Chapter 7

XIII TREATY OF AMITY AND COMMERCE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE UNITED NETHERLANDS. [_Faustissimo Foedere Junctæ._] Faustissimo foedere junctæ. die VII Octob. MDCCLXXXII. [Rx]. Justitiam et non temnere divos. I. G. HOLTZHEY. 13 74

XIV LIBERTAS AMERICANA. [_Surrender of the British Armies at Saratoga and at Yorktown._] Libertas Americana. [Rx]. Non sine diis animosus infans. DUPRÉ. 14 86

XV BENJAMIN FRANKLIN. Benj. Franklin natus Boston. XVII Jan. MDCCVI. [Rx]. Eripuit coelo fulmen sceptrum que tyrannis. AUG. DUPRÉ. 16 95

XVII CAPTAIN JOHN PAUL JONES. [_Capture of the Serapis._] Joanni Paulo Jones classis præfecto. Comitia Americana. [Rx]. Hostium navibus captis aut fugatis. DUPRÉ. 17 97

XVIII XIX PRESIDENT GEORGE WASHINGTON. [_First President of the United States of America._] George Washington President. 1792. 18 113

XX THE DIPLOMATIC MEDAL. To peace and commerce. [Rx]. The United States of America. DUPRÉ. 19 115

XXI PRESIDENT JOHN ADAMS. [_Second President of the United States of America._] John Adams President of the U.S. A.D. 1797. [Rx]. Peace and friendship. 20 127

XXII CAPTAIN THOMAS TRUXTUN. [_Action with the Vengeance._] Patriæ. patres. filio. digno. Thomas Truxtun. [Rx]. United States frigate Constellation of 38 guns, &c. 21 128

XXIII PRESIDENT THOMAS JEFFERSON. [_Third President of the United States of America._] Th. Jefferson President of the U.S. A.D. 1801. [Rx]. Peace and friendship. REICH. 22 133

XXIV COMMODORE EDWARD PREBLE. [_Naval operations against Tripoli._] Edwardo Preble duci strenuo Comitia Americana. [Rx]. Vindici commercii Americani. REICH. 23 135

XXV PRESIDENT JAMES MADISON. [_Fourth President of the United States of America._] James Madison President of the U.S.A. D. 1809. [Rx]. Peace and friendship. REICH. 24 151

XXVI CAPTAIN ISAAC HULL. [_Capture of the Guerrière._] Isaacus Hull peritos arte superat Jul. MDCCCXII Aug. certamine fortes. [Rx]. Horæ momento victoria. REICH. 25 153

XXVII CAPTAIN JACOB JONES. [_Capture of the Frolic._] Jacobus Jones virtus in ardua tendit. [Rx]. Victoriam hosti majori celerrime rapuit. FÜRST. 26 160

XXVIII CAPTAIN STEPHEN DECATUR. [_Capture of the Macedonian._] Stephanus Decatur navarchus, pugnis pluribus, victor. [Rx]. Occidit signum hostile sidera surgunt. FÜRST. 27 163

XXIX CAPTAIN WILLIAM BAINBRIDGE. [_Capture of the Java._] Gulielmus Bainbridge patria victisque laudatus. [Rx]. Pugnando. FÜRST. 28 166

XXX LIEUTENANT EDWARD RUTLEDGE McCALL. [_Capture of the Boxer._] Edward R. McCall navis Enterprise præfectus. Sic itur ad astra. [Rx]. Vivere sat vincere. FÜRST. 29 171

XXXI LIEUTENANT WILLIAM BURROWS. [_Capture of the Boxer._] Victoriam tibi claram. patriæ mæstam. [Rx]. Vivere sat vincere. FÜRST. 30 174

XXXII CAPTAIN OLIVER HAZARD PERRY. [_Victory of Lake Erie._] Oliverus H. Perry, princeps stagno Eriense. classim totam contudit. [Rx]. Viam invenit virtus aut facit. FÜRST. 31 176

XXXIII CAPTAIN JESSE DUNCAN ELLIOTT. [_Victory of Lake Erie._] Jesse D. Elliott. Nil actum reputans si quid superesset agendum. [Rx]. Viam invenit virtus aut facit. FÜRST. 32 183

XXXIV CAPTAIN JAMES LAWRENCE. [_Capture of the Peacock._] Jac. Lawrence dulce et decorum est pro patria mori. [Rx]. Mansuetud. maj. quam victoria. FÜRST. 33 185

XXXV CAPTAIN THOMAS MACDONOUGH. [_Victory of Lake Champlain._] Tho. Macdonough. Stagno Champlain clas. Reg. Brit. superavit. [Rx]. Uno latere percusso. alterum impavide vertit. FÜRST. 34 189

XXXVI CAPTAIN ROBERT HENLEY. [_Victory of Lake Champlain._] Rob. Henley Eagle præfect. palma virtu. per æternit. florebit. [Rx]. Uno latere percusso. alterum impavide vertit. FÜRST. 35 193

XXXVII LIEUTENANT STEPHEN CASSIN. [_Victory of Lake Champlain._] Step. Cassin Ticonderoga præfect. Quæ regio in terris nos. non plena lab. [Rx]. Uno latere percusso. alterum impavide vertit. FÜRST. 36 195

XXXVIII CAPTAIN LEWIS WARRINGTON. [_Capture of the Épervier._] Ludovicus Warrington dux navalis Ameri. [Rx]. Pro patria paratus aut vincere aut mori. FÜRST. 37 197

XXXIX CAPTAIN JOHNSTON BLAKELEY. [_Capture of the Reindeer._] Johnston Blakeley Reip. Fæd. Am. nav. Wasp dux. [Rx]. Eheu! bis victor patria tua te luget plauditq. FÜRST. 38 200

XL MAJOR-GENERAL JACOB BROWN. [_Victories of Chippewa, Niagara, and Erie._] Major General Jacob Brown. [Rx]. Resolution of Congress November 3. 1814. FÜRST. 39 203

XLI MAJOR-GENERAL PETER BUEL PORTER. [_Victories of Chippewa, Niagara, and Erie._] Major General Peter B. Porter. [Rx]. Resolution of Congress November 3. 1814. FÜRST. 40 215

XLII BRIGADIER-GENERAL ELEAZER WHEELOCK RIPLEY. [_Victories of Chippewa, Niagara, and Erie._] Brig. General Eleazer W. Ripley. [Rx]. Resolution of Congress Novemb. 3. 1814. FÜRST. 41 219

XLIII BRIGADIER-GENERAL JAMES MILLER. [_Victories of Chippewa, Niagara, and Erie._] Brigadier Genl. James Miller. [Rx]. Resolution of Congress November 3. 1814. FÜRST. 42 223

XLIV MAJOR-GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT. [_Victories of Chippewa and Niagara._] Major General Winfield Scott. [Rx]. Resolution of Congress November 3. 1814. etc. FÜRST. 43 224

XLV MAJOR-GENERAL EDMUND P. GAINES. [_Victory of Erie._] Major General Edmund P. Gaines. [Rx]. Resolution of Congress November 3. 1814. FÜRST. 44 226

XLVI MAJOR-GENERAL ALEXANDER MACOMB. [_Victory of Plattsburgh._] Major General Alexander Macomb. [Rx]. Resolution of Congress November 3. 1814. FÜRST. 45 233

XLVII MAJOR-GENERAL ANDREW JACKSON. [_Victory of New Orleans._] Major General Andrew Jackson. [Rx]. Resolution of Congress February 27. 1815. FÜRST. 46 238

XLVIII CAPTAIN CHARLES STEWART. [_Capture of the Cyane and of the Levant._] Carolus Stewart navis Amer. Constitution dux. [Rx]. Una victoriam eripuit ratibus binis. FÜRST. 47 245

XLIX CAPTAIN JAMES BIDDLE. [_Capture of the Penguin._] The Congress of the U.S. to Capt. James Biddle. etc. [Rx]. Capture of the British ship Penguin by the U.S. ship Hornet. FÜRST. 48 249

L PRESIDENT JAMES MONROE. [_Fifth President of the United States of America._] James Monroe President of the U.S.A. D. 1817. [Rx]. Peace and friendship. FÜRST. 49 253

LI MAJOR-GENERAL WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. [_Victory of the Thames._] Major General William H. Harrison. [Rx]. Resolution of Congress April 4. 1818. FÜRST. 50 254

LII GOVERNOR ISAAC SHELBY. [_Victory of the Thames._] Governor Isaac Shelby. [Rx]. Battle of the Thames. Octo. 5. 1813. FÜRST. 51 265

LIII TREATY OF COMMERCE WITH FRANCE. Lvdovicvs. XVIII Franc. et. Nav. rex. [Rx]. Gallia. et. America. foederata. ANDRIEU. GAYRARD. 52 266

LIV PRESIDENT JOHN QUINCY ADAMS. [_Sixth President of the United States of America._] John Quincy Adams President of the United States 1825. [Rx]. Peace and friendship. FÜRST. 53 270

LV PRESIDENT ANDREW JACKSON. [_Seventh President of the United States of America._] Andrew Jackson President of the United States A.D. 1829. [Rx]. Peace and friendship. FÜRST. 54 271

LVI COLONEL GEORGE CROGHAN. [_Defence of Fort Stephenson._] Presented by Congress to Colonel George Croghan 1835. [Rx]. Pars magna fuit. FÜRST. 55 272

LVII PRESIDENT MARTIN VAN BUREN. [_Eighth President of the United States of America._] Martin Van Buren President of the United States A.D. 1837. [Rx]. Peace and friendship. FÜRST. 56 275

LVIII PRESIDENT JOHN TYLER. [_Tenth President of the United States of America._] John Tyler, President of the United States. 1841. [Rx]. Peace and friendship. 57 276

LIX PRESIDENT JAMES KNOX POLK. [_Eleventh President of the United States of America._] James K. Polk President of the United States. 1845. [Rx]. Peace and friendship. PEALE. 58 280

LX MAJOR-GENERAL ZACHARY TAYLOR. [_Victories on the Rio Grande._] Major General Zachary Taylor. [Rx]. Resolution of Congress July 16th 1846, etc. 59 281

LXI MAJOR-GENERAL ZACHARY TAYLOR. [_Taking of Monterey._] Major General Zachary Taylor. [Rx]. Resolution of Congress March 2nd 1847, etc. 60 290

LXII LOSS OF THE UNITED STATES BRIG-OR-WAR SOMERS. [_For Having Saved the Lives of Americans._] Somers navis Americana. [Rx]. Pro vitis Americanorum conservatis. C. C. WRIGHT. 61 299

LXIII MAJOR-GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT. [_Mexican Campaign._] Major General Winfield Scott. [Rx]. Vera Cruz. Cerro Gordo. Contreras, etc. S. ELLIS. G. C. HUMPHRIES. 62 394 C. C. WRIGHT.

LXIV MAJOR-GENERAL ZACHARY TAYLOR [_Victory of Buena Vista._] Major General Zachary Taylor, etc. [Rx]. Buena Vista Feb. 22 & 23, 1847. S. ELLIS. F. A. SMITH. 63 336 C. C. WRIGHT.

LXV PRESIDENT ZACHARY TAYLOR [_Twelfth President of the United States of America._] Zachary Taylor President of the United States 1849. [Rx]. Peace and friendship. F. PEALE. 64 348

LXVI PRESIDENT MILLARD FILLMORE. [_Thirteenth President of the United States of America._] Millard Fillmore President of the United States 1850. [Rx]. Labor virtue honor. S. ELLIS. J. WILLSON. 65 349

LXVII PRESIDENT FRANKLIN PIERCE. [_Fourteenth President of the United States of America._] Franklin Pierce, President of the United States. 1853. [Rx]. Labor virute honor. S. ELLIS. J. WILLSON. 66 351

LXVIII COMMANDER DUNCAN NATHANIEL INGRAHAM. [_Release of Martin Coszta._] Smyrna. American sloop of war St. Louis. Austrian brig of war Hussar. [Rx]. Presented by the President of the United States to Commander Duncan N. Ingraham, etc. S. EASTMAN. P. F. CROSS. 67 352 J. B. LONGACRE.

LXIX PRESIDENT JAMES BUCHANAN. [_Fifteenth President of the United States of America._] James Buchanan, President of the United States 1857. [Rx]. Labor virtue honor. S. ELLIS. J. WILLSON. 68 361

LXX DOCTOR FREDERICK HENRY ROSE. [_Kindness and Humanity of Doctor Rose._] James Buchanan, President of the United States. [Rx]. To Dr. Frederick Rose, Assistant Surgeon, Royal Navy, G.B. PAQUET. 69 362

LXXI PRESIDENT ABRAHAM LINCOLN. [_Sixteenth President of the United States of America._] Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States 1862. S. ELLIS. 70 366

LXXIIa NAVY MEDAL OF HONOR. PAQUET. 71 367

LXXIIb ARMY MEDAL OF HONOR. PAQUET. 72 368

LXXIII MAJOR-GENERAL ULYSSES SIMPSON GRANT. [_Victories of Fort Donelson, Vicksburg, and Chattanooga._] Major General Ulysses S. Grant. Joint Resolution of Congress December 17. 1863. [Rx]. Donelson, Vicksburg, etc. ANTROBUS. PAQUET. 73 370

LXXIV CORNELIUS VANDERBILT. [_Free Gift of Steamship Vanderbilt._] A grateful country to her generous son Cornelius Vanderbilt. [Rx]. Bis dat qui tempori dat. 1865. LEUTZE. S. ELLIS. 74 406

LXXV PRESIDENT ANDREW JOHNSON. [_Seventeenth President of the United States of America._] Andrew Johnson, President of the United States. 1865. [Rx]. Peace. PAQUET. 75 410

LXXVI WRECK OF THE STEAMSHIP SAN FRANCISCO. [_Testimonial of National Gratitude._] By joint resolution of Congress to the rescuers of the passengers officers and men of steamship San Francisco, etc. [Rx]. July 26 1866. PAQUET. 75 410

LXXVII CYRUS WEST FIELD. [_Laying of the Atlantic Telegraph Cable._] Honor and fame are the reward. [Rx]. By resolution of the Congress of the United States. March 2, 1867. to Cyrus W. Field, of New York, etc. J. G. BRUFF. BARBER. 77 418

LXXVIII GEORGE PEABODY. [_Promotion of Universal Education._] [Rx]. The people of the United States to George Peabody, etc. 78 421

LXXIX PRESIDENT ULYSSES SIMPSON GRANT. [_Eighteenth President of the United States of America._] United States of America. Liberty justice and equality "Let us have peace." [Rx]. On earth peace good will toward men. PAQUET. 79 429

LXXX GEORGE FOSTER ROBINSON. [_Heroic Conduct._] To George F. Robinson. Awarded by the Congress of the United States, March 1, 1871. G. Y. COFFIN. PAQUET. 80 430

LXXXI LOSS OF THE STEAMER METIS. [_Courage and Humanity._] By Resolution of Congress February 24, 1873. W. & C. BARBER. 81 434

LXXXII CENTENNIAL MEDAL. [_Hundredth Anniversary of American Independence._] These United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States. [Rx]. In commemoration of the hundredth anniversary. W. BARBER. 83 440

LXXXIII CENTENNIAL MEDAL. [_Hundredth Anniversary of American Independence._] These United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States. [Rx]. By authority of the Congress, etc. W. BARBER. 83 440

LXXXIV LIFE SAVING MEDAL OF THE FIRST CLASS. [_Saving Life from the Perils of the Sea._] Life Saving medal of the first class. United States of America. [Rx]. In testimony of heroic deeds, etc. PAQUET. 84 441

LXXXV LIFE SAVING MEDAL OF THE SECOND CLASS. [_Saving Life from the Perils of the Sea._] Life Saving medal of the second class. United States of America. [Rx]. In testimony of heroic deeds, etc. PAQUET. 85 453

LXXXVI JOHN HORN, JR. [_Heroic Exploits._] John Horn, Jr. [Rx]. By Act of Congress June 20th 1874. In recognition of his heroic exploits, etc. C. BARBER. 86 457

THE MEDALLIC HISTORY (p. 001)

OF

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

1776-1876.

No. 1. PLATE I.

_March 17, 1776._

Georgio Washington svpremo dvci exercitvvm adsertori libertatis Comitia Americana. [Rx].[26] Hostibus primo fugatis.

[Footnote 26: [Rx]. Abbreviation of REVERSE.]

GENERAL GEORGE WASHINGTON.

[_Boston retaken._]

GEORGIO WASHINGTON SVPREMO DVCI EXERCITVVM ADSERTORI LIBERTATIS COMITIA AMERICANA. (_The American Congress to George Washington, commander-in-chief of the armies, the assertor of liberty._) Undraped bust of General Washington, facing the right. DUVIVIER. Paris. F. (_fecit_).

HOSTIBUS PRIMO FUGATIS. (_The enemy put to flight for the first time._) To the left, General Washington on horseback, surrounded by his staff, points toward the British fleet, which is leaving Boston. The American army, in battle array in front of its intrenchments, (p. 002) makes ready to occupy the city. Exergue: BOSTONIUM RECUPERATUM XVII MARTII MDCCLXXVI. (_Boston retaken, March 17, 1776._) On a cannon, DUVIV. (_Duvivier_).[27]

[Footnote 27: See INTRODUCTION, pages x, xi, xiii, xvi, xxiii, xxv, xxviii; B, xxxvi; G, xlv; and H, xlvii.]

Although this medal was the first one voted by Congress, it was not struck until after that of the Chevalier de Fleury, which was voted three years later. Its designs, and those of the medals awarded to General Horatio Gates for Saratoga, General Nathaniel Greene for Eutaw Springs, General Daniel Morgan, Lieutenant-Colonels William Augustine Washington and John Eager Howard for the Cowpens, General Anthony Wayne and Major John Stewart for Stony Point, and Captain John Paul Jones for the capture of the Serapis, were composed by commissioners appointed by the French Academy of Inscriptions and Belles-Lettres, at the request of Colonel David Humphreys and of Mr. Jefferson. The legend of the reverse of the General Washington medal, as originally proposed, was HOSTIBUS or ANGLIS PRIMUM FUGATIS. Several of the medals are treated of at length in the Introduction, to which, to avoid repetition, the reader is referred.

PIERRE SIMON DUVIVIER was born in Paris, November 5, 1731. He was the son of Jean Duvivier, a member of the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture, and the grandson of Jean Duvivier, known as Duvivier "_le père_," the first of this distinguished family of medal engravers, who lived in Liège at the beginning of the 17th century. Pierre Simon Duvivier was engraver-general of the Paris Mint prior to 1793, and executed medals of many eminent persons. America is indebted to him for those of General Washington, Lieutenant-Colonel de Fleury, Lieutenant-Colonel William Augustine Washington, and Lieutenant-Colonel John Eager Howard. He was a member of the Academy of Fine Arts, and died June 10, 1819.