CHAPTER XI.

Columbus Destroyed Papal Dogmas--Cruelty of Spaniards--Their Retribution--Relics in Massachusetts--Newport Tower--Mounds in Ohio--Remains Found in Iowa--Plates Found in Illinois--Ancient Mexican Pyramids--Human Sacrifices--View from the Great Pyramid--Ancient American Sculptures--Mammoths--Mexican Customs--Religious Rites--Computation of Time--Arts and Sciences--Description of Peru--Its Civilization--Massacre of the Incas--Testimony of Travellers--Indian Traditions.