CHAPTER III

THE TOWER, THE PORCH, AND THE CHANCEL

27. Subject of the chapter 51

28. The western tower before the Conquest 53

29. Survival of the older type of tower after the Conquest 56

30. Architectural development of the tower 59

31. The spire 60

32. The tower of the later middle ages: its relation to the clerestory of the nave 62

33. Western doorways and porches 65

34. Side doorways of the church 67

35. The porch: altars in porches 68

36. Chambers above porches 71

37. Altars in towers: habitations in connexion with churches 73

38. Variety of position of the tower 75

39. The chancel arch 76

40. Enlargement of the chancel and architectural treatment 78

41. Fourteenth century chancels in Yorkshire and the northern midlands 80

42. Decline of chancel building in the fifteenth century: the laity and the nave 85

43. Sacristies 88

44. Squints, priests' doors, low side windows 90

45. Crypts and bone-holes 95