PART II

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF THE LOYALISTS OF MASS. 122

THE ADDRESS OF THE MERCHANTS AND OTHERS OF BOSTON TO GOVERNOR HUTCHINSON 123

ADDRESS OF THE BARRISTERS AND ATTORNEYS OF MASSACHUSETTS TO GOVERNOR HUTCHINSON 125

ADDRESS OF THE INHABITANTS OF MARBLEHEAD TO GOVERNOR HUTCHINSON 127

ADDRESS TO GOVERNOR HUTCHINSON FROM HIS FELLOW TOWNSMEN IN THE TOWN OF MILTON 128

ADDRESS PRESENTED TO GOVERNOR GAGE ON HIS ARRIVAL AT SALEM 131

ADDRESS TO GOVERNOR GAGE ON HIS DEPARTURE 132

LIST OF INHABITANTS OF BOSTON WHO REMOVED TO HALIFAX WITH THE ARMY MARCH, 1776 133

MANDAMUS COUNSELLORS 136

THE BANISHMENT ACT OF MASSACHUSETTS 137

THE WORCESTER RESOLUTION RELATING TO THE ABSENTEES AND REFUGEES 141

THE CONFISCATION ACT 141

CONSPIRACY ACT 141

ABSENTEES ACT 143

BIOGRAPHIES

THOMAS HUTCHINSON 145

LIST OF GOV. HUTCHINSON'S CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY 174

THOMAS HUTCHINSON, SON OF THE GOVERNOR 175

ELISHA HUTCHINSON 177

FOSTER HUTCHINSON 177

ELIAKIM HUTCHINSON 178

LIST OF ELIAKIM HUTCHINSON'S CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY 180

ANDREW OLIVER--LIEUT. GOVERNOR 181

THOMAS OLIVER 183

PETER OLIVER--CHIEF JUSTICE 188

SIR FRANCIS BERNARD 191

SIR WILLIAM PEPPERRELL 205

JOHN SINGLETON COPLEY AND HIS SON LORD LYNDHURST 216

KING HOOPER OF MARBLEHEAD 221

WILLIAM BOWES 224

CONFISCATED ESTATES OF WILLIAM BOWES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY 225

GENERAL TIMOTHY RUGGLES 225

THE FANEUIL FAMILY OF BOSTON 229

THE COFFIN FAMILY OF BOSTON. ADMIRAL SIR ISAAC COFFIN SIR THOMAS ASTON COFFIN ADMIRAL FROMAN H. COFFIN GENERAL JOHN COFFIN 233

CONFISCATED ESTATES OF JOHN COFFIN IN SUFFOLK COUNTY 246

JUDGE SAMUEL CURWEN 246

JAMES MURRAY 254

SIR BENJAMIN THOMPSON--COUNT RUMFORD 261

COL. RICHARD SALTONSTALL 272

REV. MATHER BYLES 275

THE HALLOWELL FAMILY OF BOSTON 281

CONFISCATED ESTATES OF BENJAMIN HALLOWELL IN SUFFOLK COUNTY 284

THE VASSALLS 285

CONFISCATED ESTATES OF JOHN VASSALL IN SUFFOLK COUNTY 290

GENERAL ISAAC ROYALL 290

GENERAL WILLIAM BRATTLE 294

CONFISCATED ESTATE OF WILLIAM BRATTLE IN BOSTON 297

JOSEPH THOMPSON 297

COLONEL JOHN ERVING 298

CONFISCATED ESTATES BELONGING TO COL. JOHN ERVING 299

MAJOR GENERAL SIR DAVID OCTHERLONY 299

JUDGE AUCHMUTY'S FAMILY 301

CONFISCATED ESTATES OF ROBERT AUCHMUTY 305

COLONEL ADINO PADDOCK 305

CONFISCATED ESTATES OF ADINO PADDOCK IN SUFFOLK COUNTY 308

THEOPHILUS LILLIE 308

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO THEOPHILUS LILLIE 313

DR. SYLVESTER GARDINER 313

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO SYLVESTER GARDINER 317

RICHARD KING 317

CHARLES PAXTON 318

JOSEPH HARRISON 319

CAPTAIN MARTIN GAY 321

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO MARTIN GAY 325

DANIEL LEONARD 325

JUDGE GEORGE LEONARD 332

COLONEL GEORGE LEONARD 333

HARRISON GRAY--RECEIVER GENERAL OF MASSACHUSETTS 334

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO HARRISON GRAY 337

REV. WILLIAM WALTER, RECTOR OF TRINITY CHURCH 338

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO REV. WILLIAM WALTER 342

THOMAS AMORY 343

REV. HENRY CANER 346

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO REV. HENRY CANER 349

FREDERICK WILLIAM GEYER 350

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO FREDERICK WILLIAM GEYER 351

THE APTHORP FAMILY OF BOSTON 351

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO CHARLES WARD APTHORP 354

THE GOLDTHWAITE FAMILY OF BOSTON 355

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO JOSEPH GOLDTHWAIT 361

JOHN HOWE 361

SAMUEL QUINCY, SOLICITOR GENERAL 364

COLONEL JOHN MURRAY 376

JUDGE JAMES PUTNAM, ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MASSACHUSETTS BAY 378

JUDGE TIMOTHY PAINE 382

DR. WILLIAM PAINE 385

JOHN CHANDLER 388

JOHN GORE 392

JOHN JEFFRIES 394

THOMAS BRINLEY 395

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO THOMAS BRINLEY 397

REV. JOHN WISWELL 398

HENRY BARNES 399

THOMAS FLUCKER, SECRETARY OF MASSACHUSETTS BAY 402

MARGARET DRAPER 404

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO MARGARET DRAPER 405

RICHARD CLARKE 405

PETER JOHONNOT 409

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO PETER JOHONNOT 411

JOHN JOY 411

RICHARD LECHMERE 413

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO RICHARD LECHMERE 414

EZEKIEL LEWIS 414

BENJAMIN CLARK 415

LADY AGNES FRANKLAND 417

COLONEL DAVID PHIPS 418

THE DUNBAR FAMILY OF HINGHAM 421

EBENEZER RICHARDSON 422

COMMODORE JOSHUA LORING 423

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO JOSHUA LORING 426

ROBERT WINTHROP 426

NATHANIEL HATCH 429

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO NATHANIEL HATCH 430

CHRISTOPHER HATCH 430

WARD CHIPMAN 431

GOVERNOR EDWARD WINSLOW 433

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO ISAAC WINSLOW 439

SIR ROGER HALE SHEAFFE, BARONET 439

JONATHAN SAYWARD 443

DEBLOIS FAMILY 445

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO GILBERT DEBLOIS 446

LYDE FAMILY 447

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO EDWARD LYDE 447

JAMES BOUTINEAU 448

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO JAMES BOUTINEAU 449

COL. WILLIAM BROWNE 449

ARCHIBALD CUNNINGHAM 451

CAPTAIN JOHN MALCOMB 451

THE RUSSELL FAMILY OF CHARLESTOWN 452

EZEKIEL RUSSELL 453

JONATHAN SEWALL 454

CONFISCATED ESTATES IN SUFFOLK COUNTY BELONGING TO SAMUEL SEWALL 457

THOMAS ROBIE 457

BENJAMIN MARSTON 459

HON. BENJAMIN LYNDE, CHIEF JUSTICE OF MASSACHUSETTS 462

PAGAN FAMILY 464

THE WYER FAMILY OF CHARLESTOWN 465

JEREMIAH POTE 467

EBENEZER CUTLER 468

APPENDIX

THE TRUE STORY CONCERNING THE KILLING OF THE TWO SOLDIERS AT CONCORD BRIDGE, APRIL 19, 1775. THE FIRST BRITISH SOLDIER KILLED IN THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR 471

THE ENGAGEMENT AT THE NORTH BRIDGE IN CONCORD WHERE THE TWO SOLDIERS WERE KILLED 476

PAUL REVERE, THE SCOUT OF THE REVOLUTION 477

WILLIAM FRANKLIN, SON OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN 481

THE ROYAL COAT OF ARMS 482

JUDGE MELLEN CHAMBERLAIN'S OPINION OF COLONEL THOMAS GOLDTHWAITE 483

NOTE ON PELHAM'S MAP OF BOSTON 483

NOTE ON GOV. JOHN WINTHROP 483

LIST OF LOYALISTS WHOSE NAMES OR BIOGRAPHIES ARE NOT FOUND IN THIS WORK 484

PELHAM'S MAP OF BOSTON IN POCKET IN THE BACK COVER.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT.

The author wishes to acknowledge the great assistance he has received from the New England Historic Genealogical Society, of which he has been a member for twenty-eight years,--whose library consisting of biographies and genealogies is the most complete in America. Other authorities consulted, have been the "Royalist" records in the original manuscript preserved in the archives of the State of Massachusetts, the Record Commissioners' Reports of the City of Boston, the Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, and the numerous town histories, and ancient records published in recent years, to the most important of which he has acknowledged his obligations in the reference given, and also to the Boston Athenaeum for the use of their paintings and engravings, in making copies of same.

He also wishes to acknowledge the assistance rendered him by his daughter, Mildred Manton Stark, in preparing many of the biographies, also the assistance rendered by Mr. Thomas F. O'Malley, who prepared the very copious index to this work, which will, he thinks be appreciated by all historical students who may have occasion to use same.

James H Stark

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Thomas Hutchinson's Portrait, Opposite the title page.

James H. Stark, Portrait, Opposite page 7.

Landing of the Commissioners at Boston, 1664, " " 13.

Randolph threatened, " " 15.

Proclaiming King William and Queen Mary, " " 17.

Killing and scalping Father Rasle at Norridgewock, " " 32.

Reading the Stamp Act in King street, opposite the State House, " " 37.

Andrew Oliver, Stamp Collector attacked by the Mob, " " 41.

Bostonians paying the Exciseman or Tarring and Feathering," " 49.

Colonel Mifflin's Interview with the Caughnawaga Indians, " " 89.

Cartoon illustrating Franklin's diabolical Scalp story, " " 91.

Burning of Newark, Canada, by United States Troops, " " 103.

Burning of Jay in Effigy, " " 105.

Map, Boundary line between Maine and New Brunswick, " " 115.

Governor Hutchinson's House Destroyed by the Mob, Page 155.

Benjamin Franklin Before the Privy Council, Opposite Page 165.

Views from Governor Hutchinson's Field, Page 168.

Governor Hutchinson's House on Milton Hill, " 170.

Inland View from Governor Hutchinson's House, " 171.

Andrew Oliver, portrait, Opposite page 181.

Andrew Oliver Mansion, Washington street, Dorchester, " " 183.

Thomas Oliver and John Vassall Mansion, Dorchester, " " 185.

Revolutionists Marching to Cambridge, " " 187.

Sir Francis Bernard, Portrait, " " 191.

Province House, " " 195.

Pepperell House, " " 210.

Reception of the American Loyalists in England, Page 214.

Arrest of William Franklin by order of Congress, Opposite page 215.

John Singleton Copley, Portrait, " " 218.

Lord Lyndhurst, Lord High Chancellor of England, Portrait, " " 221.

King Hooper Mansion, Danvers, " " 223.

Admiral Sir Isaac Coffin, Portrait, " " 239.

Curwin House, Salem, Page 247.

Samuel Curwin, Portrait, Opposite page 253.

Country Residence of James Smith, Brush Hill, Milton, Page 256.

Birthplace of Benjamin Thompson, North Woburn, " 261.

Sir Benjamin Thompson, Portrait, Opposite page 267.

Rev. Mather Byles, D. D., Portrait, " " 277.

The Old Vassall House, Cambridge, " " 285.

Colonel John Vassall's Mansion, Cambridge, " " 289.

General Isaac Royall's Mansion, Medford, " " 293.

Major General Sir David Ochterlony, Portrait, " " 299.

British Troops preventing the destruction of New York, " " 303.

Landing a Bishop, Cartoon, " " 341.

Rev. Henry Caner, Portrait, " " 349.

Leonard Vassall and Frederick W. Geyer Mansion, " " 351.

Bishop's Palace, Residence of Rev. East Apthorp, " " 353.

Samuel Quincy, Portrait, " " 369.

Dr. John Jeffries, Portrait, " " 395.

Clark-Frankland House, " " 417.

Sir Roger Hale Sheaffe, Baronet, Portrait, " " 439.

The Engagement at the North Bridge in Concord, " " 471.

Monument to Commemorate the Skirmish at Concord Bridge, " " 475.

Pursuit and Capture of Paul Revere, " " 479.

Pelham Map of Boston, In the envelop of the back cover.

INTRODUCTION.

At the dedication of the monument erected on Dorchester Heights to commemorate the evacuation of Boston by the British, the oration was delivered by that Nestor of the United States Senate, Senator Hoar.

In describing the government of the colonies at the outbreak of the Revolution, he made the following statement: "The government of England was, in the main, a gentle government, much as our fathers complained of it. Her yoke was easy and her burden was light; our fathers were a hundred times better off in 1775 than were the men of Kent, the vanguard of liberty in England. There was more happiness in Middlesex on the Concord, than there was in Middlesex on the Thames."[1] A few years later Hon. Edward B. Callender, a Republican candidate for mayor of Boston, in his campaign speech said: "I know something about how this city started. It was not made by the rich men or the so-called high-toned men of Boston--they were with the other party, with the king; they were Loyalists. Boston was founded by the ordinary man--by Paul Revere, the coppersmith; Sam Adams, the poor collector of the town of Boston, who did not hand over to the town even the sums he collected as taxes; by John Hancock, the smuggler of rum; by John Adams, the attorney, who naively remarked in his book that after the battle of Lexington they never heard anything about the suits against John Hancock. Those were settled."[2]

[1] Speech of Senator Hoar at South Boston, March 18, 1901.

[2] Speech of Hon. Edward B. Callender, at Dorchester, Nov. 10, 1905.

These words of our venerable and learned senator and our State Senator Edward B. Callender, seemed strangely unfamiliar to us who had derived our history of the Revolution from the school text-books. These had taught us that the Revolution was due solely to the oppression and tyranny of the British, and that Washington, Franklin, Adams, Hancock, Otis, and the host of other Revolutionary patriots, had in a supreme degree all the virtues ever exhibited by men in their respective spheres, and that the Tories or Loyalists, such as Hutchinson, the Olivers, Saltonstalls, Winslows, Quincys and others, were to be detested and their memory execrated for their abominable and unpatriotic actions.

This led me to inquire and to examine whether there might not be two sides to the controversy which led to the Revolutionary War. I soon found that for more than a century our most gifted writers had almost uniformly suppressed or misrepresented all matter bearing upon one side of the question, and that it would seem to be settled by precedent that this nation could not be trusted with all portions of its own history. But it seemed to me that history should know no concealment. The people have a right to the whole truth, and to the full benefit of unbiased historical teachings, and if, in an honest attempt to discharge a duty to my fellow citizens, I relate on unquestionable authority facts that politic men have intentionally concealed, let no man say that I wantonly expose the errors of the fathers.

In these days we are recognizing more fully than ever the dignity of history, we are realizing that patriotism is not the sole and ultimate object of its study, but the search for truth, and abiding by the truth when found, for "the truth shall make you free" is an axiom that applies here as always.

Much of the ill will towards England which until recently existed in great sections of the American people, and which the mischief-making politician could confidently appeal to, sprung from a false view of what the American Revolution was, and the history of England was, in connection with it. The feeling of jealousy and anger, which was born in the throes of the struggle for independence, we indiscriminately perpetuated by false and superficial school text-books. The influence of false history and of crude one-sided history is enormous. It is a natural and logical step that when our children pass from our schoolroom into active life, feelings so born should die hard and at times become a dangerous factor in the national life, and it is not too much to say that the persistent ill will towards England as compared with the universal kindliness of English feeling towards us, is to be explained by the very different spirit in which the history of the American Revolution is taught in the schools of one country and in those of the other.

THE LOYALISTS OF MASSACHUSETTS

AND THE OTHER SIDE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION