CHAPTER IV.

Intellectual Stagnation--Saracens and Jews Revive Learning--University of Bagdad--Public Schools--Medical College of Cairo--Circulating Library--Modern Form of Books--Arabic Notation--Discoveries in Chemistry--Rotundity of the Earth--Mariner's Compass--Discoveries of Alhazin--Astronomical Observatories--Golden Age of Judaism--Cities of Andalusia--Saracen Dwellings--Condition of Women--Female Physicians.