Eynsham | — | 1228 | — | Abbey | — | | | | | Newnham Murren, _v._| | | | | Wallingford, Berks | | | | | | | | | | Oxford (without | *St. John B. | _c._ | _re-f._ | Crown | — E. gate) | (Seal)| 1180 | Henry III | | | | | | | Oxford (without) | *St. Bartholomew | 1126 | Henry I | Crown, | L | | | | Oriel Coll.| | | | | | Oxford (suburbs) | St. Giles[363] | 1330 | — | — | — | | | | | Oxford | St. Peter | 1338 | — | — | — | | | | | [p315] | | | | | | | | | | Oxford | St. Clement[364] | 1345 | — | — | — | | | | | Oxford | Domus Conversorum| 1234 | Henry III | — | — | | | | | Oxford | “_Bethlem_”[365] | 1219 | — | — | — | | | | | Thame | _St. | 1460 | R. | | — | Christopher_[366]| |Quartermayne| | | | | | | Woodstock[367] | St. Mary V. & | 1339 | — | | | St. Mary M.[368]| | | | | | | | | Woodstock (without) | St. Cross{368} | 1231 | — | — | L --------------------+------------------+-------+------------+------------+---

XXVIII. RUTLAND

--------------------+-------------------+-------+-----------+------------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._| _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | --------------------+-------------------+-------+-----------+------------+--- Casterton, Great | St. Margaret | 1311 | — | — | L | | | | | Oakham | *‡St. John Ev. | 1398 | W. Dalby | Private | — | & St. Anne | | | | | | | | | Tolethorpe[369] | — | 1301 | John de | — | — | | | Tolethorpe| | --------------------+-------------------+-------+-----------+------------+---

[p316]

XXIX. SHROPSHIRE

[p318]

XXX. SOMERSET

[p320]

XXXI. STAFFORDSHIRE

------------------+------------------+-------+-----------+----------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._|_Founder._ |_Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ------------------+------------------+-------+-----------+----------+--- | | | | | _Cannock_ | _St. Mary_[388] | 1220 | — | — | — | | | | | Freeford, _v._ | | | | | Lichfield | | | | | | | | | | Lichfield | *‡St. John B. | — | Bishop | Bishop | — | (Seal) | | Roger | | | | | | | Lichfield | St. Leonard | 1257 | — | — | L (Freeford) | | | | | | | | | | Lichfield | ‡Almshouse | 1504 | Milley | — | — (Bacon Street) | | | | | | | | | | Radford, _v._ | | | | | _infra_ | | | | | | | | | | Stafford | †St. John B. | 1208 |Earl Ralph | Private | — (Forebridge) | (Seal[389]) | | | | | | | | | Stafford | St. Leonard | — |Earl Ralph | Private | — | | | | | Stafford | Holy Sepulchre | 1254 | — | Private | L (Retford) | [or St. Lazarus] | | | | | | | | | Stoke-upon-Trent | St. Loye[390] | xvi | — | — | — | | cent. | | | | | | | | Tamworth or | †St. James | 1285 | P. de | Private | — Wigginton | | | Marmyon | | | | | | | Wigginton, _v._ | | | | | _supra_ | | | | | | | | | | Wolverhampton | St. Mary B.V. | 1392 | Luson, | — | — | | | Waterfall,| | | | | etc. | | ------------------+------------------+-------+-----------+----------+---

[p321]

XXXII. SUFFOLK

----------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ----------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+--- Beccles |St. Mary M. | 1327 | — | — | L | [& St. Anthony] | | | | | | | | | Bury St. Edmunds| St. John Ev. | 1256 |Abbot Edmund | Abbey | — | (God’s House) | | | | | | | | | Bury without | †St. Nicholas | _c._ | — | Abbey | — Eastgate | | 1215| | | | | | | | Bury without | †St. Saviour[391] | _c._ |Abbot Sampson| Abbey | — Northgate| | 1184 | | | | | | | | Bury without | St. Peter | xii |Abbot Anselm | Abbey | L Risbygate| | cent.| | |etc. | | | | | Bury at | †St. Petronilla | xvi | — | Abbey | L Southgate| | cent.| | | | | | | | Bury | St. Stephen[392] | — | — | Abbey | — | | | | | Clare | Almshouse | 1462 |J. Bingley | — | — | | | | | Dunwich | *‡St. James (Seal) | 1199 |Prince John | — | L | | | or W. de | | | | | Riboff | | | | | | | Dunwich | ‡Holy Trinity or | 1251 | — | Crown | — | Maison Dieu | | | | | (Seal{392}) | | | | | | | | | Eye (without) | ‡St. Mary Magdalene | 1329 | — | Town | L | | | | | Gorleston[393] | St. Mary & St. | 1331 | — | — | L |Nicholas (_Seal_[394])| | | | | | | | | Gorleston | St. James | — | — | — | L | | | | | Gorleston | St. John Baptist | xiii |_Queen | — | — | | cent.| Eleanor_ | | | | | | | Gorleston | St. Mary Magdalene | xvi | — | — | — | | cent.| | | | | | | | Gorleston | _St. Luke_ | xvi | — | — | — | | cent.| | | | | | | | [p322] | | | | | | | | | | Gorleston | _St. Bartholomew_ | xvi | — | — | — | | cent.| | | | | | | | Hadleigh | Almshouse | 1497 |W. Pykenham, | — | — | | | Rector | | | | | | | Ipswich | St. James[395] | 1199 | — | Bishop | L | | | | | Ipswich | St. Mary | 1199 | — | Bishop | L | Magdalene{395} | | | | | | | | | Ipswich near | St. Leonard[396] | xvi | — | — | L | | cent.| | | | | | | | Ipswich | _St. Thomas_{396} | — | — | — | L | | | | | Ipswich | Almshouse | 1515 |E. Dandy | — | — | | | | | Orford | St. Leonard | 1320 | — | — | L | | | | | Orford | St. John Baptist | 1389 | — | — | — | | | | | Sibton | †Hospital | 1264 | — | Abbey | — | | | | | _Stratton-in- | — | — | — | — | L Leverington_ | | | | | | | | | | Sudbury | Holy Sepulchre | 1206 |Wm. Earl of |Earldom of | — | | | Gloucester | St. Clare,| | | | | etc. | | | | | | Sudbury | Jesus Christ & St. | — |Countess | — | — | Mary B.V. | | Amicia | | | | | | | Sudbury | ‡St. Leonard | 1372 |John Colneys | Governors | L | | | | | Thetford, _v._ | | | | | Norfolk | | | | | | | | | | Thurlow, Great | St. James | 1291 | — |Alien, etc.| — ----------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+---

[p323]

XXXIII. SURREY

[p324]

XXXIV. SUSSEX

----------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ----------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+--- Arundel | St. James | 1189 | Fitzalan | Earldom | L | | | | | Arundel | Holy Trinity or | 1380 | Fitzalan | Earldom | — | Christ (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Battle | Pilgrim House, | 1076 | — | Abbey | — | afterwards St. | | | | | Thomas M.[403] | | | | | | | | | Bramber | St. Mary Magdalene | 1216 | — | Private | L (Bidlington) | | | | | | | | | | _Buxsted_ | — | _1404_| _W. Heron_ | — | — | | | | | Chichester | *‡St. Mary | 1172 | William, | Dean & | — | B. V. (Seal) | | Dean | Chapter | | | | | | Chichester | †‡St. James & | 1202 | Bp. | Crown | L without Eastgate| St. Mary Magdalene | | Seffrid II | | | (Seal[404]) | | | | | | | | | Chichester | St. Mary Magdalene | — | — | — | L Loddesdown | | | | | | | | | | Chichester | — | — | — | — | L _Rumboldswyke_ | | | | | | | | | | Chichester | — | — | — | — | L _Stockbridge_ | | | | | | | | | | Cookham in | [St. Mary V. &] | 1272 | W. |Various | — Sompting | St. Anthony | | Bernchius | [405] | | | | | | Harting | St. John Baptist | 1162 | H. Hoese | Private, | L (Dureford) | | | |_Dureford | | | | | Abbey_ | | | | | | Hastings | ‡St. Mary | 1293 | Petronilla | Town | — | Magdalene | | de Cham | | | | | | | [p325] | | | | | | | | | | Hemsworth | St. Mary | 1251 | — | — | — (in Burn) | Magdalene[406] | | | | | | | | | Lewes | St. James | — |W. de Warenne| Priory | — | | | | | Lewes (Westout) | St. Nicholas | _c._ |W. de Warenne| Priory | — | | 1085 | | | | | | | | Pevensey | Holy Cross | 1292 | — | — | — | | | | | Pevensey | ‡St. John Baptist | 1302 | — | Town | — or Westham[407]| | | | | | | | | | Playden, _v._ | | | | | Rye | | | | | | | | | | Rye or Playden | St. Bartholomew | 1219 | — | Alien, | L | | | |Crown, Town| | | | | | Seaford, near | St. James | 1171 | Roger de | Chichester| L | | | Fraxeto | Cathedral | | | | | | Seaford, without| St. Leonard | _bef_ | Roger de | Chichester| — | | 1256 | Fraxeto | Cathedral | | | | | | Shoreham | St. James | 1249 | — | — | — | | | | | Shoreham | St. Katherine[408] | 1366 | — | — | — | | | | | Sompting, | | | | | _v._ Cookham | | | | | | | | | | Westham, | | | | | _v._ Pevensey | | | | | | | | | | West Tarring | St. Mary | 1277 | — | — | — | | | | | Winchelsea[409] | †St. Bartholomew | 1292 | — | Town | — | | | | | Winchelsea | †St. John | 1292 | — | Town | — | | | | | Winchelsea | Holy Cross[410] | 1253 | — | — | — | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | Windeham | St. Edmund, | 1253 | Bishop | Bishop | — | Conf.[411] | | Richard | | ----------------+----------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+---

[p326]

XXXV. WARWICKSHIRE

----------------+-----------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ----------------+-----------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+--- Birmingham | [St. Mary V.[412] &] | 1286 | — | — | — | St. Thomas M. | | | | | | | | | Bretford | St. Edmund[413] | 1180 | Turville | Private | L (Wolstan) | | | | | | | | | | Coventry | St. John B. (Seal) | 1175 | Archdn. & | Priory | — | | | Prior | | | | | | | Coventry |St. Mary Magd. | 1181 | Hugh | Various | L Spon near | (Seal[414]) | | Keveliog | [415] | | | | | | Coventry | St. Leonard[416] | 1252 | — | — | L | | | | | Coventry | Hospital[417] | 1370 | William | — | — | | | Walssh | | | | | | | Coventry Bablake| *‡Holy Trinity | 1507 | T. Bonde | Gild, etc.| — | | | | | Coventry | *‡Almshouse[418] | 1529 | W. Ford | — | — | | | | | Henley in Arden | — | _re-f_| — | Gild | — | | 1449 | | | | | | | | Stratford-on- | Holy Cross (Seal)[419]| 1269 | — | Fraternity| — Avon | | | | | | | | | | Studley | — | — | W. de | Priory | — | | | Cantilupe | | | | | | | Warwick | [Holy Ghost[420] &] | _c._ | Earl Wm. | — | — | St. John B. | 1183 | or Henry | | | | | | | Warwick | St. Michael | _c._ | Earl Roger | Earldom | L | | 1135 | | | | | | | | Warwick | St. Thomas of | — | Earl | Knights | — (without) | Canterbury | | | Templars| | | | | | Warwick | St. Laurence | 1255 | — | — | L ----------------+-----------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+---

[p327]

XXXVI. WESTMORLAND

[p328]

XXXVII. WILTSHIRE

----------------+----------------------+-------+--------------+-----------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ----------------+----------------------+-------+--------------+-----------+--- Bedwin | St. John Baptist[422]| — | — | — | — | | | | | Bradford-on-Avon| St. Margaret[423] | 1235 | King |Shaftesbury| L | | | | Abbey | | | | | | Bradford-on-Avon| St. Katherine[424] | — | — | — | — | | | | | Bradley, Maiden | St. Mary V. [and | _c._ | Manser and | — | L | St. Matthew[425]] or | 1190 | Margery | | | [St. Lazarus] (Seal) | | Bisset | | | | | | | Calne, near | St. John B. | 1202 | Lord Zouche | — | — | [& St. Anthony[426]]| | | | | | | | | Chippenham | St. Laurence[427] | 1338 | — | — | — | | | | | Cricklade | St. John Baptist | 1231 | Guarin | Bishop of | — | | | | Sarum | | | | | | Devizes | St. John Baptist | 1207 | — | Town | — | | | | | Devizes | St. James & St. Denys| 1207 | — | — | L (Southbroom) | | | | | | | | | | Easton | — | 1246 | Stephen, | Private | — Royal[428] | | | Archdeacon | | | | | | | Fugglestone, | | | | | _v._ Wilton | | | | | | | | | | Heytesbury | †St. John or St. | _c._ | Walter, Lord | Various | — | Katherine (Seal) | 1449 | Hungerford | | | | | | | Malmesbury |†St. John Baptist[429]| — | — | — | — | | | | | Malmesbury | St. Anthony[430] | 1245 | — | — | — | | | | | Malmesbury |St. Mary | _bef_ | — | — | L (Burton by) | Magdalene[431] | 1222 | | | | | | | | [p329] | | | | | | | | | | Marlborough[432]| St. John Baptist | 1215 | Levenoth | Town | — | | | | | Marlborough | St. Thomas M. | _bef_ | — | Manor | — | | 1246 | | (Crown), | | | | | Gilbertine| | | | | Priory | | | | | | Salisbury | *‡St. Nicholas[433] | 1214 | Bishop | Bishop, | — (Harnham Bridge)| (Seal) | | | Dean & | | | | | Chapter | | | | | | Salisbury | ‡Holy Trinity [& St. | _bef_ | Agnes | Town | — | Thomas M.] (Seals) | 1379 |Bottenham[434]| | | | | | | Salisbury (East | — | 1361 | — | — | L Harnham)[435]| | | | | | | | | | Sarum, Old[436] | — | 1195 | — | — | L | | | | | Sarum, Old or | St. John Baptist | 1231 | — | — | — Stratford[437]| | | | | | | | | | Southbroom, | | | | | _v._ Devizes | | | | | | | | | | Stratford, | | | | | _v._ Sarum | | | | | | | | | | Trowbridge | Almshouse | 1483 | J. Terumber | — | — | | | | | Wilton or | †‡St. Giles [& St. | _c._ | Queen Adela |Crown, Town| L Fugglestone | Anthony[438]] (Seal) | 1135 | | | | | | | | Wilton | *‡St. John Baptist | 1190 |Bishop Hubert | — | — (Ditchampton) | | | | | | | | | | Wilton | ‡St. Mary Magdalene | 1307 | — | Abbey | — | | | | | Wootton Bassett | St. John Baptist | 1266 | P. Basset & | Various | — | | | Rector | [439] | ----------------+----------------------+-------+--------------+-----------+---

[p330]

XXXVIII. WORCESTERSHIRE

[p331]

XXXIX. YORKSHIRE

----------------+-------------------+-------+---------------+-----------+--- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ |_Date._| _Founder._ | _Patron._ | | _Description._ | | | | ----------------+-------------------+-------+---------------+-----------+--- _Aberford_[443] | — | _bef_ | — | — | — | | 1454 | | | | | | | | Allerton, _v._ | | | | | Northallerton | | | | | | | | | | Bagby[444] | — | _c._ | Mowbray | St. | — | | 1200 | | Leonard’s,| | | | | York | | | | | | Bawtry, _v._ | | | | | Notts | | | | | | | | | | Beverley | St. Giles | _bef_ | Wulse | Abp., | — | | 1223 | | Wartre | | | | | Priory | | | | | | Beverley in | St. Nicholas | _bef_ | — | Town | — Friary by | | 1286 | | | | | | | | Beverley | | 1392 | — | Town | L without | | | | | Keldgate Bar | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Beverley | Holy Trinity | 1398 | John Ake | Town | — Crossbridge | | | | | | | | | | Beverley | St. John _Baptist_| 1454 | — | — | — Laithgate | | | | | | | | | | Beverley | St. Mary B.V. | 1442 | — | Gild, Town| — without N. Bar| | | | | | | | | | Blyth, _v._ | | | | | Notts | | | | | | | | | | Braceford[445], | St. Helen | _bef_ | — | Private | — nr. Harpham | | 1389 | | | | | | | | Bridlington[446]| — | 1342 | — | Priory | — | | | | | Brompton, | | | | | Brough, _v._ | | | | | Catterick | | | | | | | | | | Broughton | St. Mary Magdalene| 1154 | Eustace | — | — nr. Malton | | | FitzJohn | | | | | | | Catterick nr. | St. Giles | 1231 | _H. | Private | — Brompton-on- | | | FitzRandolph_| | Swale | | | | | | | | | | [p332] | | | | | | | | | | Clitheroe, | | | | | _v._ Lancs | | | | | | | | | | Doncaster | St. Nicholas | 1213 | — | Beigham | — | | | | Abbey | | | | | | Doncaster | St. James (Seal) | 1227 | — | Private, | L | | | | St. Thos. | | | | | of Acon | | | | | | Doncaster (by | St. Edmund K.[447]| 1318 | — | — | — bridge) | | | | | | | | | | Doncaster | _St. Leonard_ | — | — | — | — | | | | | Edisford, | | | | | _v._ Lancs | | | | | | | | | | Flixton[448] | St. Mary V. & | x | Acehorne | — | — | St. Andrew | cent. | | | | | | | | Foulsnape, _v._ | | | | | Pontefract | | | | | | | | | | Fountains | — | 1247 | Abbot John | Abbey | — | | | (_ben._) | | | | | | | Gainsborough | Almshouse | 1495 | — | — | — | | | | | Hedon, Newton by| St. Sepulchre | 1205 | Alan | Private | L | | | FitzHubert | | | | | | | Hedon or Newton | St. Mary Magd. | 1162 | Wm. le Gros | Earls of | L Garth[449] | (Seal) | | | Albemarle,| | | | | Crown | | | | | | Hedon | _St. Leonard_ | 1413 | — | — | — | | | | | Hessle | St. James[450] | — | — | — | — | | | | | _Hoperton_ | _Bedehouse_ | 1500 | — | — | — | | | | | Hutton Locras, | | | | | _v._ Lowcross | | | | | | | | | | Killingwold- | St. Mary Magdalene| _c._ | — | Archbishop| — grove[451] | | 1169 | | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- | God’s House | 1344 | J. de Kingston| — | — Hull | | | | | | | | | | [p333] | | | | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- | ‡Maison Dieu, or | 1365 | W. and | Private | — Hull (Myton) | St. Michael, St. | | Michael Pole | | | Thomas M., etc. or| | | | | Holy Trinity | | | | | (Seal)[452] | | | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- |Mariners or Trinity| 1369 | — | Fraternity| — Hull |and Blessed Virgin | | | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- |Corpus Christi[453]| _1416_| John Gregg | — | — Hull | | | | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- |Holy Trinity or New| 1482 | — | — | — Hull | Maison Dieu | | | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- | Maison Dieu or | 1380 | Ravenser | — | — Hull | Almshouse | | & Selby | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- | Maison Dieu or | 1400 | Simon | — | — Hull | Almshouse | | de Grimsby | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- | Maison Dieu or | 1412 | Bedforth | — | — Hull | Almshouse | | | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- | Maison Dieu or | 1439 | Aldwick | — | — Hull | Almshouse | | | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- | Maison Dieu or | 1503 | Adrianson | — | — Hull | Almshouse | | | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- | Maison Dieu or | 1509 | Riplingham | — | — Hull | Almshouse | | | | | | | | | Kingston-upon- | St. James | 1513 | — | — | — Hull | | | | | | | | | | Laysingby nr. | St. Mary B.V | 1294 | J. | Bishop of | — Northallerton | | | Lythegrayns | Durham | | | | | | Lowcross[454] | St. Leonard | — | — | Private, | L | | | |Guisborough| | | | | Priory | | | | | | Malton, | | | | | _v._ Norton | | | | | | | | | | Myton, | | | | | _v._ Kingston | | | | | | | | | | Newton, _v._ | | | | | Hedon | | | | | | | | | | [p334] | | | | | | | | | | Northallerton | St. James (Seal) | _bef_ | Bishop Philip | Bishop of | — (Romanby) | | 1208 | | Durham | | | | | | Northallerton | ‡Maison Dieu | 1476 | Moore & | — | — | | | Strangways | | | | | | | Norton nr. | St. Nicholas | 1189 | R. de | — | — Malton | | | Flamvill | | | | | | | Otley | — | 1311 | Abp. | Archbishop| L | | | _Thurstan_ | | | | | | | Pickering | St. Nicholas | 1325 | — | Duchy of | — | | | | Lancaster,| | | | | Crown | | | | | | Pontefract | ‡St. Nicholas | _bef_ | _re-f._ | Duchy, | — | | 1135 | R. de Lacy | Nostell | | | | | Priory | | | | | | Pontefract by | St. Mary Magdalene| 1286 | Henry de Lacy | — | L | | | | | Pontefract | St. Mary B.V. | 1335 | Tabourere | — | — | | | | | Pontefract | ‡Holy Trinity & | 1385 | R. Knolles | Duchy, | — | B.V.M.[455] | | | Nostell | | (_Seal_) | | | Priory | | | | | | Pontefract or | St. Michael the | 1220 | — | St. John’s| L Foulsnape | Archangel | | | Priory or | | | | | Burton | | | | | Lazars | | | | | | Rerecross, | | | | | _v._ Stanemoor | | | | | | | | | | Richmond, near | St. Nicholas | 1172 | Henry II. or | Various | — | (Seal[456]) | | Glanvill[457] | [458] | | | | | | Richmond, by | St. Giles | 1402 | — | — | — | | | | | Ripon | *‡St. John Baptist| 1114 | Abp. Thomas II| Archbishop| — | | | | | Ripon | *‡St. Mary M. | _bef_ | Abp. Thurstan | Archbishop| L (Stammergate) | (Seal[459]) | 1139 | | | | | | | | Ripon (Bondgate)| St. Nicholas[460] | 1350 | — | — | — | | | | | Ripon | *‡St. Anne | 1438 | Neville | — | — | (Maison Dieu) | | | | | | | | | [p335] | | | | | | | | | | Scarborough, by | St. Nicholas | _bef_ | — | Town | — | | 1298 | | | | | | | | Scarborough | ‡St. Thomas M. | 1189 | H. de Bulemore| Town | — | | | | | Sheffield | St. Leonard | 1189 | W. de Lovetot | — | — | | | | | Sherburn-in- | St. Mary Magdalene| 1311 | — | Archbishop| — Elmet | | | | | | | | | | Skipton | St. Mary Magdalene| 1306 | — | — | — | | | | | Sprotburgh, near| St. Edmund | 1363 | Fitzwilliam | Private | — | | | | | Stanemoor or | “Spital upon | 1171 | — | Private, | — Rerecross | Stanemoor” | | | Marrick | | | | | Nunnery | | | | | | Terrington[461] | — | 1288 | — | — | — | | | | | Tickhill | St. Leonard | 1225 | — | — | L (without) | | | | | | | | | | Tickhill | Maison Dieu | 1326 | — | Humberston| — | | | | Priory | | | | | | Tickhill | Maison Dieu | — | John of Gaunt | — | — (Blyth Road) | | | | | | | | | | Well, nr. Bedale| ‡St. Michael the | 1342 | _re-f._ | — | — | Archangel | | R. de Neville | | | | | | | _Wentbridge_ | _St. Mary_[462] | 1348 | — | — | — | | | | | Whitby | St. Michael[463] | 1109 | Abbot William | Abbey | L | | | | | Whitby | St. John Baptist | 1320 | — | — | — | | | | | Yarm, near | St. Nicholas | 1185 | Brus | Private, | — | | | | Helaugh | | | | | Park | | | | | | York | St. Peter (Seal) | x | Athelstan | Minster | — | *St. Leonard[464] | cent. | | | | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | York | St. Peter (Seal) | _re-f_| Stephen | Crown | — | *St. Leonard | 1135 | | | | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | York without | St. Nicholas | 1142 | King & Abbot | Crown | L Walmgate | | | | | | | | | | York | St. Giles | 1274 | — | — | — | | | | | York without | ‡St. Thomas M. | 1390 | — | — | — Micklegate | (Seal) | | | | | | | | | [p336] | | | | | | | | | | York, Boothum | St. Mary B. V. | 1318 | R. de | — | — | (Seal[465]) | |Pickering, Dean| | | | | | | York, Boothum | St. Mary B.V. | 1481 | J. Gysburgh, | — | — | “the Less” | | Precentor | | | | | | | York, | ‡St. | 1333 | — | — | L Dringhouses | Katherine[466] | | | | | | | | | York, Fossgate | ‡[Holy Jesus & | 1365 | John | Merchant | — | B. V. M. or] | | de Roucliff |Adventurers| |Trinity[467] (Seal)| | | | | | | | | York, Monkbridge| St. Loy[468] | — | — | — | — | | | | | York, Monkbridge| St. Leonard[469] | 1350 | — | — | _L_ | | | | | York, Gillygate,| ‡St. Anthony[470] | _bef_ | J. Langton | — | — Peasholm | | 1429 | & Gild | | | | | | | York, Fishergate| Spital | 1399 | — | — | — | | | | | York, | Maison Dieu | — | Bygod | — | — Laithorpegate | | | | | | | | | | York, Ousebridge| Maison Dieu | 1319 | — | — | — | | | | | York, Markyate | Maison Dieu | 1406 | R. Howme | — | — | | | | | York, Hestergate| Maison Dieu | 1390 | T. Howme | — | — | | | | | York, Mickelgate| Maison Dieu | — | Sir R. | — | — | | | de York | | | | | | | York, | Maison Dieu | 1481 | — | — | — Whitefriars | | | | | | | | | | York, Peterlane | Maison Dieu | 1390 | J. de | — | — | | | Derthyngton | | | | | | | York, | Maison Dieu | 1397 | J. Acastre | — | — Northstreet | | | | | | | | | | York, S. | Maison Dieu | 1397 | R. Duffield | — | — Andrew’s Lane | | | | | ----------------+-------------------+-------+---------------+-----------+---

N.B.—The County of Monmouth is not included as it formed part of Wales until the sixteenth century.

[p337]

UNIDENTIFIED

----------------+---------------------+---------------+----------------- _Locality._ | _Dedication or_ | _Date._ | _County_ | _Description._ | | ----------------+---------------------+---------------+----------------- | | | Beghton[471] | St. Luke Ev. (L) | Pat. 1335 | — | | | Chestnuts, | (L) | Pat. 1256 | ? Kent Wood of[472] | | | | | | Cheston | St. Erasmus & | — | — | St. Mary M.[473] | | | | | Clayhanger | — | Pat. 1253 | ? Middlesex | | | Clelecombe[474] | St. John Baptist | Pat. 1332 | — | | | Hareford[475] | St. Mary | Close 1309 | — | | | Lanford[476] | (L) | Will 1307 | Exeter Diocese | | | Langeford | (L) | Pat. 1275 | — | | | Merston, |St. John Baptist[477]| _temp._ | Wilts nr. Chelworth | | Henry III. | | | | Newenham |St. Mary Magdalene(L)| Pat. 1256 | Newnham Regis, | | | Warwick, or | | | Newnham-on-Severn, | | | Glos. Cf. Newnham | | | Murren, Oxon. | | | Newenham | St. Mary Magdalene | Pat. 1226 | Newnham Regis, | | | Warwick, or | | | Newnham-on-Severn, | | | Glos. Cf. Newnham | | | Murren, Oxon. | | | Newenham | St. Margaret | Pat. 1332–3–4 | Newnham Regis, | | | Warwick, or | | | Newnham-on-Severn, | | | Glos. Cf. Newnham | | | Murren, Oxon. | | | “Novus Locus” | — | Close 1235 | Cf. New Place by | | | Guildford | | | Scevenloke, | St. Leonard | Pat. 1232 | — de la[478] | | | | | | Teneleshend[479]| St. Leonard | _c._ 1270 | Yorks ----------------+---------------------+---------------+-----------------

FOOTNOTES:

[165] This is identical with the 3rd Ordo given in Martene, lib. iii. c.x., from the Ritual of Bourges and Sens issued by the command of Cardinal Borbonius (Henderson).

[166] _Domum_ (Henderson); or, reading _Donum_ (with Martene, etc.) we may translate this:—“may obtain the gift of everlasting salvation.”

[167] Lincoln Taxation.

[168] In parish of Luton, _q.v._

[169] “Order of St. William in the Desert” (Patent 1253); Suntingfield-by-Boulogne (Charter Roll 1285, Pat. 1393); Crown; King’s Coll. Camb. There was “a house of St. Cross belonging to them” (Pat. 1393); possibly Ludgershall, Bucks?

[170] Private; Bishop of Lincoln; Dunstable Priory.

[171] Pat. 1232.

[172] Re-founded as “Christ’s.”

[173] Called “King John’s” locally.

[174] In Oxfordshire; cf. Crowmarsh.

[175] United 1384.

[176] Gervase of Canterbury.

[177] Pat. 1252.

[178] Under Suntingfield-by-Boulogne; cf. Farley, Beds.

[179] Pat. 1384.

[180] Cf. “House of lepers by bridge,” Tickfort by Newport (Pat. 1275).

[181] Now “Queen Anne’s.”

[182] Soc. Antiq. E. II 4 B. 8.

[183] Probably Newport, Essex, but one called New Hospital existed _c._ 1240.

[184] St. Giles (Pat. 1228), St. Margaret (Close 1229). Cf. Pat. 1392. St. Gilbert & St. Margaret (Bp.’s Reg. 1368). Or the Loke.

[185] Soc. Antiq. E. II 4 B. 8.

[186] United _c._ 1240.

[187] Or Hermitage.

[188] Or Fraternity.

[189] Cf. Pat. 1256. Fair, Exaltation of Holy Cross.

[190] Bp. Fordham Reg. 1391, 1394.

[191] Or Knights Hospitallers.

[192]? Now “King John’s.”

[193] Boughton Spital. Seal(?) B.M. Cat. 2687.

[194] Or God, St. Mary and All Saints (Pat. 1283).

[195] Lepers also at Redruth, Mousehole near Penzance, Dynmur near Bodmin, Truro, Glas, etc. (_Vide_ will of Bishop Bitton, 1307; _Lancet_, 1890.)

[196] Oliver.

[197] _Archæologia_ xxiv. 178.

[198] Drawing in Pigott Collection, Taunton Castle.

[199] Carew.

[200] See Pipe Rolls. Also Charter Roll 1290.

[201] In Vale of St. John.

[202] Cf. Pat. 1383.

[203] St. Nicholas’ chapel added 1406.

[204] Leper hospital, Pat. 1251, 1255, 1258. For St. John cf. _Rot. Hundredorum_, vol. ii. 298, 3 Edw. I.

[205] Or Spittel-on-Peak.

[206] Pat. 1258.

[207] Locko Charity exists.

[208] Lepers also at Okehampton, Sutton, Cleve, Modbury, Chadelynton, Dartmouth, Newton Ferrers, Topsham, Denbury, Tremeton, St. German’s, etc. (Will 1307, cf. Cornwall.)

[209] Or B.V.M., St. Gabriel & All Angels.

[210] Or “Hospital behind St. Nicholas,” afterwards united with St. John.

[211] B.V.M., St. John B. & All Saints (Charter)

[212] Chapel, Holy Trinity.

[213] Or Combrew; chapel, St. Roch.

[214] Will (Somerset Rec. Soc. xvi. 129).

[215] Present Almshouse St. Loye.

[216] _Archæologia_, xii. 211.

[217] Chapel, St. John Ev.

[218] Seal B.M., lxii. 13. Cat. 4203 ascribes to Ben. Priory.

[219] Chantry Cert.

[220] Seal B.M. Mediæval Room, Case D, matrix.

[221] Durham Convent’s Almoner’s Book, p. 139. In St. Oswald’s parish (Pat. 1292).

[222] Will, Mickleton MSS., vol. 47.

[223] United.

[224] St. Cuthbert added in charter.

[225] Seal, Soc. Antiq. E. II 4 B. 7.

[226] _Vita S. Godrici._

[227] Now “Christ’s.”

[228] Between Wear and Tyne.

[229] Holy Cross (Pat. 1283). Afterwards “Almighty God, Mary the Mother of Jesus Christ, St. Helen, St. Katherine and All Saints.”

[230] Seal of Gild.

[231] Pap. Letter 1402. Ely Reg. 1404. “Hermitage,” Pat. 1402.

[232] Under Mont Joux, Savoy.

[233] Cf. St. Mary (Pat. 1349).

[234] Private, Crown, Bykenacre Priory, Beeleigh Abbey.

[235] Or Sydeburnebrok (Pat. 1341), near Brentwood.

[236] Chapel, St. Margaret.

[237] Manor of Bristol, Crown, Westbury College, etc.

[238] Domus Dei by Frome Bridge (Pat. 1387).

[239] In Somerset.

[240] Or Baptist (Pat. 1306).

[241] Chapel, St. Ursula.

[242] “St. John of Jerusalem” (Papal Letters 1291).

[243] Or Isabel Ferrers.

[244] Lorrenge, near Dursley.

[245] Pat. 1256.

[246] Charter, 1 John.

[247] United (Pat. 1340).

[248] Close 1318.

[249] Charter to lazars of Ferham (Pemb. Coll. Camb.).

[250] Or Holy Trinity, B.V.M., St. Cross, St. Michael & All SS. (Close 1215); cf. Seal.

[251] Pat. 1340.

[252] Pat. 1317.

[253] Pat. 1315.

[254] Soc. Antiq., and _Vet. Mon._ III 12.

[255] Seal, Soc. Antiq. E. II 4 B. 8., _v._ also Cal. Anc. Deeds II.

[256] “Hospital for lepers of St. Augustine” (Pat. 1352).

[257] Pat. 1340.

[258] Hist. MSS. 13th R. (4) 314.

[259] Pat. 1397.

[260] Pat. 1317 may refer to one of above hospitals.

[261] Cf. Cal. of Inquisitions I 538; cf. also Trinitarian Friary (Pat. 1287).

[262] In Cambridgeshire.

[263] Afterwards Priory.

[264] Close 1327.

[265] Charter 1232 and _Liber Antiq. Hugonis Wells_ (1209–35); or Priory.

[266] In Great Stukeley (Pat. 1391).

[267] Pat. 1328.

[268] Gervase of Canterbury mentions hospitals of Bakechild and St. John in Blen; cf. Blien, Pipe Rolls and _Rot. Cancell._

[269] Or St. Nicholas (Harris).

[270] Chapel St. Mary V. (Pat. 1326). Double Dedication Pat. 1353.

[271] United with St. Thomas M.

[272] Cf. “Infirmis de Salt Wuda” (Pipe Rolls, 1168–9).

[273] Close 1299.

[274] Harris.

[275] Thus _Gent. Mag._, 1842; also called Newark.

[276] Papal Lett. 1422.

[277] Pat. 1241.

[278] Close 1343.

[279] Lepers “de Albo Fossato” (Pat. 1253) or “Wyddych” (Pat. 1443) or “next Strood” (Wills).

[280] Canterbury Chapter Library.

[281] _Re-f._ 1363 by J. Fraunceys (_Lit. Cant._ ii. 436).

[282] Soc. Antiq. E. II 4 B. 8.

[283] Or “Maldry.”

[284] Chapel, St. Thomas, M. (V.C.H.)

[285] Possibly identical.

[286] Or “Newark.”

[287] In Yorkshire; called “Edisford.”

[288] Afterwards Priory.

[289] Honor of Lancaster, Crown, Seton Nunnery.

[290] Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge.

[291] Or St. Mary and Holy Saviour, or “under Longridge”; afterwards under Templars or Hospitallers.

[292] St. John B. in Valor Ecc.

[293] Or Newark; now Trinity.

[294] Pap. Lett. 1435–6.

[295] Close 1294, 1335. Cf. Skirbeck.

[296] Pat. 1319.

[297] Afterwards Priory.

[298] Hist. MSS., 14th R. (8), 258.

[299] Double dedication Pat. 1346; chapel, St. Mary Magd. (Pat. 1339). Called Mallardly.

[300] Or Priory.

[301] Or Uffington.

[302] Collegiate Church of Holy Trinity, SS. Mary, Peter, John Ev. & John B.

[303] Pat. 1319.

[304] Braynford, “S. Ludowicus,” Ely Reg. Fordham f. 180.

[305] Cf. St. Bartholomew’s Chapel, Hackney, called Loke.

[306] Soc. Antiq. E. II 4 B. 9.

[307] “Hundeslawe,” Rot. Chart., 2 John, m. 32 _d._

[308] Cf. Seal. B.V.M. & St. Leonard. Chapel, Holy Trinity.

[309] Stow mentions Alien Hospitals at Holborn, Aldersgate, Cripplegate.

[310] Parish church, St. Giles; chapel, St. Michael.

[311] Chapels, SS. Catherine, Nicholas & Andrew.

[312] Or “of Acres.” Chapel, St. Cross (Pap. Let. 1365).

[313] Or Blessed Jesus, B.V.M. & St. John B.

[314] “The Papey,” or St. Augustine’s, for Priests.

[315] Chapel, Holy Trinity.

[316] Dugdale.

[317] Between Mile End and Stratford.

[318] Between Shoreditch and Stoke Newington.

[319] Chapel, St. Paul.

[320] Afterwards Priory.

[321] Or Boycodeswade in E. Rudham.

[322] Chapel, St. Bartholomew; afterwards Abbey.

[323] Or Setche Parva.

[324] Or St. Mary & St. Stephen; sometimes Priory.

[325] Or Priory.

[326] Norman’s Spital.

[327] Holy Trinity, B.V.M., St. Anne, St. Giles and All Saints, or St. Mary and St. Giles (Pap. Lett. 1255).

[328] _Index Monasticus._

[329] Close 1335, but probably Benedictine Cell.

[330] United.

[331] Chapel, St. Julian.

[332] In Suffolk.

[333] B.M. lxvi. 10, Cat. 3974, unidentified, but cf. _Sigilla Antiq. Norfolc._ (Ives); also Palmer I, 368.

[334] Originally St. John Ap.; St. John B. occurs 1301.

[335] B. M. Mediæval Room, Case D, matrix.

[336] Cal. of Inq. V, p. 256.

[337] Cf. “Infirmis de Hecham” (Pipe Rolls).

[338] Probably identical with St. James’, Rushden, 1230, Reg. of Hugh of Wells (Cant. and Yk. Soc., p. 153).

[339] Pat. 1258, Bridges II, 473.

[340] Peck, _Antiq. Annals_, vii. pp. 7, 12; _Survey_, p. 5.

[341] In Lincolnshire.

[342] In Scotland.

[343] Segden by Berwick.

[344] Cf. Papal Letters, 1290, Pat. 1348.

[345] Pat. 1246. Cf. Trinitarian House on Bridge, but J. Scott mentions three hospitals besides Friary.

[346] Cal. Inquisitions II.

[347] Pat. 1331.

[348] In Redesdale.

[349] Spiteldene.

[350] Upon Blyth.

[351] Pat. 1391.

[352] _History of Northumberland_, V, 237.

[353] Occasionally “Baptist.”

[354] Pat. 1330, 1332.

[355] _Records_, i, 126.

[356] Chapels, St. Mary, St. Thomas M.

[357] Chapel St. Mary B.V. (1311).

[358] In Northants.

[359] Possibly never completed.

[360] Occasionally “Baptist.”

[361] Near Cropredy; Gilbertine Priory.

[362] Cf. Wallingford and Newnham.

[363] Pat. 1330, 1346, at Rotherweye.

[364] Pat. 1345.

[365] See Wood.

[366] Fraternity.

[367] Also House of SS. Nonne and Sonndaye, _c._ 1560 (W. A. Bewes, _Briefs_).

[368] One almshouse built 1220 (Close Rolls). Cf. Leper women of Woodstock (Close, 234).

[369] Afterwards College.

[370] Towards Oldbury. Cf. “St. Lazarus,” Close 1231.

[371] Eyton’s _Salop_, I 16, 349.

[372] Soc. Antiq. E. II 4 B. 7.

[373] Existing 1554, Hist. MSS. 13th R. (4) 281.

[374] “Del Path by Newport.”

[375] St. Nicholas, Christ, B.V.M. and All SS.

[376] Owen and Blakeway’s _Hist._ ii. 173.

[377] id. ii, 470. cf. B.M. lxxi 34.

[378] Annexed to St. John’s.

[379] Chapel of St. Michael attached.

[380] Cf. Lincoln Taxation.

[381] Chant. Cert.

[382] W. Phelps gives St. Margaret’s; cf. Warner.

[383] Will of Bishop Hugh, 1212, Pat. 1235.

[384] B.M. civ. 13. Cf. Soc. Antiq. _Minutes_ iv. 189.

[385] In Curry Rivell.

[386] Will, _supra._

[387] Pat. 1334.

[388] Rot. Claus. 1220.

[389] Soc. Antiq. E. II 4 B. 9.

[390] Chant. Cert.

[391] Chapel, St. Thomas M.

[392] Index Mon.

[393] Southtown or Little Yarmouth. See B. M. Egerton, 2130.

[394] B.M. lxxi, 103. Cat. 3216.

[395] United.

[396] N. Bacon’s _Annalls_.

[397] Pat. 1231, 1331.

[398] Afterwards Priory.

[399] “Commonly called of the Holy Ghost” (Pat. 1436); St. Mary & All SS. (Stow).

[400] Seal shows St. Michael. Soc. Antiq. E. II 4 B. 8.

[401] Originally Holy Trinity & St. Thomas; now in Lambeth.

[402] “Le Loke”; “atte Stonlok”; without St. George’s Bar; or the lepers of St. Thomas Wateryng.

[403] Occurs 1345.

[404] Lewes Museum (64).

[405] Private, Heringham Priory, Knights Hosp.

[406] Pat. 1251.

[407] Called Gorogltown.

[408] Afterwards St. Saviour (Seal). Cf. Leper-house, 1287.

[409] Leper-house mentioned 1287.

[410] Pat. 1253; or Holy Rood, Pat. 1426.

[411] Or with St. Mary.

[412] Pap. Lett., 1437.

[413] There was Leper-house, _c._ 1180; cf. Pat. 1274. St. Edmund occurs Pat. 1257.

[414] Soc. Antiq. E. II, 4 B. 8.

[415] Priories of Basingwerk, Coventry, and Studley.

[416] Pat. 1252, 1256.

[417] W. Salt Arch. Trans. 8, New Series.

[418] Called Greyfriars.

[419] Cf. Papal Petition, 1364; Pap. Lett., 1427, 1432.

[420] Double dedication, Pat. 1337.

[421] Cf. “Haye” (Pat. 1297).

[422] P. R. O. Ancient Deeds, _C._ 3000.

[423] Pat. 1235, _Wilts Mag._, v. 36.

[424] _Wilts Mag._, xx. 316.

[425] Pat. 1242. Fair on Feast of St. Matthew (Charter 1215); cf. Surtees Soc. xxxi. 83, 91.

[426] Pat. 1248.

[427] Pat. 1338.

[428] Served by Maturin Friars.

[429] _Reg. Malmes._ ii. 75; cf. Pat. 1344–5 and _Wilts Mag._, xxix. 122.

[430] Pat. 1245; cf. leper-house, near South Bridge (Leland).

[431] _temp._ Abbot Walter, _Reg. Malmes._ ii. 80; cf. Pat. 1235. Pat. 1344; cf. note 9.

[432] Leper-house, 1221.

[433] Chapels, St. Nicholas, St. Mary V.

[434] _Re-f._ J. Chaundeler (Pat. 1394).

[435] Wills, Hoare vi. 92.

[436] Feet of Fines, 7 Ric. 1.

[437] By the Castle.

[438] Pat. 1465.

[439] Despenser, Crown, etc., Bradenstoke Priory.

[440] “Wichio,” Pat. 1285.

[441] Probably identical.

[442] Chapel, St. Godwald.

[443] Yks. Arch. Soc. Record Ser. 39, p. 108.

[444] In Kirkby Knowle.

[445] Cf. Breydeford (Linc. Tax., 1291).

[446] Pap. Letters, 1342.

[447] Pat., 1318.

[448] Or Carman’s Spital.

[449] Neuton by Overpaghele in Holderness (Charter, 1301).

[450] Guisboro’ Chartulary.

[451] In Bishop Burton.

[452] Seal, Soc. Antiq. E. II, 4 B. 8. Now Charterhouse Charity.

[453] Or Maison Dieu of Christ.

[454] Or Giseburn.

[455] Or Hardwick Spital.

[456] Yks. Arch. Journ. XIII 45.

[457] _Re-f._ W. Ascogh 1448.

[458] Earls of Richmond, Crown, Private.

[459] C. Hallett, Bell’s Cath. Series, p. 138.

[460] Pat. 1350.

[461] Cal. of Inq. p.m. II, 666.

[462] Pat. 1348.

[463] Whitby Chartulary.

[464] Or Cremet-house Chapels. St. Katherine, St. Michael.

[465] B.M. lx. 69. Cat. of Seals 2685, ascribed to Boughton, Chester.

[466] Pat. 1333.

[467] St. John & Our Lady (Drake).

[468] Drake.

[469] Pat. 1350. Probably for lepers, cf. _Test. Ebor._ I. 414.

[470] Pap. Lett. 1429. Cf. Pat. 1446.

[471] “atte briggesende.” Cf. Beighton, Derbs.

[472] “Chastynners.” Cf. note 3.

[473] Seal,? Bodleian; cf. Soc. Antiq. E. II, 4 B. 9. “Sig hospitalis Scōrum Erasemi et marie magdalene de Chestoñ.” Cf. note 2.

[474] Cf. Chilcombe, Dorset.

[475] Cf. Hertford, Hereford.

[476] Cf. Lamford, Cornwall; drawing of seal in Taunton Castle, Pigott Coll.

[477] Walcott, Eng. Minsters II 275.

[478] Cf. St. Leonard “atte Loke” in Southwark.

[479] Bodleian Charter, No. 160.

[p339]

BIBLIOGRAPHY

_Monasticon Anglicanum._ . . . Dugdale.

_Notitia Monastica._ . . . Tanner.

_Monasticon Diœcesis Exon._ . . . G. Oliver, 1846.

_Index Monasticus._ . . . R. C. Taylor, 1821.

English Minsters, etc., Vol. II. . . . M. E. C. Walcott, 1879.

Dictionary of National Biography.

Itinerary. . . . Leland, ed. Hearne.

Calendars of Patent and Close Rolls, Papal Registers, Chronicles and Memorials and others of Rolls Series.

Rolls of Parliament, Statutes, _Valor Ecclesiasticus_.

Calendar of Letter-books, London. . . . R. R. Sharpe.

Calendar of Wills, London. . . . R. R. Sharpe.

Royal Wills (Nichols). _Testamenta Vetusta_ (Nicolas).

Hospitals and Asylums of the World [Early Systems, etc.]. . . . H. Burdett.

Hospitals of Middle Ages, etc. [Architecture]. . . . F. T. Dollman, 1858.

The Builder. Oct. 1908 to July 1909 [Architecture]. . . . Sidney Heath.

Catalogue of Seals in British Museum. I. . . . W. de Gray Birch.

Studies in Church Dedications. . . . F. E. Arnold-Forster, 1899.

County Histories of Durham (Surtees), Leicester (Nichols), Wilts (Hoare), etc.

History of Northumberland, 1893.

Victoria County History.

Hedon (J. R. Boyle, 1895), Higham Ferrers (J. Cole, 1838), Kingston-upon-Hull (G. Hadley, 1788), Newark (C. Brown, 1904), Sandwich (W. Boys, 1792), Survey of London (Stow), etc.

[p340]

MONOGRAPHS ON HOSPITALS

Canterbury. . . . _Bibliotheca Topographica Brit._, Vol. I, No. xxx. . . . J. Duncombe and N. Battely.

Canterbury. See also Ancient Cities. . . . —— . . . J. C. Cox.

Chichester. . . . Domus Dei. . . . H. P. Wright, 1885.

Croydon. . . . _Bib. Top. Brit._, II. . . . Ducarel.

Durham. . . . Kepier, etc. . . . Surtees Society, Vol. 95.

Gretham. . . . Collections, 1770.

Kingsthorpe. . . . —— . . . C. A. Markham.

London. . . . Book of the Foundation of St. Bartholomew. . . . Norman Moore.

London. . . . Domus Conversorum. . . . Michael Adler, 1900.

London. . . . Domus Conversorum. Rolls House, etc. . . . W. J. Hardy, 1896.

London. . . . Royal Hospital of St. Katharine. . . . F. S. Lea, 1878.

London. . . . St. Mary Roncevall. . . . James Galloway, 1907.

London. . . . Memorials of the Savoy. . . . W. J. Loftie, 1878.

London. . . . St. Thomas M. of Acon. . . . J. Watney, 1892.

Portsmouth. . . . Domus Dei. . . . H. P. Wright, 1873.

Salisbury. . . . Cartulary of St. Nicholas’ Hospital (_Wilts Record Soc._) . . . C. Wordsworth, 1902.

Sherburn. . . . Collections, 1773. . . . G. Allan.

Southampton. . . . God’s House. . . . J. A. Whitlock, 1894.

Stamford. . . . Domus Dei. . . . H. P. Wright, 1890.

Wells. . . . Archit. History of. . . . J. H. Parker and T. Serel.

Winchester. . . . Memorials of St. Cross. . . . L. M. Humbert, 1868.

Winchester. . . . Hospital of St. Cross. . . . W. T. Warren.

Worcester. . . . Annals of St. Wulstan’s. . . . F. T. Marsh, 1890.

York. . . . Account of . . . St. Leonard’s Hospital. . . . Raine, 1898.

[p341]

RECORDS, REGISTERS, ETC.

Camden Soc., 1876, XI, Historical Collections of Citizen. . . . [W. Gregory].

Canterbury and York Society.

Exeter, Episcopal Registers of. . . . Ed. F. C. Hingeston-Randolph.

Pipe Roll Society.

Record Soc. of Hampshire (Winchester Registers). . . . Ed. F. J. Baigent.

Record Soc. of Lincoln. . . . Ed. A. W. Gibbons.

Record Soc. of Somerset.

Record Soc. of York (Arch. Assn.), Vols. 17, 23.

Surtees Soc. (York Manual, York Wills, _Vita S. Godrici_, Gray’s Register, Chantry Surveys, etc.)

Worcester Historical Society. . . . Ed. J. Willis Bund.

City Records of Gloucester. . . . Ed. Stevenson, 1893.

City Records of Northampton, II. . . . Ed. J. C. Cox.

City Records of Norwich . . . Ed. Hudson and Tingey, 1906.

City Records of Nottingham.

HISTORICAL MSS. COMMISSION

4th R.—Aynho, Blyth, Brackley, Marlborough, Oxford, Romney, etc.

5th and 8th R.—Romney.

6th R.—Bridport, Hythe, Southampton, Winchester.

9th R.—Canterbury, Ewelme.

12th R.—Gloucester.

14th R.—Bury St. Edmunds.

1900, Beverley. 1907, Wells, Exeter.

COMMISSION FOR ENQUIRING CONCERNING CHARITIES

R. vi.—Bath. R. viii.—Northallerton.

R. xxxii., Pt. vi.—London: Bethlehem, St. Bartholomew’s, St. Thomas’.

[p342]

TRANSACTIONS OF SOCIETIES

Bristol and Glos. Arch., VIII, XVII (Cirencester). . . . E. A. Fuller.

Bristol and Glos. Arch., XX (Gloucester). . . . S. E. Bartleet.

Clifton Antiq. Club, I (St. Katherine’s Hospital). . . . A. E. Hudd.

Clifton Antiq. Club, III (Seals). . . . R. H. Warren.

Cumb. and Westm., X (Leper Hospitals). . . . H. Barnes.

Arch. Cantiana, VII (Dover), VIII (Canterbury).

Arch. Æliana, 1892 (Newcastle). . . . W. H. Knowles.

Somerset, XVIII, ii. (Taunton). . . . T. Hugo.

W. Salt Arch. Soc., 8 (Stafford). . . . T. J. de Mazzinghi.

Sussex, XXIV (St. Mary’s, Chichester). . . . C. A. Swainson.

Sussex, LI (St. Mary’s, Chichester). . . . A. Ballard.

Wilts, XI (Heytesbury) X, XXVI (Wilton).

Yorks, XII (Pontefract). . . . R. Holmes

ON LEPROSY

Archæological Essays, II, “On Leprosy and Leper Hospitals,” etc. . . . J. Y. Simpson, ed. John Stuart, 1872.

British Arch. Assn., XI, 1855. . . . T. J. Pettigrew.

New Sydenham Soc., Prize Essay. . . . George Newman, 1895.

History of Epidemics, Vol. I, ch. II. . . . Chas. Creighton.

Nineteenth Century, 1884, “Leprosy: Present and Past.” . . . Agnes Lambert.

Leprosy and Segregation. . . . H. P. Wright, 1885.

[Cf. Statuts d’hotels-dieu et de léproseries. . . . Léon Le Grand, 1901.

Les Maisons-Dieu et léproseries de Paris. . . . Léon Le Grand, 1898.

Un règlement intérieur de Léproserie (Noyon) . . . A. Lefranc, 1889.

Danish Lazar-houses (New Syd. Soc.). . . . E. Ehlers, 1901.

Die Aussatzhäuser des Mittelalters. . . . E. Lesser, 1896.]

[p343]

GENERAL INDEX

N.B.—Appendix B is not included in the following Index. For references to Saints see also under Dedications.

Abbots, 9, 10, 38, 50, 75, 92, 121, 126, 131, 141, 190, 204, 215–7, 247

Abingdon, 37, 205

— almshouse, 120–1, 235, 249

Abuses, 39, 41, 141, 146, 164, 195, ch. xv, ch. xvi, _passim_

Acehorne, 70

Adam Rypp, 83

Adela, Queen, 73–4

Admission of inmates, 39, 41, 52–3, 55, 59, ch. viii _passim_, 127 _et sq._

Aelred of Rievaulx, 50, 251

Agnes Bottenham, 89

Alfune, 185

Alien houses, 208–9, 228, 257, 258

Alkmonton, 44, 147, 175, 257

Alms, 41, 54, 64, 75, 78, 98, 134, 135, 145, 170, ch. xiii; oblations, 197

Alms-box, 186, 192–3

Alnwick, 261, 267

Altars, 85, 128, 152, 162 _et sq._, 252

_Amis and Amiloun_, 40, 104–5

Andrew, St., 191, _v._ Dedications

Anthony, St., 208–9; fire of, 49, 257; pigs of, 258, _v._ Dedications

Architecture, ch. viii

Armiston, 175, 203

Arundel—

— Holy Trinity, 19, 80, 245

— [St. James], 147

— Earls of, 80

Athelstan, 2, 64, 70

Augustine, St., _v._ Dedications, Order, Rule

Aynho, 5, 183, 226, 253

Baldock, 183

Bale, Bishop, 72, 193, 268

Bamburgh, 210

Banbury, 28, 81, 250

Barnstaple, 179

Barstaple, John, 18, 84, 85

Bartholomew, St., 93, 95, 191, _v._ Dedications, London

— Anglicus, 43, 61, 65

Basingstoke, 24, 73, 203, 244

Bath—

— St. John, 158, 233

— St. Mary M., Holloway, 34, 124, 166, 183, 248

— physicians of, 64

— prior of, 34

— waters, 34, 63–5

Battle, 3, 50

Bawtry, 123, 124, 183

Beaufort, Cardinal, 25, 81

Bec, 5, 267

Beccles, 46, 64

Becket, 266, 268, _v._ Thomas, St.

Bede-houses, 15, 18, 29

Bedford, 17

— St. John, 17 n., 175, 225

— St. Leonard, 187, 188, 242, 262

Beere, Richard, 10, 121, 124

Beggars, begging—6, 10, 12–14, 25, 28, 53, 69, 140, 170–1, 237, 239, 259

Bells, 197–9; leper’s bell, 48, 68, 69

Benedict, St., _v._ Dedications, Order, Rule of

Benedict of Canterbury, 65, 266

Bequests, 33, 154, 164, 172, 181–2, 186, 199; to lepers, ch. iv, 72, 79, 104

Berkeley (Longbridge), 189, 197–8, 245

Bermondsey, 79

Berwick-on-Tweed, 54, 109

Beverley, 6, 16, 55

— Holy Trinity, 141, 163–4, 234

— St. Giles, 2 n.

— St. Nicholas, 224

Bidlington, 53, [59]

Bishops, 2–3, 16, 126–7, 187 _et sq._, ch. xiv

Bisset, Margaret, 74

Bladud, 63

Blind, 4, 12, 15, 24, 25, 31, 80, 95, 98, 156, 229, 231

Blyth, 8, 44, 254

Bodmin, 46, 146, 257

Bolton (Northumberland), 145, 267

_Book of the Foundation_, 77, 92, 106–7, 253

Boughton-under-Blean, 42

Brackley, 8, 84–5, 99, 124, 181, 206, 226, 253–4

Bracton, 57

Brand, 87

Brentford, fraternity, 246; hospital, 8, 261–2

Brentwood, 62

Bridgwater, 5, 27, 122, 153, 159, 206, 213, 270

Bridport—

— St. John, 150

— St. Mary M., Allington, 138, 145, 189

Briefs, 34, 41, 187 _et sq._

Brinklow, (Mors), 14, 224, 228–9, 231

Bristol, 22, 32, 54, 88, 99

— Foster’s almshouse, 124, 234, 247

— Holy Trinity, 18, 85, 163

— St. Bartholomew, 19, 65, 89, 182, 226, 256

— St. John, 250

— St. Katherine, 127, 260

— St. Lawrence, 72, 257

— St. Mark, 125, 127, 149, 166, 170, 174, 199, 206, 236, 247, 254–5

— St. Mary M., 147, 198–9, 201, 252

Briwere, William, 76

Brough, 11, 197, 246

Browne, William, 83, (90), 269

Bubwith, Nicholas, 17, 81

Burgesses, founders, 78, 81–3, 84; patrons, 16–17, 18, 163, 172–3, 184; pensioners, 17, 42

Burton Lazars, 37, 63, 122, 179, 208, 251

Bury St. Edmunds, 6, 7, 72, 179, 205, 255

— St. Nicholas, 183, 257

— St. Petronilla, 119–20, 147, 256

— St. Saviour, 75, 183, 245

— lepers, 44, 46, 256

Calne, 225

Cambridge, 99–100, 262

— St. John, 73, (127, 168)

— Colleges, 208, 226

— _v._ Stourbridge

Camden, 74, 116

Canterbury, 179, 192–3

— Priests’ hosp., 23, 123

— St. John, 15, 71, 106, 109, 124, 153, 155, 156, 164–5, 169, (186), 190, 192, (240), 241, 250

— St. Laurence, 215, 257

— St. Thomas, 1, 4, 7, 8, 11, 124, 153, 167, 173, (240), 245, 265–6

— Abbey, 215, 257

— Archbishops of, 4, 7, 10, 81, 144, 181, 222, 228–9, 267, _v._ Edmund, St., Thomas, St.

— Priory, Cathedral, 31, 64, 192, 266–8 (Prior) 154

— _v._ Harbledown, Pilgrimage, Thanington

Capelford-by-Norham, 109

Capgrave, John, 56

Carlisle, 37, 38, 109, 130, 146, 184, 218, 242

— Bishop of, 58

Carpenter, John, 33, 44, 82

Castle Carrock, 58

Cathedral foundations, 2, 16, 216, 233, 256, 264

Cemetery, burial, 133, 197, 199–200, 202, cf. 276

Chantry, 24, 29–30, 232, 234–5, 259

— Survey, 164, 225, 227, 234, 245, 270

Chapel, ch. viii, 133, ch. xi, 180, 197 _et sq._

— ornaments, 163 _et sq._, 223

Chatterton, 65–6

Chaucer, 145

Chester—

— St. Giles, 184

— St. John, 162

— St. Ursula, 17

— Earls of, 92, 184

Chesterfield, 257, 261

Chichele, Henry, 19, 27, 81, 228–9

Chichester, 179

— St. James, 34, 159, (264)

— St. Mary, 5, 16, 77, 112, 113, 124, ch. ix, 158, 166, 174, 240

— Bishops of, 34, 162–3, 264, _v._ Richard, St.

— Dean of, 77, 128

Children, cured, 4, 98; maintained, 22–3, 26–8, 182

Chroniclers, 15, 20–1, 23, 36, 37, 40, 48, 50, 52, 56, 60, 64–5, 86, 92 _et sq._, 106–7, 131, 264–5, _v._ _Book of Foundation_

Clappers, 68–9, 135, 251, 251 n., 276

Clattercot, 147, 179, 205

Clergy, 77, 205–6, 220–2, _v._ Masters, Priests

Clist Gabriel, 24, 246

Clothing, 21, 33, 134–5, 137, 140, 152, 174–7, 207, 259, 270, 273, 275, 276 (habit), 128–9, 131–2, 141

Cockersand, 78, 205

Coke, Lord, 57

Colchester—

— Holy Cross, 18, 190, 210, 235, 248–9

— St. Anne, 190

— St. Mary M., lepers, 71–2, 130, 183, 215, 270

Colet, Dean, 193

Colleges, 25, 81, 204, _v._ Cambridge, Oxford

Colyton (Devon), 58

Commandery, 207, 250

Compostella, 7, 253

Constitution, ch. ix, ch. xiv

Copland, Robert, 12–13, 224

Corrody, (98 _et sq._, 104), 213–4, 223

Council (Lateran), 51, 52, 148, 195, 200 (Westminster), 195

Coventry, 12, 80

— Bablake, 116, 245

— Ford’s, 121, 156

— St. John, 34

Crediton, 123, 211

Cricklade, 78

Cripples, lame, etc.—6, 8, 15, 25, 34, 36, 94–6, 98, 99, 101, 156, 223, 262, 268

Cromwell, Thomas, 223, 232, 268

Crowmarsh, 108

Croydon, 17, 34, 90, 120, 137, 140, 155, 157, 175, 204

Crusades, 4, 36–7, 73, 76, 79

Cuthbert, Billingham, 11, (172)

Darlington, 59, 97

David, Prince, 50, 251, 260

Davy, Ellis, (90, 120), 175

Deaf and dumb, 3–4, 15, 31, 95

Dedication of Hospitals—

— Alexis, St., 259

— All Saints, 269

— Andrew, St., 255

— Anne, St., 261, 262

— Annunciation of B.V.M., 246

— Anthony, St., 245, 256–8

— Augustine, St., 258

— Bartholomew, St., 252–3

— Benedict, St., 258

— Bernard, St., 258

— Brinstan, St., 263

— Chad, St., 263

— Christ’s, 245, 270

— Christopher, St., 259

— Clement, St., 256

— Corpus Christi, 245

— Cuthbert, St., 263

— David (Dewi), St., 263

— Denys, St., 262

— Domus Dei, 47, 90, 244

— Edmund, K.M., St., 264

— Edmund, Abp., St., 264–5

— Eligius (Loy), St., 262

— Ethelbert, St., 264

— Gabriel, St., 246

— George, St., 252, 259

— Giles, St., 262

— God’s House, 89, 90, 244–5

— Godwald, St., 263

— Helen, St., 248, 261

— Holy Angels, 246

— Holy Cross, 248–9

— Holy Ghost, 245–6

— Holy Innocents, 246–7

— Holy Jesus, 245

— Holy Saviour, 245, 252

— Holy Sepulchre, 248–9

— Holy Trinity, 244–5, 269, 270

— James, St., 252, 253

— John Baptist, St., 244, 246, 249–51, 254, 266

— John Evangelist, St., 253–4

— Julian, St., 259

— Katherine, St., 260–1, 270

— Laudus, St., 262

— Lawrence, St., 256–7

— Lazarus, St., 249–52

— Leger, St., 262

— Leonard, St., 247, 252, 261–2

— Louis, St., 262

— Loy, St., _v._ Eligius, St.

— Luke, St., 254–5

— Margaret, St., 245, 260

— Mark, St., 247, 254–5

— Martha, St., 252

— Martin, St., 262

— Mary, St., the Blessed Virgin, 244, 246–7, 251, 266, 269

— Mary Magdalene, St., 47, 246, 249–52, 261

— Matthew, St., 254–5

— Michael, St., 246, 269

— Nicholas, St., 257, 258

— Oswald, St. (Bishop), 263

— Paul, Ap., St., 255–6

— Paul the Hermit, St., 255–6

— Peter, St., 255–6

— Petronilla, St., 255–6

— Roch, St., 262–3

— Stephen, St., 255, 267

— Theobald, St., 262

— Thomas, Ap., St., 255

— Thomas the Martyr of Canterbury, St., 245, 265–9

— Three Kings of Cologne, 246–7

— Ursula, St., 260–1

— Virgins, Eleven Thousand, 261

— Wulstan, St., 263

Denwall, 255

Derby, 179, 218, 261

Diseases, 36, 49, 54, 62, 63, 93, 150, 168, 258

— Black Death, 24, 42–3

— dropsy, 4, 36, 265

— elephantiasis, 48, 49, 50

— epilepsy, falling sickness, 3–4, 13, 32

— erysipelas, 49, 257

— fever, 4, (86), 253

— insomnia, 92–3

— leprosy, ch. iv, ch. v

— paralysis, 4, 24, 31, 32, 96

— pestilence, 24, 42–3, 45–6, 179, 222, 257

Disendowment, 29, 228 _et sq._

Dissolution, 14, 150, 171, 209, ch. xvi

Donnington, 19, 155, 211

Dover—

— St. Bartholomew, Buckland, 4, 37, 130–2, 134, 144, 146, 147, 159, 174, 183, 252

— St. Mary, 4, 11, 73, 109, 116–7, 127, 155, 162, 170–1, 192, 203, 206, 213, 223, 233

Droitwich, 216

Dunstable, 199

Dunwich, 95

— Holy Trinity, 73, 190, 245

— St. James, 72, 122, 253

Durham, 6

— Maison Dieu, 11, 172

— St. Mary M., 123, 163, 203, 215

— Bishops, diocese of, 16, 44, 97, 123, 170, 185, 233, 253, 264–5

— Prior of, 215, 254

Eadmer, 15, 106

Easton Royal, 211

Edinburgh, 71

Edmund the Archbishop, St., 162, 164, 189, 191, 264

Education, 21, 26–8, 80–1, 151, 226

Edward the Confessor, 37

— I, 21, 79, 208, 213

— II, 60, 213, 216

— III, 53, 80, 208, 214, 220

— IV, 45, 63, 102, 216

— VI, 10, 46, 164, ch. xvi

Eleanor, Queen, 79

Ellis, Thomas, 83

Elsyng, William, 24, 81

Ely, 179

— St. John, 110, 152, 220, 233

— Bishop of, 8, 55, 83

Endowments, ch. vi, ch. xii, ch. xiii

Erasmus, 45, 193

Eudo, 72

Ewelme, 19, 27, 34, 80, 88, 90, 111, 120, 140, 151, 157, 161, 163, 175, 203, 217, 222

Exeter, 3, 78

— Bonville’s, 261, 263

— Grendon’s, 120, 182

— Wynard’s, 27, 151, 161

— St. Alexis, 107, 108, 259

— St. John, 16, 27, 54, 107, 108, 163, 199, 254

— St. Katherine, 123–4

— St. Mary M., lepers, 37, 46, 54, 102–3, 139, 146, 184

— Bishops, diocese of, 24, 26, 38, 54, 58, 60, 184, 189, 246, 254

— Mayor of, 102

Fairs, 72, 182–3, Part II _passim_

Famine, 36, 40

Farley, 209

Festivals, 164, 169–71, 197–8, 202, Part II _passim_

Finchale, 96–7

Fitz-Herbert, Judge, 55, 60

Flixton, 2, 70, 255

Food and drink, 33, 41, 84, 128, 131, 136–7, 139, 185, 223, ch. xii, 275–6

Forster, Stephen, 33, 182

Foulsham, 103

Founders, ch. vi, 95, 127, 161, 178 _et sq._, 236, 237, etc., _v._ Patronage

France, 261–2

— hospitals in, 86, 114, 209, 227

— kings of, 45, 56, 73, 191–2, 262

— lepers in, 56, 72, 86, 147–8, 177, 181

— war with, 80, 99, 109, 208–9

Francis, St., 50, 52, 69, 148, 209

Fraternity, 18–19, 25, 186–7, 235, 246, 256, 259

Friars, 21, 65–6, 79, 209–11, 227

Fuller, Thomas, 36, 81, 229, 231–2

Funds, ch. xii, 225, 229, 238, 242

Furniture, 117, 134–5, 276

— beds, etc., 8, 117, 134, 135, 137, 172–3, 180, 276

— utensils, 135, 169, 173, 177, 182, 276

Gateshead, 16, 123, 125, 263, 264–5

Geoffrey Fitz-Peter, 76

— de Vinsauf, 36

Gervase of Canterbury, 48

— of Southampton, 78, 259

Gilds, 18, 121, 232, 235

Glanvill, Gilbert, 72, 76, 87

— Ralph, 75–6

Glastonbury, 9–10, 234

— St. Mary M., 115, (124), 198, (234)

— Women’s almshouse, 124, 165, (234)

— Abbots of, 9, 10, 121, 124

Gloucester—

— St. Bartholomew, 73, 109, 127, 156, 180, 223, 253

— St. Margaret, St. Sepulchre, 124, 134, 146, 172

— St. Mary M., 123, 200

— lepers of, 55; Dudstan, 179

Godric, St., 96–7

Gorleston, 79, 232, 255

Gower, John, 154

Grandisson, John, 26, 189, 254

Gravesend, 180

Greatham, 16, 152, 156, 165, 233, 263

Gregory, St., 143

— William, 9, 25, 33, 82

Grendon, Symon, 120, 182

Grimsby, 10, 262

Grindal, Edmund, 226

Guarin, 77

Gundulf, 50, 71

Guy de Chauliac, 61, 67

Hackney, 45, 54, 148

Harbledown, 37, 40, 42, 63, 71, 106, 117, 130, 136, 139, 143, 144, 145, 147, 169, 176, 179, 181, (186), 192–3, (240), 257

Harting, 183, 250

Hawaii, 49

Hedon, 130, 249, _v._ Newton

Hempton, 255

Henry I, 71, 170, 179

— II, 72, 74, 114, 180, 181, 191, (267), 268

— III, 20, 73, 74, 99, 107, 146, 162, 171, 180, 187, 195, 202, 213, 256

— IV, 99, 102, 228, 230

— V, 100, 102, 222, 228, 230

— VI, 45, 102, 161, 208

— VII, 12, 80, 88, 122, 179

— VIII, 10, ch. xvi, 268; Commissioners of, 171, 227, 232

— de Blois, Bishop, 75, 86

— of Lancaster, 80, 82, 85

— de Sandwich, 85

Hereford—

— St. Anthony, 208

— St. Ethelbert, 16, 264

— St. John, 246

— Leper-hosp., 46, 179–80, 261

— Bishop of, 87

Heringby, 204

Hertford, 211

Hexham, 5, 41, 130

Heytesbury, 19, 27–8, 80, 90, 135, 140, 151, 156, 160–1, 175, 270

Higham Ferrers—

— Bedehouse, 19, 27, 81, 114, 115, 135, 156, 157, 169, 173, 186, 204

— lepers, 179–80

Highgate, _v._ Holloway

Hocclive, 181

Hoddesdon, 256, 258, 262

Holderness, 2, 70, 75, 219

Holloway (Middlesex), 35, 102, 245, 258, Highgate, 45, 102

Holloway (Somerset), _v._ Bath

Holy Land, 7, 76, 104, _v._ Crusades, Jerusalem

Honiton, 46, 124

Hooker, Richard, quoted, 244

Hornchurch, 209, 258

Hospitality, ch. i, 87–8, 152

Hubert de Burgh, 76, 171

Hugh, St., 50–1, 66, 67, 144, 180; “little St. Hugh,” 21

— Foliot, 87

— Garth, 78

— d’Orivalle, 37

— Pudsey, 75, 170

Hungerford, 147; Lord and Lady of, 80 (90)

Huntingdon—

— St. John, 260

— St. Margaret, 41, 147, 226, 260

— David, Earl of, 50, 251, 260

_Hye Way to the Spyttell hous_, 12, 255

Hythe, 16, 255

Indulgences, 188 _et sq._, 248

Infants maintained, 9, 26

Ilford, 37, 117, 124, 126, 141, 144, 145, 147, 160, 179, 221, 264, 266

Infirmary, 111 _et sq._, 117, 149, 153, 154, 162, 167, 250

_Infirmi_, 48, 179

Inmates, 15, 22, 90, 145–6, 156, 182, 239

— named, ch. v, ch. vii, 134, 183, etc.

Insane, 4, ch. iii, 57, 90, 219, 238, 253

Inventory of hospital, 117, 163

Ipswich, 72, 100, 183

Isbury, John, 162

Japan, 52, 67 n.

Jerusalem, 36, 248–50, _v._ Knights of St. John

Jews, 19–23, 56, 73, 79, 99–100

John Baptist, St., 163, 206–7, _v._ Dedications

John, King of England, 57, 72, 75, 78, 86, 183, 184, _v._ Bale

— King of France, 191–2

— of Campeden, 151

— of Gaddesden, 60, 61

— of Gaunt, 42, 164

— Mirfield, 149

Jurisdiction, ch. xiv

Katharine of Aragon, 100, 260

Kepier, 16, 75, 152, 185, 233, 262

Kingsthorpe, 112, 126, 263

Kingston (Surrey), 39

Kingston-upon-Hull—

— Corpus Christi, 245

— Maison Dieu, 80, 246, 269

— fraternity, 19

Knghtsbridge, 80, 103

Knights of St. John, 101, 206–7, 248, 249–51

— of St. Lazarus, 207–8

— Templars, 206–7, 248

Knolles, Robert, 80

Lambourn, 162

Lancaster—

— St. Leonard, 72, 144, 146, 261

— Dukes of, 80, 82, 150, _v._ John of Gaunt

Lanfranc, 50, 71, 106, 143, 155, 250, 257

Langland, 29, 32, 251–2

Launceston, 242, 261

Lazar, 49, 251–2, _v._ Leper

Lazarus, St., 66, 207–8, _v._ Dedications

— the beggar, 49, 51, 65, 251–2

Lechlade, 152, 250

Ledbury, 5, 197

Legislation—

— ecclesiastical, 51, 52, 56, 58–9

— local, 41–3, 53, 55, 132, 148, 186

— national, 38, 46, 52, 56–8

Leicester, 179, 198, 254, 264

— St. Mary, Trinity, 80, 116, 124, 164, 169, 190, 204, 227, 246

— Wigston’s hosp., 116, 186, 261

— Parliament of, _v._ Parliament

Leland, John, _Itinerary_ of, 2 n., 11, 19, 22–3, 64, 74, 78, 85, 111, 115, 116, 122, 156, 224, 225, 247, 255, 259, (263), 269

Lenton, 187, 257

Leper-houses, ch. iv, 117–9, _passim_

Lepers, 4, ch. iv, ch. v, 130 _et sq._, 143–9, 167–70, 172, 173, 175–7, 179–80, 184, 209–10, 262, etc., 273–6

— charity to, 37, ch. v, ch. vi, 209–10

— examination of, 43, 59–63

— expulsion of, 52 _et sq._, ch. vii, 186

— illustrations of, 47, 59, 64, 68, 177, 180

— laws, 52 _et sq._, _v._ Legislation

— married, 58, 102, 103, 134–5, 147–8, 275

— miraculous cures, 64, 97–8

— named, 36, 37, ch. v, 74, ch. vii, 134, 141, 148, 201

— services for, 67, 159–60, 199–201, 203, 273–6

Leprosy, _supra_—

— contagion, 51–2, 98, 136, 275–6

— decline of, 28, 34, 36, 42–7, 226

— extent, 35–6

Lewes, 37, 112, 233

Lichfield—

— St. John, 28, 81, 124, 162

— Bishop of, 28, 81, 162

Lincoln, 38

— Holy Innocents, lepers, 37, 39, 45, 51, 71, 100–2, 130, 145–7, 179, 180, 187, 203, 208, 247

— St. Giles, 24, 163

— St. Katherine, 26, 205

— St. Sepulchre, 26, 205

— Bishops of, 58, 60, 71, 187, 202, _v._ Hugh, St., Robert Grossetête

— Cathedral, 163, 187–8

— Jews of, 21, 99

Lingerscroft, Creak, 183, 205

London, 6, 12–14, 31, 32, 43, 53, 148, 205

— Bedlam, _v._ St. Mary of Bethlehem

— Domus Conversorum, 19–23, 73, 79, 99–100, 107, 247

— Elsyng Spital, 24, 82, 150, 206, 247

— Papey, 25, 258

— Queen’s hosp., 180

— St. Anthony, 208–9, 257–8

— St. Bartholomew, ch. i _passim_, 31, 76, 77, 82, 85, 86, 92 _et sq._, 98, 106–7, 114, 122, 149, 156, 180–2, 185, 205–6, 236–40, 248, 253

— St. Giles, Holborn, 38, 42, 45, 71, 73, 107, 145, 148, 179, 208, 262, 270

— St. James, _v._ Westminster

— St. Katharine-by-the Tower, 25, 27, 72, 79, 152, 260

— St. Mary of Bethlehem, 32–4, 186, 210, 238–9, 247

— St. Mary without Bishopsgate, 5, 8, 78, 156, (205), 236–7, 247

— St. Mary of Roncevall, 209, 247

— St. Paul’s almshouse, 16, 256

— St. Thomas of Acon, 207, 248, 266, 268

— St. Thomas, _v._ Southwark

— Savoy, 12, 80, 88, 121–2, 150, 173, 233, 240

— Whittington’s almshouse, 82, 175

— Bishops of, 37, 38, 77, 126, 141, 144, 160, 240

— Cathedral, St. Paul’s, 16, 94, 256; Dean of, 141

— Jews, _v._ Domus Conversorum

— Lepers in or near, 42–3, 45, 47, 53, 55, 62, 138, 148, 179, 186, _v._ St. Giles (_supra_), Hackney, Holloway, Knightsbridge, Mile End, Westminster

— Lord Mayor, citizens, 6, 34, 41–2, 52, 53, 138, 238

Long Stow, 78

Louis, St., 73, _v._ Dedications

Ludlow, 18, 120

Lunatics, 4, ch. iii, 90, 219, 253

Lutterworth, 225

Lydd, 45, 55

Lyme Regis, 119, 246

Lynn, lepers of St. Mary M., 16, 77, 134, 136, 170

Madmen, _v._ Insane

Maiden Bradley, 74, 147, 179, 181, 182, 205, 254

Maison Dieu, 29, 72, 244, etc.

Maldon, 42, 168, 179

Mallardry, 51, 53, 100, 192

Manual (Sarum), 175, 273

Margaret of Scotland, St., 71, 260

Marlborough, 171–2, 235–6

Master (Warden, etc.), 21, 27, 78, 110, 116, ch. ix, ch. x, 161, 164, 174, 182, 196, 198, 203, 204, 248, ch. xiv.

Matilda of Boulogne, 72

— the Empress, 72, 170

— _v._ Maud

Matthew Paris, 20–21, 23, 86, 107, 131, 264–5

Maud, Queen, 50, 71, 86, 107, 179

Maundy Thursday, 73, 170

Medical writers—

— Bartholomew, 43, 61, 65

— Gordon, 61

— Guy de Chauliac, 61, 67

— John of Gaddesden, 60, 61

— John Mirfield, 149

Medicine, 64, 65, 149–50, 238

“Meselle,” 48, 57, 69, 105, _v._ Leper

Mile End, 46–7

Miracles of healing, 3, 64–5, 92 _et sq._, 97, 98, 102, 267–8

Monasteries, 3, 11, 41, 50, 57, 74, 75, 78, 97, 122, 131, 204 _et sq._, 215–6, 227–8, 232, 233, 234, 256, 266, _v._ Abbot, Alien Houses, Prior

Newark, 50, 63, 179

Newbury—

— St. Bartholomew, 72, 183

— St. Mary M., 147

Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 19

— St. Katherine, (83), 110–1

— St. Mary B. V., 164, 206

— St. Mary M., lepers, 44, 46

— Mayor of, 44, 83

Newport (Essex), 179, 183, 247

— (Isle of Wight), 258

— Pagnell, 181, 254

Newstead, 206

Newton Bushell, 46

— Garth (Holderness), 75, 183, 219, 221, _v._ Hedon

Nicholas of Farnham, 16, 123, 264–5

Norman period, 3, 37, 109, 123, 199

Northallerton—

— almshouse, 11

— St. James, 16, 110, 153, 167, 233, 253

Northampton, 179, 181

— St. John, 16, 77, 116, 124, 203, 251, 254

— St. Leonard, 203, 261

Norwich, 78, 180, 255, 256, 258

— St. Giles, 24, 27, 77, 85, 114, 120, 127, 156, 164, 170, 181, 182, 233, 240, 261, 262

— St. Paul, 203, 256

— St. Saviour, (78), 245

— Bishops of, 77, 85, 104, 267

— lepers, 55, 103, 104

Nottingham—

— Plumptre’s almshouse, 188, 203, 246

— St. John, 16, 126, 128, 133, 137, 143, 153, 198

— St. Leonard, 261

— St. Sepulchre, 249

Nurses, 153–4, _v._ Sisters, Women

Oakham, 124, 129, 261

Offices, _v._ Services

Order of—

— Holy Sepulchre, 205

— Holy Trinity, Maturin, 210–11

— Mendicant, 209–11

— St. Anthony, 208–9, 257–8

— St. Augustine, 152, 205–6, 258

— St. Benedict, 174, 206

— St. Gilbert, 26, 205

— St. John of Jerusalem, 206–7, 249–50

— St. Lazarus, 207–8, 251

— St. Mary of Bethlehem, 210

— St. William, 209

— The Temple, 206–7, 248

Orphans, 26, 90, 100, 239

Ospringe, 73, 99, 192, 196, 213, 219

Oswald, St., 70, _v._ Dedications

Oxford, 61, 108, 155, 179, 222, 256

— Domus Conversorum, 22, 73, 99

— St. Bartholomew, 38, 39, 71, 118, 123, 133, 143, 145, 146, 191, 242, 252–3

— St. John, 1, 5, 73, (86), 107, 111, 127, 152, 155, 168, 171, 202, 213–4, 219

— Colleges, 24, 81, 111, 127, 149–50, 191, 226

Pardoner, 153, 189

Parliament, 29, 38, 196, 214, 216, 221, 225, _v._ Statutes of Leicester, 8, 15, 31, 34, 70, 178, 194, 212, 228, 244

Patronage, 212–7, _v._ Founders—

— Cathedral, 15–6, 216, 256, 264

— Crown, 71, 130, (146), 202, 216, 217, 232–3, 261

— Episcopal, 15–6, 179, 183, 216, 233

— Town, 15–17, 73, 130, 163, 172–3, 235–40

Penalties, 54, 55, 138 _et sq._, 161, 163

Pestilence, _v._ Diseases

Peter, Bishop of Winchester, 76, 86

— Chaplain, 77

— Mayor of Winchester, 62

Peterborough, 50, 63, 205, 266

— lepers, 50, 180

Philip, Bishop of Durham, 16, 253

Philippa, Queen, 217

Physicians (leech, surgeon), 4, 59–67, 149–50, 218, 230, 237, 265, _v._ Medical writers

Pilgrim, ch. i, 65, 71, 78, 167, 190–2, 205, 207, 249, 265

— poem called, 5

— sign, 265

Pilgrimage, ch. i, 31, 190 _et sq._, 197, 203, 249

— Bury St. Edmunds, 6, 7

— Canterbury, 1, 4, 7, 10, 11, 64–5, 96, 98, 191–3, 265, 268

— Compostella, 7, 253

— Finchale, 96–7

— Glastonbury, 9–10

— Holy Land, 4, 7, 36, 104, 250

— Rome, 1, 3, 7, 8

— Walsingham, 5, 7

Pipe Rolls, 48, 178–80

Plumptre, John, 188, (203)

Plymouth, 146

Pole, Alice, 80, 85, (90), 161

— Michael, 80, 246, 269

— William, 80, 161

Pontefract—

— Knolles’ hospital, 27, 80

— St. Nicholas, 2n., 150, 170, 175, 217, 221, 234

Pope, 7, 58, 59, 87, 146, 188, ch. xiv, 221, 260

Portsmouth—

— God’s House, 104, 113–4, 123, 125, 199, 221, 233, 269

— [St. Mary M.], 109

Potyn, Symond, 137, 160

Poverty, 14, 29, 40, 239, _v._ Beggars, begging

Prayers for benefactors, 29, 70, 82, 86, 88, 131, 160, 161–2

Preston, 150

Priests (chaplains, etc.)—

— hospital staff, 19, 115, ch. x, 174–5, 211, 224, _v._ Clergy, Master

— parochial clergy, 17, 58–60, 67, 78, 103, 130, 137, 187–8, 197–8, 204, 211, 273–6

— leprous, 58–9, 91, 103, 256

— sick and poor, 23–5, 32, 156, 213–4, 219–20

Prior, 76, 130, 154, 199, 204, 205, 215–6, 221, 254

Proctor, 46–7, 96, 145, 152–3, 186, 187, 189

Puckeshall, 99

Racheness, 183

Rahere, 76, 77, 85, 86, 95, 106, 185, (248), 253

Ranulf Flambard, 16, 75

Reading—

— St. John, 25, 128, (205), 226

— [St. Mary M.], lepers, 136, 139, 146, 176

— Elias, monk of, 64–5

Reformation of hospitals, 34, 194–5, 212, 221, 222, 226, 229, 236–9, _v._ Visitation

Reginald of Durham, 52, 60, 96–7

Relics, 190–3, 255, 256, 260, 263, 264

— of Holy Cross, 95, 190, 210, 248–9

— of St. Bartholomew, 93, 191, 253

Richard, St., 162, 264

— I, 36, 72, 76, 207

— II, 42, 79, 99, 104, 210, 214, 267

— Orenge, 102–3

Richmond, 179

Ripon—

— St. Anne, 115, 165, 261

— St. John B., 124

— St. Mary M., 5, 41, 124, 165

Robert Grossetête, 99, 126

— de Meulan, 83

— de Stichill, 16

Roche, 104

Rochester, 153 n.

— St. Bartholomew, 32, 37, 39, 71, 123, 124, 144, (179), 196, (199), 252–3, 271

— St. Katherine, 17, 39, 137, 160

— St. Nicholas, 39, 102

— Bishops of, 71, 76, 87, 255

— infirm, lepers, 39, 71, 102, 179, 192

Roger of Hoveden, 37

— Earl of Winchester, 84

Rome, 1, 3, 7, 8, 86, 188, 221, 245, 253, 256, 257, _v._ Council, Pope

Romney, 45; leper-hospital, 148, 188, 226, 267

Romsey, 187

Royston—

— SS. John and James, 253

— St. Nicholas, 39, 183, 257

Rule of religion, 126, 131, 220, _v._ Orders

— of St. Augustine, 152, 174, 205–6, 258

— of St. Benedict, 174, 206

Rye, 17, 209

Sacraments, 143–4, 198, 201, 203, 274–5

St. Albans, 6

— St. Julian, lepers, 40, 68, 117, 131, 134, 136, 168, 175, 176, 179, 215, 259

— St. Mary, 215

— Abbot of, 40, 126, 131, 214–5

St. Neot (Cornwall), 58–9

Salisbury—

— Holy Trinity, 8, 26, 33, 89, 165–6, 245

— St. Nicholas, 5, 16, 113, 114, 124, 129

— Bishop of, 16, 86, 114, 126, 262

— lepers, 181

Saltwood, 179

Sampson, Abbot, 75

Sandon (Surrey), 206, 245

Sandwich, 17

— St. Bartholomew, 19, 85, 123, 124, 129, 160, 163, 168, 169, 171

— St. John, 11–12, 155, (157), 163, 168, 172–3, 185

— St. Thomas, 83

— lepers, 44

Sarum, Use of, 3, 273

Saxon period, 2–3, 37, 63–4, 70–1

Scarborough, 16, 37, 91

Schools, 22–3, 26–8, 151, 226

Scotland—

— lepers in, 56

— war with, 41, 99, 101, 109, 218

Seaford, 253

Seals, 18, 47, 93, 103, 107, 108, 147, 152, 178, 180, 205, 208, Part II _passim_

Seamen, 9, 19, 88–9

Sedgefield, 96

Services, 67, 140, 143–4, 151, ch. xi

— of admission, 128–9, 131–2

— at seclusion, 104, 134, 136, 273–6

— at expulsion, 141

_Seven Works of Mercy_, 88, 90, 237

Sherborne (Dorset)—

— St. John, 115, 166, 224, 250, 254

— St. Thomas, 255

Sherburn (Durham), 44, 48, 75, 109, 117, 118, 119, 123, 124, 136, 139, 145, 147, ch. xi, ch. xii, 202, 233, 242–3, 252

Shoreham, 253

Shrewsbury—

— St. Chad, 201, (204), 263

— St. George, 259

— St. Giles, lepers, 179, 184, 187, 270

Shrines, _v._ Pilgrimage, Relics

Simon Fitz-Mary, 247

Sisters, 99, 101, 136, 142, 146, 147, 152–6, 168–9, 233, _v._ Women

Skirbeck, 207

Smyth, Bishop, 28, 81, 162

Soldiers, 8, 9, 13, 99

Southampton—

— God’s House, St. Julian, 11, 78, 125, 168, 178, 206, 221, 259

— St. Mary M., lepers, 16, 180, 184

Southwark, St. Thomas, 22, 82, 154, 156, 206, 236–40, 266, 268

Sparham (Norfolk), 60

Spital-on-the-Street, 264

Spondon, 200, 208

Springs, Healing, 31, 63–4

Stafford—

— St. John, 108

— [St. Sepulchre, Retford], 40–1

Staindrop, 25

Stamford—

— Bede-house, 29, 83, 90, 111, 115, 124, 165–6, 186, 269

— SS. John and Thomas, 5, (87), 217, 266

— St. Sepulchre, 249

Statutes, 8, 194–6, 212, 214, 225, 227, 234, _v._ Legislation, Parliament, Vagrancy

— of hospitals, 7, 34, 38, 77, 132 _et sq._, 143, 147, 151, 154, 157, 217, 218, etc.

Stephen, St., 191, _v._ Dedications

— King, 57, 72, 75, 206, 261

— , Archdeacon, 211

Stoke-upon-Trent, 225, 262

Stourbridge, 123, 179, 182, 248

Stow, John, 69, 233, 239, 247

Stratford-on-Avon, 24, 235, 249

— Stony, 181

Strood, 4, 72, 76, 206

Stubbes, Philip, 30

Stydd by Ribchester, 207

Sudbury, 42, 130, 242

_Supplication of Poore Commons_, 14, 231

Swinestre, 183

Tamworth, 123

Tandridge, 205

Taunton, 235

— St. Margaret, Spital, (?98), 121, 245–6

— monk of, 97; prior of, 52, 98

Tavistock, 259, 262

_Testament of Cresseid_, 66, 105, 135, 177

Thame, 19, 259

Thanington, St. James (Canterbury), 146, 147, 154, 192, 198

Thetford—

— St. John, 183, 250

— St. Mary, 5, 259

Thomas the Martyr, St., 4, 189, 244, 249, _v._ Dedications

— Jubilee of, 7, 10

— miracles of, 65, 96, 98, 267–8

— relics of, 64, 192–3, 265

— shrine of, 4, 31, 266–8, _v._ Pilgrimage

— sign of pilgrimage, 265

Thornton, Roger, 83, 111

Thrapston, 168

Thurlow, 209

Tiverton, 124

Tong (Salop), 204

Torrington (Taddiport), 124

Towcester, 181

Tweedmouth, 270

Vagrancy, 6–7, 10, 13, 14, 28, 171, 227, 239

Visitation of hospitals (inquisitions), 33, 41, 132, 138, 150, 173, 174, 195, 202, 218

Voltaire, quoted, 36

Wallingford, 16, 57

Walsingham, 5, 7, 103

Walsoken, 245

Walter de Lucy, 50

— de Suffield, 77, 85 (164, 182)

— Archdeacon, 77

— Vicar, 78

Warden, _v._ Master

Warwick, St. John, 246;

— St. Michael, 225

Wayfarers, ch. i, 70, 110, 167, 171, 206, 207, 211, _v._ Pilgrim, Vagrancy

Well, lepers’, 63, 104, 119, 276, _v._ Springs, Healing

Wells, 158

— St. Saviour, Bubwith’s, 17, 81, 114, 115, 124, 151

— Bishops of, 76, 81

Westminster, 6, 53, 79, 122

— St. James, 43, 73, 147, 150, 182, 188–9, 233

— Council of, 52, 72

— Statute of, 7

West Somerton, 76, 215

Whitby, 75, 92, 246, 264

Whittington, Richard, 82–3, 175

Whittlesea, 83

William, Dean, 77

— Earl of Albemarle, 75

— Earl of Salisbury, 181

— of Canterbury, 64–5

— de Monte, 51–2

— of Wykeham, 81, 151

Wills, of benefactors, _v._ Bequests, of inmates, 133, 134

Wilton, 17

— St. Giles, 73, 99, 125 (181), 262

— St. John, 124, 181, 205

Wimborne, 124, 166

Winchcomb, 225

Winchelsea, 17

Winchester, 3, 263

— St. Cross, 75, 81, 86, 110, 121, 122, 125, 151, 166, 169, 170, 171, 175, 207, 216, 221, 240, 248

— St. John, 81, 110, 124, 178, 187, 235, 241

— St. Mary M., lepers, 118, 119, 134, 146, 168, 179, 241, 251 n.

— Bishop of, 187, 206, 216, 221, _v._ Beaufort; Henry; Peter; William of Wykeham

— Earl of, 84

— Mayor of, 62, 81

Windeham, 24, 264

Windsor, 180, 258

— lepers of, 179, 226

Wolsey, Cardinal, 229, 232

Women—

— inmates, 8–9, 12, 13, 25, 26, 33, 74, 82–3, 90, ch. vii, 132, 139, 146, 147, 176

— on staff, 139, 145, 147, 152 _et sq._, 168–9, 173, 174

Woodstock, 73, 147

Worcester—

— St. Oswald, 2, 48, 70, 122, 199, 263

— St. Wulstan, 2, 24, 70–1, 98, 110, 172

— Bishop of, 127, 202, _supra_

Wulstan, St., 2, 24, 70–1, 86, 98, _v._ Dedications

Wycomb, High [St. John], 123, 183 [St. Margaret], 183

Wynard, William, 161

Yarmouth, 186, 190

Yeovil, 259

York, 2, 3, 12, 72, 80

— Holy Trinity, 245

— Monkbridge, 134

— St. Leonard or St. Peter, 2, 26, 70, 72, 96, 110, 152, 154–6, 162, 170, 172, 174, 178, 180–1, 184–5, 199, 204, 214, 216, 222–3, 232, 242, 256, 261

— St. Loy, 262

— St. Mary, Bootham, 24

— St. Nicholas, lepers, 28, 39, 117, 132, 138, 145–6, (170), 174, 203, 218, 232

— St. Peter, _v. supra_

— St. Thomas, 235

— Archbishop of, 41, 126, 130, 153, 183, 197

— Dean of, 24, 26, 216

— Minster, 2, 26, 21

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HERALDRY. By THOMAS SHEPARD

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CASTLES AND WALLED TOWNS OF ENGLAND. By ALFRED HARVEY, M.B.

SCHOOLS IN MEDIÆVAL ENGLAND. By A. F. LEACH

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TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

Original printed spelling and grammar are retained, with a few exceptions noted below. Illustrations have been moved from their original locations to nearby places between paragraphs. Footnotes have been renumbered 1–479, and changed to endnotes. Original italics _look like this_. Original small caps are all capitals. Text originally printed in boldface are all capitals in this simple text format edition.

The original LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS and LIST OF PLATES were formatted in loose tabular form. These have been converted to list form, with ellipses suggesting the original columns. The word “ditto” was replaced by repeated text.

Ditto marks were used extensively in the original Appendix B, and in the Bibliography. The original intended scope of these marks is often questionable, and would be even more so if they were to be retained in an ebook. Therefore, ditto marks are replaced with repeated text. Likewise, large curly brackets “{” meant to show grouping of text on multiple lines have been eliminated. In a few places, e.g. page 298, the glyphs “┌” and “└” were employed to indicate multiple-line grouping in lieu of large brackets.

A few of the tables of Appendix B were printed without column headings because the headings could be inferred from another table printed on the same page. Herein, each table has been provided with column headings. Tables that were continued from one page to another are herein combined. The Bibliography was printed in tabular form, but is herein converted to list format, with ellipses indicating the original columns.

The original printed index employed white space at the beginning of a line to indicate distinct subtopics under a topic heading; for instance subtopics St. Chad, St. George, and St. Giles, under heading Shrewsbury. In this edition, em dashes have been substituted for the initial spaces. The original index already employed em dashes to indicate repetition of a first word in several distinct topics. For instance, topics “Hugh, St., — Foliot, — Garth, — D’Orivalle, and — Pudsey”. These em dashes have been retained.

Page 154. Removed unmatched double quotation mark from the end of the first paragraph.

Page 168. Added right double quotation mark to the phrase ‘who for a time “ate nothing that had suffered death’.

Page 236. There is a glyph that has no unicode point. Herein, “[~c]” designates a latin small letter c with tilde above.