Chapter 106

2. A beam or ray of light. "Sun streams." Chaucer.

3. Anything issuing or moving with continued succession of parts; as, a stream of words; a stream of sand. "The stream of beneficence." Atterbury. "The stream of emigration." Macaulay.

4. A continued current or course; as, a stream of weather. "The very stream of his life." Shak.

5. Current; drift; tendency; series of tending or moving causes; as, the stream of opinions or manners.

Gulf stream. See under Gulf. -- Stream anchor, Stream cable. (Naut.) See under Anchor, and Cable. -- Stream ice, blocks of ice floating in a mass together in some definite direction. -- Stream tin, particles or masses of tin ore found in alluvial ground; -- so called because a stream of water is the principal agent used in separating the ore from the sand and gravel. -- Stream works (Cornish Mining), a place where an alluvial deposit of tin ore is worked. Ure. -- To float with the stream, figuratively, to drift with the current of opinion, custom, etc., so as not to oppose or check it.

Syn. -- Current; flow; rush; tide; course. -- Stream, Current. These words are often properly interchangeable; but stream is the broader word, denoting a prevailing onward course. The stream of the Mississippi rolls steadily on to the Gulf of Mexico, but there are reflex currents in it which run for a while in a contrary direction.

Stream, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Streamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Streaming.] 1. To issue or flow in a stream; to flow freely or in a current, as a fluid or whatever is likened to fluids; as, tears streamed from her eyes.

Beneath those banks where rivers stream.

Milton.

2. To pour out, or emit, a stream or streams.

A thousand suns will stream on thee.

Tennyson.

3. To issue in a stream of light; to radiate.

4. To extend; to stretch out with a wavy motion; to float in the wind; as, a flag streams in the wind.

Stream, v. t. To send forth in a current or stream; to cause to flow; to pour; as, his eyes streamed tears.

It may so please that she at length will stream Some dew of grace into my withered heart.

Spenser.

2. To mark with colors or embroidery in long tracts.

The herald's mantle is streamed with gold.

Bacon.

3. To unfurl. Shak.

To stream the buoy. (Naut.) See under Buoy.

Stream"er (?), n. 1. An ensign, flag, or pennant, which floats in the wind; specifically, a long, narrow, ribbonlike flag.

Brave Rupert from afar appears, Whose waving streamers the glad general knows.

Dryden.

3. A stream or column of light shooting upward from the horizon, constituting one of the forms of the aurora borealis. Macaulay.

While overhead the North's dumb streamers shoot.

Lowell.

3. (Mining) A searcher for stream tin.

Stream"ful (?), a. Abounding in streams, or in water. "The streamful tide." Drayton.

Stream"i*ness (?), n. The state of being streamy; a trailing. R. A. Proctor.

Stream"ing, a. Sending forth streams.

Stream"ing, n. 1. The act or operation of that which streams; the act of that which sends forth, or which runs in, streams.

2. (Mining) The reduction of stream tin; also, the search for stream tin.

Stream"less, a. Destitute of streams, or of a stream, as a region of country, or a dry channel.

Stream"let (?), n. A small stream; a rivulet; a rill.

Stream"y (?), a. 1. Abounding with streams, or with running water; streamful.

Arcadia However streamy now, adust and dry, Denied the goddess water.

Prior.

2. Resembling a stream; issuing in a stream.

His nodding helm emits a streamy ray.

Pope.

Stree (?), n. Straw. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Streek (?), v. t. To stretch; also, to lay out, as a dead body. See Streak. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Streel (?), v. i. [Cf. Stroll.] To trail along; to saunter or be drawn along, carelessly, swaying in a kind of zigzag motion. [Colloq.] Thackeray.

Streen (?), n. See Strene. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Street (strt), n. [OE. strete, AS. strt, fr. L. strata (sc. via) a paved way, properly fem. p. p. of sternere, stratum, to spread; akin to E. strew. See Strew, and cf. Stratum, Stray, v. & a.] Originally, a paved way or road; a public highway; now commonly, a thoroughfare in a city or village, bordered by dwellings or business houses.

He removed [the body of] Amasa from the street unto the field.

Coverdale.

At home or through the high street passing.

Milton.

In an extended sense, street designates besides the roadway, the walks, houses, shops, etc., which border the thoroughfare.

His deserted mansion in Duke Street.

Macaulay.

The street (Broker's Cant), that thoroughfare of a city where the leading bankers and brokers do business; also, figuratively, those who do business there; as, the street would not take the bonds. -- Street Arab, Street broker, etc. See under Arab, Broker, etc. -- Street door, a door which opens upon a street, or is nearest the street.

Syn. -- See Way.

Street"walk`er (?), n. A common prostitute who walks the streets to find customers.

Street"ward` (?), n. An officer, or ward, having the care of the streets. [Obs.] Cowell.

Street"ward (?), a. Facing toward the street.

Their little streetward sitting room.

Tennyson.

Streight (?), a., n., & adv. See 2nd Strait. [Obs.]

Streight"en (?), v. t. See Straiten. [Obs.]

Strein (?), v. t. To strain. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Streit (?), a. [See Stretch.] Drawn. [Obs.]

Pyrrhus with his streite sword.

Chaucer.

Streit, a. Close; narrow; strict. [Obs.] See Strait.

Streite, adv. Narrowly; strictly; straitly. [Obs.]

Strel"itz (?), n. sing. & pl. [Russ. strieliéts' a shooter, archer.] A soldier of the ancient Muscovite guard or Russian standing army; also, the guard itself.

||Stre*litz"i*a (?), n. [NL., named after Charlotte, Princess of ||Mecklenburg-Strelitz, and queen of George III of Great Britain.] ||(Bot.) A genus of plants related to the banana, found at the Cape of ||Good Hope. They have rigid glaucous distichous leaves, and peculiar ||richly colored flowers.

Strene (?), n. [OE. stren, streen, streon, AS. gestriénan, gestr&?;nan, gestreónan, to beget, to obtain, gestreón gain, wealth; akin to OHG. striunan to gain. Cf. Strian race, family.] Race; offspring; stock; breed; strain. [Obs.] Chaucer.

{ Stren"ger (?), Stren"gest (?) }, the original compar. & superl. of Strong. [Obs.]

Two of us shall strenger be than one.

Chaucer.

Strength (?), n. [OE. strengthe, AS. strengðu, fr. strang strong. See Strong.] 1. The quality or state of being strong; ability to do or to bear; capacity for exertion or endurance, whether physical, intellectual, or moral; force; vigor; power; as, strength of body or of the arm; strength of mind, of memory, or of judgment.

All his [Samson's] strength in his hairs were.

Chaucer.

Thou must outlive Thy youth, thy strength, thy beauty.

Milton.

2. Power to resist force; solidity or toughness; the quality of bodies by which they endure the application of force without breaking or yielding; -- in this sense opposed to frangibility; as, the strength of a bone, of a beam, of a wall, a rope, and the like. "The brittle strength of bones." Milton.

3. Power of resisting attacks; impregnability. "Our castle's strength will laugh a siege to scorn." Shak.

4. That quality which tends to secure results; effective power in an institution or enactment; security; validity; legal or moral force; logical conclusiveness; as, the strength of social or legal obligations; the strength of law; the strength of public opinion; strength of evidence; strength of argument.

5. One who, or that which, is regarded as embodying or affording force, strength, or firmness; that on which confidence or reliance is based; support; security.

God is our refuge and strength.

Ps. xlvi. 1.

What they boded would be a mischief to us, you are providing shall be one of our principal strengths.

Sprat.

Certainly there is not a greater strength against temptation.

Jer. Taylor.

6. Force as measured; amount, numbers, or power of any body, as of an army, a navy, and the like; as, what is the strength of the enemy by land, or by sea?

7. Vigor or style; force of expression; nervous diction; -- said of literary work.

And praise the easy vigor of a life Where Denham's strength and Waller's sweetness join.

Pope.

8. Intensity; -- said of light or color.

Bright Phœbus in his strength.

Shak.

9. Intensity or degree of the distinguishing and essential element; spirit; virtue; excellence; -- said of liquors, solutions, etc.; as, the strength of wine or of acids.

10. A strong place; a stronghold. [Obs.] Shak.

On, or Upon, the strength of, in reliance upon. "The allies, after a successful summer, are too apt, upon the strength of it, to neglect their preparations for the ensuing campaign." Addison.

Syn. -- Force; robustness; toughness; hardness; stoutness; brawniness; lustiness; firmness; puissance; support; spirit; validity; authority. See Force.

Strength, v. t. To strengthen. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Strength"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Strengthened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Strengthening.] 1. To make strong or stronger; to add strength to; as, to strengthen a limb, a bridge, an army; to strengthen an obligation; to strengthen authority.

Let noble Warwick, Cobham, and the rest, . . . With powerful policy strengthen themselves.

Shak.

2. To animate; to encourage; to fix in resolution.

Charge Joshua, and encourage him, and strengthen him.

Deut. iii. 28.

Syn. -- To invigorate; confirm; establish; fortify; animate; encourage.

Strength"en (?), v. i. To grow strong or stronger.

The young disease, that must subdue at length, Grows with his growth, and strengthens with his strength.

Pope.

Strength"en*er (?), n. One who, or that which, gives or adds strength. Sir W. Temple.

Strength"en*ing, a. That strengthens; giving or increasing strength. -- Strength"en*ing*ly, adv.

Strengthening plaster (Med.), a plaster containing iron, and supposed to have tonic effects.

Strength"ful (?), a. Abounding in strength; full of strength; strong. -- Strength"ful*ness, n.

Florence my friend, in court my faction Not meanly strengthful.

Marston.

Strength"ing, n. A stronghold. [Obs.]

Strength"less, a. Destitute of strength. Boyle.

Strength"ner (?), n. See Strengthener.

Strength"y (?), a. Having strength; strong. [Obs.]

Stre*nu"i*ty (?), n. [L. strenuatis.] Strenuousness; activity. [Obs.] Chapman.

Stren"u*ous (?), a. [L. strenuus; cf. Gr. &?; strong, hard, rough, harsh.] Eagerly pressing or urgent; zealous; ardent; earnest; bold; valiant; intrepid; as, a strenuous advocate for national rights; a strenuous reformer; a strenuous defender of his country.

And spirit-stirring wine, that strenuous makes.

Chapman.

Strenuous, continuous labor is pain.

I. Taylor.

-- Stren"u*ous*ly, adv. -- Stren"u*ous*ness, n.

Strep"ent (?), a. [L. strepens, p. pr. of strepere to make a noise.] Noisy; loud. [R.] Shenstone.

Strep"er*ous (?), a. [LL. streperus, fr. L. strepere. See Strepent, and cf. Obstreperous.] Loud; boisterous. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

||Strep`i*to"res (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. strepitus clamor.] (Zoöl.) A ||division of birds, including the clamatorial and picarian birds, ||which do not have well developed singing organs.

{ Strep*sip"ter (?), Strep*sip"ter*an (?) }, n. (Zoöl.) One of the Strepsiptera.

||Strep*sip"te*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a turning (fr. &?; to ||twist) + &?; a wing.] (Zoöl.) A group of small insects having the ||anterior wings rudimentary, and in the form of short and slender ||twisted appendages, while the posterior ones are large and ||membranous. They are parasitic in the larval state on bees, wasps, ||and the like; -- called also Rhipiptera. See Illust. under Rhipipter.

Strep*sip"ter*ous (?), a. [See Strepsiptera.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to Strepsiptera.

||Strep`so*rhi"na (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a turning + &?;, &?;, ||the nose.] (Zoöl.) Same as Lemuroidea.

Strep"so*rhine (?), a. (Zoöl.) Having twisted nostrils; -- said of the lemurs. -- n. (Zoöl.) One of the Strepsorhina; a lemur. See Illust. under Monkey.

||Strep`to*bac*te"ri*a (?), n. pl.; sing. Streptobracterium (&?;). ||[NL., fr. Gr. &?; pliant, bent + E. & NL. bacteria.] (Biol.) A so- ||called variety of bacterium, consisting in reality of several ||bacteria linked together in the form of a chain.

||Strep`to*coc"cus (?), n.; pl. Streptococci (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; ||pliant, curved + &?; a grain, seed.] (Biol.) A long or short chain of ||micrococci, more or less curved.

||Strep`to*neu"ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; curved + &?; a sinew.] ||(Zoöl.) An extensive division of gastropod Mollusca in which the loop ||or visceral nerves is twisted, and the sexes separate. It is nearly ||to equivalent to Prosobranchiata.

||Strep"to*thrix (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; pliant, bent + &?; a hair.] ||(Biol.) A genus of bacilli occurring of the form of long, smooth and ||apparently branched threads, either straight or twisted.

Stress (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. distress; or cf. OF. estrecier to press, pinch, (assumed) LL. strictiare, fr. L. strictus. See Distress.] 1. Distress. [Obs.]

Sad hersal of his heavy stress.

Spenser.

2. Pressure, strain; -- used chiefly of immaterial things; except in mechanics; hence, urgency; importance; weight; significance.

The faculties of the mind are improved by exercise, yet they must not be put to a stress beyond their strength.

Locke.

A body may as well lay too little as too much stress upon a dream.

L'Estrange.

3. (Mech. & Physics) The force, or combination of forces, which produces a strain; force exerted in any direction or manner between contiguous bodies, or parts of bodies, and taking specific names according to its direction, or mode of action, as thrust or pressure, pull or tension, shear or tangential stress. Rankine.

Stress is the mutual action between portions of matter.

Clerk Maxwell.

4. (Pron.) Force of utterance expended upon words or syllables. Stress is in English the chief element in accent and is one of the most important in emphasis. See Guide to pronunciation, §§ 31-35.

5. (Scots Law) Distress; the act of distraining; also, the thing distrained.

Stress of voice, unusual exertion of the voice. -- Stress of weather, constraint imposed by continued bad weather; as, to be driven back to port by stress of weather. -- To lay stress upon, to attach great importance to; to emphasize. "Consider how great a stress is laid upon this duty." Atterbury. -- To put stress upon, or To put to a stress, to strain.

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Stress (?), v. t. 1. To press; to urge; to distress; to put to difficulties. [R.] Spenser.

2. To subject to stress, pressure, or strain.

Stress"ful (?), a. Having much stress. Rush.

Stretch (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stretched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stretching.] [OE. strecchen, AS. streccan; akin to D. strekken, G. strecken, OHG. strecchen, Sw. sträcka, Dan. strække; cf. AS. stræck, strec, strong, violent, G. strack straight; of uncertain origin, perhaps akin to E. strong. Cf. Straight.] 1. To reach out; to extend; to put forth.

And stretch forth his neck long and small.

Chaucer.

I in conquest stretched mine arm.

Shak.

2. To draw out to the full length; to cause to extend in a straight line; as, to stretch a cord or rope.

3. To cause to extend in breadth; to spread; to expand; as, to stretch cloth; to stretch the wings.

4. To make tense; to tighten; to distend forcibly.

The ox hath therefore stretched his yoke in vain.

Shak.

5. To draw or pull out to greater length; to strain; as, to stretch a tendon or muscle.

Awake, my soul, stretch every nerve.

Doddridge.

6. To exaggerate; to extend too far; as, to stretch the truth; to stretch one's credit.

They take up, one day, the most violent and stretched prerogative.

Burke.

Stretch, v. i. 1. To be extended; to be drawn out in length or in breadth, or both; to spread; to reach; as, the iron road stretches across the continent; the lake stretches over fifty square miles.

As far as stretcheth any ground.

Gower.

2. To extend or spread one's self, or one's limbs; as, the lazy man yawns and stretches.

3. To be extended, or to bear extension, without breaking, as elastic or ductile substances.

The inner membrane . . . because it would stretch and yield, remained umbroken.

Boyle.

4. To strain the truth; to exaggerate; as, a man apt to stretch in his report of facts. [Obs. or Colloq.]

5. (Naut.) To sail by the wind under press of canvas; as, the ship stretched to the eastward. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Stretch out, an order to rowers to extend themselves forward in dipping the oar.

Stretch, n. 1. Act of stretching, or state of being stretched; reach; effort; struggle; strain; as, a stretch of the limbs; a stretch of the imagination.

By stretch of arms the distant shore to gain.

Dryden.

Those put a lawful authority upon the stretch, to the abuse of yower, under the color of prerogative.

L'Estrange.

2. A continuous line or surface; a continuous space of time; as, grassy stretches of land.

A great stretch of cultivated country.

W. Black.

But all of them left me a week at a stretch.

E. Eggleston.

3. The extent to which anything may be stretched.

Quotations, in their utmost stretch, can signify no more than that Luther lay under severe agonies of mind.

Atterbury.

This is the utmost stretch that nature can.

Granville.

4. (Naut.) The reach or extent of a vessel's progress on one tack; a tack or board.

5. Course; direction; as, the stretch of seams of coal.

To be on the stretch, to be obliged to use one's utmost powers. -- Home stretch. See under Home, a.

Stretch"er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, stretches.

2. (Masonry) A brick or stone laid with its longer dimension in the line of direction of the wall. Gwilt.

3. (Arch.) A piece of timber used in building.

4. (Naut.) (a) A narrow crosspiece of the bottom of a boat against which a rower braces his feet. (b) A crosspiece placed between the sides of a boat to keep them apart when hoisted up and griped. Dana.

5. A litter, or frame, for carrying disabled, wounded, or dead persons.

6. An overstretching of the truth; a lie. [Slang]

7. One of the rods in an umbrella, attached at one end to one of the ribs, and at the other to the tube sliding upon the handle.

8. An instrument for stretching boots or gloves.

9. The frame upon which canvas is stretched for a painting.

Stretch"ing (?), a. & n. from Stretch, v.

Stretching course (Masonry), a course or series of stretchers. See Stretcher, 2. Britton.

||Stret"to (?), n. [It., close or contacted, pressed.] (Mus.) (a) The ||crowding of answer upon subject near the end of a fugue. (b) In an ||opera or oratorio, a coda, or winding up, in an accelerated time. ||[Written also stretta.]

Strew (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Strewed (?); p. p. strewn (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Strewing.] [OE. strewen, strawen, AS. strewian, streówian; akin to Ofries. strewa, OS. strewian, D. strooijen, G. streuen, OHG. strewen, Icel. str, Sw. strö, Dan. ströe, Goth. straujan, L. sternere, stratum, Gr. &?;, &?;, Skr. st&?;. &radic;166. Cf. Stratum, Straw, Street.] 1. To scatter; to spread by scattering; to cast or to throw loosely apart; -- used of solids, separated or separable into parts or particles; as, to strew seed in beds; to strew sand on or over a floor; to strew flowers over a grave.

And strewed his mangled limbs about the field.

Dryden.

On a principal table a desk was open and many papers [were] strewn about.

Beaconsfield.

2. To cover more or less thickly by scattering something over or upon; to cover, or lie upon, by having been scattered; as, they strewed the ground with leaves; leaves strewed the ground.

The snow which does the top of Pindus strew.

Spenser.

Is thine alone the seed that strews the plain?

Pope.

3. To spread abroad; to disseminate.

She may strew dangerous conjectures.

Shak.

Strew"ing (?), n. 1. The act of scattering or spreading.

2. Anything that is, or may be, strewed; -- used chiefly in the plural. Shak.

Strew"ment (?), n. Anything scattered, as flowers for decoration. [Obs.] Shak.

Strewn (?), p. p. of Strew.

Stri"a (?), n.; pl. Striæ (#). [L., a furrow, channel, hollow.] 1. A minute groove, or channel; a threadlike line, as of color; a narrow structural band or line; a striation; as, the striæ, or groovings, produced on a rock by a glacier passing over it; the striæ on the surface of a shell; a stria of nervous matter in the brain.

2. (Arch.) A fillet between the flutes of columns, pilasters, or the like. Oxf. Gloss.

Stri"ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Striated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Striating.] [See Striate, a.] To mark with striaæ. "Striated longitudinally." Owen.

{ Stri"ate (?), Stri"a*ted (?), } a. [L. striatus, p. p. of striare to furnish with channels, from stria a channel.] Marked with striaæ, or fine grooves, or lines of color; showing narrow structural bands or lines; as, a striated crystal; striated muscular fiber.

Stri*a"tion (?), n. 1. The quality or condition of being striated.

2. A stria; as, the striations on a shell.

||Stri*a"tum (?), n. [NL.] (Anat.) The corpus striatum.

Stri"a*ture (?), n. [L. striatura.] A stria.

Strich (?), n. [Cf. L. strix, strigs, a streech owl.] (Zoöl.) An owl. [Obs.] Spenser.

Strick, n. A bunch of hackled flax prepared for drawing into slivers. Knight.

Strick"en (?), p. p. & a. from Strike. 1. Struck; smitten; wounded; as, the stricken deer. [See Strike, n.]

2. Worn out; far gone; advanced. See Strike, v. t., 21.

Abraham was old and well stricken in age.

Gen. xxiv. 1.

3. Whole; entire; -- said of the hour as marked by the striking of a clock. [Scot.]

He persevered for a stricken hour in such a torrent of unnecessary tattle.

Sir W. Scott.

Speeches are spoken by the stricken hour, day after day, week, perhaps, after week.

Bayne.

Stric"kle (?), n. [See Strike.] 1. An instrument to strike grain to a level with the measure; a strike.

2. An instrument for whetting scythes; a rifle.

3. (Founding) An instrument used for smoothing the surface of a core.

4. (Carp. & Mason.) A templet; a pattern.

5. An instrument used in dressing flax. [Prov. Eng.]

Stric"kler (?), n. See Strickle.

Strick"less, n. See Strickle. [Prov. Eng.]

Strict (?), a. [Compar. Stricter (?); superl. Strictest.] [L. strictus, p. p. of stringere to draw or bind tight, to strain. See Strain, and cf. Strait, a.] 1. Strained; drawn close; tight; as, a strict embrace; a strict ligature. Dryden.

2. Tense; not relaxed; as, a strict fiber.

3. Exact; accurate; precise; rigorously nice; as, to keep strict watch; to pay strict attention. Shak.

It shall be still in strictest measure.

Milton.

4. Governed or governing by exact rules; observing exact rules; severe; rigorous; as, very strict in observing the Sabbath. "Through the strict senteries." Milton.

5. Rigidly; interpreted; exactly limited; confined; restricted; as, to understand words in a strict sense.

6. (Bot.) Upright, or straight and narrow; -- said of the shape of the plants or their flower clusters.

Syn. -- Exact; accurate; nice; close; rigorous; severe. -- Strict, Severe. Strict, applied to a person, denotes that he conforms in his motives and acts to a principle or code by which he is bound; severe is strict with an implication often, but not always, of harshness. Strict is opposed to lax; severe is opposed to gentle.

And rules as strict his labored work confine, As if the Stagirite o'erlooked each line.

Pope.

Soon moved with touch of blame, thus Eve: - "What words have passed thy lips, Adam severe!"

Milton.

The Strict Observance, or Friars of the Strict Observance. (R. C. Ch.) See Observance.

Stric"tion (?), n. [L. strictio. See Stringent.] The act of constricting, or the state of being constricted.

Line of striction (Geom.), the line on a skew surface that cuts each generator in that point of it that is nearest to the succeeding generator.

Strict"ly, adv. In a strict manner; closely; precisely.

Strict"ness, n. Quality or state of being strict.