The History of Bread: From Pre-historic to Modern Times
CHAPTER I. PRE-HISTORIC BREAD 13
” II. CORN IN EGYPT AND ASSYRIA 20
” III. BREAD IN PALESTINE 29
” IV. THE BREAD OF THE CLASSIC LANDS 43
” V. BREAD IN EASTERN LANDS 56
” VI. BREAD IN EUROPE AND AMERICA 69
” VII. EARLY ENGLISH BREAD 83
” VIII. HOW GRAIN BECOMES FLOUR 103
” IX. THE MILLER AND HIS TOLLS 114
” X. BREAD-MAKING AND BAKING 123
” XI. OVENS ANCIENT AND MODERN 136
” XII. THE RELIGIOUS USE OF BREAD 142
” XIII. GINGER BREAD AND CHARITY BREAD 150
” XIV. BREAD RIOTS 162
” XV. LEGENDS ABOUT BREAD 170
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
EGYPTIANS THRESHING CORN BY HAND; WINNOWING AND STORING IT IN SACKS, AND A SCRIBE NOTING THE QUANTITIES _Frontispiece._
_Page_.
PRE-HISTORIC MILLS AND CORN-CRUSHERS 17
EGYPTIAN REAPERS 20
EGYPTIANS STACKING CORN 21
EGYPTIANS CARRYING GRAIN TO THE THRESHING-FLOOR AND THRESHING 23
EGYPTIAN METHODS OF BREAD-MAKING 25
ASSYRIAN BREAD-MAKING 26
EGYPTIAN CAKE SELLER AND BREAD 27
A PALESTINE HAND-MILL 36
DEMETER AND TRIPTOLEMUS 45
PITHOI FOUND AT HISSARLIK 47
ETRUSCAN WOMEN POUNDING GRAIN 49
A BAKE-HOUSE AT POMPEII 51
ROMAN METHODS OF BREAD-MAKING 53
A BAKER’S SHOP (_from Pompeii_) 54
CHINESE METHOD OF HUSKING GRAIN 59
EARLY SCANDINAVIAN BAKERIES 70-71
A MEDIÆVAL BAKERY 79
THE ARMS OF THE WHITE BAKERS 86
THE ARMS OF THE BROWN BAKERS 87
AN EARLY BAKERY 91
A POST MILL 104
A WATER-WHEEL MILL 105
THE GRINDING SURFACE OF A MILLSTONE 107
‘HOT GINGERBREAD, SMOKING HOT’ 152
HOGARTH’S PICTURE OF FORD 154
THE BIDDENDEN MAIDS 160
THE
HISTORY OF BREAD
FROM PRE-HISTORIC TO MODERN TIMES.