Part 29

*_Moat._--An old path leads from the Swift River road to the summit of the South Peak. Another, from the clearings on an old road which extends along the base of the South Peak, leads to the top of the middle ridge; but the best path for tourists is the one from Diana's Baths, on Cedar Brook, following the stream to the foot of the ridge, thence over the ridge to the summit of the North Peak. Path well made, and plainly marked with signs and cairns; about 3-1/2 miles in length.

*_Middle Mountain, North Conway._--Beginning at the ice-ponds near Artists' Falls House, the path extends around the base of Peaked Mountain, thence to the bare ledges which reach to the summit. Distance, 1-5/8 miles. Path well marked, and the view very beautiful.

_Kearsarge, North Conway._--A bridle-path starts from a farm-house near Kearsarge Village, and extends to the summit. Distance, nearly 3 miles. Route plain, and not difficult.

*_Mount Bartlett._--The path starts near the Pequawket House, Lower Bartlett, follows old logging roads for some distance, runs thence directly to the summit. From the summit the path extends along the ridge until it joins the bridle-path to Kearsarge.

*_Carrigain._--The route leads from the mills at Livermore, which are reached by a road leaving the P. & O. R.R. at Livermore Station. From the mills, logging roads are followed--crossing Duck Pond and Carrigain Brooks--to the base; thence by a plain path through a fine forest to "Burnt Hat Ridge," from which it is only a short distance to the summit.

From mills to summit is about 5 miles. Station to mills, 2 miles.

*_Livermore-Waterville Path._--This is intended for a bridle-path. Starting from the mills at Livermore, a logging-road is followed nearly two miles on the southerly side of Sawyer's River. Here the path begins and runs along the north-west base of Green's Cliff, crosses Swift River at a beautiful fall, thence through the Notch south of Mount Kancamagus to Greeley's, in Waterville. The path is well marked by painted signs. Distance from Livermore to Swift River, 5 miles; to Greeley's, 12 miles.

*_Mount Willey._--Path leaves the P. & O. R.R. a little south of Willey Station. The rise is rapid until the Brook Kedron is reached; this brook is then followed to its source, thence the path leads direct to the summit. Distance, 1-1/2 miles. The climb is steep; but the view unsurpassed.

_Crawford Bridle-path_ leads from the Crawford House to the summit of Washington. Path is plain, and the travelling along the ridge is easy; but it is not in condition for horses. See pp. 325, 326.

*_Carter Notch._--Path begins near the end of the Wildcat Valley road, about 5-1/2 miles from Jackson; thence it follows the valley of the brook to the ponds in the Notch. From the ponds it follows Nineteen Mile Brook to the clearing back of the Glen House. The travelling is easy; the view in the Notch grand.

Distance from the road to the ponds, about 4 miles; from the ponds to the Glen House, about the same.

*_Carter Dome._--The path starts from the larger pond in the Notch, and is well marked to the summit. It is very steep, and about 1-1/2 miles in length.

_Great Gulf._--A path beginning near the Glen House goes through this gorge. From the end of the path the carriage-road or railroad on Mount Washington may be reached by a severe climb up the side of the ravine.

_Tuckerman's Ravine._--The Glen House path leaves the Mount Washington carriage-road about 2 miles up, then crosses through the forest to Hermit Lake.

*_Via Crystal Cascade._--The Mountain Club path begins about 3 miles from the Glen House, on the Jackson road, ascending the stream until it joins the Glen House path near Hermit Lake. Here the Club has a good camp for the use of travellers. Beyond, a single path extends to the Snow-field; and a feasible route has been marked with white paint on the rocks--up the head wall of the ravine, and thence to the summit.

*_Mount Adams._--This path starts opposite the residence of Charles E. Lowe, on the road from Jefferson Hill to Gorham, about 8-1/2 miles from either town, and climbs the steep spur forming one wall of King's Ravine, following over the ledges to the westerly peak, thence to the summit. Distance, about 4 miles. Nearly half way up the spur a good camp has been built for the use of climbers. The way over the ledges is marked by cairns. Mount Jefferson may be reached by turning to the right before reaching the summit of the westerly peak; Madison by turning to the left.

*_King's Ravine._--The path branches from the Mount Adams path about 1-1/2 miles from Lowe's. The bowlders in the Ravine are reached without great difficulty. From the bowlders up the head-wall, and through the gate-way, the climb is arduous; and the way is not very distinctly marked. From the gate-way, Madison and the several peaks of Adams may be reached.

_Mount Madison._--There are several routes up Madison, but the best is probably that leading up the ridge from "Dolly" Copp's, on the Old Pinkham Road. The climb is tedious, and the path somewhat overgrown. The Mountain Club will probably clear and keep this path in good condition.

*_Bridal Veil Falls._--Path starts from Horace Brooks's, on the road from Franconia to Easton--2 to 3 miles from Sugar Hill and Franconia Village. It follows an old road across the clearings to Copper-mine Brook, thence by the brook to the foot of the Falls. Distance, 2-1/2 miles from Brooks's. Walking easy.

The path to the Flume on Mount Kinsman leads from the same highway about a mile beyond Brooks's.

_Mount Lafayette._--The bridle-path begins near the Profile House, turning Eagle Cliff, and crossing over to the main ridge. It leads nearly to the summit of the ridge, thence across the col by the lakes, and up the main peak. Distance, 3-1/2 to 3-3/4 miles.

_Mount Cannon._--The path enters the forest near the cottages in front of the Profile House. The summit is reached by a steep climb of 1-1/2 miles. The Cannon Rock is a short distance down the mountain-side, to the left of the path as it emerges from the forest; the forehead rock of the Profile can be reached by bearing down the mountain diagonally to the right from Cannon Rock until the edge of the cliff is reached. It is a hard scramble to the latter.

_Black Mountain, Waterville._--The new path leaves the highway 2 miles below Greeley's, near Drake's Brook. It runs near the edge of the ravine of Drake's Brook, crosses the ridge between Noon and Jennings' Peaks--to each of which a branch path leads--thence up the northerly slope of the main summit. Distance from the road to the summit is 3-1/4 miles. The views are very fine, and the climb easy for ordinary walkers.

_Osceola._--Path leaves the Greeley-pond path beyond the saw-mill above Greeley's, bearing to the left. Ascent easy. Distance, about 4 miles.

_Tecumseh._--Path branches from the Osceola path at the crossing of the west branch of Mad River, 7/8 of a mile from Greeley's. The grade is easy, except for a short distance near the summit. Distance from Greeley's, 3 miles.

_Tri-Pyramid._--The great slide on Tri-Pyramid may be reached from Greeley's by a path across the pasture to the right from the rear of the house, thence about 1-1/2 miles through fine old woods to a deserted clearing known as Beckytown. From here the stream may be followed by clambering over the _débris_ of the slide nearly 2 miles to the base of the South Peak. The summit is reached by climbing to the apex of the slide, thence bearing up to the right a short distance through low woods.

*_Thornton-Warren Path._--This path was built to enable visitors in the Upper Pemigewasset Valley or in Warren to cross from one locality to the other, avoiding the long détour _via_ Plymouth. It starts from the Profile House stage-road at the junction of the Tannery road, in West Thornton, crosses Hubbard Brook at this point, and passes over a long stretch of pasture until the woods are reached. At this point, and at all doubtful points, signs have been placed. For much of the distance the path follows Hubbard Brook, and passes out through the Notch between Mounts Kineo and Cushman to an old road-way leading to clearings on Baker's River, near the mountain-houses at the foot of Mount Moosilauke.

Distance from the stage-road to the road-way in Warren, 8 miles. A permanent camp has been built half-way on Hubbard Brook.

A trail has been spotted from a point in the path about 1 mile north of the camp to the summit of Kineo.

INDEX.

Refer to a mountain, lake, or river, under its proper name, thus: Washington (Mount); Squam (Lake); Saco (River).

The abbreviations in parentheses show that the town or village is on the line of a railway: (E. R.R.) stands for Eastern; (P. & O.), Portland and Ogdensburg; (B., C., & M.), Boston, Concord, and Montreal; (G. T. R.), Grand Trunk; (Pass.), Passumpsic.

ADAMS, Mount, from North Conway, 55; from Thorn Hill, 122; from Wildcat Valley, 133; from Carter Dome, 142; from the Glen House, 145; from Mount Washington carriage-road, 181; ascent by King's Ravine, 298; ascent from Mount Washington, 312-315; the apex, 315; view from, 316.

Adirondacks, from Moosehillock, 273.

Agassiz, Mount, from Profile House Road, 249, 276.

Agiochook, or Agiockochook (Indian name for the White Mountains), 120.

Amherst, Sir Jeffrey (Gen.), in the French War, 259.

Ammonoosuc, Falls of, 304.

Ammonoosuc River, source of, 179.

Ammonoosuc Valley, from Mount Clinton, 98; at Bethlehem, 277; at Fabyan's, 300.

Androscoggin River, at Gorham, 170; at Berlin, 174; at Shelburne, 176; at Bethel, 177.

Appalachian Mountain Club, 62, 221.

Artists' Falls (North Conway), 46, 47.

Autumn foliage, 66, 67.

BAKER'S RIVER (branch of Pemigewasset, branch of the Merrimack), 210; falls on, 269.

Bald Mountain, an inferior summit of Chocorua, 26.

Ball, B. L., lost on Mount Washington, 186.

Bartlett Bowlder, 58.

Bartlett (P. & O. R.R.), mountains surrounding, 61, 62; ascent of Mount Carrigain from, 62-65.

Basin (Franconia Pass), 231.

Beecher's Cascade (near Crawford House), 89.

Belknap, Jeremy, D.D. (historian of New Hampshire), quoted, 69.

Belknap, Mount (Lake Winnipiseogee), 8.

Bemis, Dr. Samuel A., home of, 69, 70.

Berlin (G. T. R.), 172; the Falls, 174, 175.

Bethel, Maine (G. T. R.), 177.

Bethlehem (B., C., & M. R.R.), 276; admirable position of as a centre, 277; Bethlehem Street, 278, 279; fine views from, 280, 281; a sunset from the "Maplewood," 282-284; White Mountains from, 284; the Hermit, 286; the peddler, 288.

Bigelow's Lawn (Mount Washington), 198.

Black Mountain (Sandwich Dome), from West Campton, 216; Noon Peak, 220; from Waterville (Greeley's), 221.

Boott's Spur (Mount Washington), 146; from the plateau, 198.

Bourne, Lizzie, death of, on Mount Washington, 310.

Bridal Veil Falls (Mount Kinsman), 255.

Brown, George L. (painter), referred to, 253.

Buck-board wagon described, 273.

CAMPTON, 211; Campton Hollow, 214; West Campton, and view from, 215; Sanborn's, 216; annals of Campton, 216.

Campton Village (Pemigewasset Valley), 218.

Cannon (or Profile) Mountain, from West Campton, 215; from the clearing below the Profile, 231; remarkable profile on, 232; from Franconia, 252.

Carrigain, Mount, from Chocorua, 30; from Bartlett, 62; ascent from Bartlett, 62-64; view from summit, 64, 65.

Carrigain Notch, from Mount Chocorua, 30; from Mount Carrigain, 64.

Carter Dome, 133; the Pulpit, 136; ascent of, and view from, 140, 141.

Carter Mountains, from Gorham, 170.

Carter Notch, from Chocorua, 31; from North Conway, 40; from Thorn Hill, 122, 132; way into, from Jackson, 132; impressive desolation of the interior, 137; the Giants' Barricade, 137, 138; the lakes, 139; way out to Glen House, 143.

Castellated Ridge (Mount Jefferson), 314.

Cathedral (North Conway), 46.

Cathedral Ledge (North Conway), 41, 42.

Cathedral Woods (North Conway), 55.

Centre Harbor, approach to, by Lake Winnipiseogee, 8-10; settled, 10; route by stage to West Ossipee _via_ Sandwich and Tamworth, 18-21.

Chandler, Benjamin, lost on Mount Washington, 186.

Cherry Mountain (Valley of Israel's River), 291; Owl's Head, 292; road to Fabyan's, 300.

Chocorua, Lake, from the mountain, 29, 31, 32.

Chocorua (Sho'kor'ua), Mount, from Lake Winnipiseogee, 9; from Red Hill, 16; legend of, 21; ascent from Tamworth, 25-28; landscapes from, 29-31; from Mount Willard, 92.

Clay, Mount (next north of Washington), 169; ascent of, 312.

Clinton, Mount (near Crawford House), 97; view from summit, 100. (First mountain ascended by Crawford Path.)

Connecticut Ox-Bow, 256-258.

Conway, or Conway Corner (E. R.R.), superb view of the great chain from, 33.

Copp Farm (view-point for seeing "The Imp"), 165.

Copp, Nathaniel, his adventurous deer-hunt, 167.

Copper-mine Brook (branch of Gale River), 255.

Crawford, Abel, described, 70-72.

Crawford, Ethan Allen, 71, 72; his burial-place, 302.

Crawford bridle-path, opened, 89; march to the summit (_see_ Chapter X.); Mount Clinton first, 117; the crystal forests, 98; Liliputian wood, 99; fine view from summit, 100; frost-work, 100; Mount Pleasant next, 102; in a snow-storm, 102; crossing the ridge, 103; Oakes's Gulf, 103; Mount Franklin next, 103; (_water here_) weird objects by the way, 104; Mount Monroe next (two peaks, with shallow ponds near the path); the plateau, 105; base of the cone reached, 105; ascent of the cone, 107; the stone corral, 107; the summit, 108.

Crawford Glen (Saco Valley), 69.

Crawford House (summit of Crawford Notch), its surroundings, 87-94.

Crawford, Mount (Saco Valley, east side), 69; Davis Path to Mount Washington, 73; view of from Frankenstein Bridge, 74.

Crawford Notch (_see_ Great Notch of the White Mountains).

Crawford, T. J., opens a bridle-path to the summit, 89.

Crystal Cascade (Pinkham Notch), 149, 150.

DARTMOUTH, _see_ Jefferson.

Davis Path (to Mount Washington), 73; junction with Crawford Path, 198.

Deception, Mount (near Fabyan's), 300.

Destruction of mountain forests, 172.

Devil's Den (North Conway), 45, 46.

Diana's Baths (North Conway ), 46.

Douglass, William, M.D., quoted, on the origin of the name White Mountains, 121, _note_.

Dwight, Timothy, L.L.D., 71 (_see_ his "Travels in New England," and journeys through the mountains).

EAGLE CLIFF (Franconia Pass), from Flume House, 225; from Profile House, 238, 239; ascent by the bridle-path, 243; from Franconia, 254.

Eagle Lakes (Mount Lafayette), 244. (Also called Cloud Lakes.)

Eagle Mountain (Eagle Mountain House), Wildcat Valley, Jackson, 133.

Early settlements by white people, 216, 217, 293.

Echo Lake (Franconia Pass), 239.

Echo Lake (North Conway), 45.

Elephant's Head (Crawford Notch), 87.

Ellis River (branch of the Saco; rises in Pinkham Notch), _see_ Goodrich Falls, 125; Glen Ellis Falls, 151; incident connected with, 153.

Emerald Pool (near Glen House, Pinkham Notch), 147, 148.

Endicott Rock, a surveyor's monument at the outlet of Lake Winnipiseogee, 10.

FABYAN'S (B., C., & M. and P. & O. R.R.), view at, 300; Mount Washington Railway, 301; Eleazer Rosebrook and E. A. Crawford, 302, 303.

Fall of a Thousand Streams, 162.

Farmer, John (historian), quoted, 210.

Field, Darby, makes the first ascent of Mount Washington, 116-119; second ascent, 119, _see note_.

Flume (Franconia Pass), way to and description of, 226-228.

Flume Cascade, _see_ description by Dr. T. Dwight, in his "Travels in New England."

Flume House (Franconia Pass), 224.

Franconia Mountains, from West Campton, 215; from Bethlehem, 280; from Jefferson, 292.

Franconia Pass (Chapters II. and III., Third Journey), Flume House, 224; the Pool, 225; the Flume, 226; the Basin, 231; Mounts Cannon and Lafayette, 231, 232; the "Old Man," 232; Profile Lake, 232; Profile House, 237; Eagle Cliff, 238; Echo Lake, 239; sunset in the pass, 240; from Bethlehem heights, 279.

Franconia village (Iron Works), from Mount Lafayette, 243; general view of, 251; fine views in, 253, 254.

Frankenstein Cliff (Saco Valley), named, 73; appearance of, from the valley, 73, 74; the bridge, 74.

Fryeburg, Maine (P. & O. R.R.), 33-38.

GALE RIVER (branch of the Ammonoosuc, branch of the Connecticut), 243.

Garfield, Mount (_see_ Haystack), 284.

Giant's Stairs (Saco Valley, east side), 73; from Jackson, 123, 129.

Gibbs's Falls (near Crawford House), 97.

Glen Ellis Falls, 151, 152; legend of, 152.

Glen House, way to, by Jackson and Carter Notch, 131; its surroundings, 144; carriage-road to the summit, 144; Mount Washington from, 144, 145; Emerald Pool, 147, 148; Thompson's Falls, 146; Crystal Cascade, 149; Glen Ellis Falls, 151; Tuckerman's Ravine, 155; The Imp, 165; to or from Gorham, 165, 170; from Mount Washington carriage-road, 181.

Goodenow's, _see_ Sugar Hill.

Goodrich Falls (Ellis River), 125.

Gorham (G. T. R.), its situation, 169.

Grand Monadnock, from Red Hill, 17; from Mount Washington, 192.

Great Gulf, from Glen House, 165; from Mount Washington carriage-road, 181, 185; from Mount Clay, 313.

Great Notch of the White Mountains (Crawford Notch), from Mount Chocorua, 31; from Mount Carrigain, 64, 65; approach to, by the Saco Valley, 76; the mountains forming it, 77; Willey, or Notch House, 77; landslip of 1826, 79, 80; the Cascades, 84, 85, 89, 97; Gate of the Notch, 86; summit of the Notch (Crawford House), 86; Elephant's Head, 87; discovery of the Pass, 88, 89; the Notch from Mount Willard, 91; from Mount Clinton, 100.

Greeley's, _see_ Waterville.

Green Mountains, from Mount Washington, 190; from Moosehillock, 273.

Gyles, John (Capt.), quoted on the Indian name for the White Mountains, 120.

Hancock, Mount, from the Ellsworth road (Campton), 216; from Moosehillock, 272.

Hart's Ledge (Saco Valley, east side, near Bartlett), 62.

Haverhill (B., C., & M. R.R.), 257.

Hawthorne, Nathaniel, origin of his story of "The Great Carbuncle," 119; death of, 209; legend of "The Great Stone Face," 235.

Hayes, Mount (Gorham, New Hampshire), 169-171.

Haystack, Mount (now Mount Garfield), 254.

Hermit Lake (Tuckerman's Ravine, Mount Washington), 159.

Hitchcock, C. H. (geologist), 197.

Humphrey's Ledge (near Glen Station), 41.

Hunter, Harry W., lost on Mount Washington, 199, _note_.

Huntington's Ravine, from Carter Dome, 142.

Idlewild (near Crawford House), 89.

Imp, The (rock profile near Glen House), 166.

Indians, customs of mountain tribes, 10; Sokokis, or Pigwackets, or _Pequawkets_, destruction of by Love-well, 34-38; Indian names, 24, 25, _note_; superstitions regarding the high summits, traditions, etc. (_see_ Chapter I., Second Journey); attack Shelburne, 177; at Plymouth, 210; attack Dartmouth (Jefferson), 294.

Intervale (North Conway, E. R.R. and P. & O. R.R.), superb panorama from, 55-57; _see_ art. North Conway.

Israel's River (branch of the Connecticut), 291.

Jackson (_see_ Chapters II. and III., Second Journey), 122-143; how to get there from North Conway, 122; its topography, 123; Jackson Falls (on Wildcat River), 124; Fernald's Farm, 130; Wildcat Valley, 133; to Carter Notch, 133-140.

Jackson, C. T. (geologist), quoted, 197, _note_.

Jackson Falls (Wildcat River), 124.

Jefferson, Mount, from Jefferson Hill, 293; Ravine of the Cascades, 297; ascent from Mount Washington, 312; Ravine of the Castles, 313; Castellated Ridge, 314.

Jefferson (branch R.R. from Whitefield), 291; Jefferson Hill, 292; antecedents of, 293; Indian attack on, 294; East Jefferson, 295; to Randolph Hill, 297; to Fabyan's, 300.

Jockey Cap (Fryeburg, Maine), 34.

Josselyn, John (author of "New England's Rarities"), ascends Mount Washington, 119.

Kearsarge, Mount, from North Conway, 39, 40, 41; winter ascent of, 47-54; view from summit, 51, 52; from Bartlett, 62; from Carter Dome, 141.

King, Thomas Starr, tribute to, 294, 295.

King's Ravine (Mount Adams), from Randolph Hill, 298; from Mount Adams, 317.

Kinsman, Mount (next south of Cannon, Franconia group), 244, 252.

Lafayette, Mount, from West Campton, 215; _see_ Chapter III., Third Journey; Eagle Cliff, 238, 239; from Echo Lake, 240; ascent from the Profile House, 243-247; the Notch, 243; the ravines, 243-254; Eagle Lakes, 244; summit and view, 246, 247; from Franconia Iron Works, 252; from Newbury, Vermont, 258; from Bethlehem heights, 279.

Lake of the Clouds (Mount Washington), 198.

Lary's (Gorham, New Hampshire), 171.

Lead Mine Bridge (Shelburne, G. T. R.), grand view from, 175, 176.

Legends of General Hampton and the Devil, 11-14; of Mount Chocorua, 21-24; of Passaconnaway, 24, 25, _note_; Indian tradition of the Deluge, 114; the Indian's heaven, 115; the Great Carbuncle, 115; the war party and its prisoners, 127, 128; the youthful lovers, 128; of Glen Ellis Falls, 152; of the Silver Image, 263.

Lion's Head (Tuckerman's Ravine), 142, 146, 159.

Lisbon (B., C., & M. R.R.), discovery of gold ores in, 251.

Littleton (B., C., & M. R.R.), from Bethlehem, 279.

Livermore (P. & O. R.R.), Saco Valley, logging hamlet of, 63; way to the Pemigewasset, 221.

Livermore Falls (Pemigewasset River), 212.

Logging on the Androscoggin, 173, 174.

Lonesome Lake (Mount Kinsman), 244.

Long Island, Lake Winnipiseogee, east shore, 9.

Lovewell, John (captain of colonial rangers), battle with the Sokokis, 34-38.

Lovewell's Pond (scene of Lovewell's fight), 34.

Lowell, Mount (Saco Valley), slide on, 64.

MAD RIVER and Valley (branch of Pemigewasset), 218.

Madison, Mount (next north of Adams), 165.

Marsh, Sylvester, projector of Mount Washington railway, 301.

Merrimack River, source of, 65.

Moat Range, position of, 39; cliffs of, 40, 41, 44; the ascent, 47; from Jackson Falls, 124.

Monroe, Mount, from Tuckerman's Ravine, 160.

Moose River (branch of Androscoggin), 171.

Moosehillock, or Moosilauke, from Lake Winnipiseogee, 10; from Chocorua, 30; from Pemigewasset Valley, 223; from Newbury, Vermont, 258; _see_ Chapter VII., Third Journey, 269-275; how to reach the mountain, 269; the mountain's top, 271; view from, 273; from Bethlehem, 279.

Moriah, Mount (Carter Chain, near Gorham), 169.

Mountain Butterfly, 202.

NANCY'S BROOK (Saco Valley), story of, 67-69.

Newbury, Vermont (Pass. R.R.), 257.

Nineteen Mile Brook (branch of the Peabody River, a branch of the Androscoggin; rises in Carter Notch), 143.

North Conway (E. R.R. and P. & O. R.R.), topographical features of, 39-41; excursions from, 57; _see_ Intervale, White Horse Ledge, Cathedral Ledge, Humphrey's Ledge, Echo Lake, Diana's Baths, Artists' Falls, Kearsarge and Moat Mountains, etc.

OAKE'S GULF (in great range), 103.

Old Man of the Mountain (Franconia Pass), 231-236; legends of, 235.

Ossipee Mountains, from Lake Winnipiseogee, 8.

Owl's Head (Lake Memphremagog), from Moosehillock, 273; Cherry Mountain, 292.

PEABODY RIVER (branch of the Androscoggin; rises in Pinkham Notch), 144, 154, _note_.

Pemigewasset River, branch of Merrimack, 210; Livermore Falls, 211; East Branch, 223.

Pemigewasset, Mount (near Flume House), ascent and view, 229.

Pemigewasset Valley (Chapter I., Third Journey), 210-223; villages of, 212.

Pemigewasset Wilderness, way through, 221, 229.

Percy Peaks, 280, note.

Perkins Notch, position of, 133.

Pilot Mountains from Gorham, 170; origin of name, 170, 171.

Pine Mountain (Gorham, New Hampshire), 170.