CHAPTER IV.

_History of the government, from the dissolution of the company to the year 1707._

Sec. 53. King Charles First establishes the constitution of government, in the methods appointed by the first assembly, 45 54. The ground of the ill settlement of Virginia, 45 55. Lord Baltimore in Virginia, 46 56. Lord Baltimore, proprietor of Maryland, 46 Maryland named from the queen, 46 57. Young Lord Baltimore seats Maryland, 46 Misfortune to Virginia, by making Maryland a distinct government, 47 58. Great grants and defalcations from Virginia, 47 59. Governor Harvey sent prisoner to England, and by the king remanded back governor again, 47 60. The last Indian massacre, 48 61. A character and account of Oppechancanough, the Indian emperor, 48 62. Sir William Berkeley made governor, 49 63. He takes Oppechancanough prisoner, 49 Oppechancanough's death, 50 64. A new peace with the Indians, but the country disturbed by the troubles in England, 50 65. Virginia subdued by the protector, Cromwell, 50 66. He binds the plantations by an act of navigation, 51 67. His jealousy and change of governors in Virginia, 51 68. Upon the death of Matthews, the protector's governor, Sir William Berkeley is chosen by the people, 52 69. He proclaims King Charles II before he was proclaimed in England, 52 70. King Charles II renews Sir William Berkeley's commission, 52 71. Sir William Berkeley makes Colonel Morrison deputy governor, and goes to England, 53 The king renews the act concerning the plantation, 53 72. The laws revised, 53 The church of England established by law, 53 73. Clergy provided for by law, 53 74. The public charge of the government sustained by law, 53 75. Encouragement of particular manufactures by law, 54 76. The instruction for all ships to enter at Jamestown, used by law, 54 77. Indian affairs settled by law, 54 78. Jamestown encouraged by law, 54 79. Restraints upon sectaries in religion, 55 80. A plot to subvert the government, 55 81. The defeat of the plot, 55 82. An anniversary feast upon that occasion, 56 83. The king commands the building a fort at Jamestown, 56 84. A new restraint on the plantations by act of parliament, 56 85. Endeavors for a stint in planting tobacco, 56 86. Another endeavor at a stint defeated, 57 87. The king sent instructions to build forts, and confine the trade to certain ports, 57 88. The disappointment of those ports, 58 89. Encouragement of manufactures enlarged, 58 90. An attempt to discovery the country backward, 59 Captain Batt's relation of that discovery, 59 91. Sir William Berkeley intends to prosecute that discovery in person, 60 92. The grounds of Bacon's rebellion, 60 Four ingredients thereto, 61 93. First, the low price of tobacco, 61 Second, splitting the country into proprieties, 61 The country send agents, to complain of the propriety grants, 61 94. Third, new duties by act in England on the plantations, 62 95. Fourth, disturbances on the land frontiers by the Indians, 62 First, by the Indians on the head of the bay, 62 Second, by the Indians on their own frontiers, 63 96. The people rise against the Indians, 63 They choose Nathan Bacon, Jr., for their leader, 63 97. He heads them, and sends to the governor for a commission, 64 98. He begins his march without a commission, 64 The governor sends for him, 65 99. Bacon goes down in a sloop with forty of his men to the governor, 65 100. Goes away in a huff, is pursued and brought back by governor, 65 101. Bacon steals privately out of town, and marches down to the assembly with six hundred of his volunteers, 65 102. The governor, by advice of assembly, signs a commission to Mr. Bacon to be general, 66 103. Bacon being marched away with his men is proclaimed rebel, 66 104. Bacon returns with his forces to Jamestown, 66 105. The governor flies to Accomac, 66 The people there begin to make terms with him, 67 106. Bacon holds a convention of gentlemen, 67 They propose to take an oath to him, 67 107. The forms of the oath, 67 108. The governor makes head against him, 69 General Bacon's death, 69 109. Bacon's followers surrender upon articles, 69 110. The agents compound with the proprietors, 69 111. A new charter to Virginia, 70 112. Soldiers arrive from England, 70 113. The dissolution by Bacon's rebellion, 70 114. Commissioners arrive in Virginia, and Sir William Berkeley returns to England, 71 115. Herbert Jeffreys, esq., governor, concludes peace with Indians, 71 116. Sir Henry Chicheley, deputy governor, builds forts against Indians, 71 The assembly prohibited the importation of tobacco, 72 117. Lord Colepepper, governor, 72 118. Lord Colepepper's first assembly, 72 He passes several obliging acts to the country, 72 119. He doubles the governor's salary, 72 120. He imposes the perquisite of ship money, 73 121. He, by proclamation, raises the value of Spanish coins, and lowers it again, 73 122. Sir Henry Chicheley, deputy governor, 74 The plant cutting, 74 123. Lord Colepepper's second assembly, 75 He takes away appeals to the assembly, 75 124. His advantage thereby in the propriety of the Northern Neck, 76 125. He retrenches the new methods of court proceedings, 77 126. He dismantled the forts on the heads of rivers, and appointed rangers in their stead, 77 127. Secretary Spencer, president, 77 128. Lord Effingham, governor, 77 Some of his extraordinary methods of getting money, 77 Complaints against him, 78 129. Duty on liquors first raised, 78 130. Court of Chancery by Lord Effingham, 78 131. Colonel Bacon, president, 79 The college designed, 79 132. Francis Nicholson, lieutenant governor, 79 He studies popularity, 79 The college proposed to him, 79 He refuses to call an assembly, 79 133. He grants a brief to the college, 79 134. The assembly address King William and Queen Mary for a college charter, 80 The education intended by this college, 80 The assembly present the lieutenant governor, 80 His method of securing this present, 80 135. Their majesties grant the charter, 80 They grant liberally towards the building and endowing of it, 80 136. The lieutenant governor encourages towns and manufactures, 80 Gentlemen of the council complain of him and are misused, 81 He falls off from the encouragement of the towns and trade, 81 137. Edmund Andros, governor, 81 The town law suspended, 81 138. The project of a post office, 81 139. The college charter arrived, 81 The college further endowed, and the foundation laid, 82 140. Sir Edmund Andros encourages manufactures, and regulates the secretary's office, 82 141. A child born in the old age of the parents, 83 142. Francis Nicholson, governor, 83 His and Colonel Quarrey's memorials against plantations, 84 143. His zeal for the church and college, 84 144. He removes the general court from Jamestown, 84 145. The taking of the pirate, 84 146. The sham bills of nine hundred pounds for New York, 86 147. Colonel Quarrey's unjust memorials, 87 148. Governor Nott arrived, 88 149. Revisal of the law finished, 88 150. Ports and towns again set on foot, 88 151. Slaves a real estate, 88 152. A house built for the governor, 88 Governor dies, and the college burnt, 88 153. Edmond Jennings, esq., president, 89 154. Alexander Spotswood, lieutenant governor, 89