Part 26

Abernethy 2092 1920 1871 1530 1228 Alvie 1092 972 914 707 564 Ardersier 1268 1475 1241[29] 2086 1913 Ardnamurchan 5669 5581 5446 4105 3172 Boleskin and Abertarff 1829 1876 2006 1448 1791 Cawdor 1187 1150 1202 1070 859 Cromdale 3234 3561 3990 3642 1920 Croy 1664 1684 1770 1709 1384 Daviot and Dunlichity 1641 1681 1857 1252 907 Dores 1736 1745 1650 1148 794 Duthil 1920 1759 1788 1664 1345 Glenelg 2874 2729 2470 1601 1638 Inverness 14324 15418 16496 21725 25669 Kilmallie 4210 5397 5235 4157 3704 Kilmonivaig 2869 2791 2583 1928 1234 Kilmorach (including Beauly) 2709 2694 3007 2618 1811 Kiltarlity 2715 2896 2965 2134 1523 Kingussie and Insh 2080 2047 2201 1987 2199 Kirkhill 1715 1829 1730 1480 1237 Laggan 1196 1201 1223 917 754 Moy and Dalarossie 1098 967 1018 822 696 Petty 1836 1749 1784 1531 1263 Urquhart and Glenmoriston 2942 3104 3280 2438 1675 Urray 2768 2716 2621 2478 1848 _Insular_-- Barra 2097 2363 1873 2161 2620 Bracadale 1769 1824 1597 929 805 Duirinish 4765 4983 5330 4391 3093 Harris 3900 4429 4250 4814 4944 Kilmuir 3415 3629 3177 2562 1964 North Uist 4603 4428 3918 4264 4096 Portree 3441 3574 3557 3191 2431 Sleat 2756 2706 2531 2060 1385 Small Isles 1015 993 916 550 396 Snizort 3487 3220 3101 2120 1694 South Uist 6890 7333 6173 6078 5469 Strath 2962 3150 3243 2616 1947

[29] Including 948 military and militia in Fort-George in 1881.

POPULATION IN 1831, 1841, 1851, 1881, AND 1911, OF ALL THE PARISHES IN WHOLE OR IN PART IN THE COUNTIES OF ROSS AND CROMARTY.

Alness 1437 1269 1240 1033 898 Applecross 2892 2861 2709 2239 2498 Avoch 1956 1931 2029 1691 1782 Contin 2023 1770 1562 1422 957 Cromarty 2900 2662 2727 2009 5637 Dingwall 1159 2100 2364 2220 2942 Edderton 1023 975 890 431 545 Fearn 1695 1914 2122 2135 1785 Fodderty 2232 2437 2342 2047 1648 Gairloch 4445 4880 5186 4594 3328 Glenshiel 715 745 573 424 339 Killearnan 1479 1643 1794 1059 741 Kilmuir-Easter 1556 1486 1437 1146 887 Kiltearn 1605 1436 1538 1182 1138 Kincardine 1887 2108 1896 1472 1025 Kintail 1240 1186 1009 688 ... Knockbain 2139 2565 3005 1866 1397 Lochalsh 2433 2597 2299 2050 1761 Lochbroom 4615 4799 4813 4191 2794 Lochcarron 2136 1960 1612 1456 982 Logie-Easter 934 1015 965 827 700 Nigg 1404 1426 1457 1000 827 Resolis or Kirkmichael 1470 1549 1551 1424 954 Rosemarkie 1799 1719 1776 1357 726 Rosskeen 2916 3222 3699 3773 3362 Tain 3078 3128 3574 3009 2507 Tarbat 1809 1826 2151 1878 1224 Urquhart and Logie-Wester 2864 2997 3153 2525 2006 Urray 2768 2716 2621 2474 1848 _Insular_-- Barvas 3011 3850 4189 5325 6040 Lochs 3067 3653 4256 6248 6689 Stornoway 5491 6218 8057 10389 13438 Uig 3041 3316 3209 3489 3436

POPULATION IN 1831, 1841, 1851, 1881, AND 1911, OF ALL THE PARISHES IN WHOLE OR IN PART IN THE COUNTY OF CAITHNESS.

1831 1841 1851 1881 1911 Bower 1615 1689 1658 1608 1393 Canisbay 2364 2306 2437 2626 1866 Dunnet 1906 1880 1868 1607 1147 Halkirk 2847 2963 2918 2705 2041 Latheron 7030 7637 8224 6675 4512 Olrig 1146 1584 1873 2002 1450 [31]Reay 2881 2811 2506 2191 1811 Thurso 4679 4881 5096 6217 4732 Watten 1234 1966 1351 1406 1079 Wick 9850 10393 11851 12822 12772

POPULATION IN 1801, 1811, 1821, 1831, 1841, 1851, 1871, 1881, AND 1911, OF ALL THE PARISHES IN WHOLE OR IN PART IN THE COUNTY OF SUTHERLAND.

1801 1811 1821 1831 1841 1851 1871 1881 1911 Assynt 2419 2479 2803 3161 3178 2989 3006 2781 2111 Clyne 1643 1639 1874 1711 1765 1933 1733 1812 1749 Creich 1974 1969 2354 2562 2852 2714 2524 2223 1713 Dornoch 2362 2681 3100 3380 2714 2981 2764 2525 2724 Durness 1208 1155 1004 1153 1109 1152 1049 987 830 Eddrachillis 1253 1147 1229 1965 1699 1576 1530 1525 1259 Farr 2408 2408 1994 2073 2217 2403 2019 1930 1673 Golspie 1616 1391 1049 1149 1214 1529 1804 1556 1685 Kildonan 1440 1574 565 257 256 [30]2288 1916 1942 1786 Lairg 1209 1354 1094 1045 913 1162 978 1335 995 Loth 1374 1330 2008 2234 2526 [30]640 583 584 367 [31]Reay 2406 2317 2758 2881 2811 2506 2331 2191 1581 Rogart 2022 2148 1986 1805 1501 1535 1341 1227 892 Tongue 1348 1493 1736 2030 2041 2018 2051 1929 1609

[30] The lands of Helmsdale and others previously in the parish of Loth were, about this time, added to Kildonan, which accounts for this large increase. It also accounts for the decrease in Loth.

[31] Note that Reay is given both in Caithness and Sutherland records same figures. The parish lies one half in each county.

_APPENDICES._

NOTE A. (See Page 115.)

The following pertinent observations appeared in the _Dundee Advertiser_, of 10th January, 1914. They are from the pen of a notable Dundee lawyer, Mr. John Walker, who has made a special study of the legal aspects of the Highland Clearances:--

At the time of Patrick Sellar’s trial the ruthless evictions carried out by the Stafford family had been so long in process of execution that no one had the slightest doubt of the facts of these taking place. The question tried was not whether they took place, but whether they were carried out, in one particular instance, in such a way as to directly cause the death of Donald M’Beath and Janet M’Kay, two helpless, old, bedridden people. The trial took place at Inverness. Of the 15 jurors 8 were landed proprietors, and the rest were mostly either factors or those interested in factors. The most of the witnesses for the prosecution were evidently terrified to say one word against the accused. When Sellar was arrested, he emitted a declaration which was put in evidence at the trial, and, to be strictly fair, I shall confine myself to that. The gist of it is as follows:--In December, 1813, the crofting lands were advertised to let, and at the set, where apparently the lands were disposed of to sheep farmers, a paper was read that the removed tenants would get allotments “in the lower part of the county.” “That Lord and Lady Stafford directed the declarant (Sellar) to offer at the set for any farm he chose a few pounds beyond the highest offerer; and they directed Mr. Young on his so offering to prefer him.” That thus Sellar got possession of the farms of Rhiloisk and Rossal. That in April, 1814, decrees of removing were got against all the tenants on these farms. That the ejections were carried out in June, 1814, and “that his directions to the officers were that they should lawfully eject the tenants, and that after ejecting ... they should remove the roof of every house in Rhimsdale excepting those occupied by families, wherein sickness was mentioned to have been.” That he was present at the first part of the ejections (of the towns of Garvault, Ravigill, Rhiphail, and Rhiloisk), but after they had ejected from a few houses and had unroofed these the tenants of the others “in the neighbourhood yielded obedience to the warrant, and removed themselves.” “Interrogated. If the declarant’s orders to the officer and party were not to throw down the couples and timber of the different dwelling-houses, barns, kilns, and sheep cots? Declares that the declarant directed the officers ... to remove the tenants’ property and effects from the premises; and thereafter to unroof the huts to prevent them from retaking possession after the declarant should leave that part of the county.” Sellar himself admitted burning only in one case. The proceedings from a judicial aspect were largely a farce, as can be judged from the fact that the first evidence adduced for the defence consisted of written certificates from three landed proprietors, who did not appear, as to “Mr. Sellar’s character for humanity,” and that these certificates, although not evidence, were founded on in Lord Pitmilly’s charge to the jury. But the important thing is that Sellar’s declaration implicates Lord and Lady Stafford as being by their own instructions the direct instruments of putting this tyrannical under-factor in the position of rendering homeless some hundreds of their helpless tenants. The little crofts were made into large sheep farms, which were advertised to let to the highest offerer, and the exposure was a farce, because the Sutherland family had personally arranged that Sellar was to be allowed to cap the highest offer. One would require a double-power microscope to see the noble philanthropy of that transaction! I have extracted the above summary from the report of the trial, which was prepared and circulated by Sellar’s own junior counsel.

On the other hand, the stories yet told in Sutherland represent a much harsher state of matters. I personally have talked with men whose fathers were as young children turned out on the hillside to see their little cottages burned to the ground, and I have had pointed out to me the sites of these same cottages and crofts, where now there is nothing but miles and miles of dreary waste; and this did not happen in one or two instances, but in the whole of Strathnaver, Strathbrora, and many other places in all parts of the county.

NOTE B. (See Page 218.)

The following interesting letter has been handed to the Editor by Mr. J. Stewart Bannatyne, solicitor, Glasgow:

“CASTLEBAY, BARRA.

“_September 21st, 1912._

“Dear Sir,

“In reply to your letter of the 6th inst., and after consulting the older inhabitants, I beg to inform you that it was John Bannatyne who rescued Mrs. J. M’Kinnon, her sister and another woman, from compulsory emigration, but it was John Crawford who rescued John M’Lean. I know the women and M’Lean as well as I know my two fingers, and heard the whole story from their own lips different times.

“Both my father and mother were eye-witnesses of people being chased like wild cattle over the hills, not in Barra, but in North and South Uists. People can hardly believe now what took place then, and what my mother, who died in my arms at the fall of last year, told me it would be enough to make the devil himself desperate, if I am not using too strong an expression.

“There is a man still living at Mallaig, Inverness-shire, named Ewen M’Dugald, who sailed with John Bannatyne.

“People nowadays are trying to deny that such brutalities were carried out by landlords, but they need not attempt such nonsense. I have no doubt but the descendants of the perpetrators of those acts are ashamed of the deeds--and no wonder.

“Yours faithfully, “DON. M’AULAY.

“JOHN STEWART BANNATYNE, Esq., “Solicitor, Glasgow.”

NOTE C. (See page 234.)

In the _Inverness Courier_ for 11th October, 1837, appears the following:--

A large body of emigrants sailed from Tobermory, on the 27th September, for New South Wales. The vessel was the “Brilliant,” and its size and splendid fittings were greatly admired. “The people to be conveyed by this vessel are decidedly the most valuable that have ever left the shores of Great Britain. They are of excellent moral character, and, from their knowledge of agriculture, and management of sheep and cattle, must prove a most valuable acquisition to a colony like New South Wales.” The Rev. Mr. Macpherson, of Tobermory, preached a farewell sermon before the party sailed. The total number of emigrants was 322, made up as follows:--From Ardnamurchan and Strontian, 105; from Coll and Tiree, 104; from Mull and Iona, 56; from Morven, 25; and from Dunoon, 28. There were two teachers and two surgeons. A visitor from New South Wales presented as many of the party as he met with letters of introduction, and expressed himself highly gratified with the prospect of having so valuable an addition to the colony. A Government agent superintended the embarkation.

_Jamieson & Munro, Ltd., Printers, Stirling._

* * * * * *

Transcriber's note:

The following apparent errors have been corrected:

p. 50 "d minution" changed to "diminution"

p. 63 "ineviably" changed to "inevitably"

p. 64 "Pontyzfield" changed to "Poyntzfield"

p. 69 (note) "1820)" changed to "1820"

p. 86 "hour" changed to "four"

p. 87 the line beginning "paper, I can" was originally printed at the end of another paragraph on the same page

p. 105 "“I am" changed to "‘I am"

p. 106 "thanmen" changed to "than men"

p. 106 "n this county" changed to "in this county"

p. 106 "y2ur" changed to "your"

p. 119 "assitants" changed to "assistants"

p. 126 "he character" changed to "the character"

p. 128 "and and of" changed to "and of"

p. 134 "Hibbs’" changed to "Hibbs"

p. 136 "“The affair" changed to "“‘The affair"

p. 136 "tha the" changed to "that they"

p. 145 "apect" changed to "aspect"

p. 152 "instructive" changed to "instructive,"

p. 152 "regimé" changed to "régime"

p. 153 "Now this" changed to "“"Now this"

p. 166 "frmo" changed to "from"

p. 166 "Makenzie" changed to "Mackenzie"

p. 169 (note) "pp" changed to "pp."

p. 171 "number bering" changed to "numbering"

p. 172 "disposed" changed to "be disposed"

p. 179 "sad" changed to "said"

p. 182 "desstroyed" changed to "destroyed"

p. 185 "unmarried; aand" changed to "unmarried; and"

p. 188 "marraige" changed to "marriage"

p. 190 "offpsring" changed to "offspring"

p. 193 "trade than" changed to "trade then"

p. 197 "MACKENKIE" changed to "MACKENZIE"

p. 197 "enchanced" changed to "enhanced"

p. 199 "desscribes" changed to "describes"

p. 209 "right loyally" changed to "right royally"

p. 215 "species?”" changed to "species?’"

p. 218 "opprsseing" changed to "oppressing"

p. 228 "souls" changed to "souls."

p. 236 "stored" changed to "stoved"

p. 242 "pennilness" changed to "penniless"

p. 246 "uneviable" changed to "unenviable"

p. 250 "months’" changed to "months,"

p. 260 "In his" changed to "“In his"

p. 261 "It is credible, that in the 19th" changed to "Is it credible, that in the 18th"

p. 261 "fretile" changed to "fertile"

p. 266 "wood cut" changed to "wood out"

p. 267 "refused, bu" changed to "refused, but"

p. 278 "the in" changed to "the parishes in"

p. 280 "Ardersier," changed to "Ardersier"

The following are used inconsistently in the text:

bedridden and bed-ridden

coadjutors and co-adjutors

fireplace and fire-place

fourscore and four-score

handcuffed and hand-cuffed

heartrending and heart-rending

hillside and hill-side

mantelpiece and mantel-piece

mountainside and mountain-side

outhouses and out-houses

overcrowded and overcrowded

sheepwalk and sheep-walk

shellfish and shell-fish

p. 204 "“When the evicting" has no corresponding closing quotation mark

p. 256 "“By the" has no corresponding closing quotation mark