Chapter 20

Viewpoints for lessons on details omitted or only lightly referred to in the text:

Acts xx. 4-16. Paul the Hirer of Laborers for Christ's Vineyard: the Unwearied Preacher (_Troas_). " " 17-38. The Man of Heart (_Miletus_). " xxii. Final Effort to save his Country. " xxiii. 1-10. In the Dock where he had placed others. " xxiii. 22-27. The Preacher of Righteousness. " xxvi. The Inspired Student. " xxvii. Paul as a Ruler of Men. " xxviii. The benevolence of Nature and that of Grace (_Malta_).

171. See notes on ch. iv., p. 141.

The authenticity of Ephesians and Colossians can only be denied by ignoring the impression of majesty and profundity which they have made on the greatest minds. (See the Introductions in Meyer and Alford.) What other mind of those ages except Paul's could have erected a structure so magnificent on the very foundations of the Epistle to the Romans? or in what other mind was there such a union of the doctrinal and the ethical?

In John's writings the relation of believers to Christ is illustrated by a far higher comparison: it is compared to the union of Father and Son in the Deity.

172. See Ernesti: _The Ethic of Paul_; also Juncker.

174. See Smith's _Voyage of St. Paul_; also Sir William Ramsay's article on Roads and Travel in Hastings' _Dictionary of the Bible_, vol. v.

176. Burrus, the Praetorian Prefect. So Conybeare and Howson; but Ramsay, following Mommsen, holds the officer to have been the princeps peregrinorum, whose quarters lay on the Coelian Hill.

On the various kinds of imprisonment in Roman law see Ramsay's _Roman Antiquities_, ch. ix.

177-182. The materials for this account of Paul's prison life at Rome are chiefly gathered from the Epistle to the Philippians.

184. On the genuineness of the Pastoral Epistles see essay by Findley in Sabatier's _The Apostle Paul_. The comparative lack of doctrinal matter in them is accounted for by the fact that they were written to ministers well acquainted with his doctrinal system.

188. At Tre Fontane, to the south of Rome, the traditional scene of the execution is still pointed out; and not far off stands St. Paul's-outside-the-Walls, one of the most gorgeous churches in the world.

164. _Trace out the different collections which Paul is recorded to have been engaged with._

166. _What were the courts of the temple; and what was the name of the Roman fortress which overlooked them?_

171. _How often does the phrase "in Christ" (or "in" with pronouns referring to Christ) occur in Ephesians?_

172. _Give examples from Paul's writings of the application of great principles to small duties._

175. _Give the names and localities of other great Roman roads. Describe a Roman triumph._

179. _Narrate the story of Onesimus, gathering it from the Epistle to Philemon._

184. _Explain the name of the Pastoral Epistles._