Part 7

Note: Not only were Norbeck and Millard linked together by their common interest in the Badlands, but also through the marriage of Mr. Norbeck’s daughter to Mrs. Clara (Millard) Jennings’ son (information from Nelsons, February 9, 1968).

[116]Memorandum, G.A. Moskey, Chief Counsel, NPS, to NPS Regional Director, Region Two, May 20, 1941; Receipt signed by B.H. Millard and S.N. Millard dated October 24, 1946; Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for March 1955.

[117]Program, “Millard Ridge Dedication,” Badlands National Monument, Interior, South Dakota, June 28, 1957.

[118]Information from E.N. (Curley) and Ilo Nelson, February 9, 1968; Gratton, op. cit.; Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for October 1950.

[119]Schell, op. cit., p. 277.

[120]Ibid., p. 282.

[121]Memorandum, NPS Director Cammerer to the Secretary of the Interior, November 28, 1934.

[122]Ibid.

[123]Rogers, op. cit., Executive Order of Franklin D. Roosevelt, November 21, 1934.

[124]Letter, Fred Bess, FERA, to Tilford E. Dudley, The Land Program, FERA, January 1, 1935; Lewis Meriam, Relief and Social Security (Washington: The Brookings Institution, 1946), p. 283.

[125]Final Report on the “Badlands National Monument Extension, South Dakota—R-1,” Third District Office, Branch of Planning, NPS, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, submitted April 2, 1935, cover letter and pp. 30-45, 79; Letter, NPS Assistant Director Wirth to Sixth Regional Officer, NPS, August 1, 1935.

[126]Letter, T.A. Walters, Acting Secretary of the Interior, to Harry L. Hopkins, Administrator, FERA, April 15, 1935.

[127]Ibid.

[128]Ibid.; Letter, Director J.S. Lansill, The Land Program, to T.E. Dudley, The Land Program, FERA, April 17, 1935.

[129]Meriam, op. cit., pp. 286, 287.

[130]Letter, Senator Norbeck to NPS Assistant Director Wirth, February 13, 1935.

[131]Ibid.

[132]Letter, Senator Norbeck to Herbert Evison, NPS Acting Assistant Director March 8, 1935.

[133]Letter, Mrs. Eva Stevens Roberts, Imlay, S.D., to NPS Assistant Director Wirth, September 2, 1935.

[134]Letter, George Gibbs, Regional Officer, Region VI, NPS, to M.C. Huppuch, Recreational Demonstration Projects, September 18, 1935.

[135]Letter, Senator Norbeck to R.G. Tugwell, Administrator, Resettlement Administration, November 25, 1935.

[136]Thomas A. Sullivan, Laws Relating to the National Park Service, Supp. I (Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1944), p. 149.

[137]Various correspondence pertaining to the establishment of Badlands National Monument.

[138]Letter, Governor Tom Berry to Secretary of the Interior Ickes, February 26, 1935; Letter, NPS Superintendent Harry J. Liek to C. Irvin Krumm, Executive Manager, Greater South Dakota Association, November 20, 1953.

[139]Letter, D.K. Parrott, Acting Assistant Commissioner, General Land Office, to Senator Case, June 11, 1937; Memorandum, Neal A. Butterfield, NPS, to Mr. Thompson, February 13, 1937, “Badlands National Monument Extension, South Dakota—R-1,” op. cit., p. 113.

[140]L.U. Foreman, Final Report (1938-1939) on “Badlands Tunnel Engineering,” Federal Works Agency, Public Roads Administration; Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for June 1940.

[141]Memorandum, NPS Director Cammerer to the Secretary of the Interior, July 6, 1938; “Badlands National Monument Extension, South Dakota—R-1,” op. cit., pp. 116, 117; Letter, Senator Norbeck to NPS Director Cammerer, July 30, 1935.

[142]Memorandum, Antoinette Funk, Assistant Commissioner, General Land Office, to the NPS, November 8, 1938; Grazing History, Badlands National Monument (September 1963), p. 88.

[143]Memorandum, NPS Director Cammerer to the Secretary of the Interior, July 6, 1938.

[144]Thomas A. Sullivan, Proclamations and Orders Relating to the National Park Service up to January 1, 1945 (Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1947), pp. 118-120.

[145]Memorandum, U.S. Department of the Interior for the Press, February 4, 1939.

[146]Letter, F. Hopkins, Acting Chief, SCS, to NPS Director Newton B. Drury, December 27, 1941.

[147]Project Manager’s Monthly Narrative Report for January 1937.

[148]Project Manager’s Monthly Narrative Report for April 1937.

[149]Howard W. Baker, NPS Resident Landscape Architect, “Report to the Deputy Chief Architect on Development of Proposed Badlands National Monument, November 13 and 14, 1935,” December 30, 1935; “Badlands National Monument Extension, South Dakota—R-1,” op. cit., cover letter and p. 15; “Badlands Tunnel Engineering,” op. cit.; Summary of Activities at Badlands National Monument, Fiscal Year 1940 (included in Superintendent’s Fiscal Annual Narrative Report File).

[150]Summary of Activities at Badlands National Monument, Fiscal Year 1940; Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for June 1940.

[151]Ibid.

[152]Memorandum, Superintendent Liek to the NPS Director, August 11, 1939; Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for February 1940.

[153]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for July 1940; Summary of Activities at Badlands National Monument, Fiscal Years 1941, 1942.

[154]Memorandum, Superintendent Howard B. Stricklin to the NPS Regional Director, Midwest Region, March 17, 1965.

[155]Baker, op. cit., p. 4; Memorandum, NPS Associate Director Demaray to NPS Regional Director, Region II, November 4, 1939; “Badlands National Monument Extension, South Dakota—R-1,” op. cit., p. 64.

[156]Memorandum, Chief, Project Development Division, NPS, to the files, December 20, 1939; Memorandum, NPS Acting Regional Director Paul V. Brown to Regional Attorney Taylor, February 23, 1940.

[157]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for April 1940.

[158]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for May 1941; Summary of Activities at Badlands National Monument, Fiscal Year 1940; Memorandum, NPS Chief Counsel Moskey to the NPS Regional Director, Region II, May 20, 1941.

[159]Memorandum, NPS Regional Director Baker to the NPS Director, June 6, 1956; Weldon W. Gratton, op. cit.; Information from E.N. (Curley) and Ilo Nelson, Cedar Pass Lodge, February 9, 1968.

[160]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for February 1940.

[161]Memorandum, NPS Acting Regional Director Brown to Regional Attorney Taylor, February 23, 1940.

[162]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Reports for April 1940, November 1940, September 1941, and April 1943.

[163]Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Reports for January 1965 and April 1967; 1958 date deduced from various government memorandums 1956-1958.

[164]Summary of Activities at Badlands National Monument, Fiscal Year 1942.

[165]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for July 1940.

[166]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for March 1940.

[167]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for November 1941.

[168]Letter, NPS Acting Director Demaray to Representative Case, May 21, 1941.

[169]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for September 1941.

[170]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for March 1942.

[171]Ibid.

[172]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for May 1942.

[173]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for December 1942.

[174]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for May 1942.

[175]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for March 1943.

[176]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for June 1943.

[177]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Reports and Annual Fiscal Reports for the war years, passim.

[178]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for November 1943.

[179]Summary of Activities at Badlands National Monument, Fiscal Year 1942; Coordinating Superintendent’s Annual Narrative Report for Fiscal Year 1947.

[180]Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for January 1953.

[181]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for January 1948.

[182]Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for September 1952.

[183]Purchase Order, Superintendent, Badlands National Monument, to Golden West Telephone Coop., Inc., October 17, 1960; Special Use Permit BADL 61-1, July 20, 1961.

[184]Coordinating Superintendent’s Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1947.

[185]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Reports for May through September 1948; Fiscal Annual Reports 1947 and 1949.

[186]Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for October 1951; NPS Report 1a1, Annual Report of Officials in Charge of Field Areas and the Regional Directors, June 1, 1952.

[187]Receipt, signed by B.H. Millard and S.N. Millard, October 24, 1946; Badlands National Monument Land Records.

[188]NPS Report 1a1, Annual Report of Officials in Charge of Field Areas and the Regional Directors, May 11, 1951.

[189]Superintendent’s Annual Fiscal Narrative Report, June 8, 1960; Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for November 1950.

[190]Grazing History, op. cit., pp. 2, 3.

[191]Memorandum, Superintendent Stricklin to the NPS Regional Director, Midwest Region, March 17, 1965.

[192]Ibid.

[193]Information from Chief Park Ranger Byron A. Hazeltine, Badlands National Monument, November 1967.

[194]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for March 1943.

[195]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for February 1946.

[196]Custodian’s Monthly Narrative Report for November 1946.

[197]Memorandum, Lawrence C. Merriam, NPS Regional Director, Region Two to the NPS Director, December 6, 1946; Letter, Secretary of the Interior J.A. Krug to the President of the United States, May 21, 1949.

[198]Ibid.

[199]Memorandum, NPS Associate Regional Director, Region Two to Superintendent, Wind Cave National Park, August 31, 1949.

[200]Krug to the President, May 21, 1949.

[201]Rogers, op. cit., Senate Report No. 1064, Calendar No. 1005, 82d Cong., 2d Sess.

[202]Ibid., Bills and Reports named in the text by number.

[203]Grazing History, op. cit.; Badlands National Monument map file.

[204]Telegram, Ben Chief, Pine Ridge Indian Agency, to Senator Mundt, February 8, 1952; Resolution of the Executive Committee of the Tribal Council of the Oglala Sioux Tribe, February 8, 1952.

[205]Rogers, op. cit.; Hillory A. Tolson, comp., Laws Relating to the National Park Service, Supp. II. (Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1963), pp. 387, 388.

[206]Ibid.

[207]Memorandum, Department of the Interior to the Press, February 4, 1939; Grazing History, op. cit., p. 88.

[208]Letter, Congressman Berry to NPS Director Wirth, July 9, 1952; Resolution of the Cane Creek Cooperative Grazing District, Walter Kruse, President, n.d.

[209]Letter, Senator Case to NPS Director Wirth, July 16, 1952.

[210]Letter, NPS Regional Director Baker to the NPS Director, January 16, 1953.

[211]Letter, NPS Acting Director Tolson to Congressman Berry, July 2, 1952.

[212]Statement, “Boundary Revisions, Badlands National Monument, South Dakota,” NPS, July 1952.

[213]Ibid.

[214]Federal Register, October 10, 1952, pp. 9051, 9052.

[215]Letter, General Superintendent Liek, to C. Irvin Krumm, Executive Manager, Greater South Dakota Association, November 20, 1953.

[216]Memorandum, NPS Assistant Regional Director John S. McLaughlin to the NPS Director, April 14, 1953.

[217]Letter, General Superintendent Liek to C. Irvin Krumm, November 20, 1953.

[218]Ibid.; Memorandum, Superintendent John A. Rutter to NPS Regional Director, Region Two, October 14, 1955.

[219]Land Status Map, Drawing No. NM-BL-2036-C-2, January 15, 1953.

[220]Memorandum, NPS Director Wirth to NPS Regional Director, Region Two, December 5, 1952.

[221]Theodore E. White, Report of the Paleontological Survey of Certain Peripheral Areas of the Badlands National Monument South Dakota (River Basin Surveys, Smithsonian Institution, June 1953).

[222]Paul L. Beaubein, Preliminary Report of Archeological Reconnaissance, Badlands National Monument, 1953, November 3, 1953, p. 3.

[223]F.W. Albertson, Report of Study of Grassland Areas of Badlands National Monument, South Dakota..., September 26, 1953.

[224]Resolution (No. 7615), Frank W. Mitchell, Secretary, State Highway Commission, November 17, 1953; Letters: F.W. Mitchell to Senator Case, November 24, 1953; F. Web Hill, Chairman, Conservation Committee, Rapid City Chapter Izaak Walton League of America, to NPS Director Wirth, November 4, 1953; Leonel M. Jensen, Game, Fish and Parks Commissioner, to Dr. G.W. Mills, March 18, 1954; Dr. G.W. Mills, President, Black Hills and Badlands Association to NPS Director Wirth, December 2, 1953; Memorandum, General Superintendent Liek to NPS Regional Director, Region Two, November 4, 1953.

[225]Resolutions: Board of Directors, White River Cooperative Grazing District, November 24, 1953; W.M. Rasmussen, Executive Secretary, South Dakota Stockgrowers Association, December 11, 1953; Memorandum, Superintendent Rutter to NPS Regional Director, April 28, 1954.

[226]Memorandum, NPS Director Wirth to NPS Regional Director, Region Two, April 5, 1954.

[227]Ibid.

[228]Adolph Murie, “Wildlife Values in Badlands National Monument,” 1954, pp. 16, 17.

[229]James D. Rump, “A Geological and Paleontological Appraisal of the Badlands National Monument,” September 15, 1954, p. 1.

[230]Ibid., pp. 3, 4.

[231]Memorandum, NPS Acting Regional Director McLaughlin to the NPS Director, April 20, 1955; Resolutions: Clark Chamber of Commerce, J.W. Lockhart, Secretary, December 16, 1953; Black Hills and Badlands Association, G.W. Mills, President, December 2, 1953.

[232]Development Outline, Badlands National Monument (1947), February 28, 1947, p. 14; Tract map of Badlands National Monument, South Dakota R-1, Dates: January 21, 1936, September 1936, and June 30, 1939; Memorandums: NPS Regional Director Baker to the NPS Director, October 28, 1952; NPS Acting Regional Director McLaughlin to the NPS Director, April 20, 1955.

[233]Murie, op. cit., p. 7.

[234]Minutes of Open Meeting Concerning Badlands Boundary Revisions, Wall, South Dakota, April 12, 1956; Memorandum, NPS Regional Director Baker to the NPS Director, April 17, 1956.

[235]Federal Register, March 29, 1957, pp. 2052, 2053; Minutes of Open Meeting Concerning Badlands Boundary Revisions, Wall, South Dakota, April 12, 1956; Badlands National Monument Land Ownership Record, Deed 182, April 1958.

[236]Information from Badlands National Monument files, December 1967.

[237]Letter, Joy J. Deuser, Chief, Regional Land Management Division, SCS, to NPS Regional Director Baker, December 10, 1953.

[238]Grazing History, op. cit., Appendix p. 30.

[239]Ibid., pp. 6-9.

[240]“Summary of Mission 66 Objectives and Program for Badlands National Monument,” NPS Region Two, Omaha, Nebraska, April 6, 1956; Superintendent’s Annual Reports, Fiscal Years, 1956-1961.

[241]Badlands National Monument Land Ownership Record, Deed No. 178, August 25, 1955.

[242]Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for May 1959.

[243]Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for November 1960.

[244]Badlands National Monument Museum Accession Book.

[245]Ibid.; Letter, Harold Martin, Museum of Geology to John J. Palmer, November 21, 1960.

[246]Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for June 1958.

[247]Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Reports prior to 1959; Information from Elloween M. Saunders, Secretary, Badlands National Monument, February 9, 1968.

[248]Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for September 1959.

[249]Ibid.; Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for August 1959.

[250]Superintendent’s Annual Narrative Reports, Fiscal Years 1962, 1963.

[251]Ibid.

[252]Grazing History, op. cit., pp. 13, 14.

[253]Ibid., p. 15.

[254]Ibid., pp. 15-19: Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for November 1961.

[255]Grazing History, op. cit., p. 19.

[256]Information from Chief Park Ranger Hazeltine, February 9, 1968.

[257]Grazing History, op. cit., pp. 16-20.

[258]Ibid., p. 19.

[259]Knoles, op. cit., p. 5.

[260]“Badlands National Monument Extension, South Dakota—R-1,” op. cit., p. 5.

[261]Memorandums, NPS Regional Director Baker to the NPS Director, October 28, 1952, and January 16, 1953.

[262]Murie, op. cit., p. 17.

[263]Ibid.

[264]Badlands National Monument Annual Wildlife Census Reports, 1943-1946; Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for May 1959.

[265]“Long Range Wildlife and Range Management Plan, Badlands National Monument for Period 1965-1969,” p. 6.

[266]Ibid.; “Badlands Wildlife Restoration Plan,” September 9, 1965; Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Reports for November 1963 and October 1964; Information from Chief Park Ranger Hazeltine, February 10, 1968.

[267]Information from Chief Park Ranger Hazeltine, February 10, 1968.

[268]Knoles, op. cit., p. 20: “Badlands Wildlife Restoration Plan,” op. cit.

[269]“Badlands Wildlife Restoration Plan,” op. cit.

[270]Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Reports for January and February 1964.

[271]Information from Chief Park Ranger Hazeltine, November 1967.

[272]Superintendent’s Monthly Narrative Report for February 1964.

[273]Badlands Monthly Public Use Reports, 1939-1967: “Bad Lands Becomes National Monument,” The Rapid City Daily Journal, January 28, 1939.

[274]Hillory A. Tolson, comp., National Park Service Officials, U.S. Department of the Interior, NPS, January 1, 1964, p. 41.

APPENDIX E

Transcriber’s Notes

—Silently corrected a few typos.

—Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook is public-domain in the country of publication.

—In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by _underscores_.