Chapter IV.

[B] Both boys and girls have clubs, societies and organizations, which are useless, enervating or merely harmless when they exist without purpose. If, on the other hand, the aggregate energy can be collected into profitable channels, these same gangs or societies are a real source of education and training. Any organization without consistent, sustained purpose is a waste of social energy. Baseball is worth while, but the merits of high school fraternities are doubtful.

[C] It will be evident that the term _crafts_ as here used is a more comprehensive term than when employed in connection with the arts and crafts furore of the past few years. Any kind of manual occupation may be a craft; if it involves a measure of art and science it may become more than a craft. But with children the craft stage, which is characteristic, includes many occupations which may not even be true crafts as the term is ordinarily used.