part iii.

[460] _Encéphale_, No. 5, 1887.

[461] See the table in Déjerine, _op. cit._

[462] Mahomet had a strange fondness for his monkey; Richelieu for his squirrel; Crébillon, Helvetius, Bentham, Erskine, for cats--the latter also for a leech. Schopenhauer was very fond of dogs, and named them his heirs; and Byron had a regular menagerie of ten horses, eight dogs, three monkeys, five cats, five peacocks, an eagle, and a bear. Alfieri had a passion for horses. (Smiles, _op. cit._)

[463] _Le Epilessie_, p. 19, Turin, 1880.

[464] Shenstone, Darwin, Swift, and Walter Scott were subject to giddiness (Smiles).

[465] See _L’Uomo Delinquente_, part iii. p. 623.

[466] “There is a fatality,” says Goncourt, “in the first chance which suggests your idea. Then there is an _unknown force_, _a superior will_, a sort of necessity of writing which command your work and guide your pen; so much so, that sometimes the book which leaves your hands does not seem to have come out of yourself; it astonishes you, like something which was in you, and of which you were unconscious. That is the impression which _Sœur Philomène_ gives me” (_Journal des Goncourt_, Paris, 1888). Even Buffon, who had said that invention depends on patience, adds, “One must look at one’s subject for a long time; then it gradually unfolds and develops itself; you feel a slight electric shock strike your head and at the same time seize you at the heart; that is the moment of genius.”

[467] Evidently the author himself.

[468] Dostoïeffsky, _Besi_, Paris.

[469] _Archivio di Psichiatria_, ix. 1., p. 89.

[470] Taine, _Revue des Deux Mondes_--Dec. 1886, and Jan. 1887.

[471] Renan, in _Les Apôtres_.

[472] Renan.

[473] Tonnini, _Epilessie_, 1886; _Archivio di Psichiatria_, 1886.

[474] _Les Hystériques_, Paris, 1883.

[475] Vinson, _Les religions actuelles_, 1884; Luke ii. 49; Matt. xii. 48; Mark iii. 33.

[476] Anfosso, _La Légende religieuse au moyen-âge_, 1887.

[477] On altruism in moral insanity and epilepsy, see _L’Uomo Delinquente_, pp. 556, 557. We have seen St. Francis love even the stars, the water, the fire, &c., and--abandon his family!

[478] Lombroso, _Studii sull’ipnotismo_, 3rd ed.; Azam, _Hypnotisme, Double Conscience_; Beaunis, _Le somnambulisme provoqué, La suggestion mentale_; Drs. H. Bourru and P. Burot, Dugay, Richet, Janet, _Revue Philosophique_, 1884-89; Krafft-Ebing, _Ueber den Hypnotismus_, 1889; Jendrassik, _Ueber die Suggestion_, 1887; Binet and Feré, _La Polarisation_, 1885; Ibid., _Le magnétisme animal_; Beard, _Nature and Phenomena of Trance_, New York, 1880; Lombroso and Ottolenghi, _Nuovi Studii sull’ipnotismo_, 1890, and _Sulla Transmissione del Pensiero_, 1891.

[479] _Revue Littéraire_, 1887.

[480] _Michelangelo Buonarroti; Epistolario, publicato da G. Milanese._ 1888.

[481] _Michelangelo Buonarroti, di F. Parlagreco_, 1888.

[482] _Life and Letters of Charles Darwin_, 1888.

[483] _Life and Letters of Charles Darwin_, vol. i. p. 149.

[484] _Letters_, vol. i.

[485] Quoted by Parant. Regnard, _Sorcellerie_, 1887.

[486] Regnard, _Sorcellerie_, 1887.

[487] _Ibid._