CHAPTER XXVIII

REALISM IN ENGLAND

The mannerism of English historical painting: F. C. Horsley, J. R. Herbert, J. Tenniel, E. M. Ward, Eastlake, Edward Armitage, and others.--The importance of Ruskin.--Beginning of the efforts at reform with William Dyce and Joseph Noël Paton.--The pre-Raphaelites.--The battle against "beautiful form" and "beautiful tone."--Holman Hunt.--Ford Madox Brown.--John Everett Millais and Velasquez.--Their pictures from modern life opposed to the anecdotic pictures of the elder _genre_ painters.--The Scotch painter John Phillip 1