CHAPTER XII

THE OPPOSITION

Footnote 164:

The Messenians also expelled the Epicureans (Athen. xii. 547), and Antiochus (VI) Dionysius, or rather Tryphon in his name, expelled all philosophers from Antioch and all Syria (Athen. _ibid._). The latter document has been questioned by Radermacher, Rh. Mus. N. F. lvi. (1901), 202, but on insufficient grounds. It is probably genuine, but the king referred to is uncertain. It will be remembered that the Epicurean Philonides claimed to have converted Epiphanes and to have been a favorite of Demetrius (Crönert, Stzb. Berl. (1900), 943, and Usener Rh. Mus. N. F. lvi. (1901), 145 seq.) Alexander Balas professed Stoicism.

Footnote 165:

Josephus, Ant. XVIII. ix.

Footnote 166:

Dio Cassius, lviii. 32; Ens. Chron. ii. 164. The account in its details is not free from doubt.

Footnote 167:

Josephus, Ant. XIV. x.

Footnote 168:

Senatusconsultum de Bacch. C. I. L. i. 43, n. 196. Bruns Fontes, n. 35, ll. 14-16.

Footnote 169:

Cf. the instances cited in Cumont, Les rel. or. dans le pag. rom., p. 122, and the articles on Isis in the Pauly-Wissowa Realenzykl, the Dar.-Saglio Dict., and Roscher’s Lexikon.

Footnote 170:

In Greek διαβολή. Cf. Aristotle, Rhetoric, II. iii. 30; Syrianus, In Hermogenem, ii. (134, 3). Of this διαβολή, a favorite form was ἐπηρεασμός, “mockery” (Arist. _op. cit._ II. ii. 3), and “Commonplaces,” κοινοὶ τόποι, on the subject are cited in Aristotle (_op. cit._ III. xv. 1).

Footnote 171:

Reinach, Textes, p. 49.

Footnote 172:

Eratosthenes was head of the Alexandrian Academy.

Footnote 173:

Apollo is the god named and ascribed to Dora, which, as Josephus remarks, is not in Idumaea at all. Nor does Apollo appear as the god of Dora on the coins of that city. According to Josephus (Ant. XV.