The Historical Geography of Europe, Vol. I, Text
CHAPTER IV.
THE DISMEMBERMENT OF THE EMPIRE.
§ 1. _The Later Geography of the Empire._
Changes under the Empire; loss of old divisions 73
New divisions of Italy under Augustus 74
Division of the Empire under Diocletian 74-75
The four Prætorian Prefectures 75
Prefecture of the East; its character 75-76
Its dioceses; the East; Egypt, Asia, Pontos 76
Diocese of Thrace; provinces of Scythia and Europa 76-77
Great cities of the Eastern prefecture 77
Prefecture of Illyricum; position of Greece 77-78
Dioceses of Macedonia and Dacia; province of Achaia 78
Prefecture of Italy; its extent 78
Dioceses of Italy, Illyricum, and Africa; greatness of Carthage 79
Prefecture of Gaul 79
Diocese of Spain; its African territory 79
Dioceses of Gaul and Britain; province of Valentia 79-80
§ 2. _The Division of the Empire._
Change in the position of Rome 80
Division of the Empire, A.D. 395 81
Rivalry with Parthia and Persia inherited by the Eastern Empire 81-82
Teutonic invasions; no Teutonic settlements in the East 82-83
§ 3. _The Teutonic Settlements within the Empire._
The Wandering of the Nations 83
New nomenclature of the Teutonic nations 83-84
Warfare on the Rhine and Danube; Roman outposts beyond the rivers 84
Teutonic confederations; Marcomanni; Quadi 84-85
Franks, Alemans, Saxons; Germans within the Empire 85-86
Beginning of national kingdoms 86
Loss of the Western provinces of Rome 86
Settlements within the Empire by land and by sea 87
Franks, Burgundians, Goths, Vandals 87-88
Early history of the Goths 88-89
The West-Gothic kingdom in Gaul and Spain 89-90
Alans, Suevi, Vandals; the Vandals in Africa 89-90
The Franks; use of the name _Francia_ 91
Alemans, Thuringians; Low-Dutch tribes 91
The Frankish dominions; Roman Germany Teutonized afresh; peculiar position of the Franks 91-93
Celtic remnant in Armorica or Britanny 93
The Burgundians; various uses of the name _Burgundy_; separate history of Provence 93-94
Inroads of the Huns; battle of Châlons; origin of Venice 94
Nominal reunion of the Empire in 476 94
Reigns of Odoacer and Theodoric 94-95
§ 4. _Settlement of the English in Britain._
Withdrawal of the Roman troops from Britain 95
Special character of the English Conquest of Britain 96
The Low-Dutch settlers, Angles, Saxons, Jutes; origin of the name _English_ 97
The Welsh and Scots 98
§ 5. _The Eastern Empire._
Comparison of the two Empires; no Teutonic settlements in the Eastern 98
The Tetraxite Goths 98
Rivalry with Parthia continued under the revived Persian kingdom 98-99
Position of Armenia 99
Momentary conquests of Trajan 99
Conquests of Marcus, Severus, and Diocletian; cessions of Jovian 100
Division of Armenia; Hundred Years’ Peace 100
Summary 101-102