Category: Science - Physics
The principal parts of the Kaleidoscope are two reflecting planes, made of glass, or metal, or any other reflecting substance ground perfectly flat and highly polished. These reflectors, which are generally made of plate glass, either rough ground on their outer side, or cover...
The principal parts of the Kaleidoscope are two reflecting planes, made of glass, or metal, or any other reflecting substance ground perfectly flat and highly polished. These re...
2. CHAPTER II.The principles which we have laid down in the preceding chapter must not be considered as in any respect the principles of the Kaleidoscope. They are merely a series of prelimin...
3. CHAPTER III.Hitherto we have considered both the object and the mirrors as stationary, and we have contemplated only the effects produced by the union of the different parts of the picture....
4. CHAPTER IV.It has been taken for granted in the preceding chapters, not only that the object seen by direct vision is in a state of perfect junction with the images of it formed by reflexi...
5. CHAPTER V.If the object is placed within the reflectors at any point =D=, Fig. 16, between their object end =O=, and their eye-end =E=, a perfectly symmetrical picture will obviously be f...
6. CHAPTER VI.When we look through a Kaleidoscope in which the mirrors are placed at an angle of 18° or 22½°, the eye will perceive a very obvious difference in the intensity of the light in...
7. CHAPTER VII.In order to construct the Kaleidoscope in its most simple form, we must procure two reflectors, about five, six, seven, or eight inches long. These reflectors may be either rect...
8. CHAPTER VIII.Although the Kaleidoscope is capable of creating beautiful forms from the most ugly and shapeless objects, yet the combinations which it presents, when obtained from certain sha...
9. CHAPTER IX.When the Kaleidoscope is directed to the sky, or to a luminous object, such as a gas flame, or the flame of a candle, a uniform tint is seen through the pieces of glass, or othe...
10. CHAPTER X.We have already seen, in explaining the principles of the Kaleidoscope, that a symmetrical picture cannot be formed from objects placed at any distance from the instrument. If w...
11. CHAPTER XI.In all the preceding instruments, the reflecting planes are fixed at an invariable angle, which is some even aliquot part of 360°; and therefore, though the forms or patterns wh...
12. CHAPTER XII.In the instruments already described, the pictures which they create, though they may be made of various outlines, have all a centre to which the reflected images are symmetrica...
13. CHAPTER XIII.Hitherto we have considered the effects of combining two reflectors, by means of which the reflected images are arranged around one centre, either visible or invisible; but it m...
14. CHAPTER XIV.When light is incident upon the most perfectly polished metals, a very considerable quantity of it is absorbed, and even when the reflexion is made at the greatest obliquities,...
15. CHAPTER XV.In the various forms of the Kaleidoscope which have been described in the preceding chapters, the pictures which it creates are visible only to one person at a time; but it is b...
16. CHAPTER XVI.In the preceding chapters we have supposed that the objects are illuminated by common light, and that the forms which compose the symmetrical figure are those of material bodies...
17. CHAPTER XVII.If we apply the Kaleidoscope to any statue or architectural ornament, or any other solid object represented, photographically, on a transparent binocular slide, the figures will...
18. CHAPTER XVIII.The name of _Microscopic Kaleidoscope_ may be given to the instrument, under two forms, namely, when it is made to produce symmetrical patterns from microscopic objects, or when...
19. CHAPTER XIX.The property of the Kaleidoscope, which has excited more wonder, and therefore more controversy than any other, is the number of combinations or changes which it is capable of p...
20. CHAPTER XX.If we examine the various objects of art which have exercised the skill and ingenuity of man, we shall find that they derive all their beauty from the symmetry of their form, an...
21. CHAPTER XXI.In a preceding chapter we have referred to the delineation of the pictures created by the Kaleidoscope, when they are received on the ground glass of a camera obscura, or when a...
22. CHAPTER XXII.The splendid discoveries which have been made with the telescope and microscope have invested them with a philosophical character which can never be attached to any other instru...
23. CHAPTER XXIII.It has always been the fate of new inventions to have their origin referred to some remote period; and those who labour to enlarge the boundaries of science, or to multiply the...