CHAPTER X.

"DAVIDSON'S SWEET POTATO RAID"--SOUTHERN ALABAMA--DESTRUCTION OF RAILROADS--OYSTER FISHING--MOBILE EXPEDITION--BARANCAS--NEWS OF LEE'S SURRENDER--ASSASSINATION OF LINCOLN--FORT BLAKELY--MOBILE--EXPLOSION OF MAGAZINE--RETURN TO NEW ORLEANS--EXPERIENCE OF DANIEL SHAW IN A TEXAS PRISON--SHREVEPORT--"SALT-HORSE" VS. SUMPTUOUSNESS--CANTANKEROUS CANS--MARCH INTO TEXAS--SAN ANTONIO--MUSTERED OUT--JUBILATION--WAR'S AFTERMATH.

"Closed is the bitter but glorious fight: And the day like a conqueror bursts on the night."

--_Schiller._

Shortly after the Liberty raid, General Davidson, who was given command of the cavalry at Baton Rouge, organized an expedition for the purpose of destroying railroads in the territory northeast of Baton Rouge and extending in a circuit to Pascagoula Bay, Alabama, about fifty miles south-west from Mobile, in aid of Sherman's movement towards Atlanta. The command comprised the Fourth Wisconsin, Twelfth Illinois, Eighteenth New York, "Scott's Nine Hundred," and the Second Illinois Cavalry. Its course lay through a barren, sparsely settled country more or less covered with scrub and pitch-pine and interspersed with swamps. The streams were swollen and almost impassable and the roads were so bad that the expedition was compelled to abandon a number of its wagons which were burned. Forage was scarce and the men were soon reduced to quarter rations. Owing to the fact that about the only food to be found was sweet-potatoes, the expedition came to be known as "Davidson's sweet-potato raid." There were not more than a dozen shots fired upon the whole trip.

Upon our arrival at Pearl River we camped for the night and during that time ten men succeeded in swimming across with ropes with a view of bridging the stream. A few went beyond to stand guard while pontoons were laid and in an hour the cavalry was crossing. This was followed by the artillery, consisting of Nimm's Massachusetts Battery and a small train. The pontoon bridge was soon removed when our march was resumed towards Pascagoula Bay, where we arrived hungry and worn, with scarcely any food for ourselves or horses. A double-handful of corn was all that could be spared for each horse during twenty-four hours. There was no grazing and no fodder--nothing but water, sand and pine-needles. In this condition we waited for five days until a consignment of grain and rations was received by boat from Lake Port Louisiana.

In the meantime, some oyster-boats and tongs were discovered in a small bayou near the bay, which indicated the presence of oyster-beds. We improved the opportunity. There was always a rush in the early morning for an outfit. The lucky ones were soon able, however, to fill a few gunny-sacks and then give the others a chance. Those who came late would stick poles in the mud at low tide in about seven or eight feet of water and then, holding onto the poles, would go to the bottom and grope around until they found a cluster of shells which would be brought to the surface and handed to another to take to shore. Bunches were sometimes found as large as a bushel-basket. To hungry men, oysters without sauce was a most delightful substitute for nothing; but we longed for the trimmings, especially pepper. A raid upon the country soon furnished us with many strings of home-grown red-peppers. They were hot, but they served the purpose, and after three weeks of short rations we welcomed the combination; but no stretch of a Northern man's imagination was capable of bringing it up to the standard of a Northern Christmas or New Year's dinner--for both of which it had to serve.

About the last of January we embarked for Lake Port Louisiana, from whence we returned to Baton Rouge, where we remained until March, 1865. We then took boat for New Orleans and camped in Carlton until the latter part of March. From New Orleans we went upon the Mobile Expedition by way of Barancas, Florida. I did not go directly with the regiment, having been detailed to the Quartermaster's Department which went upon a later boat. When I arrived at Barancas I found that my company had gone to Fort Blakely. It was considered unsafe for us to follow without an escort, and we were ordered to remain at the former place. While there, we received the news of Lee's surrender. Everybody was elated and appeared to be walking upon air. The guns at the navy-yard belched forth national salutes and these in turn were answered by the battle-ships. All were drunk with joy. About ten o'clock the next day, in the midst of our rejoicing, an officer rode into camp and stopped to speak to the men. A large and joyous group at once gathered to hear more of the good news. The officer spoke in a low tone. The men looked eager but there were no cheers. A hush fell over the crowd. Then words--almost whispered--passed from man to man: "_Lincoln has been assassinated!_" It was a staggering, benumbing, crushing blow. The men were dazed; they could not talk. Tears were everywhere--tears and silence. The grief of the men was indescribable. But the silence was of short duration. A fool in Company B, apparently in a spirit of bravado, said that he was "glad of it." Instantly the pent up wrath of the men burst out. There was a rush to quarters for arms. An officer, seeing the situation, placed an armed guard around the man. The guard was soon doubled and the offender rushed to a boat at the water front followed by about fifty men with drawn revolvers. The man was taken to Fort McCrea for safety, where he was court-martialed and sent to the Dry Tortugas to be discharged in disgrace. This was only one of numberless instances of a similar nature which occurred at the time.

In a short time we marched across the country to Fort Blakely, from whence we were transported by boat to Mobile and went into camp near the Mobile and Ohio Railroad about four miles east of the town, where we remained for some days. Our regiment was at Columbus, Mississippi. Orders had been sent from there to Colonel Bush to forward the regimental mail and two hundred outfits of clothing. I was acting as clerk to the Regimental Quartermaster and was detailed by the Colonel to take the mail and stores to the regiment. My orders were to report to the Quartermaster in Mobile at three o'clock P.M., for a pass and instructions. In order to provide for the care of my horse, I left camp about ten o'clock and was in the eastern part of the city. My attention was attracted for a moment to an officer who was making his rounds and was being saluted by a guard near by, when a blinding flash occurred which caused my horse to rear so that I stood upon my toes in the stirrups. For an instant my strength seemed to leave me and I almost fell from the horse as he came down. Looking up, I saw an immense blaze which seemed to be a mile high, followed by great rolling cotton-like masses of clouds which flaked off into sheets. Debris of all descriptions, mingled with some human bodies, soon began to drop back to the earth. The Confederate magazine with five hundred tons of ammunition had exploded. It was a wonderful and appalling sight. The depot was blown to pieces, cotton sheds were destroyed and all of the glass in the city was broken. The Battle House, the largest hotel in the city, was wrecked and every dish in it broken. Great fissures and rents were everywhere seen in the streets and walls.

The stores, which I was to have taken away that evening, had been loaded and stood upon the street, but the wagon was overturned and all of the cases crushed.

As I rode along the street I met Captain Fred Pike of the Forty-Sixth Illinois. One of his legs had been cut by falling slate from a roof and he was hopping along by the side of a building. I dismounted and gave him my horse to go to camp.

On the following evening I started to Columbus with the supplies. The regiment had broken camp before my arrival and I met the command at Artesia, twelve miles from Columbus, where I delivered the mail but was obliged to go on to Columbus to turn over the supplies. I then returned to Mobile and there embarked for New Orleans where I was temporarily stationed at regimental headquarters at Carlton, a short distance above the city.

A day or two after my arrival, as I lay in my blankets under an orange tree, I was aroused just before daylight and gradually realized that somebody was shaking me. It proved to be Daniel Shaw, one of our company from Mount Morris, Illinois, who had been captured upon the Red River Expedition, about a year previous and confined in that horrible corral at Tyler, Texas. He hugged me frantically and wept like an hysterical child. It was a long time before he could speak; and then, amid tears and sobs he told a most harrowing and revolting story of the inconceivably brutal treatment to which he had been subjected. The prisoners were confined in an open corral or field without any shelter or protection whatever. Their food consisted of offal and discarded portions from the cattle and sheep slaughtered by their captors, who appropriated the edible parts for their own use. The most was eaten raw or in the form of a stew. The story was too revolting for repetition.

The poor fellow was a mere skeleton and in a most wretched condition. Had he not been one of the most hardy men in the regiment, he could not have survived. His experience was but another proof that "War is Hell."

From New Orleans we took steamer for Vicksburg but before we arrived at Baton Rouge, our boat took fire three times, which caused much delay. We reached our destination, however, about the tenth of June, where we joined our regiment and after a day or two, took passage on the "Superior," General Logan's old headquarters boat, for Shreveport, Louisiana. Under a general order, all companies having less than the full quota of men were required to consolidate with others. In compliance with this order our company was merged with Company E, while another took the letter A. It was the fault of the Colonel, who could have graded us fairly had he been so disposed. Although greatly dissatisfied, we were obliged to accept the situation as well as to endure other and more trying things. The men had received no pay since March and were destitute and discouraged. Under these conditions we were not in a mood to see others enjoy privileges which were denied to us.

We spent the Fourth of July at Shreveport; our only food being "salt-horse," "hard-tack" and coffee. Some of the officers failed to appreciate the condition of the men and seemed to think that it afforded no reason why they should not have a good time and good things themselves. In harmony with this view, Colonel Mizner, of the Third Michigan, who was in command of the Brigade, prepared to give a sumptuous banquet in an old church which he occupied as headquarters and which was also the office of the Brigade Quartermaster by whom I was employed. Those who were compelled to confine their diet to salt-horse and hard-tack were not in sympathy with the spread and not averse to having it known. Through the concerted action of several hundred apparently inanimate oyster-cans belonging to our regiment, the Third Michigan and the Fourth Wisconsin, those innocent receptacles seemed to become suddenly endowed with life, became mysteriously filled with powder and succeeded in burying themselves in a kind of under-ground cordon around that church. The first course had scarcely been served and the banqueters were just enjoying their whiskey and other appetizers, when the cans registered a protest. The opening of the ground around that sanctuary was suggestive of the resurrection morn. The officers rushed out of the room in the wildest confusion. Persistent inquiry failed to develop the cause. After fruitless efforts they went back to finish their collation and had barely begun to taste the good things again, when the cans once more showed their cantankerousness. Pandemonium broke loose with ten times more din than ever. The banquet was called off and the officers ordered to their respective companies to "preserve order." It had its effect. The men were as demure as monks in a monastery. While perfect order was preserved by them, an astonishing amount of disorder was still "preserved" in the oyster-cans and the preserves--like all preserves subjected to too much warmth--continued to "work." From that time on, all through the night, the mysterious process went on. The hint was effectual. There were no more officer's banquets in the presence of the ill-fed and dissatisfied men.

On the ninth of July, 1865, we left Shreveport and took up our long and tiresome march of six hundred miles to San Antonio, Texas. Through Louisiana it was not especially trying; but when we reached Texas and were obliged to travel over barren wastes, frequently as far as sixty miles without finding a drop of water, it seemed unendurable. A tropical mid-summer sun burned its way through the sky and onto the dusty, treeless plains until the heat-waves quivered upon the horizon like a blast from a furnace. Horses and men suffered intensely. One stretch of about one hundred miles east of Austin was especially trying. It was a continuous test of endurance from the time we left Shreveport until we arrived at San Antonio, thirty days later. During the march, small towns were sometimes passed where Confederate companies turned over their arms to our command.

Upon our arrival at San Antonio, there appeared to be nothing to do but to wait. Aside from inspection and drills, the men idled in camp until they became so discontented and homesick that many deserted. Most of these were fine men and good soldiers but poor loafers. Nobody blamed them. All realized that the war was over and were looking for discharge. Instead of that we had been sent hundreds of miles over a barren waste to the frontier under most trying and discouraging conditions. Why was all this senseless wandering? We did not know. We were not aware that secret history was being made and that we were instrumental, as a result of these apparently meaningless acts, in saving the nation a second time. We did not know that our country was upon the verge of a foreign war, and that Napoleon the Third, anxious to regain the Louisiana Territory, which the First Emperor in his dire need had sold to us for a song, had been making elaborate preparations for war; and, believing our people to be exhausted, as they appeared to be, by one of the greatest conflicts of history and torn by internal strife, would be unable to make more than a feeble defence, had chosen this moment to strike. We did not know that our government was then undergoing one of the most trying ordeals of its existence. Later developments showed that the sudden mobilization on the frontier of an army of tried veterans, ready if necessary, to fight another war, made the foreigners gasp. France and Austria and Maximillian quietly subsided and the map of the United States required no revision.

About the tenth of November, 1865, the order came to muster out the Second and Tenth Illinois and the Fourth Wisconsin Cavalry. It was the signal for a jubilation. The yells of ten thousand Indians would have been "audible silence" compared to the noise made by those four regiments. The Tenth Illinois sutler rolled out four barrels of whiskey and broke in the heads. Tin cups, camp-kettles, canteens and every liquid holding thing was used for its distribution. How many were drunk I know not. Men indulged who never tasted the stuff before; and, strange to say, the whole thing took the form of a good natured frolic. Horse-play, clownish tricks, songs, practical jokes--all were taken as a part of the fun. Had we realized what we had been there for, we might have been heard in France.

Instead of sleeping in tents, the men had previously procured raw cow-hides which they made into hammocks and stretched in the trees. Each cow-hide served as a hammock for two and some trees would have five or six in a tier. As the boys became tired of celebrating they would slip off to bed; but they could not escape the watchfulness of the others who would wait until they could get a tree full, when some sly rascal would climb the tree, cut the thongs and the whole combination would come down in a heap; the victims apparently enjoying the joke as much as the jokers. I have never seen drunken men retain their good nature as they did on that occasion.

On the 24th of November, 1865, we were mustered out. I remained in Texas to aid in settling up the Quartermaster's accounts but was obliged to return North on account of a severe attack of ague and arrived at Rochelle on the 21st of March, 1866.

In the meantime, there had been a general exodus of soldiers from the South to their northern homes and the transportation lines, particularly the river steamers, were crowded with them. The feeling among those who represented the lost-cause, was intensely bitter and no Union soldier was safe anywhere in the South. A secret organization known as "The Knights of the Golden Circle," was charged as being responsible for many assassinations and other outrages. It was significant of conditions, that boiler explosions and other "accidents" occurred to a number of river steamers--all upon homeward voyages and all loaded with discharged Union soldiers. The most appalling of these was probably that of the "Sultana" which was lost at a point about fifty miles above Memphis on its passage up the Mississippi. While in midstream the boiler exploded--caused, it was believed by an explosive secretly placed in the fuel--and nearly all of the passengers, numbering about fifteen hundred, mostly discharged soldiers, were drowned.

Among the victims of the disaster was J. A. Butterfield of Company A, whose home was in Oregon, Illinois. Butterfield had just been admitted to practice at the Oregon Bar, when the war broke out. He enlisted at the organization of the Company in Oregon, was present at the first election of officers and served earnestly and faithfully during the term of his three years enlistment, after which he was appointed as chief citizen clerk for a Division Quartermaster at a considerable salary. At the close of the war he resigned his position and started home with the intention of announcing his candidacy for Sheriff of Ogle County. His body was never recovered. It was known that he had a large sum of money in his possession which would have been a great aid to the dependent mother and sister whom he left behind. Butterfield was a brave and manly soldier and a general favorite with the members of his company.

Bitter as was the feeling against the Northern soldiers, it did not approach in vindictiveness and malignant hatred, that which existed against Southern men who fought upon the Union side. There were two Southerners in our company: John S. Elder and James Neiley whose experiences were typical of those of thousands throughout the South. Elder was a native of Tennessee. About three years before the war he migrated with his parents to Denton County, Texas. His father was a staunch supporter of the Union and did not hesitate to announce his principles. His attitude was well known in the community where he lived and as partizan feeling increased, he became a marked man. At the outbreak of hostilities, he was called to Austin and was never afterwards seen by his friends. While there was no proof as to the cause of his mysterious disappearance, circumstances pointed to but one conclusion. To his family, no proof was necessary: they _knew_ what had happened. Shortly after the father's loss, John, an only son, was forced into the Confederate service. He was discreet and bided his time. At the battle of Prairie Grove, he escaped, made his way into the Union lines and succeeded in reaching St. Louis. This was shortly after the battle at Holly Springs, at which a portion of the Second Illinois Cavalry gained wide distinction by refusing to surrender to greatly superior numbers. Elder was looking for a chance to fight by the side of fighting men. Seeing in the St. Louis papers a graphic account of the Holly Springs incident, he immediately embarked for Memphis in the hope of finding the regiment. He was too late however and went on to the vicinity of Vicksburg where he was informed that Company A was with General Logan at Lake Providence. Arriving at the latter place, he presented himself to Captain Hotaling with whom he had a long conference. Hotaling was strongly impressed by Elder's bearing and words and the conference resulted in his immediate enlistment. The new recruit proved to be a valuable acquisition. He was a skillful horseman, an unerring shot, always cheerful and courteous, ready to perform the most arduous duty and, withal, fearless.

Shortly after his enlistment the company started upon the campaign in the rear of Vicksburg. Elder was wounded at the Battle of Port Gibson during the first day of the campaign but went on with the command and participated in every hardship and engagement until the surrender of Vicksburg. He was with the company in all of its campaigning in Louisiana and was one of the twenty-two who re-enlisted at New Iberia. Debarred from his home, he was adopted by the veterans of the company as a "war orphan"; and, when veteran furloughs were granted, accompanied his comrades to the North where he was the subject of universal sympathy and generous hospitality.

Elder returned with his friends to the front and remained a valiant, fearless fighter to the end. During the last fight in which the company was engaged, which occurred at Fort Blakely, a charge was made upon the Confederate works. The latter were protected by an abatis in which torpedoes were placed and so connected by wires that an abnormal tension upon a wire would cause an explosion. Elder was mounted upon a fine horse which ran against one of these wires directly over a torpedo. The explosion which followed tore the horse into shreds, but, owing to the intervention of its body, did not kill but only served to stun the rider who soon recovered from the shock.

When the regiment was mustered out at San Antonio, Texas, Elder wished to go home and visit his mother; but upon the advice of friends and some old citizens of San Antonio, he gave it up as involving too great a risk and accompanied his comrades to Rochelle, where he remained until the following spring when his anxiety to see his mother caused him to return to Texas. It was a fatal step. As soon as his presence became known, a party of ex-Confederates assembled at night, surrounded the mother's house, captured the son, hanged him to a tree and riddled the body with bullets.

James Neiley who was reared in western Louisiana had a similar experience. He found his way into the Union lines during the Red River Expedition, and upon the return of General Banks' Army, enlisted in Company A. Neiley was quite young but proved himself an excellent and faithful soldier, was liked and respected by all of his comrades, and served with credit to the end of the war when he went to Rochelle with the others. In the following year he returned with Elder and went to his home near Alexandria, Louisiana, where he had been about a week when he met with the same dreadful fate that had been meted out to his friend.

And so perished two manly souls--victims to the terrible aftermath of war. Can there be compensation for such unspeakable atrocities which take the best and leave the worst? It may be; but this is a grist for "the mills of the Gods" to grind.

And now--my tale is told. My sole excuse for telling it is that others, who might have done it have not made the attempt, and but few are left. I offer no apology for its crudities, imperfections or omissions. I am confident that our Company engaged in not less than a hundred skirmishes and encounters of which I have made no mention. The space which should have been allotted to it in the Red River Expedition is almost a blank. My silence as to many individual deeds of valor and self-sacrifice has not been intentional. I would gladly have called the roll and enumerated them one by one, for it would have been a roll of honor of which all might be justly proud.

The worth of my story, if it has worth, lies in what it has preserved to the world as worthy. If it be interesting at all, it is because it has been done as a work of love in an attempt to do justice to, and to preserve some faint memory of a handful of men who were typical of that great host--some of whom gave all--and all of whom risked all, for a cause which has struggled towards the light since the first man gazed longingly and reverently at the stars.

In the outcome of the great struggle, both sides won an equal victory, our friends, as the liberators of a race, our foes as the liberated from a degrading curse; a success and a defeat which made victor and vanquished alike the beneficiaries of a great inheritance; an inheritance, sanctified by a higher hope and a broader love; an inheritance founded in the conviction of the regal souls of the past that that for which man has so long wrought amid travail and pain and joy and woe and sighs and tears and blood, "shall not perish from the earth," but that this nation shall be its sponsor and its incarnation and may say to all the lands of the earth, "Right is eternal; it must and shall reign; 'Your people shall be my people.'"

"Here shall a realm rise Mighty in manhood."

It has not fully arisen yet and many watchers are losing faith in view of the subtle and dangerous perils which now beset it. Those causing them may triumph for a time but they are sowers of dragon's teeth which will rise up as armed men to their defeat. The universe is not a blunder; there is a power in it which makes for right; and the finger wielded by that power, has always pointed and still points--to the Morning Star.

"Truth forever on the scaffold,--Wrong forever on the throne,-- Yet that scaffold sways the future,--and beyond the dim Unknown Standeth God within the shadow,--keeping watch upon His own."

COLONEL SILAS NOBLE.

Colonel Silas Noble was born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, on February 19th, 1808. But little is known of his early history, further than that he read law, and at the age of twenty-six, was admitted to practice in his native town. In the following year he moved to Towanda, Pennsylvania, where he continued the practice of his profession until 1841, when he emigrated to Dixon, Illinois, then a frontier town known as Dixon's Ferry. In 1846 he was elected State Senator and served one term. In 1853 he established a private bank in Dixon known as "S. Noble & Co." In connection with this business he continued the practice of law until the breaking out of the Rebellion in 1861. When the second call for troops was made by President Lincoln Mr. Noble offered his services to Governor Yates, by whom he was appointed Colonel of the Second Illinois Cavalry, and on July 21st, 1861, was mustered into service.

Colonel Noble was a warm personal friend of President Lincoln, who often visited him at his home and with whom he practiced his profession. At the time of Lincoln's inauguration the Colonel accompanied him on his trip from Springfield to Washington.

Colonel Noble remained with the main body of the Regiment, which made an expedition with General C. F. Smith towards Fort Henry; and it was upon the information thus obtained that the campaign was decided upon which ultimately led to the capture of Forts Henry and Donelson.

The regiment was engaged in many scouting expeditions and other movements under the leadership of its first commander, but took part in no important battles. On one occasion, with 350 men, Colonel Noble took the advance of a recognizance in force from Bolivar to La Grange, Tennessee, and obtained much valuable information. He was mustered out of the service on February 16th, 1863, shortly after which he met with a severe accident from which he never fully recovered. Four years later, on February 3rd, 1867, he died at his home in Dixon, Illinois, from an acute attack of pneumonia. Colonel Noble had a wide acquaintance and was highly honored in his home community and by all who knew him.

LIEUTENANT COLONEL HARVEY HOGG.

Harvey Hogg was a native of Tennessee, having been born at Carthage, Smith County, in that state on September 14th, 1833. His parents were of Scotch descent. The mother died when he was about three years of age. Afterwards, the father remarried. He lived but a short time, however, and died in 1840, leaving Harvey and a half-brother, Grant A. Hogg, in charge of the widow. The boy was carefully reared by his step-mother and given the best schooling available, preparatory to a college course. He took the lead in his class at Emory and Henry College, Virginia, where he won a prize-medal for oratory and was afterwards graduated at the law-school at Lebanon as valedictorian of his class.

He was married at Clarksville, Tennessee, in 1855, and in a short time removed to Bloomington, Illinois, where he was admitted to the Bar and soon obtained a recognized standing as a young lawyer of ability and promise. For several years he held the position of City Attorney and was, later, elected Prosecuting Attorney for that judicial district, which position he filled with honor, ability and dignity.

As a native of Tennessee, Colonel Hogg inherited slaves, but was opposed to the institution. As a student in one of the Virginia colleges, he chose as the subject of a thesis, "The Evils of Slavery." This aroused the indignation and opposition of the faculty; but the young man insisted that he should "speak his honest convictions or not at all," and he did. Upon leaving Tennessee, he freed his last slave.

From the time of his advent in Illinois, he took a warm interest in the slavery question, aided in the formation of the Republican party, and in 1856, canvassed McLean County for "Freemont and Freedom." In the senatorial contest of 1858, he supported Lincoln as against Douglas and used his utmost efforts for the election of the latter as President.

Colonel Hogg was a popular anti-slavery speaker. His intimate familiarity with slavery, his love for and understanding of the Southern people and his appreciation of their entanglement with that blighting institution, enabled him to present his side of the case with great fairness, force and conviction. Governor Yates was so strongly impressed with his ability that, upon the organization of the Second Illinois Cavalry, he tendered him the position of Lieutenant Colonel. It was at once accepted, and on July 24th, 1861, he was mustered into the service.

While his regiment was stationed in Tennessee, Mrs. Hogg went there to be near him, but died soon after her arrival. This was a severe blow to her husband who was devotedly attached to her.

During the winter of 1861-2, the regiment was stationed at Paducah, Kentucky, where much scouting was done. On the night of March 2nd, 1862, Lieutenant Colonel Hogg with two hundred men, started out in an attempt to reconnoiter Columbus, Kentucky. Upon the following day they learned that the place was being evacuated. Reaching it about sundown, they dashed into the town with drawn sabers and ran up the stars and stripes. Several large guns and a considerable quantity of military stores were secured. Upon the following day, General Sherman, with a fleet of gunboats and transports and three regiments of infantry, steamed carefully down the river and was surprised to find the place in possession of the Union forces.

On March 31st, 1862, Colonel Hogg, with two companies of his regiment, took part in an expedition under General Quimby in the neighborhood of Union City, Tennessee, in which they dispersed a Confederate brigade, destroyed its camp-equipage and captured fourteen prisoners and a considerable quantity of stores.

On July 4th, 1862, at Trenton, Tennessee, Colonel Hogg delivered an address to the citizens of that place and vicinity which produced a marked effect upon those who were in doubt and did much to aid the Union cause.

This valiant soldier met his death at the battle of Bolivar, Tennessee, on August 30th, 1862. Colonel M. D. Leggett, of the 78th Ohio, being at that place, was attacked by a large force of Confederates, including the Second Missouri Cavalry, commanded by Colonel Robert McCullough and the First Mississippi Cavalry, of which Colonel Hogg's half brother, Dr. Grant A. Hogg, was surgeon. The following report of the battle is given by Colonel Leggett:

"The infantry reinforcements had not arrived. The balance of the Seventy-eighth Ohio was reported close by, but not near enough to support the artillery, hence it could not be used. At this point, Lieut. Col. Harvey Hogg, of the Second Illinois Cavalry, came up with orders from you to report to me upon the field with four companies of his command. I immediately assigned him a position upon the right of the road, but discovering that the enemy would probably make a cavalry charge upon us before Colonel Force could reach me from Van Buren Road, I asked Colonel Hogg if he could hold a position on the left of the road and a little to the front of where he then was, against a charge from the rebel cavalry. He promptly said he could and besought me to give him the position, which was done.

"He had not completed his change of place before the enemy charged down the line of the road in vast numbers, but meeting the deadly fire of the four infantry companies under command of Captain Chandler, they were compelled to retreat, leaving many of their men and horses strewn upon the ground.

"They twice repeated their attempt to get possession of the road and were both times repulsed by the companies under Captain Chandler. Then they threw down the fences and entered the field upon our left and opened fire upon Colonel Hogg's cavalry and the two companies of the Twentieth Ohio attached to Captain Chandler's command. The infantry and cavalry returned the fire briskly and with terrible effect. I then discovered that a full regiment of cavalry was forming in the rear of those firing upon us, with the determination of charging upon our cavalry and that portion of the infantry on the left of the road. I said to Colonel Hogg if he had any doubt about holding his position he had better fall back and not receive their charge. He promptly replied: 'Colonel Leggett, for God's sake don't order me back.' I replied, 'Meet them with a charge, Colonel, and may Heaven bless you.' He immediately ordered his men to draw their sabers, and after giving them the order to 'Forward,' he exclaimed, 'Give them cold steel, boys,' and darting ahead of his men, he fell, pierced by nine balls."

Dr. Grant A. Hogg, in a letter to William K. Baldwin, bearing date March 19th, 1900, writes:

"* * * Gen. Bob. McCullough, now of Boonsville, Missouri, was in command of the regiment that killed my brother. * * * He (Col. Hogg) was trying hard to get to Col. McCullough to kill him with his saber and if it had not been for three of McCullough's men who shot him, he would have killed McCullough."

Colonel Hogg's charge resulted in driving the enemy from the field and winning the battle at a time when the outlook seemed hopeless.

William M. Baldwin, who was a member of Company K, and knew the Colonel well, has given the following estimate of his character:

"Colonel Hogg was the picture of manly strength and soldierly bearing; about six feet in height, compactly built, erect, moving with the easy step of an athlete as if he delighted in action, a superb horseman, black hair, dark eyes and swarthy complexion; loved by his men for his ever courteous conduct to them and trusted by them for his bravery and courage, had he not been thus early cut down in his military career he would no doubt have achieved high military honors and placed himself beside the great cavalry leaders of the war."

COLONEL JOHN J. MUDD.

Colonel John J. Mudd was born on the ninth of January, 1820, in St. Charles County, Missouri, where his parents had emigrated during the previous year from Kentucky. When John was twelve years of age, his father died from an attack of Asiatic cholera, and within a few months thereafter the widow, with six children, moved to Pike County, Illinois, and located near Pittsfield where they thereafter made their home.

In 1850 Colonel Mudd made an over-land trip to California, returned by sea, and during the following year made a second over-land trip. Many of the emigrants were unprovided for the long and tedious journey and would have faced starvation had not Colonel Mudd generously divided his supplies with them until they were exhausted.

In 1854 Mr. Mudd moved to St. Louis, where he established an extensive mercantile business as well as a reputation for integrity and public spirit. In 1859, he moved with his family and business to Chicago, where, shortly after the outbreak of the war, he enlisted as a member of the Second Illinois Cavalry, and on September 23rd, 1861, received his commission as Second Major.

Major Mudd was stationed for a time at Paducah, Kentucky, and participated in the subsequent campaigns in Kentucky, Tennessee and Mississippi.

Immediately after the surrender of Fort Donelson, Major Mudd was informed that a man had just left with important papers. Mudd followed in the hope of overtaking the man, and in doing so, passed beyond the Federal lines. He had gone but a short distance when he met a citizen who asked for protection, which was granted. As the two were riding towards Dover, they were joined by two others who also asked for protection. While engaged in conversation with them the first one fell in the rear, drew his revolver and fired at the Major. The bullet struck near the spine but the wound was not fatal. The Major immediately put spurs to his horse, when the man fired a second time but without effect, and then fled.

Upon his way to our lines, the Major, while suffering intensely from his wound and weak from the loss of blood, captured a rebel officer and, being loath to risk further bullets in the back, compelled him to ride into camp in advance.

Owing to the confusion following the surrender of the fort, the Major had much difficulty in finding a surgeon to examine and dress his wound. It was decided not to extract the bullet, and he carried it until his death. The wound healed slowly and he never fully recovered from its effects.

After a short leave of absence, the Major was ordered on detached service upon the staff of General McClernand, where he remained until that officer was relieved from his command at the surrender of Vicksburg.

Major Mudd participated in the operations at the siege of Corinth; and during the following winter was with his regiment in that neighborhood. At the battle of Holly Springs, after the cowardly surrender of the place by Colonel Murphy, he not only refused to surrender, but, with a small detachment of his men, cut his way through the rebel lines by which the post had been surrounded, and escaped. His conduct upon that occasion won the respect and admiration of his men. His fighting spirit was shown by capturing a considerable number of prisoners while his own detachment was escaping from a large pursuing body.

On December 31st, 1862, Major Mudd was promoted to the position of Lieutenant Colonel, to fill the vacancy formed by the resignation of Lieutenant Quincy McNeil; and a few weeks later, when Colonel Noble was mustered out of the service, he was promoted to fill the latter's position.

Colonel Mudd was actively engaged in the Vicksburg campaign and participated in every battle from Port Gibson to that of Black River Bridge.

During the siege of Vicksburg, his command was engaged in guarding the rear to prevent an attack by Johnson. Shortly before the surrender, while reconnoitering in the Black River swamp, he was shot by one of the enemy from a concealed position. One bullet struck below the left eye and lodged near the ear, while another struck near the collar-bone and passed nearly out through the shoulder. His aides supported him upon his horse and enabled him to escape capture. He bled profusely and suffered much but retained consciousness and sufficient strength to permit his removal to a place of safety at the house of a widow who did all in her power to render him comfortable until the arrival of a surgeon. He was sent to his home, where he soon recovered and again reported for duty at New Orleans, where his command was then stationed.

Colonel Mudd, as Acting Brigadier General, was given command of a brigade of cavalry in the Bayou Teche campaign under General Banks. There was much fighting and skirmishing of which the Colonel's men bore the brunt. The health of their leader became so impaired from hardship and exposure that he was forced to return to New Orleans. Upon his arrival there he received an order to recruit his regiment, and immediately went to Springfield, Illinois, where he opened a recruiting office. Upon filling the ranks, he returned with his men to New Orleans, from whence he was ordered to Baton Rouge. At the latter place he received an order from General Banks to report without delay as Chief of Staff to General McClernand at Alexandria, Louisiana. On the first of May, 1864, he embarked upon the steamer "City-Belle," for Alexandria. Three days after, at Dunne's Bayou, upon the Red River, a band of guerrillas opened fire upon the steamer from a masked battery at close range. There were but two guns but they were enough for the purpose. The second shot broke the pilot-wheel and killed the pilot. Another caused an explosion of one of the boilers and the boat became unmanageable. This had barely occurred, when Colonel Speigle, of the 120th Ohio Infantry, senior officer in command, was killed. Colonel Mudd then assumed command and ordered the engineer to run the boat ashore to permit a dash upon the enemy. All efforts to accomplish this failed. After the fifth shot, the enemy fired grape and canister and the execution was appalling. In the hope of pulling the vessel to land, Colonel Mudd put a life-preserver upon one of the men who swam ashore with the line. At this juncture Colonel Mudd was instantly killed by a shot in the forehead as he stood upon the boat giving orders.

Could the vessel have been landed, the guerrillas, who were greatly inferior in numbers, might easily have been driven off or captured. There was no alternative, however, and the vessel was surrendered. Of the six hundred soldiers on board, all but about one hundred and sixty were either killed or captured. The others escaped; Daniel Bates, who carried the line ashore, and the Colonel's orderly being among the number, and made their way to Alexandria. The guerrillas burned the boat and robbed both living and dead. All of the latter, except one, being stripped of their clothing. And here occurred one of those inexplicable things, of which examples may be found all through history, indicating how closely the highest and most admirable characteristics of men are intertwined with the most shockingly brutal ones. Colonel Mudd, whose commission as Acting Brigadier General was in his pocket, was buried in his uniform and his name marked upon the grave.

Upon the retreat of our army, the grave was discovered and the body disinterred and removed to New Orleans in care of Lieutenant J. S. McHenry of Company A, Second Illinois Cavalry, where it was embalmed and taken to the General's home at Pittsfield, Illinois, for burial.

At a meeting of the Second Illinois Cavalry, held at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, on May 22nd, 1864, to render respect to the memory of its former commander, the highest tribute was paid to him both as a soldier and a man.

General Mudd was kind, genial, fair-minded, manly, loyal and true and possessed a moral courage not always associated with physical bravery. This characteristic is well illustrated by an incident which occurred shortly before the outbreak of the war. In December, 1860, he was at the St. Charles Hotel in New Orleans. Feeling among the slave-holders was at high tension. It became known that Mr. Mudd, who was then a Chicago merchant, had voted for Lincoln, and those present insisted that he should express his views. He did so, frankly, fairly and fearlessly; closing with the statement: "The loyal North, with the loyal people of the South, will preserve the Union and sustain Mr. Lincoln as President at any cost."

A citizen, Mr. Anthony Coyle, who heard him, said: "This was the most loyal act performed by any man in the city while I was there"; adding, "Colonel Mudd expressed his views with the best of judgment and intelligence and made a lasting impression upon the minds of friend and foe." It was not enough, however, to be fair. Sectional hatred had passed all bounds and Mr. Mudd was driven from the hotel and from the city.

There were a few loyal men in New Orleans at the time who had aided in protecting Northern men and in helping them to leave the place. These, of whom Mr. Coyle was one, helped Mr. Mudd to escape in safety, but not until he had had the satisfaction of saying to those who drove him out and threatened his life, "I shall come again when I can publicly express my sentiments and announce for whom I have voted without fear of being murdered by a mob of traitors." Nothing could have been more gratifying to him than the subsequent realization that his prophecy had been fulfilled.

By a strange coincidence, about one year after this occurrence, Mr. Coyle enlisted in Colonel Mudd's regiment.

Colonel Mudd was survived by a widow and daughter. The latter, Ella Webb Mudd, who attended a reunion held at Pittsfield, Illinois, in 1893, was adopted as "Daughter of the Regiment." In reply to the vote of adoption, she said:

"Gentlemen, Comrades of my father: I wonder if you all know how unprepared I am for this call to come before you; to be sure, I was told a day or so ago that this would probably be done tonight but I did not know until this afternoon that I was expected to appear in it.

"However, a soldier's daughter should have some courage and certainly I may try, without apology, to tell you how thoroughly I appreciate the honor you have just given me--the highest in your power. And yet more highly I value the motive which prompted your action, for right well do I know that it is not for myself, but springs from your love and devotion to my father, and by it you give additional proof that his memory is still fresh in your hearts.

"As I have met one and another of you, and read the many letters to my mother and myself from Comrades we have never seen, I have realized more and more how you loved him and what he was to you--as one so beautifully expressed it--'Not only our commander, but friend and brother as well.' So is it any wonder that I am glad to see you?

"Let me once more thank you for what you have done--thank you in the name of my father--for all who knew him, either in the army or otherwise, know how well he would have enjoyed these occasions, and how this would have gratified him;--so, for him, my mother and myself, I thank you, and believe me, I shall ever proudly bear the title of 'Daughter of the Regiment' to which he belonged."

The record of General Mudd is his epitaph. This can never be taken away, and to attempt to add to it by words would lessen its soldierly dignity.

COLONEL BENJAMIN F. MARSH.

Benjamin F. Marsh was a native of the State which he served as a soldier. He was born in Warsaw County, Illinois, on November 19th, 1835. Reared upon a farm, he received the rudiments of an education in the public schools and subsequently spent four years at Jubilee College, but did not complete the course. Mr. Marsh was admitted to the Bar in 1860 and commenced practice in his native county; but the rebellion soon served to change his occupation.

Early in the beginning of the war Mr. Marsh organized a cavalry company and tendered his services with that of the company to Governor Yates. The latter was unable to accept the offer owing to the fact that cavalry was not included in President Lincoln's call; whereupon Mr. Marsh at once enlisted as a private in the Sixteenth Illinois Infantry, in which regiment he was chosen as Quarter-Master. The regiment was sent to Missouri: and shortly after its arrival, Quarter-Master Marsh was recalled by a telegram from Governor Yates, offering to accept his company of cavalry. He immediately returned to his home at Warsaw and recruited the company afterwards known as Company G of the Second Illinois Cavalry, of which he was elected Captain.

The brave, dashing, manly and noble qualities of Captain Marsh caused him to be popular with his superior officers as well as with his men, and he received rapid advancement. He was promoted to the position of Major on December 31st, 1862, Lieutenant Colonel, on May 3rd, 1864, and Colonel, on August 29th, 1865.

Colonel Marsh was engaged in active service in the first and second Vicksburg campaigns and did much towards saving his command and others in the unfortunate and humiliating Red River Expedition. At Holly Springs he refused to be surrendered by the officer in command, and after cutting his way with a small detachment through the line by which they were surrounded, charged through another body and made a juncture with Major Bush, whereupon the two detachments charged back through the rebel lines, released their comrades who had been captured, and again cut their way out. During this engagement he received three severe wounds but kept on fighting.

Upon one occasion upon the Red River Expedition, a shell exploded directly over his head and a fragment from it killed his horse. Of four gun-shot wounds, he carried the lead of a part of them throughout his life. With the exception of Virginia, and North and South Carolina, he campaigned in every State of the Confederacy.

Colonel Marsh was mustered out of the service in January, 1866 and returned to his home where he resumed the practice of law. In 1876 he was elected to Congress as the representative of his District, which position he held for three successive terms until 1883. After a period of retirement, he was again elected for four successive terms.

During the Spanish American war, he was offered a commission by President McKinley as Brigadier General, but refused it owing to the slight prospect for active service.

Colonel Marsh was a large land-holder in his native County, and at the time of his death, was the owner of the farm upon which he was born. He died at his home in Warsaw on June 2nd, 1905, honored, respected and loved for what he was and what he did.

MAJOR JOHN R. HOTALING.

John R. Hotaling (or Houghtaling, as originally spelled) was born in Sharon, Schoharie County, New York, on March 3rd, 1824. His parents were of the old "Knickerbocker" stock and he inherited the sturdy, persistent and manly characteristics of his race. At the age of fifteen, he was "bound out" for three years as an apprentice to a printer; but after serving for eighteen months, he bought his "time" and went to New York City where, after numerous disappointments, he obtained employment in a printing office and worked at the trade for a year. At the end of the year he went abroad with a Captain Hitchcock, with whose family he had become acquainted, and during an absence of five months, visited Antwerp, Rotterdam and other European cities.

Upon his return he was employed as the overseer of a wire-mill and soon obtained a thorough knowledge of the business. His energy and ability attracted the attention of an English Company that was about to start a like enterprise and he was made foreman of their factory. A proof of the estimation in which he was held is indicated by the fact that he was the only one in the company's service who had not served an apprenticeship of seven years. Mr. Hotaling remained with the English company until the beginning of the Mexican War, when he enlisted in a New York company of mounted dragoons. The company shipped to Vera Cruz and from thence joined the main army which fought its way to the City of Mexico. Hotaling was one of the first to enter, and one of the last to leave that place. While there he had an encounter with guerrillas and received a severe saber-cut which came near being fatal and would have proven so but for the prompt assistance of a comrade.

Mr. Hotaling made his home in the Southern States for about three years after the close of the Mexican war. Upon the discovery of gold in California, he was among the first to join the tide of immigration to that state. Going to New York he joined a company of sixty who chartered a ship to take them to their destination by way of Cape Horn. The voyage bore every promise of a most attractive outing. The chartered vessel was a thing of beauty for its day, the cabin being luxuriously furnished and all things betokened the most refined comfort. Much to their surprise, however, when the time came for sailing, there had been a complete transformation. The cabin had been stripped of everything suggestive of comfort and in place of rare china and the sumptuous service promised, they were introduced to tin cups and plates and iron spoons. Aside from this, the vessel proved to be unseaworthy and they were compelled to stop at Rio Janeiro for repairs, where complaint was made to the American Consul. The ship was detained at Rio Janeiro thirty-one days. During this time Mr. Hotaling became acquainted with some influential citizens who were attracted to him and by whom he was invited to attend a birthday reception given by the Emperor, Dom. Pedro, at which he was presented to the Emperor and Empress. Shortly afterwards he was entertained by the Emperor who exhibited great interest in the United States, and particularly in its public schools.

The ship put in at the port of Calao where it remained fifteen days. During this time Mr. Hotaling visited Lima and other places of interest. Again the ship weighed anchor and resumed its tiresome course. At last, after a voyage of eight months and three days it arrived in the port of San Francisco in the autumn of 1849. Mr. Hotaling failed to find success in the land of gold, and in 1851 returned to New York. From there he emigrated to Illinois and located at the present site of Rochelle, then known as Hickory Grove, where he engaged in mercantile business and remained until the beginning of the Civil War.

In the summer of 1861 he recruited a cavalry company, afterwards known as Company A, of the Second Illinois Cavalry. Captain Hotaling soon became dissatisfied with his superior officers and succeeded in having Companies A and B detailed upon detached service. It was his opinion that by so doing he could secure better results than could otherwise be accomplished, and time justified his judgment.

Captain Hotaling was in the Fort Donelson campaign, and at the battle of Shiloh was detailed upon General Grant's Staff to command the Tenth Missouri Sharp-Shooters. His company acted as escort to General Ord and later, to General Logan, remaining with the latter until after the surrender of Vicksburg. After being with General Logan a short time, Captain Hotaling was appointed Senior Aid upon the latter's staff, with the title of Major, in which capacity he served until the close of the war.

In the Atlanta campaign Major Hotaling performed an important service. He was conspicuous in the battle of Atlanta and took general supervision in General Logan's stead, of that part of the line represented by the Fifteenth Corps. When the Confederate assault was made, he was at the front with Smyth's Battery and narrowly escaped capture. As a result, he lost his horse and personal equipment. Later, he was instrumental in rallying the men of Jones' Brigade when they were badly disordered, and led them in a brilliant charge up to the guns of the enemy; thereby recapturing the rifle-pits and De Gress' Battery.

Much of the credit for the victory at Atlanta was given to Major Hotaling by General Logan, who said of him that, "as a brave, diligent and faithful officer, he had no superior in the service."

General C. C. Walcott, of Columbus, Ohio, who was present at the battle, is reported to have said that he "considered Major Hotaling as one of the bravest officers in the field and that our forces owed their success before Atlanta, more to him than to any other one man; that he had wondered why he did not receive promotion immediately afterwards."

The Major's modest reply to this suggestion was characteristic. The substance of it was that in the position he then occupied, having as he did, the full confidence of General Logan and the control of fifteen thousand men, he thought that he could be of more service to his country than he could possibly have been by any promotion he might hope to have gotten.

At the close of the war, Major Hotaling returned to his home in Rochelle, Illinois, and in 1869 was appointed Post Master of that place.

Some of his later experiences were the outgrowth of early California history. For some years during the pioneer days of that State, Henry Meigs, of San Francisco, was the leading banker upon the western coast. His mining, lumbering and other interests grew so rapidly and required such a large capital that he suddenly found himself unable to meet his engagements. With bankruptcy before him, he collected as much gold as possible, bought a bark and put to sea with his treasure. The vessel was becalmed in a fog in the Golden Gate. Meigs' flight and the absence of the bark were discovered the same evening and a steamer was sent in pursuit. It passed so closely to the becalmed bark that its lights were seen and conversation upon it heard upon the fugitive ship. Nobody on board the bark, unless it may have been the captain, knew the identity of Meigs or that they were being pursued. Before morning a breeze enabled them to clear the harbor and they sailed for Otahitee. From there they touched at various islands in the Pacific but apparently without any definite destination in view.

Nicholas Hotaling, a brother of the Major, who was the Second officer of the vessel, attracted the attention of Meigs, who seemed to take a warm interest in him. Hotaling was disposed to reciprocate the feeling but became suspicious, owing to the apparently aimless wandering of the vessel. His room was next to that of Meigs. One night he heard a sound in Meigs' room like the chinking of coin. Looking through a slight crack in the partition, he saw Meigs upon the floor before an open chest filled with gold coin and bullion, which convinced him that something was wrong. After a cruise of several months, the ship entered the harbor of Valparaiso, and Meigs was put on shore with his box. He offered fine inducements to Hotaling to stay with him, but the latter refused and neither saw the other for many years.

With the money at his disposal (which, as afterwards learned, amounted to five hundred thousand dollars), coupled with his great business sagacity, Meigs was soon at the head of large projects, all of which were successful--the chief one being the Trans-Andean Railway. His first thought, after his great success, was to retrieve his good name which had stood as a synonym of honor in California before his default; and to make recompense to those who had been ruined or injured by his act. He had retained a list of the names of his creditors with the amount due to each, and in due time paid every debt in full, together with interest. Many indictments were pending against him in California, but when he made restitution, a special act of the Legislature was passed cancelling them all.

Upon hearing of Meigs' fame, Hotaling wrote to him. Meigs had not forgotten his old friend. He immediately replied, offering him a liberal inducement to go to Chili. The offer was accepted and was soon followed by another to Major Hotaling of a position in Central America in connection with a railroad project then undergoing development in that country. Leaving the Post Office in charge of his wife, Major Hotaling went to Central America in the fall of 1871. The climate proved to be too trying and in a few months he was compelled to resign and returned home.

In 1874 Major Hotaling was induced to visit the gold fields of South America; but again the climate and other things equally trying, compelled him to return.

In 1883 he went to Huron, South Dakota, and finding the climate especially beneficial, resigned his position as Post Master, and in the spring of 1884 moved with his family to that place where he died on October 13th, 1886. His remains were interred in Lawnridge Cemetery, Rochelle, Illinois.

Major Hotaling was one of six brothers who served during the war; three of whom, Nicholas, Charles and Dighton, were in his company; the others, Oscar and Steuben, were in Eastern regiments.

The character of Major Hotaling was an attractive one. He was quiet, modest, sincere and dignified, but always pleasant and approachable. As a soldier, he was earnest, loyal and brave to a degree, and the welfare of his men was his first consideration. He never commanded a soldier to go where he would not lead, and never hesitated to lead because Death stood in the way. On one occasion at Vicksburg a shell fell in a trench where he was standing with others. Without hesitation he grasped the shell with its burning fuse and threw it over the ramparts almost at the instant of its explosion. This act was characteristic of the man in all emergencies, and was but one of many which went to make up his career as a soldier.

THE END.

ROSTER OF COMPANY A

Name and Rank. Residence. Date of rank Date of or enlistment. muster. Remarks.

CAPTAINS-- John R. Hotaling Lane Aug. 24, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Promoted Major William B. Cummins Lane Nov. 19, 1863 Nov. 26, 1864 Discharged June 24, 1865

FIRST LIEUTS.-- Frank B. Bennett Lane Aug. 24, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Resigned June 3, 1862 William B. Cummins Lane June 3, 1862 July 17, 1862 Promoted Edward C. Baker White Rock Nov. 19, 1863 Nov. 26, 1864 Mustered out

SECOND LIEUTS.-- Albert J. Jackson Morrison Aug. 24, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Resigned Mar. 19, 1862 William B. Cummins Lane Mar. 18, 1862 Nov. 16, 1862 Promoted Shepherd G. Patrick Dixon June 3, 1862 Aug. 14, 1861 Resigned Sept. 13, 1862 James S. McHenry Lane Sept. 13, 1862 Aug. 14, 1861 Resigned Mar. 3, 1864

FIRST SERGEANT-- William B. Cummins Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Promoted 2d Lieutenant

Q. M. SERGEANT-- J. S. McHenry Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Promoted 2d Lieutenant

SERGEANTS-- J. Q. Bowers White Rock Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Aug. 11, 1864 Nicholas Hotaling Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Aug. 11, 1864 D. B. Dewey Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Apr. 22, 1862 Frank Hatch Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Prisoner of war since Feb. 12, 1862. Reported to have died in prison

CORPORALS-- Isaac Brown Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Disch. Aug. 11, 1864, as private B. F. Berry Dixon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Died Mar. 27, 1862 Harvey R. James Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Disch. Aug. 11, 1864, as private S. G. Patrick Dixon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Promoted 2d Lieutenant J. A. B. Butterfield Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Disch. Aug. 11, 1864, as Serg't. G. W. Hemstock Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Disch. Aug. 11, 1864, as Serg't.

BLACKSMITH-- Edmond Connor Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged July 8, 1862

BUGLER-- Frank Clendenin Morrison Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Trans. to 8th Ill. Cavalry

PRIVATES-- Antisdale, Simon L. Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Died, N. Orleans, Oct. 12, 1863 Allen, Charles Morrison Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Aug. 11, 1864 Boyce, Benjamin Pine Rock Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Disch. Aug. 11, 1864, as Corp. Belles, Cornelius Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Disch. Aug. 11, 1864, as Corp. Beck, Anton Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Disch. Aug. 11, 1864, as Corp. Bechtol, Reuben Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Jan. 20, 1862 Baker, Edward C. White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Burghardt, Geo. H. White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 M. O., Sept. 3, 1864, as Serg't. Crosby, William White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Killed near Vermillion, La., Nov. 11, 1863 Curry, Charles White Rock Sept. 2, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Mustered out Sept. 3, 1864 Dunlap, Joseph Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Jan. 20, 1863 Doud, George Dixon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Feb. 3, 1862, to join gunboat service Dewey, L. F. White Rock Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Sept. 18, 1863 Denkler, S. F. Lane Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Mustered out Sept. 3, 1864 Edwards, H. R. Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Fletcher, S. H. Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Feland, Charles White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Gritz, John Franklin Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Aug. 11, 1864 Gillet, Asa W. White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Hill, Hiram Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Sept. 9, 1862 Hotaling, D. W. Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged July 11, 1862 Hotaling, Charles Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Dec. 20, 1861 Hodgsdon, Charles O. Dixon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Disch. Aug. 11, 1864, as Corp. Hunisdon, Lewis Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged June 30, 1862 Hardcastle, George Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Aug. 18, 1864 Haslett, S. W. Polo Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged April 11, 1864 Hicks, H. G. Freeport Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Prom. Sergeant Major Huffman, George Franklin Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged April 18, 1862 Hughes, John A. Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Disch. Aug. 11, 1864, as Serg't. Hubberd, Lewis Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Died at Memphis, July 28, 1863; wounds Higgs, Thomas H. Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Hull, Jedediah D. White Rock Sept. 2, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Dec. 6, 1861 Harnaker, Morgan Lane Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Died, Memphis, Feb. 26, 1863 Hilands, Robert Lane Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Mustered out Sept. 3, 1864 Johnson, Samuel Lane Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Jan. 7, 1863 Klock, Martin P. Polo Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Lewis, Charles Byron Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Sept. 4, 1861 Luttis, Jacob Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Died Feb. 25, 1862 Myers, William R. Morrison Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Feb. 3, 1862 Morrell, J. V. Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Sept. 5, 1862 Manning, Joseph Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Jan. 26, 1862 Mack, John P. Pecatonica Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Mills, G. H. Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran McCorckle, James Lane Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 1st Serg't. Killed in action at Port Gibson, Miss., May 20, 1863 Masaleo, William White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Deserted Aug. 1, 1862 Marson, Samuel G. White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Mustered out Sept. 3, 1864 Nuppenan, Henry White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Mustered out Sept. 3, 1864 Nelson, Charles Franklin Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged April 18, 1862 Pond, D. B. White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged April 28, 1862 Pottarf, B. R. Lane Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Died at Trenton, Tenn., Aug. 3, 1862 Prescott, William Winnebago Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Parsons, James F. Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Aug. 11, 1864 Padgett, James L. Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Petrie, John R. Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Nov. 19, 1862 Place, Samuel M. Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Aug. 11, 1864 Pond, C. K. White Rock Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Died, St. Louis, July 19, 1863 Rhoades, John Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Rogers, William Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Jan. 20, 1862 Sheldon, Marion R. Dixon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged Aug. 11, 1864 Shaw, Daniel D. Mt. Morris Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Mustered out June 11, 1865 Smith, Frank Lane Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Steele, Calvin Lane Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Sheaff, Peter White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Mustered out Sept. 3, 1864 Shannon, Osborn White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Disch. Feb., 1864, as Serg't. Sheaff, Joseph White Rock Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Disch. Sept. 3, 1864, as Serg't. Stillwell, William F. Lane Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Townsend, Grant White Rock Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Taylor, George Pecatonica Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Twiney, Francis Mt. Morris Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged May 15, 1862 Van Wey, George Oregon Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Discharged May 8, 1862 Wells, D. J. Byron Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Wise, James Byron Aug. 8, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Re-enlisted as Veteran Winters, George W. Lane Sept. 4, 1861 Aug. 14, 1861 Died Sept. 22, 1862

VETERANS-- Baker, Edward C. Pine Rock Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Prom. Sgt., then 1st Lieut. Chatterton, Chas. E. Lane Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Edwards, Hugh R. Leaf River Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Elder, John S. Lake Providence Jan. 5, 1864 Feb. 5, 1864 Corp'l M. O., June 22, 1865, as of first enlistment Feeland, Charles Lane Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Fletcher, Samuel H. Lane Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Gillet, Asa W. White Rock Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Higgs, Thomas H. Mt. Morris Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Klock, Martin J. Polo Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Mills, George H. Lane Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Sgt. M. O. as supernumerary non-commis. officer, June 24, 1865 Mack, John P. Elida Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Prescott, William Elida Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Padgett, James L. Lane Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Rhoades, John Lane Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Stillwell, William F. White Rock Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Co. Q. M. Sgt. M. O., June 24, 1865, as supernumerary non-com. officer Steel, Calvin Lane Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Smith, Frank Lane Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Townsend, Grant White Rock Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. A, as consol. Taylor, George Pecatonica Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Towner, Seth S. Lane Jan. 5, 1864 Feb. 5, 1864 Died, N. Orleans, Dec. 16, 1864 Wise, James Leaf River Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Wells, David J. Leaf River Jan. 5, 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol.

RECRUITS-- Airhart, William W. Lane Aug. 27, 1862 ---- Discharged Sept. 10, 1863 Aulis, Charles W. Lane Sept. 3, 1862 ---- Mustered out June 11, 1865 Adams, Robert M. Lane Aug. 27, 1862 ---- Died, Vicksburg, Aug. 8, 1863 Allen, Hiram ---- Dec. 23, 1863 ---- Deserted Mar. 19, 1864 Austin, George Decatur Jan. 4, 1864 Feb. 2, 1864 Trans. to Co. D, as consol. Archer, John Carthage Aug. 12, 1862 ---- Mustered out June 13, 1865, See Recruits, Co. H. Brewin, George ---- ---- ---- -------- Boughman, Lewis Barry Nov. 18, 1863 Dec. 31, 1863 Missing in action at Sabine Cr. Roads, La., April 8, 1864 Beedle, John Douglas Co. Jan. 25, 1864 Jan. 25, 1864 Tr. to 2d La. Inf., Oct. 17, 1864 Chatterton, Chas. E. Lane Sept. 2, 1861 ---- Re-enlisted as Veteran Casler, Orlando C. Lane Aug. 27, 1862 Apr. 21, 1863 -------- Conaway, Jeremiah White Rock Sept. 3, 1862 ---- -------- Coe, George R. Union Grove Feb. 1, 1864 Feb. 10, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. DeGroudt, Clement Union Grove Feb. 1, 1864 Feb. 10, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Disbrow, Charles Decatur Jan. 4, 1864 Feb. 2, 1864 Mustered out June 22, 1865 Davis, Phillip Bourbon Feb. 3, 1864 Feb. 3, 1864 Deserted Nov. 18, 1864 Dewey, James C. Rockford Nov. 4, 1863 Dec. 31, 1863 Died at Baton Rouge, La. Elder, John S. Louisville, Tex. Mar. 3, 1863 Apr. 21, 1863 Re-enlisted as Veteran Ellis, John Douglas Co. Jan. 25, 1864 Jan. 25, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Fergus, James A. Jacksonville Sept. 24, 1862 Apr. 21, 1863 Mustered out June 11, 1865 Gordonier, Henderson Lane Oct. 9, 1862 ---- Mustered out June 11, 1865 Garlock, James Lynnville Jan. 29, 1864 Mar. 28, 1864 Died at Baton Rouge, La., Jan. 25, 1864 Howlett, John R. Lane Dec. 1, 1861 ---- Prom. Adjutant 1st Bat. Hemstock, James L. Lane Aug. 20, 1862 Apr. 21, 1863 Discharged June 26, 1863 Hiland, Andrew Lane Sept. 3, 1862 ---- Mustered out June 11, 1865 Hamlin, David Lane Sept. 25, 1862 ---- Mustered out June 11, 1865 Hemstock, John D. Lane Aug. 12, 1863 ---- Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Hefzug, John G. Dixon Feb. 29, 1864 Feb. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Hart, Charles White Rose Feb. 26, 1864 Mar. 28, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Hicks, Henry S. Sugar Grove Dec. 9, 1863 Dec. 9, 1863 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Harbour, Elijah Sadorus Dec. 15, 1863 Dec. 15, 1863 Vet. M. O. May 11, 1865 Jewell, George W. Lane Aug. 12, 1863 Aug. 12, 1863 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Keith, Corwin B. Lane Aug. 12, 1863 Aug. 12, 1863 Discharged March, 1863 Kessler, Hartman Brooklyn Mar. 9, 1864 Mar. 9, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Lord, James W. Lane Sept. 17, 1862 ---- Mustered out June 11, 1865 Lilley, Joshua D. Pine Rock Feb. 26, 1864 Mar. 28, 1864 Mustered out May 27, 1865 Lilley, Lazrus Marion Feb. 26, 1864 Apr. 13, 1864 Trans. to Co. B, as consol. Miers, Henry Lane Aug. 27, 1862 ---- Discharged Oct. 9, 1862 Myers, William R. Joliet Dec. 21, 1863 Dec. 21, 1863 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Martin, William Havana Dec. 1, 1863 Dec. 31, 1863 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. McDonald, C. H. Lane Sept. 2, 1861 ---- -------- Phelps, Henry G. White Rock Aug. 27, 1862 Apr. 21, 1863 Mustered out June 11, 1865 Quigel, John Douglas Co. Jan. 25, 1864 Jan. 25, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Rathburn, Royal A. Lane Sept. 3, 1862 ---- Mustered out June 11, 1865 Skelton, Thomas Lane Nov. 1, 1861 ---- Discharged May 16, 1862 Sternberg, Hezekiah Lane Aug. 27, 1862 Apr. 21, 1863 Mustered out June 11, 1865 Smith, Henry L. Lane ---- ---- Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Sanford, Richmond Springfield Dec. 16, 1863 Dec. 16, 1863 Deserted March 19, 1864 Stockman, Augustus Brooklyn Mar. 9, 1864 Mar. 9, 1864 Trans. to Co. D, as consol. Schubert, Charles Hardin Oct. 23, 1863 Dec. 31, 1863 Deserted Jan. 18, 1865 Scott, Frank B. Wills Mar. 29, 1864 Mar. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Towner, Seth S. Lane Sept. 3, 1862 ---- Re-enlisted as Veteran Towner, Wayne Lane Aug. 12, 1863 Feb. 26, 1864 Trans. to Co. B, as consol. Ulrich, William H. Dixon Feb. 29, 1864 Feb. 29, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Underwood, James A. Peoria Jan. 4, 1864 Jan. 5, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Van Isler, George Urbana Nov. 27, 1863 Dec. 31, 1863 Trans. to Co. D, as consol. Wheeler, Smith R. Cairo Oct. 12, 1861 Apr. 21, 1863 Died, Vicksburg, July 17, 1863 Wilt, Noah White Rock Aug. 27, 1862 ---- Died, Memphis, Mar. 18, 1864 Wheeler, Charles T. Lane Aug. 12, 1863 ---- Mustered out June 21, 1865 Wright, Benjamin L. Peoria Jan. 4, 1864 Jan. 5, 1864 Trans. to Co. E, as consol. Waters, George B. Urbana Aug. 1, 1862 ---- M. O. to date July 18, 1865 Warren, Stephen ---- ---- ---- Discharged Aug. 11, 1864 Neely, Jas. ---- Sept. 17, 1862 ---- Mustered out June 11, 1865 Wampler, M. J. S. Barry Nov. 18, 1863 Dec. 31, 1863 Trans. to Co. E, as consol.