CHAPTER EIGHTEEN

CONCLUSION

CONTEMPT PROCEEDINGS BEGUN AGAINST THE STANDARD IN OHIO IN 1897 FOR NOT OBEYING THE COURT’S ORDER OF 1892 TO DISSOLVE THE TRUST—SUITS BEGUN TO OUST FOUR OF THE STANDARD’S CONSTITUENT COMPANIES FOR VIOLATION OF OHIO ANTI-TRUST LAWS—ALL SUITS DROPPED BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF ATTORNEY-GENERAL MONNETT’S TERM—STANDARD PERSUADED THAT ITS ONLY CORPORATE REFUGE IS NEW JERSEY—CAPITAL OF THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY OF NEW JERSEY INCREASED, AND ALL STANDARD OIL BUSINESS TAKEN INTO NEW ORGANISATION—RESTRICTION OF NEW JERSEY LAW SMALL—PROFITS ARE GREAT AND STANDARD’S CONTROL OF OIL BUSINESS IS ALMOST ABSOLUTE—STANDARD OIL COMPANY ESSENTIALLY A REALISATION OF THE SOUTH IMPROVEMENT COMPANY’S PLANS—THE CRUCIAL QUESTION NOW, AS ALWAYS, IS A TRANSPORTATION QUESTION—THE TRUST QUESTION WILL GO UNSOLVED SO LONG AS THE TRANSPORTATION QUESTION GOES UNSOLVED—THE ETHICAL QUESTIONS INVOLVED Pages 2256–2292

APPENDIX Pages 2293–2396

INDEX Pages 2397–2409

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

SKETCH OF JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER _Frontispiece 2_

A sketch from life by George Varian, made in Cleveland, October, 1903.

FACING PAGE

PORTRAIT OF ALANSON A. SUMNER 2004

Prominent supporter of the Tidewater Pipe Company, still active in its counsels.

PORTRAIT OF HENRY HARLEY 2004

President of the Pennsylvania Transportation Company. Projector of the first seaboard pipe line.

PORTRAIT OF SAMUEL VAN SYCKEL 2004

The first successful pipe line for gathering and transporting oil was completed by Mr. Van Syckel in 1865.

PORTRAIT OF GENERAL HERMAN HAUPT 2004

Civil Engineer for the first and second pipe lines projected to the seaboard.

PORTRAIT OF BYRON D. BENSON 2012

The first president of the Tidewater Pipe Company.

PORTRAIT OF DAVID K. McKELVY 2012

The successor of Mr. Benson as president of the Tidewater.

PORTRAIT OF MAJOR ROBERT E. HOPKINS 2012

Treasurer of the Tidewater from its organization until his death in 1901.

PORTRAIT OF SAMUEL Q. BROWN 2012

The present president of the Tidewater, successor to Mr. McKelvy.

PORTRAIT OF JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER IN 1880 2032

From a photograph by Sarony.

PORTRAIT OF WILLIAM C. SCOFIELD 2068

Senior member of the firm of Scofield, Schurmer and Teagle, of Cleveland. Plaintiff in important suits against Lake Shore Railroad for freight discriminations.

PORTRAIT OF DANIEL SCHURMER 2068

Associate of Mr. Scofield and Mr. Teagle in the war on railroad rebates which the firm waged for nearly twenty years.

PORTRAIT OF JOHN TEAGLE 2068

Independent refiner of Cleveland, Ohio, prominent in struggle against freight discriminations by the railroads.

PORTRAIT OF CHARLES B. MATTHEWS 2068

Independent refiner of Buffalo. Plaintiff in “Buffalo case,” where members of the Standard Oil Company were indicted for conspiracy.

BURST IN A PIPE LINE 2076

BLEACHING TANK 2092

CONSTRUCTING AN IRON TANK FOR STORING OIL 2092

OIL AGITATORS 2092

FIVE-BARREL STILL USED IN THE FIFTIES IN DISTILLING CRUDE OIL AS A LUMINANT 2092

PORTRAIT OF JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER 2120

By Eastman Johnson.

PORTRAIT OF DAVID K. WATSON 2142

Attorney-General of Ohio from 1887 to 1891. Mr. Watson brought suit against the Standard Oil Company in May, 1890, in the Supreme Court of Ohio.

PORTRAIT OF FRANK S. MONNETT 2142

Attorney-General of Ohio from 1895 to 1899. Mr. Monnett brought suit against the Standard Oil Company in 1897 in the Supreme Court of Ohio.

PORTRAIT OF LEWIS EMERY, JR. 2142

Independent oil operator and refiner. Leader in movement for free pipe-line bill and anti-discrimination laws. Founder of the United States Pipe Line.

PORTRAIT OF GEORGE RICE 2142

Plaintiff in numerous cases brought against the Standard Oil Company. Prominent independent witness in various State and congressional investigations.

GROUP OF CLEVELAND CITIZENS 2146

Who called on John D. Rockefeller at his residence, “Forest Hill,” on July 25, 1896, to thank him for his gift of park lands to the city. Mr. Rockefeller is in the centre of the group, the late Senator Marcus A. Hanna in the right lower corner, and Governor Myron T. Herrick in the centre of the top row.

MICHAEL MURPHY 2164

The present President of the Pure Oil Company.

DAVID KIRK 2164

The first President of the Pure Oil Company.

JAMES W. LEE 2164

The chief counsel of the Pure Oil Company. President of the company from 1897 to 1901.

THOMAS W. PHILLIPS 2164

A leader in the independent movement, which resulted in the Pure Oil Company.

LAYING A SIX-INCH PIPE LINE, CAIRO, WEST VIRGINIA 2182

A TYPICAL OIL FARM OF THE EARLY DAYS 2216

PORTRAIT OF S. C. T. DODD 2232

Chief counsel of the Standard Oil Company. Framer of the Trust agreement of 1882.

PORTRAIT OF JABEZ A. BOSTWICK 2232

From 1872 to 1892 the chief oil buyer of the Standard Oil Company.

PORTRAIT OF JOSEPH SEEP 2232

Head of the “Seep Agency,” through which all oil transported by the Standard Oil Company goes.

PORTRAIT OF DANIEL O’DAY IN 1872 2232

Vice-president of the National Transit Company, the pipe-line company owned by the Standard Oil Company.

PORTRAIT OF JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER 2256

From a photograph by Allen Ayrault Green, taken about 1892.

A 25,000–BARREL TANK OF OIL IN FLAMES 2280

THE HISTORY OF

THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY