Chapter 94

2. A small apartment for lodging or sleeping in the cabin, or on the deck, of a vessel; also, a somewhat similar apartment in a railway sleeping car.

States"-gen"er*al (?), n. 1. In France, before the Revolution, the assembly of the three orders of the kingdom, namely, the clergy, the nobility, and the third estate, or commonalty.

2. In the Netherlands, the legislative body, composed of two chambers.

States"man (?), n.; pl. Statesmen (&?;). 1. A man versed in public affairs and in the principles and art of government; especially, one eminent for political abilities.

The minds of some of our statesmen, like the pupil of the human eye, contract themselves the more, the stronger light there is shed upon them.

More.

2. One occupied with the affairs of government, and influental in shaping its policy.

3. A small landholder. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

States"man*like` (?), a. Having the manner or wisdom of statesmen; becoming a statesman.

States"man*ly, a. Becoming a statesman.

States"man*ship, n. The qualifications, duties, or employments of a statesman.

States"wom`an (?), n.; pl. Stateswomen (&?;). A woman concerned in public affairs.

A rare stateswoman; I admire her bearing.

B. Jonson.

Stath"mo*graph (?), n. [Gr. &?; a measuring line + -graph.] A contrivance for recording the speed of a railway train. Knight.

{ Stat"ic (?), Stat"ic*al (?), } a. [Gr. &?; causing to stand, skilled in weighing, fr. &?; to cause to stand: cf. F. statique. See Stand, and cf. Stage.] 1. Resting; acting by mere weight without motion; as, statical pressure; static objects.

2. Pertaining to bodies at rest or in equilibrium.

Statical electricity. See Note under Electricity, 1. -- Statical moment. See under Moment.

Stat"ic*al*ly, adv. In a statical manner.

Stat"ics (?), n. [Cf. F. statique, Gr. &?; the art of weighing, fr. &?;. See Static.] That branch of mechanics which treats of the equilibrium of forces, or relates to bodies as held at rest by the forces acting on them; -- distinguished from dynamics.

Social statics, the study of the conditions which concern the existence and permanence of the social state.

Stat"ing (?), n. The act of one who states anything; statement; as, the statingof one's opinions.

Sta"tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. statio, from stare, statum, to stand. See Stand.] 1. The act of standing; also, attitude or pose in standing; posture. [R.]

A station like the herald, Mercury.

Shak.

Their manner was to stand at prayer, whereupon their meetings unto that purpose . . . had the names of stations given them.

Hooker.

2. A state of standing or rest; equilibrium. [Obs.]

All progression is performed by drawing on or impelling forward some part which was before in station, or at quiet.

Sir T. Browne.

3. The spot or place where anything stands, especially where a person or thing habitually stands, or is appointed to remain for a time; as, the station of a sentinel. Specifically: (a) A regular stopping place in a stage road or route; a place where railroad trains regularly come to a stand, for the convenience of passengers, taking in fuel, moving freight, etc. (b) The headquarters of the police force of any precinct. (c) The place at which an instrument is planted, or observations are made, as in surveying. (d) (Biol.) The particular place, or kind of situation, in which a species naturally occurs; a habitat. (e) (Naut.) A place to which ships may resort, and where they may anchor safely. (f) A place or region to which a government ship or fleet is assigned for duty. (g) (Mil.) A place calculated for the rendezvous of troops, or for the distribution of them; also, a spot well adapted for offensive measures. Wilhelm (Mil. Dict.). (h) (Mining) An enlargement in a shaft or galley, used as a landing, or passing place, or for the accomodation of a pump, tank, etc.

4. Post assigned; office; the part or department of public duty which a person is appointed to perform; sphere of duty or occupation; employment.

By spending this day [Sunday] in religious exercises, we acquire new strength and resolution to perform God's will in our several stations the week following.

R. Nelson.

5. Situation; position; location.

The fig and date -- why love they to remain In middle station, and an even plain?

Prior.

6. State; rank; condition of life; social status.

The greater part have kept, I see, Their station.

Milton.

They in France of the best rank and station.

Shak.

7. (Eccl.) (a) The fast of the fourth and sixth days of the week, Wednesday and Friday, in memory of the council which condemned Christ, and of his passion. (b) (R. C. Ch.) A church in which the procession of the clergy halts on stated days to say stated prayers. Addis & Arnold. (c) One of the places at which ecclesiastical processions pause for the performance of an act of devotion; formerly, the tomb of a martyr, or some similarly consecrated spot; now, especially, one of those representations of the successive stages of our Lord's passion which are often placed round the naves of large churches and by the side of the way leading to sacred edifices or shrines, and which are visited in rotation, stated services being performed at each; -- called also Station of the cross. Fairholt.

Station bill. (Naut.) Same as Quarter bill, under Quarter. -- Station house. (a) The house serving for the headquarters of the police assigned to a certain district, and as a place of temporary confinement. (b) The house used as a shelter at a railway station. -- Station master, one who has charge of a station, esp. of a railway station. -- Station pointer (Surv.), an instrument for locating on a chart the position of a place from which the angles subtended by three distant objects, whose positions are known, have been observed. -- Station staff (Surv.), an instrument for taking angles in surveying. Craig.

Syn. -- Station, Depot. In the United States, a stopping place on a railway for passengers and freight is commonly called a depot: but to a considerable extent in official use, and in common speech, the more appropriate name, station, has been adopted.

Sta"tion (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stationed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stationing.] To place; to set; to appoint or assign to the occupation of a post, place, or office; as, to station troops on the right of an army; to station a sentinel on a rampart; to station ships on the coasts of Africa.

He gained the brow of the hill, where the English phalanx was stationed.

Lyttelton.

Sta"tion*al (?), a. [L. stationalis: cf. F. stationnale (église).] Of or pertaining to a station. [R.]

Sta"tion*a*ri*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being stationary; fixity.

Sta"tion*a*ry (?), a. [L. stationarius: cf. F. stationnaire. Cf. Stationer.] 1. Not moving; not appearing to move; stable; fixed.

Charles Wesley, who is a more stationary man, does not believe the story.

Southey.

2. Not improving or getting worse; not growing wiser, greater, better, more excellent, or the contrary.

3. Appearing to be at rest, because moving in the line of vision; not progressive or retrograde, as a planet.

Stationary air (Physiol.), the air which under ordinary circumstances does not leave the lungs in respiration. -- Stationary engine. (a) A steam engine thet is permanently placed, in distinction from a portable engine, locomotive, marine engine, etc. Specifically: (b) A factory engine, in distinction from a blowing, pumping, or other kind of engine which is also permanently placed.

Sta"tion*a*ry (?), n.; pl. -ries (&?;). One who, or that which, is stationary, as a planet when apparently it has neither progressive nor retrograde motion. Holland.

Sta"tion*er (?), n. [Cf. Stationary, a.] 1. A bookseller or publisher; -- formerly so called from his occupying a stand, or station, in the market place or elsewhere. [Obs.] Dryden.

2. One who sells paper, pens, quills, inkstands, pencils, blank books, and other articles used in writing.

Sta"tion*er*y (?), n. The articles usually sold by stationers, as paper, pens, ink, quills, blank books, etc.

Sta"tion*er*y, a. Belonging to, or sold by, a stationer.

Sta"tism (?), n. [From State.] The art of governing a state; statecraft; policy. [Obs.]

The enemies of God . . . call our religion statism.

South.

Sta"tist (?), n. [From State.] 1. A statesman; a politician; one skilled in government. [Obs.]

Statists indeed, And lovers of their country.

Milton.

2. A statistician. Fawcett.

{ Sta*tis"tic (?), Sta*tis"tic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. statistique.] Of or pertaining to statistics; as, statistical knowledge, statistical tabulation.

Sta*tis"tic*al*ly, adv. In the way of statistics.

Stat`is*ti"cian (?), n. [Cf. F. statisticien.] One versed in statistics; one who collects and classifies facts for statistics.

Sta*tis"tics (?), n. [Cf. F. statistique, G. statistik. See State, n.] 1. The science which has to do with the collection and classification of certain facts respecting the condition of the people in a state. [In this sense gramatically singular.]

2. pl. Classified facts respecting the condition of the people in a state, their health, their longevity, domestic economy, arts, property, and political strength, their resources, the state of the country, etc., or respecting any particular class or interest; especially, those facts which can be stated in numbers, or in tables of numbers, or in any tabular and classified arrangement.

Stat`is*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Statistics + -logy.] See Statistics, 2.

Sta"tive (?), a. [L. stativus, fr. stare, statum, to stand.] (Mil.) Of or pertaining to a fixed camp, or military posts or quarters. [Obs. or R.]

Stat"o*blast (?), n. [Gr. &?; standing (i. e., remaining) + -blast.] (Zoöl.) One of a peculiar kind of internal buds, or germs, produced in the interior of certain Bryozoa and sponges, especially in the fresh- water species; -- also called winter buds.

They are protected by a firm covering, and are usually destined to perpetuate the species during the winter season. They burst open and develop in the spring. In some fresh-water sponges they serve to preserve the species during the dry season. See Illust. under Phylactolæmata.

Sta*toc"ra*cy (?), n. [State + -cracy, as in democracy.] Government by the state, or by political power, in distinction from government by ecclesiastical power. [R.] O. A. Brownson.

Stat"u*a (?), n. [L.] A statue. [Obs.]

They spake not a word; But, like dumb statuas or breathing stones, Gazed each on other.

Shak.

Stat"u*a*ry (?), n.; pl. Statuaries (#). [L. statuarius, n., fr. statuarius, a., of or belonging to statues, fr. statua statue: cf. F. statuaire. See Statue.] 1. One who practices the art of making statues.

On other occasions the statuaries took their subjects from the poets.

Addison.

2. [L. statuaria (sc. ars): cf. F. statuaire.] The art of carving statues or images as representatives of real persons or things; a branch of sculpture. Sir W. Temple.

3. A collection of statues; statues, collectively.

Stat"ue (?), n. [F., fr. L. statua (akin to stativus standing still), fr. stare, statum, to stand. See Stand.] 1. The likeness of a living being sculptured or modeled in some solid substance, as marble, bronze, or wax; an image; as, a statue of Hercules, or of a lion.

I will raise her statue in pure gold.

Shak.

2. A portrait. [Obs.] Massinger.

Stat"ue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Statued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Statuing.] To place, as a statue; to form a statue of; to make into a statue. "The whole man becomes as if statued into stone and earth." Feltham.

Stat"ued (?), a. Adorned with statues. "The statued hall." Longfellow. "Statued niches." G. Eliot.

Stat"ue*less (?), a. Without a statue.

Stat"ue*like` (?), a. Like a statue; motionless.

Stat`u*esque" (?), a. Partaking of, or exemplifying, the characteristics of a statue; having the symmetry, or other excellence, of a statue artistically made; as, statuesquelimbs; a statuesque attitude.

Their characters are mostly statuesque even in this respect, that they have no background.

Hare.

Stat`u*esque"ly, adv. In a statuesque manner; in a way suggestive of a statue; like a statue.

A character statuesquely simple in its details.

Lowell.

Stat`u*ette" (?), n. [F., cf. It. statuetta.] A small statue; -- usually applied to a figure much less than life size, especially when of marble or bronze, or of plaster or clay as a preparation for the marble or bronze, as distinguished from a figure in terra cotta or the like. Cf. Figurine.

Sta*tu"mi*nate (?), v. t. [L. statuminatus, p. p. of statuminare to prop, fr. statumen a prop, fr. statuere to place.] To prop or support. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Stat"ure (?), n. [F. stature, OF. estature, from L. statura, originally, an upright posture, hence, height or size of the body, from stare, statum, to stand. See Stand.] The natural height of an animal body; -- generally used of the human body.

Foreign men of mighty stature came.

Dryden.

Stat"ured (?), a. Arrived at full stature. [R.]

||Sta"tus (?), n. [L.] State; condition; position of affairs.

{ ||Sta"tus in` quo" (?), ||Sta"tus quo" }. [L., state in which.] The state in which anything is already. The phrase is also used retrospectively, as when, on a treaty of place, matters return to the status quo ante bellum, or are left in statu quo ante bellum, i.e., the state (or, in the state) before the war.

Stat"u*ta*ble (?), a. 1. Made or introduced by statute; proceeding from an act of the legistature; as, a statutable provision or remedy.

2. Made or being in conformity to statute; standard; as, statutable measures.

Stat"u*ta*bly, adv. Conformably to statute.

Stat"ute (?), n. [F. statut, LL. statutum, from L. statutus, p. p. of statuere to set, station, ordain, fr. status position, station, fr. stare, statum, to stand. See Stand, and cf. Constitute, Destitute.] 1. An act of the legislature of a state or country, declaring, commanding, or prohibiting something; a positive law; the written will of the legislature expressed with all the requisite forms of legislation; -- used in distinction fraom common law. See Common law, under Common, a. Bouvier.

Statute is commonly applied to the acts of a legislative body consisting of representatives. In monarchies, legislature laws of the sovereign are called edicts, decrees, ordinances, rescripts, etc. In works on international law and in the Roman law, the term is used as embracing all laws imposed by competent authority. Statutes in this sense are divided into statutes real, statutes personal, and statutes mixed; statutes real applying to immovables; statutes personal to movables; and statutes mixed to both classes of property.

2. An act of a corporation or of its founder, intended as a permanent rule or law; as, the statutes of a university.

3. An assemblage of farming servants (held possibly by statute) for the purpose of being hired; -- called also statute fair. [Eng.] Cf. 3d Mop, 2. Halliwell.

Statute book, a record of laws or legislative acts. Blackstone. -- Statute cap, a kind of woolen cap; -- so called because enjoined to be worn by a statute, dated in 1571, in behalf of the trade of cappers. [Obs.] Halliwell. -- Statute fair. See Statute, n., 3, above. -- Statute labor, a definite amount of labor required for the public service in making roads, bridges, etc., as in certain English colonies. -- Statute merchant (Eng. Law), a bond of record pursuant to the stat. 13 Edw. I., acknowledged in form prescribed, on which, if not paid at the day, an execution might be awarded against the body, lands, and goods of the debtor, and the obligee might hold the lands until out of the rents and profits of them the debt was satisfied; -- called also a pocket judgment. It is now fallen into disuse. Tomlins. Bouvier. -- Statute mile. See under Mile. -- Statute of limitations (Law), a statute assigned a certain time, after which rights can not be enforced by action. -- Statute staple, a bond of record acknowledged before the mayor of the staple, by virtue of which the creditor may, on nonpayment, forthwith have execution against the body, lands, and goods of the debtor, as in the statute merchant. It is now disused. Blackstone.

Syn. -- Act; regulation; edict; decree. See Law.

<! p. 1407 !>

Stat"u*to*ry (?), a. Enacted by statute; depending on statute for its authority; as, a statutory provision.

{ Staunch (?), Staunch"ly, Staunch"ness, etc. } See Stanch, Stanchly, etc.

Stau"ro*lite (?), n. [Gr. &?; a cross + -lite.] (Min.) A mineral of a brown to black color occurring in prismatic crystals, often twinned so as to form groups resembling a cross. It is a silicate of aluminia and iron, and is generally found imbedded in mica schist. Called also granatite, and grenatite.

Stau`ro*lit"ic (?), a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to staurolite; resembling or containing staurolite.

Stau"ro*scope (?), n. [Gr. &?; a cross + -scope.] (Crystallog.) An optical instrument used in determining the position of the planes of light-vibration in sections of crystals.

Stau"ro*tide (?), n. [F. staurotide, from Gr. &?; cruciform (from Gr. &?; a cross) + &?; form.] (Min.) Staurolite.

Stave (?), n. [From Staff, and corresponding to the pl. staves. See Staff.] 1. One of a number of narrow strips of wood, or narrow iron plates, placed edge to edge to form the sides, covering, or lining of a vessel or structure; esp., one of the strips which form the sides of a cask, a pail, etc.

2. One of the cylindrical bars of a lantern wheel; one of the bars or rounds of a rack, a ladder, etc.

3. A metrical portion; a stanza; a staff.

Let us chant a passing stave In honor of that hero brave.

Wordsworth.

4. (Mus.) The five horizontal and parallel lines on and between which musical notes are written or pointed; the staff. [Obs.]

Stave jointer, a machine for dressing the edges of staves.

Stave, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Staved (?) or Stove (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Staving.] [From Stave, n., or Staff, n.] 1. To break in a stave or the staves of; to break a hole in; to burst; -- often with in; as, to stave a cask; to stave in a boat.

2. To push, as with a staff; -- with off.

The condition of a servant staves him off to a distance.

South.

3. To delay by force or craft; to drive away; -- usually with off; as, to stave off the execution of a project.

And answered with such craft as women use, Guilty or guilties, to stave off a chance That breaks upon them perilously.

Tennyson.

4. To suffer, or cause, to be lost by breaking the cask.

All the wine in the city has been staved.

Sandys.

5. To furnish with staves or rundles. Knolles.

6. To render impervious or solid by driving with a calking iron; as, to stave lead, or the joints of pipes into which lead has been run.

To stave and tail, in bear baiting, (to stave) to interpose with the staff, doubtless to stop the bear; (to tail) to hold back the dog by the tail. Nares.

Stave, v. i. To burst in pieces by striking against something; to dash into fragments.

Like a vessel of glass she stove and sank.

Longfellow.

Staves (?), n.; pl. of Staff. "Banners, scarves and staves." R. Browning. Also (stvz), pl. of Stave.

Staves"a`cre (?), n. [Corrupted from NL. staphis agria, Gr. &?; dried grape + &?; wild.] (Bot.) A kind of larkspur (Delphinium Staphysagria), and its seeds, which are violently purgative and emetic. They are used as a parasiticide, and in the East for poisoning fish.

Stave`wood` (?), n. (Bot.) A tall tree (Simaruba amara) growing in tropical America. It is one of the trees which yields quassia.

Stav"ing (?), n. A cassing or lining of staves; especially, one encircling a water wheel.

Staw (?), v. i. [Cf. Dan. staae to stand, Sw. stå. &radic;163.] To be fixed or set; to stay. [Prov. Eng.]

Stay (?), n. [AS. stæg, akin to D., G., Icel., Sw., & Dan. stag; cf. OF. estai, F. étai, of Teutonic origin.] (Naut.) A large, strong rope, employed to support a mast, by being extended from the head of one mast down to some other, or to some part of the vessel. Those which lead forward are called fore-and-aft stays; those which lead to the vessel's side are called backstays. See Illust. of Ship.

In stays, or Hove in stays (Naut.), in the act or situation of staying, or going about from one tack to another. R. H. Dana, Jr. -- Stay holes (Naut.), openings in the edge of a staysail through which the hanks pass which join it to the stay. -- Stay tackle (Naut.), a tackle attached to a stay and used for hoisting or lowering heavy articles over the side. -- To miss stays (Naut.), to fail in the attempt to go about. Totten. -- Triatic stay (Naut.), a rope secured at the ends to the heads of the foremast and mainmast with thimbles spliced to its bight into which the stay tackles hook.

Stay (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stayed (?) or Staid (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Staying.] [OF. estayer, F. étayer to prop, fr. OF. estai, F. étai, a prop, probably fr. OD. stade, staeye, a prop, akin to E. stead; or cf. stay a rope to support a mast. Cf. Staid, a., Stay, v. i.] 1. To stop from motion or falling; to prop; to fix firmly; to hold up; to support.

Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side.

Ex. xvii. 12.

Sallows and reeds . . . for vineyards useful found To stay thy vines.

Dryden.

2. To support from sinking; to sustain with strength; to satisfy in part or for the time.

He has devoured a whole loaf of bread and butter, and it has not staid his stomach for a minute.

Sir W. Scott.

3. To bear up under; to endure; to support; to resist successfully.

She will not stay the siege of loving terms, Nor bide the encounter of assailing eyes.

Shak.

4. To hold from proceeding; to withhold; to restrain; to stop; to hold.

Him backward overthrew and down him stayed With their rude hands grisly grapplement.

Spenser.

All that may stay their minds from thinking that true which they heartly wish were false.

Hooker.

5. To hinde&?;; to delay; to detain; to keep back.

Your ships are stayed at Venice.

Shak.

This business staid me in London almost a week.

Evelyn.

I was willing to stay my reader on an argument that appeared to me new.

Locke.

6. To remain for the purpose of; to wait for. "I stay dinner there." Shak.

7. To cause to cease; to put an end to.

Stay your strife.

Shak.

For flattering planets seemed to say This child should ills of ages stay.

Emerson.

8. (Engin.) To fasten or secure with stays; as, to stay a flat sheet in a steam boiler.

9. (Naut.) To tack, as a vessel, so that the other side of the vessel shall be presented to the wind.

To stay a mast (Naut.), to incline it forward or aft, or to one side, by the stays and backstays.

Stay (?), v. i. [&radic;163. See Stay to hold up, prop.] 1. To remain; to continue in a place; to abide fixed for a space of time; to stop; to stand still.

She would command the hasty sun to stay.

Spenser.

Stay, I command you; stay and hear me first.

Dryden.

I stay a little longer, as one stays To cover up the embers that still burn.

Longfellow.

2. To continue in a state.

The flames augment, and stay At their full height, then languish to decay.

Dryden.

3. To wait; to attend; to forbear to act.

I'll tell thee all my whole device When I am in my coach, which stays for us.

Shak.

The father can not stay any longer for the fortune.

Locke.

4. To dwell; to tarry; to linger.

I must stay a little on one action.

Dryden.

5. To rest; to depend; to rely; to stand; to insist.

I stay here on my bond.

Shak.

Ye despise this word, and trust in oppression and perverseness, and stay thereon.

Isa. xxx. 12.

6. To come to an end; to cease; as, that day the storm stayed. [Archaic]

Here my commission stays.

Shak.

7. To hold out in a race or other contest; as, a horse stays well. [Colloq.]

8. (Naut.) To change tack; as a ship.