CHAPTER XVII.

Some Changes that have Taken Place in the Configuration of the Globe--Islands Born and Buried--French Revolution--Napoleon’s Influence on Europe--England’s Long Wars--Barbarous Treatment of Prisoners--Slavery Abolished--English Profanity and Intemperance--Temperance Movements--Duelling--Penny Postage--Expansion of the Press--Canals, Erie and Suez--Railroads in England and the United States--First Steamer to Cross the Atlantic--First Steamship Line.

The changes that have taken place on the globe itself, and in its inhabitants during the life of Mr. Plant, are varied, numerous, and wonderful.

The configuration of the earth has altered to a degree incredible to any but those observant of such changes. Winchell has tabulated some of these undulatory movements that have taken place along the Atlantic shore line of the American continent and elsewhere. “At St. Augustine, in Florida, the stumps of cedar trees stand beneath the hard beach shell-rock, immersed in water at the lowest tides. Some of the sounds upon the coast of North Carolina, which have been navigable within the memory of living sea-captains, are now impassable bars, or emerging sand-flats. Along the coast of New Jersey the sea has encroached, within sixty years, upon the sites of former habitations, and entire forests have been prostrated by the inundation. In the harbor of Nantucket the upright stumps of trees are found eight feet below the lowest tide, with their roots still buried in their native soil.” Similar ruins of ancient submarine forests occur on Martha’s Vineyard, and on the north side of Cape Cod, and again at Portland. In the region of the Saint Croix River, separating Maine from New Brunswick, the coast has been raised, carrying deposits of recent shells and sea-weeds, in one instance, to the height of twenty-eight feet above the present surface of the sea. The island of Grand Manan, off the mouth of the Saint Croix River, is slowly rotating on an axis, so that, while the south side is gradually dipping beneath the waves, the north is lifted into high bluffs. Near the River St. John is an area of twenty square miles containing marine shells and plants recently elevated from the sea. One hundred and fifty miles east of this place, the shore is experiencing a subsidence.

The north side of Nova Scotia is sinking, while the south is rising, insomuch that breakers now appear off the southern coast in places safely navigable in years gone by. The ancient city of Louisburg, on the island of Cape Breton, is another testimony to the uneasy condition of the land. This place was once the stronghold of France in America, and one of the finest harbors in the world. It was well fortified and had a population of twenty thousand souls within its walls.

It was destroyed during the French and Indian War, and the inhabitants dispersed, but Nature had herself ordained its abandonment. The rock on which the brave General Wolfe landed has nearly disappeared. The sea now flows within the walls of the city, and sites once inhabited have become the ocean’s bed. In 1822, the entire coast of Chili was elevated to a height varying from two to seven feet, an area equal to that of New England and New York, having been lifted up bodily. In 1831, an island, since called Graham’s Island, sprang from the bed of the Mediterranean between Sicily and the site of ancient Carthage. The island is now but a sunken reef. Another island, as recently as 1866, rose from the bottom of the Grecian Archipelago, before the very eyes of the American Consul, Mr. Chanfield, bearing upon its slimy back fragments of wrecks that had been sunken in the little harbor of Santorin.

“An island in the Missouri River, broken into fragments and washed away, was the unusual spectacle witnessed by the people of Atchison, Kansas. For years an island of 600 or 700 acres has been one of the attractions of Atchison. It was as fertile as a garden, and was known all over the West for the excellence of the celery, asparagus, sweet potatoes and melons it produced. It had the appearance of a veritable oasis in a desert, and its green shrubbery, generous shade trees, velvet lawns, and cool spring, were a perpetual joy. Upon this island a shooting club had a home, and the base-ball enthusiasts had their grounds, and grandstand. Altogether, it was a most pleasant resort. In a single night this island was dissolved into fragments.

“The big June rise in the Missouri River struck it, and to-day it is only a reminiscence. What was Kansas’s loss, however, was Missouri’s gain. With the obliteration of the island the current left the Missouri shore and struck hard against the Kansas bluffs. The result of this is that the Missouri banner has been planted a mile westward, and hundreds of acres of rich bottom land have been added to its domain, while Kansas mourns the loss of its green island and pleasant park.”

The wonderful changes going on in the configuration of England are recorded in a well-known London paper (_Tit-Bits_) in the following words:

“Is England disappearing? Readers may pucker up their lips and ejaculate ‘Absurd!’ but facts, nevertheless, remain and show pretty clearly that England is positively disappearing, and may in years to come be marked on the map as a vanished isle.

“On the coast the sea is encroaching upon the land at an astonishing rate. Seaside towns and villages, holiday resorts, are gradually being eaten up and the inhabitants driven inland. In many parts the sea runs up on a beach which was once far inland. In other cases churches which were at one time far from the sea now stand at the edge of cliffs and have the sea lapping almost at their doors.

“The Goodwin sands, about five miles off the coast of Kent, were at one time a portion of the mainland itself and the property of Earl Goodwin. But the sea has swallowed them up.

“The coast of Norfolk is minus three villages which it once possessed--Shipden, Eccles, and Wimpwell--all of which have been taken into the arms of the encroaching ocean. The Cromer of to-day stands miles inland of the original Cromer.

“Auburn and Harlburn, two Yorkshire villages, once promised to develop into seaport towns of considerable importance; but, like the will of Canute, the will of the inhabitants of these villages was ignored by the rising sea, and Auburn and Harlburn now exist in mere names and sand-banks.

“Dunwich, on the coast of Suffolk, is gradually being swallowed up. Every now and then the inhabitants move a distance inland, rebuild their houses and shops and wait patiently and philosophically for the next “notice to quit” from the sea. Many other seaside places have suffered or are suffering a similar fate.

“It may be argued, on the other hand, that some seaside towns are gradually becoming inland towns by the failure of the sea to ‘come up to the mark,’ and running out only to run in for a shorter distance. Winchelsea, Sandwich, Rye, and Southport are all suffering in this way. Winchelsea and Rye were originally two of our cinque ports, but the sea has left them standing high and dry. Sandwich was once a highly important seaport town. It now stands two or three miles inland.

“The sea is leaving Southport quite in the lurch--so much so indeed that the inhabitants have had to sink extensive lakes down on the beach to keep the sea from running off altogether and leaving merely an ordinary inland town.

“But the extension of our island in this way is very much less than the encroachment of the sea at other points, and while our land is certainly becoming more extensive in one direction, it is contracting, and with much greater rapidity, in some other. And the ultimate effect may be that our mountain peaks may form small islands, and eventually be pointed out by posterity as ‘the position in which Great Britain is reputed to have stood.’”

The nineteenth has been the most remarkable century in the world’s history. It was the most destructive and wasteful of life and property in the early part of its career, and in the latter half has been the most constructive and uplifting to the human race of any of the past centuries. The population of all Europe at the beginning of the century numbered one hundred and seventy millions, of whom four millions were engaged in the murderous work of war. The demoralization of society and the miseries inflicted on the people by these wars are beyond the power of pen to describe. France had an absolute monarchy. “The King held in his hands the unquestioned right to dispose, at his will, of the lives and property of the people. He was the sole legislator. His own pleasure was his only rule. He levied taxes, asking no consent of those who had to pay. He sent to prison men with no crime laid to their charge, and kept them there, without trial, till they died.” Political corruption was rampant. For sixty years the court of Louis XV. had festered in the most filthy debauchery. Then followed the bloody Revolution, unparalleled in history. The guillotine, worn out with its butchery of more than a million lives stood idle, and peace--rather, the lull of an unfinished storm, for a time rested upon unhappy France. Then the tumultuous hurricane burst out anew in the wars of Napoleon, which terminated only at Waterloo in 1815.

“The influence which Napoleon exerted upon the course of human affairs,” says McKenzie, “is without a parallel in history. Never before had any man inflicted upon his fellows miseries so appalling; never before did one man’s hand scatter seeds destined to produce a harvest of change so vast and so beneficient. It was he who roused Italy from her sleep of centuries and led her towards that free and united life which she at length enjoys. It was he, who by destroying the innumerable petty states of Germany, inspired the dream of unity which it has required more than half a century to fulfil.” The progress made by these two countries during the century, in liberty, education, and all that conduces to the welfare of the individual and the strength of the nation, has been great beyond precedent.

England has perhaps outstripped all other nations in the advancement she has made during this period of the world’s greatest progress. Her long and terrible wars with France and her allies had wasted her people and depleted her treasury. Taxes were enormous, food was high, wages low, and work scarce. The introduction of machinery in some departments reduced hand-labor a hundred-fold. The power loom threw thousands of people out of employment. England was badly governed. The laws were all made in the interests of the rich. Multitudes of the poor were famine stricken, one in eight being fed on charity, and many died of starvation. Hunger maddens men, and hence crime abounded. Laws, numerous and terrible, were enacted for its prevention and punishment. Capital offences numbered two hundred and twenty-three. Some of the offences were ridiculous trifles. If a man appeared disguised in public, cut down young trees, shot rabbits, or stole property worth a dollar and a quarter, he was at once hanged. The treatment of prisoners was most barbarous. Young and old of both sexes were huddled together like cattle. Vermin, filth, and starvation were the common lot of all. John Howard and Elizabeth Fry inaugurated reforms in the interests of the prisoners that have since engaged the thought and effort of the best men and women of the nation.

War was carried on in the most cruel and brutal manner. Conscription and the press gang forced men from their families, and from peaceful occupation, and drove them to an unwilling military or naval, bloody field-servitude. Five hundred lashes was no uncommon punishment for some trifling offence. “The men who applied the torture were changed at short intervals, lest the punishment should be at all mitigated by their fatigue. The doctor stood by to say how much the victim could bear without dying. When that point was reached, he was taken down and carried to the hospital, to be brought back for the balance of his punishment when his wounds were healed. There is record of a soldier sentenced to one thousand lashes, seven hundred of which were actually inflicted. In the Crimean war two thousand six hundred British soldiers were killed, while eighteen thousand died in hospital of wounds and disease.”

Scientific skill directed by generous-hearted Christian philanthropy has now mitigated these horrors, reducing them almost to a minimum. The same may be said of the brutality endured by women and little children working in mines from twelve to sixteen hours a day.

Slavery, which was almost universal at the beginning of the century, has been abolished. Forty millions in Russia, four millions in the United States, and many more millions in other lands have been made free.

Nor has this freedom been confined to the chattel slave. The courts of Europe were debauched beyond description. Even in England among the higher classes, “the supreme crowning evidence that an entertainment had been successful was not given till the guests dropped one by one from their chairs, to slumber peacefully on the floor till the servants removed them.”

The temperance movement belongs to our present century, and while it has not yet accomplished all that could be desired, it has done much to lessen some of the grossest evils of society, and is full of promise for final triumph. The first temperance society was only eleven years old when the subject of this biography was born. It was organized in April, 1808, at Morean, Saratoga County, New York, with forty-three members. The American Temperance Society was formed at Boston, February, 1826, and, in 1829, the New York State Temperance Society, which in less than a year had one thousand local societies with a hundred thousand members. Soon the movement extended to the Old World, and a society was formed at New Ross, County Wexford, Ireland, and within a year sixty other societies were formed in different parts of the country. The Father Mathew crusade began in 1838, and it resulted in the enrollment of one million eight hundred thousand men and women in the temperance cause. The wave spread to Scotland, England, Wales, and the Continent. The Washington movement, started at Baltimore in 1840, doubtless advanced the cause of temperance in our country, half a million having signed the pledge. The great progress made in this direction is seen not so much in the number of temperance societies as in the fact that while there is difference of opinion as to the moderate use of wines and liquors, there is but one opinion among respectable people as to the immoderate use, and any one indulging in orgies such as those to which we have alluded would be excluded from all participation in decent society. No man of standing in good society glories in the shame of beastly intoxication; multitudes do not use liquor at all, and many others use it only as a medicine or aid to health.

The duel was made a legal way of settling disputes between gentlemen, and even, “Fox, Pitt, Castlereagh, Canning, O’Connell, and Wellington, had all attempted the slaughter of a foe.”

Profanity was almost universal. “Erskine swore at the bar. Lord Thurlow swore on the bench. The King swore incessantly. Ladies swore orally and in their letters. The chaplain cursed the sailors, because it made them listen more attentively to his admonition.” Obscene books were exposed for sale by the side of bibles and prayer-books.

Education was limited in its range and extent, and only the more wealthy could enjoy its benefits. In 1818, more than one half the children in England were without school advantages. In manufacturing districts, forty per cent. of the men and sixty-five per cent. of the women could not write their own names.

Penny postage, first proposed by Rowland Hill in 1837, adopted by Act of Parliament in 1839, and followed since then by every civilized country in the world, has proved to be a great adjunct in the education of the people.

The freedom and expansion of the press during this century have also been a great power for the enlightenment of mankind. True, it has not been an unmixed good, but let us hope the good has been, and will continue to be in the ascendant.

Canals, before the days of railroads and steamships, did much for the transportation of merchandise and intercommunication of the people. The Erie Canal, 363 miles in length, commenced in 1817, and finished in 1825, is said to have been one of the first impulses given to New York City in its ascendancy over every other city in the United States. On account of its great cost many of the people were opposed to it; “but in 1866, it was ascertained that besides enlarging many of the principal cities, and adding to the comfort and wealth of nearly all the people of the State, it had returned into the public treasury $23,500,000 above all its cost, including principle, interest, repairs, and superintendence.”

In this same year, 1825, New York City was first lighted, partially only, with gas.

The Suez Canal, opened in 1870, was used by only 486 vessels, with a total net tonnage of 436,609, but its use was steadily increased, until in 1891, it rose to 8,698,777. When the canal was opened, it had cost $100,000,000, that is, $1,000,000 a mile, and since then $40,000,000 more have been expended in improvements. These are large amounts, but the canal pays annually from $4,000,000 to $5,000,000 over the interest of its bonded debt.

The introduction of railroads into England and the United States marks a great era in the progress of these two nations, not to say that of the whole world, though the event is of comparatively recent date, as the following account taken from a recent issue of the New York _Tribune_ goes to show:

“The Chicago _Record_ says that Edward Entwistle who has lived in Des Moines, Iowa, for forty years, ran the first passenger engine. He was born at Tilsey’s Banks, Lancashire, England, in 1815, and was apprenticed to the Duke of Bridgewater, who had large machine shops at Manchester. The first railroad for general passenger and freight business was completed in 1831, between Manchester and Liverpool, a distance of thirty-one miles. The Rocket, the first locomotive or passenger engine, was built under the direction and according to the plans of George Stephenson, in the works where young Entwistle was serving as an apprentice. Stephenson engaged Entwistle as his assistant in the engine. The line being opened for general traffic, young Entwistle was put in charge of the Rocket, and for two years made two round trips every day between Liverpool and Manchester, one in the forenoon and the other in the afternoon. He came to this country in 1837.”

When Mr. Plant was nine years old, there were only three miles of railroad in the United States. They were completed in 1827. Now there are 173,453 miles, and the speed of trains has been increased from ten miles an hour to more than seventy miles. The sleeping-and parlor-cars have made travel one of the great luxuries of this most luxuriant century. The first ocean steamer that crossed the Atlantic was the _Savannah_, which made the trip to Europe in the year 1819, the year Mr. Plant was born, and in 1838, the first regular line of Atlantic steamers was established.

The Narragansett war ended in 1676. Soon after this the name of John^{1} Plant appears on the records of the town of Branford, January 21, 1677, when a lot of two acres was granted to him on condition that he should build upon it within three years. It seems unlikely that he was at Branford much before this date, for the reason that his name is not in the lists of residents enrolled in January, 1676. Nor do we find any others of the Plant name previous to this date. Subsequently his name occurs a number of times in connection with grants of land.[7]

He died about 1691, as evidenced by the inventory of his estate taken June 4, 1691. The valuation of his property was £130 8_s._ 9_d._

The indications concerning his family are not altogether clear.[8] He had a son John,^{2} concerning whom accounts are somewhat full. There was a Martha Plant enrolled among the members of the church in 1704. She may have been his daughter. There was also an Elizabeth Plant,[9] who may have been another daughter.

CHILDREN AND GRANDCHILDREN OF JOHN^{2} AND HANNAH (WHEDON) PLANT.

| HANNAH PLANT |Reuben Whedon | born July, 16, 1708 |William Whedon | married |Noah Whedon | ABRAHAM WHEDON |Hannah Whedon | |Martha Whedon | |Submit Whedon | |Sarah Whedon | |Deborah Whedon +---------------------------+---------------- | JOHN PLANT | | born September 19, 1711 | +---------------------------+---------------- | JONATHAN PLANT | | born July 29, 1714 | --------------------------+---------------------------+---------------- JOHN PLANT, JR. | JAMES PLANT |Solomon Plant baptized March 3, 1678 | born November 4, 1716 |James Plant died February 10, 1752 | died February 7, 1795 |Samuel Plant married |married September 22, 1740 |Stephen Plant HANNAH WHEDON | BATHSHEBA PAGE |Lois Plant died Nov. 5, 1754, aged 69| |Ebenezer Plant | |Sarah Plant | |Moses Plant --------------------------+---------------------------+---------------- | ELIZABETH PLANT |Josiah Parrish | born August 1, 1720 |Elizabeth Parrish |married September 21, 1748 |Sibil Parrish | JOSIAH PARRISH |Hannah Parrish | |Mary Parrish | |John Parrish +---------------------------+---------------- | TIMOTHY PLANT |Lucy Plant | born April 6, 1724 |Hannah Plant | married February 12, 1745 |Timothy Plant | LUCY PARRISH |Joel Plant | |Ithiel Plant +---------------------------+---------------- | ABRAHAM PLANT |Eli Plant |baptized September 23, 1727|Electa Plant | married (1) |Lydia Plant | HANNAH HOADLEY |Abraham Plant | married (2) |Anne Plant | TAMAR FRISBIE |Hannah Plant | |Elizabeth Plant | |Rebecca Plant | |Jason Plant +---------------------------+---------------- | BENJAMIN PLANT |Hannah Plant | born 1732 |John Plant | died August 11, 1808 |Benjamin Plant | married (1) |Anderson Plant | LORANA BECKWITH |Lorana Plant | married (2) |Peggy Plant | ABIGAIL PALMER |Samuel Plant | married (3) |Elias Plant | LOIS FRISBIE |

JOHN^{2} PLANT, JR.--HANNAH WHEDON.

John^{2} Plant, Jr., son of John^{1} Plant, was baptized at Branford, March 3, 1678; died February 10, 1752, aged seventy-four; married Hannah Whedon, a daughter of Thomas and Hannah (Barnes) Whedon, who was born in 1686; died November 5, 1754, aged sixty-nine.[10]

Their children were born in Branford, and were as follows:

I. Hannah^{3} Plant, born July 16, 1708; baptized August 7, 1715; married Abraham Whedon, who died about 1762.[11]

II. John^{3} Plant, born September 19, 1711; baptized August 7, 1715; died about 1788.[12]

III. Jonathan^{3} Plant, born July 29, 1714; baptized August 7, 1715; living in Branford May 29, 1753, as shown by the “ear mark” for his cattle entered on the records, May 29, 1753; died before October 7, 1772.[13]

IV. James^{3} Plant, born November 4, 1716; baptized November 18, 1716; died February 7, 1795; married, September 22, 1740, Bathsheba Page, daughter of Samuel and Mindwell Page, of Branford; born January 25, 1715-16; died, at Stratford, January 5, 1803. _Account continued on page 315._

V. Elizabeth^{3} Plant, born August 1, 1720; baptized August, 1720; married, September 21, 1748, Josiah Parrish, son of John and Hannah Parrish, of Branford.[14]

1. Josiah^{4} Parrish, born April 6, 1749; married, December 25, 1770, Thankful Plant, perhaps the widow of Samuel Plant.

2. Elizabeth^{4} Parrish, born August 3, 1751.

3. Sibil^{4} Parrish, born March 28, 1753.

4. Hannah^{4} Parrish, born July 11, 1756.

5. Mary^{4} Parrish, born June 7, 1759.

6. John^{4} Parrish, born May 16. 1762.

VI. Timothy^{3} Plant, born April 6, 1724; baptized May 17, 1724; married, at Branford, Lucy Parrish. _Account continued on page 317._

VII. Abraham^{3} Plant, baptized September 23, 1727; married (1), May (or March) 9, 1751, Hannah^{4} Hoadley, daughter of John^{3} and Lydia (Rogers) Hoadley (John^{2}, William^{1}); born May 8, 1733; died April 4, 1755; married (2), January 12, 1763, Tamar Frisbie; born about 1740; died 1793, aged 53. Children by second marriage, and born at Branford.

1. Eli^{4} Plant, born August 4, 1763; married, July 8, 1787, Sarah Stent.

2. Electa^{4} Plant, born September 27, 1765.

3. Lydia^{4} Plant, born December 20, 1767; baptized, with the younger children, May 2, 1784.

4. Abraham^{4} Plant, born August 3 or 4, 1770.

5. Anne^{4} Plant, born August 3 or 4, 1770, twin with Abraham.

6. Hannah^{4} Plant, born March 14, 1773.

7. Elizabeth^{4} Plant, born October 12, 1775.

8. Rebecca^{4} Plant, born March 7, 1777.

9. Jason^{4} Plant, born August 11, 1782.

VIII. Benjamin^{3} Plant, born about 1732; died August 11, 1808, aged 76; married (1), April 5, 1758, Lorana Beckwith, of Lyme; born about 1736; died March 16, 1789, aged 53; married (2), June 17, 1790, Abigail Palmer; married (3), December 6, 1797, Lois Frisbie. _Account continued on page 318._

_Authorities._--New Haven and Branford Town and Church Records; Probate Records at New Haven, Branford, and Guilford; _Atwater’s History of New Haven Colony_; Orcutt’s _History of Stratford_.

JAMES^{3} PLANT--BATHSHEBA PAGE.

James^{3} Plant, son of John^{2} and Hannah (Whedon) Plant (John^{1}); born November 4, 1716; baptized November 18, 1716, at Branford; died there February 7, 1795; married, September 22, 1740, Bathsheba Page, daughter of Samuel and Mindwell Page, of Branford; born January 25, 1715-16; died January 5, 1803, at Stratford, Connecticut. _See page 313._

He had a farm near the head of Lake Saltonstall and raised a family, most of whom left Branford. He was drowned while crossing the lake on the ice, and his farm was sold by John and Samuel Plant to George Townsend, of East Haven. His widow seems to have passed the closing years of her life with their oldest son in the home he had made at Stratford.

I. Solomon^{4} Plant, born May 1, 1741; died May 20, 1822; married (1), November 16, 1769, Sarah Bennett, of Stratford, who died September 15, 1815; married (2), November 19, 1816, Mrs. Esther (Frost) Botsford. _Account continued on page 320._

II. James^{4} Plant, born September 10, 1742; living at Southington, Connecticut, as late as June 15, 1813, when he deeded land to his son Ebenezer^{5}; married, January 9, 1772, at New Haven, Lucy Judd, daughter of Joseph and Ruth (Thompson) Judd, of that place. _Account continued on page 321._

III. Samuel^{4} Plant, baptized February 10, 1745; married, July 2, 1769, Thankful Towner, of Branford. He was lost at sea.

IV. Stephen^{4} Plant, baptized March 8, 1747; died before February 3, 1808, when his estate was admitted to probate in Litchfield, Connecticut, and his widow was appointed administratrix. _Account continued on page 322._

V. Lois^{4} Plant, baptized April 2, 1749; died April 21, 1833, aged 84, at South Hill, Onondaga County, New York; married Obed Fellows, of Canaan, Connecticut. Their son, Ephraim^{5} Fellows, was the father of Lucy^{6} Fellows, who became the wife of William Agur^{6} Plant. _See page 328._

VI. Ebenezer^{4} Plant, born October 26, 1751; baptized December 15, 1751; died April or May, 1796; married, August 17, 1774, Esther^{6} Bassett, daughter of Lieutenant John^{5} and Naomi (Wooster) Bassett (Samuel,^{6} Robert,^{3} Robert,^{2} John^{1}), residence, Derby, Connecticut.[15]

Captain Samuel^{5} Plant, his son, died at Norfolk, Virginia, in 1815. His wife was Dorothy^{8} Gorham, daughter of Isaac^{7} and Sarah (Atwater) Gorham (John,^{4} Isaac,^{5} Jabez,^{4} John,^{3} Ralph^{2}, James^{1}), born February 22, 1775; died August 4, 1832, aged 57. Their daughter, Sarah Atwater^{6} Plant (born December 4, 1800, died June 16, 1880), married Nathaniel Jocelyn, of New Haven (born January 31, 1796, died January 18, 1881).

VII. Sarah^{4} Plant, born May 6, 1754; baptized June 9, 1754.

VIII. Moses^{4} Plant, born March 17, 1760; supposed to have settled at Niagara, New York, and died there. He was in the Revolutionary War, Sixth regiment, Connecticut line, Captain James Prentice, of New Haven; enlisted, April 20, 1777, for eight months; discharged, January 1, 1778; also enlisted, February 21, 1778, in the regiment of Artificers, from Branford, for three years.

_Authorities._--New Haven, Branford, Guilford, Litchfield, and Southington Town and Probate Records; Branford Church Records; Orcutt’s _History of Stratford_; Orcutt’s _History of Derby_; _The Tuttle Family_; gravestones in Grove Street Cemetery at New Haven; private records of Hon. Livingston W. Cleaveland, of New Haven, a grandson of Mr. and Mrs. Nathaniel Jocelyn.

TIMOTHY^{3} PLANT--LUCY PARRISH.

Timothy^{3} Plant, son of John^{2} and Hannah (Whedon) Plant (John^{1}), born April 6, 1724, at Branford; baptized May 17, 1724; married Lucy Parrish, daughter of John and Hannah Parrish of that place. _See page 314._

I. Lucy^{4} Plant, born May 27, 1745; died February 26, 1825, aged 80, at Saybrook, now Westbrook, Connecticut; married, December 24, 1764, Daniel Dee, son of William Dee, of Saybrook; born about 1739; died August 23, 1823, aged 84. Their gravestone is in the old cemetery at Westbrook.

II. Hannah^{4} Plant, born March 15, 1747; married, at Saybrook, Jared Baldwin, son of Jerjah Baldwin, of Milford, where they afterward lived and are mentioned in the records, November 30, 1819, as occupying their house with their daughter, Hannah Bassett. _See The Baldwin Genealogy._

III. Timothy^{4} Plant, born July 4, 1750; married, 1770, Mary Ann Colberth, who died about 1788, residence, Litchfield, Connecticut. _Account continued on page 323._

IV. Joel^{4} Plant, born March 25, 1753. He is supposed to have died young.

V. Ithiel^{4} Plant, born in 1755; married, November 20, 1783, at Saybrook, Connecticut, Hannah Denison, daughter of George and Jemima (Post) Denison of that place; born October 25, 1758.[16]

_Authorities._--Town and Probate Records at Deep River; gravestone at Westbrook; _Early Connecticut Marriages_, by F. W. Bailey; _The Baldwin Genealogy_; _Record of Connecticut Men in the War of the Revolution_; United States Pension Records as given by Commissioner Evans.

BENJAMIN^{3} PLANT--LORANA BECKWITH.

Benjamin^{3} Plant, son of John^{2} and Hannah (Whedon) Plant (John^{1}), born, about 1732, at Branford; died August 11, 1808, aged 76; married (1), April 5, 1758 (by Rev. Philemon Robbins), Lorana Beckwith, of Lyme, Connecticut; born about 1736; died March 16, 1789, aged 53; married (2), June 17, 1790, Abigail Palmer; married (3), December 6, 1797, Lois Frisbie. He lived in Branford and his children were born there. _See page 315._

I. Hannah^{4} Plant, born January 26, 1759; baptized April 25, 1759; married, June 30, 1779, John Russell.

II. John^{4} Plant, born December 1, 1761; baptized January 17, 1762; removed to Seneca Lake, New York; was twice married but left no children.

III. Benjamin^{4} Plant, born October 1, 1763; died 1812; married, 1787, Lucinda Potter, daughter of Captain Stephen and Sarah (Lindley) Potter; born April 4, 1767, at Branford; died June 26, 1848. They removed to Utica, New York, about 1795.

1. Sally^{5} Plant, born 1790; died 1808.

2. Stephen^{5} Plant, died 1793.

3. Benjamin^{5} Plant, born April 28, 1794; died August 7, 1876; married, April 7, 1823, Sarah Mason, daughter of Arnold and Mercy Mason, 1798-1879.

4. James^{5} Plant, born June 16, 1798; died January 5, 1860; married, November 27, 1833, Hannah A. Mason, daughter of Arnold and Mercy Mason; born 1812.

5. John^{5} Plant, born June 16, 1789; died young.

6. Mary Eliza^{5} Plant, born June 9, 1800; died March 1, 1886; married, September 9, 1820, Roswell Keeler, son of Timothy and Luranay (DeForest) Keeler; 1791-1864.

7. Frederick^{5} Plant, born April 27, 1810; died January 31, 1884.

IV. Anderson^{4} Plant, born November 18, 1765; baptized November 24, 1765; was drowned in the Susquehanna River at the age of about 25.[17]

V. Lorana^{4} Plant, baptized August 30, 1767; married Henry Garret and went to Trenton Falls, New York. Their son Orrin Garret was a printer, and one of the early missionaries to the Sandwich Islands.

VI. Peggy^{4} Plant, born May 26, 1769; baptized June 4, 1769; married, March 23, 1793, Jonathan Frisbie.

VII. Samuel^{4} Plant, born April 1, 1772; baptized April 12, 1772; died July 29, 1862, aged 90; married, February 11, 1795, Sarah Frisbie; born May 15, 1774; died August 25, 1841, aged 67. _Account continued on page 324._

VIII. Elias^{4} Plant, baptized August 7, 1774; married (1), March 31, 1799, Ruhama Hall, daughter of Elias and Ruhama Hall, and widow of Thomas Trowbridge; born January 16, 1776; married (2), November 10, 1843, Lydia Linsley. _Account continued on page 325._

_Authorities._--Town, Church, and Probate Records at Branford and Guilford; _History and Genealogy of the Potter Family_, Part V., p. 6.

SOLOMON^{4} PLANT--SARAH BENNETT.

Solomon^{4} Plant, son of James^{3} and Bathsheba (Page) Plant (John,^{2} John^{1}), born, May 1, 1741, at Branford; died, May 20, 1822, at Stratford; married (1), November 16, 1769, Sarah Bennett, of Stratford, who died September 15, 1815; married (2), November 19, 1816, Mrs. Esther (Frost) Botsford.[18] _See page 315._

I. Hannah^{5} Plant, born October 25, 1770; married, October 7, 1787, Asa Benjamin; born December 2, 1763.

II. Sarah^{5} Plant, born January 5, 1775; died August 14, 1857; married, September 10, 1797, Daniel Judson; born November 24, 1763; died October 4, 1847.

III. Cata^{5} Plant, born December 30, 1777; died January 16, 1778.

IV. David^{5} Plant, born March 29, 1783; died October 18, 1851; married, December 5, 1810, Catharine^{6} Tomlinson; born October 9, 1787; died June 2, 1835. _Account continued on page 327._

_Authorities._--Rolls of Soldiers in the State of New York; Orcutt’s _History of Stratford_.

JAMES^{4} PLANT--LUCY JUDD.

James^{4} Plant, son of James^{3} and Bathsheba (Page) Plant (John,^{2} John^{1}), born September 10, 1742, at Branford; died May 16, 1814; married, January 9, 1772, at New Haven, Lucy Judd, daughter of Joseph and Ruth (Thompson) Judd; born 1742; died August 17, 1822. _See page 315._

I. Lucy^{5} Plant, born May 14, 1773; died May, 1863.

II. Joseph^{5} Plant, born March 26, 1775; died March 30, 1803.

III. Rebekah^{5} Plant, born February 6, 1778; died September, 1862.

IV. James^{5} Plant, born February 16, 1781; died March 23, 1806; residence, Harwinton. Litchfield records say that he left a wife, Nancy, and an infant daughter, Laura.

V. Sally^{5} Plant, born April 14, 1784; died May 23, 1874; married, February 5, 1803, Zephi Brockett, son of Amos and Lucy (Dutton) Brockett. _See “The Tuttle Family,” page 547._

VI. Ebenezer^{5} Plant, born January 10, 1787; died April 30, 1821, at Southington, married, August 29, 1809, Lydia Neale, daughter of Jeremiah and Anna (Fuller) Neale, of that place; born January 29, 1788; died February 22, 1857. _Account continued on page 329._

VII. Vesta^{5} Plant, born March 23, 1791; died January 30, 1815.

_Authorities._--Town and Probate Records at Branford, Guilford, New Haven, and Southington; gravestones in Quinnipiack Cemetery at Plantsville; Letter of Mr. F. H.^{7} Plant.

STEPHEN^{4} PLANT--REBECCA ----.

Stephen^{4} Plant, son of James^{3} and Bathsheba (Page) Plant (John,^{2} John^{1}), baptized March 8, 1747, at Branford; died before February 3, 1808, when his estate was admitted to Probate in Litchfield, Connecticut, and his widow, Rebecca Plant, was appointed administratrix.[19] _See page 316._

I. Naomi^{5} Plant, born September 2, 1776.

II. Jerusha^{5} Plant, born May 17, 1778.

III. Orpah^{5} Plant, born July 24, 1780.

IV. Stephen^{5} Plant, born June 25, 1782.

V. Ruel^{5} Plant, born March 21, 1785; married (1), September 18, 1807, Phebe Spinyer; married (2), October 30, 1842, Hutsah Williams. Children by the first marriage, and born in Litchfield.

1. Isaac^{6} Plant, born August 13, 1808.

2. Maryan^{6} Plant, born February 7, 1811.

3. Hariot^{6} Plant, born March 10, 1814.

4. Stephen^{6} Plant, born January 31, 1817.

5. Jane^{6} Plant, born February 4, 1819.

6. David^{6} Plant, born January 30, 1821.

7. Phebe^{6} Plant, born September 1, 1823.

8. Charlotte^{6} Plant, born July 1, 1826.

9. Abigail^{6} Plant, born October 21, 1828.

VI. Rebecca^{5} Plant, born May 21, 1787.

VII. Ammi^{5} Plant, born November 5, 1789; married, December 7, 1820, Mary Barney, of Litchfield, the service being by Rev. Isaac Jones, of St. Michael’s Church.

VIII. Isaac^{5} Plant, born March 31, 1793.

TIMOTHY^{4} PLANT--MARY ANN COLBERTH.

Timothy^{4} Plant, son of Timothy^{3} and Lucy (Parrish) Plant (John,^{2} John^{1}), born July 4, 1750, at Branford; died about 1777; married, 1770, Mary Ann Colberth.[20] _See page 317._

I. Margaret^{5} Plant, born December 11, 1771; married a Gleason.

II. Timothy^{5} Plant, born January 3, 1773; died April 7, 1836, aged 63; married, January 3, 1795, Chloe Dickerman, of New Haven. _Account continued on page 330._

III. Lucy Parrish^{5} Plant, born November 6, 1774; married a Dickinson and went to the West.

IV. Joel^{5} Plant, born August 22 (or 24), 1776; died 1853, at Meridian, New York. _Account continued on page 332._

V. Avis^{5} Plant, born 1777; unmarried; resided in Richmond, Virginia, for some years and died there.

_Authorities._--Town and Probate Records at Litchfield; _Connecticut Soldiers in the War of the Revolution_; Family Records and Traditions.

SAMUEL^{4} PLANT--SARAH FRISBIE.

Samuel^{4} Plant, son of Benjamin and Lorana (Beckwith) Plant, born April 1, 1772; baptized April 12, 1772, at Branford; died July 29, 1862, aged 90; married, February 11, 1795, Sarah^{6} Frisbie, daughter of Joseph^{5} and Sarah (Rogers) Frisbie (Joseph,^{4} Joseph,^{3} John,^{2} Edward^{1}); born May 15, 1774; died August 25, 1841, aged 67. They lived at Branford. He served as a coastguard in the War of 1812. _See page 320._

I. Anderson^{5} Plant, born January 2, 1796; died October 29, 1826, aged 30; married, December 23, 1818, Betsey Bradley, of Branford. _Account continued on page 335._

II. Polly^{5} Plant, born October 16, 1798; died April 20, 1800.

III. Sally^{5} Plant, born September 17, 1801; married Judah Frisbie, a merchant in New Haven.

IV. John^{5} Plant, born May 19, 1806; died May 22, 1881; married Angelina Beach, daughter of Asher S. and Statira (Baldwin) Beach; born October 9, 1807; died January 13, 1883. He was a deacon of the church.

1. Mary E.^{6} Plant, born October 13, 1826; died September 19, 1879; married, November 9, 1852, William Norton.

2. Anderson W.^{6} Plant, born March 21, 1829; died June 22, 1847.

3. Sarah J.^{6} Plant, born July 24, 1831; died May 30, 1846.

4. George W.^{6} Plant, born March 12, 1833; married, October 6, 1857, Eliza E. Lane, of New Haven; born November 16, 1832; she died March 17, 1895.

5. John B.^{6} Plant, born May 5, 1836; died December 28, 1836.

6. Angelina B.^{6} Plant, born December 24, 1838; died July 20, 1841.

7. Angelina B.^{6} Plant, married, October 5, 1858, Henry T. Swift.

8. Emily S.^{6} Plant, born August 9, 1842; died June 11, 1856.

9. Elizabeth R.^{6} Plant, baptized August 9, 1846; married, July 12, 1871, Edward A. Anketelle.

10. John A.^{6} Plant, born April 7, 1848; died September 16, 1852.

V. Mary R.^{5} Plant, born October 9, 1808; died October 1, 1825, aged 17.

VI. Samuel Orin^{5} Plant, born June 24, 1815; married, February 26, 1839, Mary Ann Blackstone, daughter of Captain James Blackstone.

1. Ellen Blackstone^{6} Plant.

2. Sarah Frisbie^{6} Plant, married Hon. Lynde Harrison, residence, New Haven.

_Authorities._--Town and Church Records at Branford; gravestones at Branford; Family Records; _Baldwin Genealogy_; Rokeby’s _History of New Haven County_.

ELIAS^{4} PLANT--RUHAMAH HALL.

Elias^{4} Plant, son of Benjamin^{3} and Lorana (Beckwith) Plant (John,^{2} John^{1}), baptized August 7, 1774, at Branford; married (1), March 31, 1799, Ruhamah Hall, daughter of Elias and Ruhamah Hall,[21] and widow of Thomas Trowbridge; born January 16, 1776; married (2), November 10, 1843, Lydia Linsley. The children were by the first marriage. _See page 320._

I. William^{5} Plant, born January 4, 1800; baptized with the four younger children, September 30, 1810, at Branford; married Polly Beach, daughter of Asher S. and Statira (Baldwin) Beach. Children born at Branford.

1. Anna Louisa^{6} Plant, born February 14, 1832.

2. Alonzo Austin^{6} Plant, born October 27, 1834; married, July 2, 1857, Elizabeth Mary Hough, of New Haven.

3. Edwin Ezra^{6} Plant, born February 6, 1837.

4. Margaret^{6} Plant.

5. Lucerne^{6} Plant.

6. William^{6} Plant.

7. Albert E.^{6} Plant married Bessie Upson, of East Haven, and had two children, Albert C. Plant and Mabel M. Plant.

II. Mary^{5} Plant, born September 3, 1801.

III. Thomas^{5} Plant, born April 14, 1804; died about 1873; married Sarah Chidsey. His will, dated April 4, 1867, proved June 26, 1873, appoints his brother James executor, and bequeaths all his estate to his sister, Jane Maria^{5} Plant; residence, Guilford.

IV. Edward^{5} Plant, born September 8, 1806; married, September 13, 1831, Harriette Jennette^{7} Street, daughter of Elnathan^{6} and Clarissa (Morris) Street (Nicholas,^{5} Elnathan,^{4} Samuel,^{3} Samuel,^{2} Nicholas^{1}); born July 8, 1807; died June 14, 1866.

1. De Forest Edward^{6} Plant, born June 27, 1832; died March 7, 1875; married, June 16, 1857, (by Rev. H. W. Beecher at Plymouth Church in Brooklyn), Harriet Ely, daughter of C. H. Ely, of Hanover, New Jersey.

2. Harriet Evelina^{6} Plant, born January 18, 1834; died January 13, 1837.

3. Marian Albertina^{6} Plant, born April 1, 1839; died November, 1863; married James La Hon.

4. Ella Alexina^{6} Plant, born July 29, 1849; died 1864.

V. Jane^{5} Plant, born March 1, 1808.

VI. James^{5} Plant, baptized April 28, 1811.

VII. Harriet^{5} Plant, baptized May 23, 1813; married, February 28, 1839, James Morris.

VIII. Julianna^{5} Plant, baptized July 22, 1815; married, August 6, 1839, James T. Leete.

IX. Elias^{5} Plant, baptized June 27, 1817; married, December 31, 1848, Delia E. Beach. He died, and she married, November 24, 1874, Henry Doolittle.

1. Jane Frances^{6} Plant, baptized September 3, 1851.

X. Jane Maria^{5} Plant, baptized July 4, 1819.

_Authorities._--Town and Probate Records; _The Trowbridge Family_; _Hall Family Record_; _The Street Genealogy_.

DAVID^{5} PLANT--CATHARINE TOMLINSON.

David^{5} Plant, son of Solomon^{4} and Sarah (Bennett) Plant (James,^{3} John,^{2} John^{1}), born March 29, 1783, at Stratford; died October 18, 1851; married, December 5, 1810, Catharine^{6} Tomlinson, daughter of Dr. William Agur^{5} and Phebe (Lewis) Tomlinson (Agur,^{4} Zechariah,^{3} Agur,^{2} Henry^{1}); born October 9, 1787; died June 2, 1835.[22] _See page 321._

I. William Agur^{6} Plant, born November 21, 1811, at Stratford; died January 29, 1898, aged 86, at Syracuse, New York; married (1), April 29, 1832, Lucy Fellows, daughter of Ephraim Fellows, and granddaughter of Obed and Lois (Plant) Fellows; she died in 1883, after a married life of over fifty-one years, and he married (2), September 5, 1886, Abbie Healey.[23]

II. Catharine Tomlinson^{6} Plant, married John W. Sterling, son of David and Deborah (Strong) Sterling, residence, Stratford, Connecticut.

III. Sarah Elizabeth^{6} Plant, married Lauren Beach, residence, Marcellus, New York.

IV. Henry^{6} Plant, married Eudocia ----. He was prominent as a business man in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

V. John David^{6} Plant, died February 29, 1860, at St. Anthony, Minnesota, where he was in business.

_Authorities._--Orcutt’s _History of Stratford_; _The Syracuse Press_; Letter of Mrs. W. T. Plant, of Syracuse.

EBENEZER^{5} PLANT--LYDIA NEALE.

Ebenezer^{5} Plant, son of James^{4} and Lucy (Judd) Plant (James,^{3} John,^{2} John^{1}), born January 10, 1787; died April 30, 1821, at Southington; married, August 29, 1809, Lydia Neale, daughter of Jeremiah and Anna (Fuller) Neale, of that place; born January 29, 1788; died February 22, 1857. _See page 321._

I. Harriett^{6} Plant, born May 29, 1810; died September 30, 1816.

II. Laura Ann^{6} Plant, born April 20, 1812; died January 4, 1871; married, June 28, 1831, Alfred A. Hotchkiss.

1. Edwin P.^{7} Hotchkiss, a manufacturer at Plantsville.

III. Amzi Perrin^{6} Plant, born July 2, 1816; died July 24, 1874; married (1), A. E. Shipman, who died April 3, 1849; married (2), March, 1850, Cornelia Dakin.

1. Adelia^{7} Plant, born June 22, 1843; died July 1, 1846.

2. Emily C.^{7} Plant, born May 4, 1853; died April 18, 1867.

3. William Perrin^{7} Plant, born February 8, 1857.

IV. Ebenezer Howard^{6} Plant, born February 25, 1821; died January 12, 1891; married, September 28, 1843, Hannah K. Ives, daughter of Samuel and Abigail (Moss) Ives; born January 6, 1823; died August 17, 1873.

1. Frederick Howard^{7} Plant, born November 15, 1859.

Messrs. Amzi Perrin^{6} Plant and Ebenezer Howard^{6} Plant engaged in manufactures in the southern part of Southington, which developed into large industries, giving employment to many people. The village growing up about these establishments received their name, and is known as Plantsville.

_Authorities._--Southington Town and Probate Records; gravestones in Southington; Trumbull’s _History of Hartford County_.

TIMOTHY^{5} PLANT--CHLOE DICKERMAN.

Timothy^{5} Plant, son of Timothy^{4} and Mary Ann (Colberth) Plant (Timothy,^{3} John,^{2} John^{1}), born January 3, 1773, at Litchfield, Connecticut; died April 7, 1836, aged 63, at New Haven; married, January 3, 1795, Chloe^{5} Dickerman, of New Haven, daughter of Stephen^{4} and Eunice (Tuttle) Dickerman (Isaac,^{3} Abraham,^{2} Thomas^{1}); born July 7, 1773; died May 17, 1850; residence, Litchfield and New Haven. _See page 323._

I. Mary Ann^{6} Plant, born February 17, 1796; died 1852; married, May 19, 1816, Samuel Westcott, of Providence, Rhode Island, died January 28, 1824.

1. Susan^{7} Westcott.

2. Mary Ann^{7} Westcott.

3. Henry P.^{7} Westcott.

4. George^{7} Westcott.

II. Benjamin Dickerman^{6} Plant, born February 8, 1798; married, November 6, 1828, Maria Kaigler, of South Carolina; born December 27, 1805. He was a bookseller in Columbia, South Carolina.

1. Caroline Elizabeth^{7} Plant, married Samuel Rumph; residence, Marshallville, Georgia.

2. George Benjamin^{7} Plant, married Lætitia McGehee; residence, Marshallville.

3. Emily Maria^{7} Plant, married William I. Greene; residence, Fort Valley, Georgia.

III. Susan^{6} Plant, born September 19, 1800; died August 30, 1801.

IV. Susan^{6} Plant, born October 21, 1802; died January 20, 1831; married, November 6, 1828, Timothy McCarthy.

V. Caroline^{6} Plant, born January 27, 1806; died July 14, 1879; married, February 21, 1830, Fordyce Wrigley, son of Edward Wrigley, of England; born January 25, 1803; died October 1, 1846; residence, Macon, Georgia.

1. Benjamin Henry^{7} Wrigley, married, January 12, 1864, Lucy Knott.

2. Julia^{7} Wrigley, married, May 10, 1866, D. H. Peden; residence, Griffin, Georgia.

3. Lucia^{7} Wrigley, married, October 31, 1888, A. W. Blake.

4. William^{7} Wrigley, married (1), November, 1866, Annie Mellard; married (2), Ida McPherson.

VI. Timothy Henry^{6} Plant, born February 1, 1808; died January 4, 1871; married, August 28, 1834, Sarah Maria Peck, of Kensington, Connecticut, born September 14, 1814. He and his brother, Increase Cook^{6} Plant, were together at Columbia in the store of their older brother, and from there went to Augusta, Georgia, and established a book business under the firm name of “T. H. & I. C. Plant.”

1. Augusta M.^{7} Plant, residence, Macon, Georgia.

VII. Ebenezer^{6} Plant, born April 28, 1810; died November 26, 1876; married Adeline Gibbs Nye, of New Bedford, Massachusetts.

1. Ida^{7} Plant.

2. Lucy^{7} Plant.

3. Annie^{7} Plant.

VIII. A child born April 8, 1812, died young.

IX. Increase Cook^{6} Plant, born February 27, 1814; died November 16, 1892; married (1), July 24, 1838, Charlotte Walker; married (2), October 2, 1843, Elizabeth Mary Hazlehurst. _Account continued on page 335._

X. A daughter, twin of Increase Cook^{6} Plant, died young.

_Authorities._--_Families of Dickerman Ancestry;_ Private family records.

JOEL^{5} PLANT--MARY JORDAN.

Joel^{5} Plant, born August 24, 1776, in Connecticut; died in 1853, at Meridian, New York; married, November 27, 1800, at Litchfield, Connecticut, Mary Jordan, of Woodstock; born December 4, 1776; died in 1846, at Peru, New York.[24] _See page 324._

I. John^{6} Plant, born June 26, 1801; married twice; a physician at Hyde Park, Pennsylvania.

II. Lorenzo^{6} Plant, born April 17, 1803; died July 2, 1836, at Orwell, Vermont; married (1), October 7, 1829, Louisa Hall, who died May 9, 1830, aged 21; married (2), October 11, 1831, Harriet M. Cook; born December 29, 1812; died March 11, 1888, at Georgia, Vermont. (She married (2), February 13, 1844, Noah R. Parker.)

1. Azro Melvin^{7} Plant, born May 25, 1835; married, November 29, 1864, Annie Fairchild, of Milton, Vermont, born March 27, 1846. He was Assistant Surgeon, 14th Regiment, Vermont Volunteers in the war, and served in hospitals at Washington, after which he was a druggist at St. Albans, Vermont. Residence, in 1898, Milton.

III. Alanson^{6} Plant, born March 28, 1805; died in 1844; married Betsey Hiscock, of Onondaga Hill, New York; residence, Kenyonville, New York.

IV. Althea Mariah^{6} Plant, born May 7, 1807; died June 27, 1862; married William M. Taylor (died December, 1850), who had previously married her sister Mary, who died; residence, Dudley, Massachusetts.

1. Mary P.^{7} Taylor, born August 11, 1839; died July 2, 1843.

2. William A.^{7} Taylor, born about 1841; died July 20, 1864.

3. Martha O.^{7} Taylor, born January 15, 1843; died August 2, 1848.

4. Mary A.^{7} Taylor, born November 2, 1844; married, October 19, 1871, ---- Prentice, Norwich, Connecticut.

5. Helen^{7} Taylor, born July 27, 1846; married Henry Holt; residence, Hartford, Connecticut.

6. Hyram^{7} Taylor, born July 27, 1846; died July 22, 1863.

7. Annie Maria^{7} Taylor, born November 2, 1847; died July 19, 1849.

8. Lorenzo P.^{7} Taylor, born December, 1850; died March 30, 1851.

V. Almira^{6} Plant, born April 30, 1809; died December, 1891; married A. G. Wheeler.

VI. Mary^{6} Plant, born March 8, 1811; died 1837, at New Boston, Connecticut; married William M. Taylor.

VII. Lucy^{6} Plant, born June 26, 1813; died 1843, at Peru, New York.

VIII. A. Joel^{6} Plant, born May 15, 1815; died 1872, in Cortland County, New York; married, 1845, Margaret Phillips, of Locke, New York.

1. Adin^{7} Plant, residence, Binghamton, New York.

2. Leona^{7} Plant, residence, Binghamton, New York.

IX. Lauren P.^{6} Plant, born March 7, 1817, in Rutland County, Vermont; died at Cicero, New York, January 29, 1898; married, February 25, 1836, Mrs. Sarah R. Smiley, of that place, who died there December 5, 1877. He was a Republican in politics and held the offices, at different times, of Town Clerk, Constable, and Deputy Sheriff.

1. Byron^{7} Plant, born April 29, 1839; married, September 25, 1861, Minerva Saunders.

2. Mary Elizabeth^{7} Plant, born January 18, 1842, at Sullivan, New York; died February 25, 1891; married, April 11, 1867, Job Fuller, of Syracuse.

3. Almira^{7} Plant, born September 2, 1844, at Cicero; married, October 6, 1886, John S. Botsford, of Clay, New York.

X. Arunah H.^{6} Plant, born October 25, 1819; died September 5, 1873; married, April 19, 1848, at Maumee, Ohio, Mrs. Amelia Lane. In 1866 he wrote to his niece in Vermont, “I have not accumulated much of this world’s goods, but have a pleasant home and am contented.”

1. Mary Sedate^{7} Plant, born December 31, 1848; married, January, 1885, J. M. McCann, of Toledo, Ohio.

2. Helen M.^{7} Plant, born September 12, 1850; married, September 1, 1880, Elijah Lee Jaquis.

_Authorities._--Letters from members of the family.

ANDERSON^{5} PLANT--BETSEY BRADLEY.

Anderson^{5} Plant, son of Samuel^{4} and Sarah (Frisbie) Plant (Benjamin,^{3} John,^{2} John^{1}), born January 2, 1796, at Branford; died there October 29, 1826[25]; married, December 23, 1818, Betsey^{6} Bradley, daughter of Levi^{5} and Lydia (Beach) Bradley (Timothy,^{4} Daniel,^{3} Isaac,^{2} Francis^{1}), born August 28, 1799; died January 20, 1886, at New Haven. She married (2), Philemon Hoadley, born March 31, 1797, at Southampton, Massachusetts; died January 28, 1862, at New Haven. _See page 324._

I. Henry Bradley^{6} Plant, born October 27, 1819; married (1), September 25, 1843, Ellen E. Blackstone, who died February 28, 1861; married (2), July 2, 1873, Margaret Josephine Loughman, only daughter of Martin Loughman of New York City. _Account continued on page 336._

II. Eliza Ann^{6} Plant, baptized September 26, 1824, died young.

_Authorities._--Branford and Guilford Town and Probate Records; _The Hoadley Family_.

INCREASE COOK^{6} PLANT--MARY E. HAZLEHURST.

Increase Cook^{6} Plant, son of Timothy^{5} and Chloe (Dickerman) Plant (Timothy,^{4} Timothy,^{3} John,^{2} John^{1}), born February 27, 1814, at New Haven; died July 23, 1883, at Macon, Georgia; married (1), July 24, 1838, Charlotte Walker, of Leamingston, Vermont, who died March 12, 1839; married (2), October 2, 1843, Elizabeth Mary^{5} Hazlehurst, daughter of Robert^{4} and Elizabeth Pettingale (Wilson) Hazlehurst (Robert,^{3} Isaac,^{2} Robert^{1}), born April 20, 1819, at Brunswick, Georgia; died July 23, 1883, at Macon.

Beginning business in a bookstore with his brother at Augusta, Georgia, he soon entered upon a banking business, which he followed at Columbus and Brunswick, and finally at Macon, where his name is held in honor not only as a banker but as an influential, public-spirited citizen. _See page 331._

I. Mary Hazlehurst^{7} Plant, married, October 6, 1875, Marshall de Graffenried; residence, Atlanta, Georgia.

II. Robert Hazlehurst^{7} Plant, born December 21, 1847; married, July 25, 1871, Margaret Redding Ross, daughter of John Bennett and Martha (Redding) Ross, of Macon. He succeeded his father in the banking business, and has engaged in other enterpises, insurance and manufacturing, which are highly prosperous.

III. George Henry^{7} Plant, married Minnie Leila Wood; residence, Macon, where he is engaged in banking in the firm with his brother.

IV. Elizabeth Wilson^{7} Plant, married Alonzo D. Schofield; residence, Macon.

HENRY BRADLEY^{6} PLANT--{ELLEN E. BLACKSTONE. {MARGARET J. LOUGHMAN.

Henry Bradley^{6} Plant, son of Anderson^{5} and Betsey (Bradley) Plant (Samuel,^{4} Benjamin,^{3} John,^{2} John^{1}), born October 27, 1819, at Branford; married (1), September 25, 1843, Ellen E.^{7} Blackstone, daughter of Captain James^{6} and Sarah (Beach) Blackstone (Timothy,^{5} John,^{4} John,^{3} John,^{2} Rev. W. T.^{1}); born February 21, 1821; died February 28, 1861; married (2), July 2, 1873, Margaret Josephine Loughman, only daughter of Martin Loughman, of New York City. _See page 335._

I. A boy; ----, born ----, died June 17, 1846, aged 17 mo., 4 days.

II. Morton F.^{7} Plant, born August 18, 1852; married Nellie^{7} Capron, daughter of Col. F. B.^{6}; Capron, of Baltimore, Md. They have a son, Henry Bradley^{8} Plant, Jr., born May 18, 1895.

Banfield^{1} Capron, born in Chester, England, in 1640. In 1654 he came to America, to Barrington, Mass.; married a lady named Callender, of Rehoboth, Mass. They had twelve children, six sons and six daughters. He died August 20, 1752; gravestone in Attleboro.

Jonathan^{2} Capron, farmer, sixth son, of Attleboro, Mass., born March 11, 1705; married Rebecca Morse, who died August 29, 1772. (See gravestone, Attleboro.) They had eight children.

Elisha^{3} Capron, third son, married Abigail Makepeace, of Norton, Mass., and resided at Attleboro, Mass.; had nine children.

Seth^{4} Capron, first son, born September 23, 1762; married Eunice Mann, of Attleboro, Mass., daughter of Jesse Brown, of Cumberland, R. I. They had six children. Fought in the Revolutionary War; died at Walden, Orange County, N. Y., September 4, 1835.

Newton Mann^{5} Capron, first son, born August 24, 1791, at Cumberland, R. I.; married Maria Brown, May 29, 1815; had two children.

Francis Brown^{6} Capron, first son, born May 17, 1816; married Olivia Royston at Baltimore, Md., and had three children.

Nellie^{7} Capron, first daughter; married Morton Freeman^{7} Plant, June 23, 1887.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] George Frisbie Hoar.

[2] Mr. Alfred Plant, of Webster Grove, Missouri, in a letter of December 11, 1897.

[3] Mr. George D. Plant, Principal of the Seward School in Chicago.

[4] _New Eng. Hist. and Gen. Reg._, April 1886.

[5] _Lists of Emigrants_, by J. C. Hotten.

[6] _Soldiers in King Philip’s War_, by George M. Bodge, page 442.

[7] His name appears, November 6, 1677, as a witness on the record of a payment. On February 20, 1683, he was given six acres on Mulliner’s Hill, below the road, on condition of his improving it within two years. On February 4, 1688, he was given six acres more “on the way hill,” that is, half way to the iron works at the outlet of the lake. He was sworn in as a freeman at Branford, April 8, 1690. His lot was laid out below the path, bounded on the west corner by a great white-oak-tree, on the north corner by a small walnut-, on the east by a black-oak-, and by a walnut-tree at the south.

The original home of the Plants seems to have been near George Plant’s present residence. The old Plant house was once used as a hotel and again as a store. A tornado once tore down a fine orchard behind the house, and overthrew a cider mill near it. John^{2} Plant, Jr., sold the part of Mulliner’s Hill, which had formerly belonged to Thomas Goodsell, to Deacon John Rose, July 13, 1713, and bought of John Goodsell, in 1727, three acres at Mulliner’s Neck.

[8] Orcutt’s _History of Stratford_ says that John Plant’s wife was Betty Roundkettle, and that he was probably of the Saltonstall company, but the authority is not stated.

[9] Elizabeth Plant married, July 23, 1712, John Coach, also of Branford, who died about 1728, as evidenced by the Probate Records. She was appointed administrator, June 14, 1728. The inventory exhibited June 26th following gives the valuation of his property at £118 14_s._ 4_d._ The children are named, Sarah, about twelve years of age, James, ten, Elizabeth, eight, Mary, five, John, three.

Sarah Coach married, September 20, 1738, Eleazer Stent.

Elizabeth Coach married, March 9, 1736, Jacob Carter.

[10] Thomas Whedon, the grandfather of Hannah Whedon, came to New Haven with John Meigs, who, in 1648, bought the lot on the corner of Chapel and Church Streets, where the Cutler building now stands. Before leaving England Thomas Whedon had been bound to Meigs as an apprentice to learn his art of tanner. He took the oath of fidelity in 1657; married, May 24, 1651, Ann Harvey, at New Haven; moved to Branford, and his name appears on the lists of proprietors, January 17, 1676, as having five children, and an estate valued at £96; he died in 1691, leaving a wife and five children. Their son, Thomas Whedon, Jr., was born May 31, 1663, at New Haven, and died in 1692; his wife, Hannah Barnes, was the eldest daughter of John and Mercy (Betts) Barnes, and was born December 23, 1670.

John^{2} Plant became a member of the church at Branford, September 2, 1716, and Hannah Plant, September 21, 1729. His will is in the Probate Records at Guilford, Connecticut, dated February 29, 1752, proved July 7, 1752. It names his wife, Hannah Plant, who was appointed administratrix, daughters Hannah Whedon and Elizabeth Plant, and sons John, Jonathan, James, Timothy, and Abraham. The inventory of the estate places the valuation at £1007 6_s._ 1¼_d._ whereof £891 8_s._ 11¼_d._ was real estate, of which one hundred acres of land was in Litchfield. In the distribution, which was made December 19, 1752, Elizabeth is called the wife of Josiah Parrish.

The will of Hannah Plant is also to be seen at Guilford, dated November 31, 1752, proved December 18, 1753, presented by John Plant, executor. It names sons John, Jonathan, James, Timothy, Abraham, and Benjamin, and daughters Hannah Whedon and Elizabeth Parrish. The distribution occurred February 18, 1754, when Hannah was called the wife of Abraham Whedon, and Elizabeth the wife of Josiah Parrish.

Benjamin’s name occurs in his mother’s will, but is omitted in his father’s.

[11] His will, dated December 22, 1761, proved September 7, 1762, names wife Hannah Whedon, sons Reuben, William, and Noah, daughters Hannah, Martha, Submit, Sarah, and “youngest daughter Deborah, that still lives with me.” William and Noah were minors, and chose their mother guardian.

Reuben Whedon’s will, signed March 20, 1806, proved September 23, 1806, names wife Rachel, son Abraham, of Bolton, grandson Daniel, son of Abraham. The court appoints Captain William Whedon one of two commissioners to divide the estate.

William Whedon’s will, dated February 6, 1821, names daughter Polly Page, son Captain Ozias Whedon, grandsons William N., Charles R., and Amaziah H., also five grandchildren, John, Catharine, Andrew, Noah, and George, children of son Edward Whedon.

Guardian’s records of Amos Seward, January 20, 1822, and June 14, 1824, name Charles R. Whedon, minor son of Captain Noah Whedon, of New Haven, and grandson of Captain William Whedon, with his brother William N. Whedon, and Lucretia, the widow of Captain Noah Whedon.

[12] His will, signed at Branford, March 4, 1755, proved March 25, 1788, names his brother Benjamin executor and sole legatee.

[13] The deed of Timothy^{3} Plant to his son Timothy^{4} (page 313) names “heirs of Samuel Baker, deceased, assignee of my late brother Jonathan Plant, deceased.”

[14] The will of John Parrish, the father of Josiah and also of Lucy Parrish, the wife of Timothy^{3} Plant, dated April 5, 1748, proved April 14, 1748, names wife Hannah Parrish, son Josiah, two younger sons, Gideon and Joel, and three daughters, Hannah, Lucia, and Abigail. In the inventory his estate was valued at £471 10_s._ 8_d._

[15] On December 25, 1780, he was appointed by the town of Derby to collect the assessments to raise recruits for the Continental army.

His will, dated April 1, 1796, proved July 3, 1796, names widow Esther Plant, two sons, Samuel and David, daughters Lucy, Polly, and Sally. The estate was appraised at £313 4_s._ 11_d._ and includes seventy acres of land with a house and barn, in the parish of Great Hills.

[16] Ethan Plant, of Saybrook, is recorded as in the Revolutionary army, from May 8, 1775, to December 18, of the same year.

Ethel Plant is also enrolled as enlisting at New London, May 24, 1778, in the Third troop of light dragoons, and is described as “a cooper, stature, 5 feet 8½ inches, complexion light, eyes light, hair dark.”

On June 5, 1813, Ethel Plant made application for a pension, being at that time 63 years of age, and a resident of Delhi, New York. The pension was allowed for six years’ actual service in the Connecticut troops in the Revolutionary War.

The town clerk of Delhi writes, January 26, 1898, that no traces of such a person are now to be found there.

His marriage was by the name of Ethiel Plant. The various spellings were no doubt due to the unusualness of the name.

The home of this family seems to have passed from Branford to Saybrook soon after the marriage of the elder daughter, devolving on her the care of her younger sister and brothers. In a similar way, after the marriage of Hannah Plant to Mr. Baldwin, her home in Milford may have become a place of frequent resort for her brothers. This would account in a measure for the marriage of Timothy to a person who seems to have been of a Milford family, probably that of Humphrey and Margaret Colebreath.

[17] Anderson Plant, of Branford, bought three acres of land in Southington, October 3, 1787, and sold the same to Thomas Stow of Middletown, April 7, 1788. Witnessed by John Plant.--_Southington Land Records_, Vol. ii., pp. 302-321.

[18] He was a soldier in the French and Indian War, enlisted at the age of 19, April 10, 1760, under Captain Jonathan Baker, in Suffolk County, “from Brandford, New England, wheelwright.” He served in Captain David Mulford’s company. On returning from the war he settled in Stratford, where his children were born.

[19] On May 5, 1770, he, with John Smith, also of Branford, bought of Joseph Pickett forty acres of land in Litchfield, for which they paid £45. Soon after this he removed to Litchfield, and on July 13 following the land was divided, and he took the north half. Here he seems to have lived and reared his family.

[20] He removed to Litchfield, Connecticut, about 1772, the occasion for which was as follows: On June 26, 1734, his grandfather, John^{2} Plant, bought of Josiah Rogers, of Branford, a tract of one hundred acres of land in Litchfield on the west side of the Waterbury River. This land remained undivided at the settlement of John^{2} Plant’s estate, and passed in this manner to his six sons. Of these, Timothy^{3} Plant sold his share of one sixth to his son Timothy,^{4} October 7, 1772, for £17. A little later, January 13, 1773, Timothy^{4} Plant, Jr., bought also the share of his uncle James, which had been previously sold to David Wooster. Then, May 23, 1774, he bought of Asa and Harris Hopkins two thirds of another tract of one hundred acres. He afterward sold both of these tracts at a considerable advance on their cost. But having made his home in Litchfield, the family remained there.

In the Revolutionary War he entered the army, March 2, 1777, in the Fifth regiment, Connecticut line, Captain J. A. Wright’s company, and was reported missing at Germantown, October 4, 1777. Tradition says that he was drafted, and that in the battle he was taken prisoner and confined in “the old sugar house” at New York, or in “the prison ship,” and died there, no word having ever come from him to his family. The births of his children are registered in Litchfield, except of the youngest, who must have been born after he went to the war.

[21] Elias^{5} Hall was the eldest child of John^{4} and Abigail (Russell) Hall; (John,^{3} John,^{2} John^{1}). Ruhamah was the only child of his second wife, who died at her daughter’s birth. He served in the French and Indian War in Colonel Whiting’s regiment, under Lord Amherst, and was on duty at Ticonderoga and Crown Point until 1759. He settled in Cheshire, Connecticut; removed in 1784 to Pittsford, Vermont, and died October 30, 1821, at the house of his son Elias, at Williston, Vermont.

[22] “He prepared himself for college at the Cheshire Academy, and was graduated at Yale College in 1804, after which he studied law at the Litchfield Law School. He was a classmate and friend of John C. Calhoun, who was not only with him in college but also studied law at Litchfield. In 1819 and 1820 Mr. Plant was Speaker of the Connecticut House of Representatives, and in 1821 was elected to the Senate, after which he was twice re-elected. He was Lieutenant-Governor from 1823 to 1827, and from 1827 to 1829 was a member of the United States Congress. In politics he was a staunch Whig. Calhoun when Secretary of State offered him, for friendship’s sake, any position within his gift, but he declined to hold office under the dominant party. He was one of the most influential men of his day in political circles of the State of Connecticut.”

[23] For several years of his early life he was in mercantile business in New York City. At the age of twenty he removed to Marcellus, New York, and engaged in farming until 1872, when he made his home in Syracuse, where he became a prominent member of the Brown Memorial M. E. Church.

“He was a man of strong character, honorable and upright, with clear intellect and much originality, fond of books, and well informed on the events transpiring in his country and throughout the world.”

There were six children by his first marriage, two of whom were Charles H.^{7} Plant and Mrs. W. R. Knowles, who died before him. The four others are Dr. William T.^{7} Plant, Alfred D.^{7} Plant, and Miss Ailda^{7} Plant, of Syracuse, and Mrs. I. W. Davey, of Marcellus.

William Tomlinson^{7} Plant, the eldest of these, was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1860, and began practice as a physician in Ithaca, New York. Early in the war he entered the United States Navy as surgeon, and continued till October, 1865, when he resigned, and in 1866 began the practice of medicine in Syracuse. This he followed till about 1894, when paralysis compelled him to retire from active life. He has filled many positions of honor and responsibility; has been on the medical staff of a large hospital, doing duty there four months in the year; was one of the founders of the Medical College of Syracuse, in which he held the chair of Jurisprudence and Pediatrics, and has contributed much to medical journals, having been the editor of one such periodical.

He has one son, John W.^{8} Plant, who is in the graduating class of Syracuse Medical College for 1898.

[24] A tradition represents him to have been the son of Joel^{4} Plant, the brother of Timothy,^{4} but no records confirm this view, while a number of points in his story seem to identify him with Joel,^{5} the son of Timothy,^{4} born at Litchfield, according to one entry there, August 22, 1776, and according to another, August 24, 1776. The following account is from his son, Mr. Lauren Plant, of Cicero, New York, December 25, 1897.

“Timothy, the son of John Plant, married Lucy Parrish, settled in New Haven, and was in the bookbinding business. Among their children were two sons, Timothy, born July 4, 1750, who subsequently settled in Litchfield; and Joel, born March 25, 1753, who was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, and died, or was killed, on Long Island in 1779, leaving a wife and two children in New Haven. A daughter, Margaret, afterward married Benoni Gleson and went to Vermont. Joel was born August 24, 1776; his mother died when he was twelve years old, and at the age of fourteen he was bound out to work in the bookbindery that his grandfather had established long before. Not liking the business, he ran away, at the age of seventeen, and went west to the banks of the Susquehanna River, where he remained two seasons, returning to his Uncle Tim’s in Litchfield and attending school in the winter, where he made the acquaintance of Mary Jordan, whom he married. They lived two or three years in Worthington, Massachusetts, then moved to Benson, Rutland County, Vermont, and, in 1837, to Onondaga County, New York.”

[25] Anderson Plant’s estate was in probate, June 13, 1827. Mr. Samuel Plant was chosen and appointed guardian of Henry Bradley Plant, who with his mother, Mrs. Betsey Plant, were the only heirs.