Category: History - Ancient
Between the valley of the Indus and the land of the Euphrates and Tigris, bounded on the south by the ocean and the Persian Gulf, on the north by the broad steppes which the Oxus and Jaxartes vainly attempt to fertilise, by the Caspian Sea and the valley of the Aras, lies the...
"Cyaxares was succeeded by his son Astyages on the throne of the Medes"--such is the narrative of Herodotus--"and the latter had a daughter named Mandane. Once he saw his daught...
10. CHAPTER IX.The rules concerning purity and purification, the expiations and penances necessary to avert the Daevas, which we possess in the Vendidad of the Avesta, are only the remnant of...
5. CHAPTER IV.The examination of the difficult questions, whether, from what period, and to what extent, the Avesta was known in Western Iran before the time of Alexander, when the book came...
8. CHAPTER VII.When the tribes of the Aryas advanced from the Panjab towards the East, and established themselves on the Ganges, the gods to whom they had offered prayers on the Indus faded aw...
3. CHAPTER II.Among the ruins of the residence of the kings of Asshur at Chalah, on the confluence of the Greater Zab and the Tigris, was discovered the obelisk which Shalmanesar II., who rei...
14. CHAPTER II."When Phraortes had fallen, he was succeeded by his son Cyaxares. This prince collected all his subjects and marched against Nineveh, in order to avenge the death of his father...
11. CHAPTER X.Of the tribes of the Arians occupying the table-land called by their name, those which had their habitations on the northern slope of the Hindu Kush, in the valleys of the Murgh...
13. CHAPTER I.On the northern edge of the table-land of Iran, where the mountains descend to the Caspian Sea, we found dwelling towards the east the Hyrcanians (_Vehrkana_ in the Avesta, _Var...
6. CHAPTER V.The examination of the traditions of the East and West has simply led to the confirmation of the result, which we gain from the Avesta--that the name and the doctrine of Zarathr...
7. CHAPTER VI.In the Gathas of the Avesta the spirit who keeps watch over the increase of the flocks speaks to the heavenly powers, saying: "All creatures are distressed; whom have ye for the...
4. CHAPTER III.The statements of the Avesta concerning the ancient rulers of Eastern Iran were proved to be without historical value, yet we found in them an ancient and genuine tradition, the...
9. CHAPTER VIII.In the form in which we have them the books of the Avesta are the work of the priests of Eastern Iran. According to the evidence repeatedly furnished by them, there were three o...
2. CHAPTER I.Between the valley of the Indus and the land of the Euphrates and Tigris, bounded on the south by the ocean and the Persian Gulf, on the north by the broad steppes which the Oxu...
15. CHAPTER III.The oldest subjects in the Median kingdom were the Persians. Their country lay in the south-west corner of the table-land of Iran. The heights of the Zagrus, which run down to t...
17. CHAPTER V.The Median empire was not of long duration. Little more than a century had passed since Phraortes succeeded Deioces in the government of the land of Ecbatana, little more than e...
12. BOOK VIII.1. CHAPTER IV.