Chapter 48

Rope (?), n. [AS. rp; akin to D. reep, G. reif ring hoop, Icel. reip rope, Sw. rep, Dan. reb, reeb Goth. skaudaraip latchet.] 1. A large, stout cord, usually one not less than an inch in circumference, made of strands twisted or braided together. It differs from cord, line, and string, only in its size. See Cordage.

2. A row or string consisting of a number of things united, as by braiding, twining, etc.; as, a rope of onions.

3. pl. The small intestines; as, the ropes of birds.

Rope ladder, a ladder made of ropes. -- Rope mat., a mat made of cordage, or strands of old rope. -- Rope of sand, something of no cohession or fiber; a feeble union or tie; something not to be relied upon. -- Rope pump, a pump in which a rapidly running endless rope raises water by the momentum communicated to the water by its adhesion to the rope. -- Rope transmission (Mach.), a method of transmitting power, as between distant places, by means of endless ropes running over grooved pulleys. -- Rope's end, a piece of rope; especially, one used as a lash in inflicting punishment. -- To give one rope, to give one liberty or license; to let one go at will uncheked.

Rope (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Roped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Roping.] To be formed into rope; to draw out or extend into a filament or thread, as by means of any glutinous or adhesive quality.

Let us not hang like ropingicicles Upon our houses' thatch.

Shak.

Rope, v. t. 1. To bind, fasten, or tie with a rope or cord; as, to rope a bale of goods. Hence: --

2. To connect or fasten together, as a party of mountain climbers, with a rope.

3. To partition, separate, or divide off, by means of a rope, so as to include or exclude something; as, to rope in, or rope off, a plot of ground; to rope out a crowd.

4. To lasso (a steer, horse). [Colloq. U.S.]

5. To draw, as with a rope; to entice; to inveigle; to decoy; as, to rope in customers or voters. [Slang, U.S.]

6. To prevent from winning (as a horse), by pulling or curbing. [Racing Slang, Eng.]

Rope"band` (?), n. (Naut.) A small piece of spun yarn or marline, used to fasten the head of the sail to the spar. [Written also roband, and robbin.]

Rope"dan`cer (?), n. One who dances, walks, or performs acrobatic feats, on a rope extended through the air at some height. -- Rope"dan`cing, n.

Rop"er (?), n. 1. A maker of ropes. P. Plowman.

2. One who ropes goods; a packer.

3. One fit to be hanged. [Old Slang] Douce.

Rop"er*y (?), n. 1. A place where ropes are made.

2. Tricks deserving the halter; roguery. [Obs.] "Saucy merchant . . . so full of his ropery." Shak.

Rope's"-end` (?), v. t. To punish with a rope's end.

Rope"walk` (?), a. A long, covered walk, or a low, level building, where ropes are manufactured.

Rope"walk`er (?), n. A ropedancer.

Rope"-yarn` (?), n. the yarn or thread of any stuff of which the strands of a rope are made.

Rop"i*ly (?), adv. In a ropy manner; in a viscous or glutinous manner.

Rop"i*ness, n. Quality of being ropy; viscosity.

Rop"ish, a. Somewhat ropy.

Rop"y (?), a. capable of being drawn into a thread, as a glutinous substance; stringy; viscous; tenacious; glutinous; as ropy sirup; ropy lees.

Roq"ue*laure (?; 277), n. [F.; so called after Duc de Roquelaure, in the reign of Louis XIV.] A cloak reaching about to, or just below, the knees, worn in the 18th century. [Written also roquelo.]

Ro*quet" (?), v. t. [Etymol. uncertain] (Croquet) To hit, as another's ball, with one's own ball.

Ro*quet", v. i. To hit another's ball with one's own.

Ro"ral (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew.] Of or pertaining to dew; consisting of dew; dewy. [R.] M. Green.

Ro*ra"tion (?), n. [L. roratio, fr. rorare to drop dew, fr. ros dew.] A falling of dew. [R.]

Ro"ric (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew.] Of or pertaining to dew; resembling dew; dewy.

Roric figures (Physics), figures which appear upon a polished surface, as glass, when objects which have been near to, or in contact with, the surface are removed and the surface breathed upon; -- called also Moser's images.

Ro"rid (?), a. [L. roridus, fr. ros, roris, dew.] Dewy; bedewed. [R.] T. Granger.

Ro*rif"er*ous (?), a. [L. rorifer; ros, roris, dew + ferre to bear: cf. F. rorifère.] generating or producing dew. [R.]

Ro*rif"lu*ent (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew + fluens, p. pr. of fluere to flow.] Flowing with dew. [R.]

Ror"qual (?), n. [Norw. rorqualus a whale with folds.] (Zoöl.) A very large North Atlantic whalebone whale (Physalus antiquorum, or Balænoptera physalus). It has a dorsal fin, and strong longitudinal folds on the throat and belly. Called also razorback.

It is one of the largest of the whales, somethimes becoming nearly one hundred feet long, but it is more slender than the right whales, and is noted for its swiftness. The name is sometimes applied to other related species of finback whales.

Ro"ru*lent (?), a. [L. rorulentus, from ros, roris, dew.] 1. Full of, or abounding in, dew. [R.]

2. (Zoöl.) Having the surface appearing as if dusty, or covered with fine dew.

Ro"ry (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew.] Dewy. [R.]

And shook his wings with rory May-dew wet.

Fairfax.

Ro*sa"ceous (?), a. [L. rosaceus, fr. rosa rose.] 1. (Bot.) (a) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Rosaceæ) of which the rose is the type. It includes also the plums and cherries, meadowsweet, brambles, the strawberry, the hawthorn, applies, pears, service trees, and quinces. (b) Like a rose in shape or appearance; as, a rosaceous corolla.

2. Of a pure purpish pink color.

Ro*sac"ic (?), a. [See Rosaceous.] (Old med. Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (called also lithic acid) found in certain red precipitates of urine. See Uric. [Obs.]

Ro*sal"gar (?), n. realgar. [Obs.] chaucer.

||Ro*sa"li*a (?), n. [Cf. F. rosalie.] (Mus.) A form of melody in which ||a phrase or passage is successively repeated, each time a step or ||half step higher; a melodic sequence.

Ros*an"i*line (? or ?), n. [Rose + aniline.] (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous base, C20H21N3O, obtained by oxidizing a mixture of aniline and toluidine, as a colorless crystalline substance which forms red salts. These salts are essential components of many of the socalled aniline dyes, as fuchsine, aniline red, etc. By extension, any one of the series of substances derived from, or related to, rosaniline proper.

Ro*sa"ri*an (?), n. A cultivator of roses.

Ro"sa*ry (?), n.; pl. Rosaries (#). [LL. rosarium a string of beads, L. rosarium a place planted with roses, rosa a rose: cf. F. rosaire. See Rose.] 1. A bed of roses, or place where roses grow. "Thick rosaries of scented thorn." Tennyson.

2. (R.C.Ch.) A series of prayers (see Note below) arranged to be recited in order, on beads; also, a string of beads by which the prayers are counted.

His idolized book, and the whole rosary of his prayers.

Milton.

A rosary consists of fifteen decades. Each decade contains ten Ave Marias marked by small beads, preceded by a Paternoster, marked by a larger bead, and concluded by a Gloria Patri. Five decades make a chaplet, a third part of the rosary. Bp. Fitzpatrick.

3. A chapelet; a garland; a series or collection, as of beautiful thoughts or of literary selections.

Every day propound to yourself a rosary or chaplet of good works to present to God at night.

Jer. Taylor.

4. A coin bearing the figure of a rose, fraudulently circulated in Ireland in the 13th century for a penny.

Rosary shell (Zoöl.), any marine gastropod shell of the genus Monodonta. They are top-shaped, bright-colored and pearly.

Ros"cid (?), a. [L. roscidus, fr. ros, roris, dew.] Containing, or consisting of, dew; dewy. [R.] Bacon.

Ros"coe*lite (?), n. [From an English chemist, H.E. Roscoe + -lite.] (Min.) A green micaceous mineral occurring in minute scales. It is essentially a silicate of aluminia and potash containing vanadium.

Rose (?), imp. of Rise.

Rose, n. [AS. rose, L. rosa, probably akin to Gr. &?;, Armor. vard, OPer. vareda; and perhaps to E. wort: cf. F. rose, from the Latin. Cf. Copperas, Rhododendron.] 1. A flower and shrub of any species of the genus Rosa, of which there are many species, mostly found in the morthern hemispere

Roses are shrubs with pinnate leaves and usually prickly stems. The flowers are large, and in the wild state have five petals of a color varying from deep pink to white, or sometimes yellow. By cultivation and hybridizing the number of petals is greatly increased and the natural perfume enhanced. In this way many distinct classes of roses have been formed, as the Banksia, Baurbon, Boursalt, China, Noisette, hybrid perpetual, etc., with multitudes of varieties in nearly every class.

2. A knot of ribbon formed like a rose; a rose knot; a rosette, esp. one worn on a shoe. Sha.

3. (Arch.) A rose window. See Rose window, below.

4. A perforated nozzle, as of a pipe, spout, etc., for delivering water in fine jets; a rosehead; also, a strainer at the foot of a pump.

5. (Med.) The erysipelas. Dunglison.

6. The card of the mariner's compass; also, a circular card with radiating lines, used in other instruments.

7. The color of a rose; rose-red; pink.

8. A diamond. See Rose diamond, below.

Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zoöl.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zoöl.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zoöl.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. <! p. 1252 !> -- Rose de Pompadour, Rose du Barry, names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on Sèvres porcelain. -- Rose diamond, a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant, n. -- Rose ear. See under Ear. -- Rose elder (Bot.), the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine, a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Roseceæ. See Rosaceous. -- Rose fever (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zoöl.), a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zoöl.), any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar. -- Rose knot, a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake, Rose madder, a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow. (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus, with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock. -- Rose nail, a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble, an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China. (Bot.) See China rose (b), under China. -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.), a Syrian cruciferous plant (Anastatica Hierochuntica) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant. - - Rose of Sharon (Bot.), an ornamental malvaceous shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.), the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink, a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.), a variety of quartz which is rose- red. -- Rose rash. (Med.) Same as Roseola. -- Rose slug (Zoöl.), the small green larva of a black sawfly (Selandria rosæ). These larvæ feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.), a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel, and marigold window. Cf. wheel window, under Wheel. -- Summer rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. See Roseola. -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa], in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.), feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster.

Rose (?), v. t. 1. To render rose-colored; to redden; to flush. [Poetic] "A maid yet rosed over with the virgin crimson of modesty." Shak.

2. To perfume, as with roses. [Poetic] Tennyson.

Ro"se*al (?), a. [L. roseus, fr. rosa a rose.] resembling a rose in smell or color. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

Ro"se*ate (?), a. [Cf. L. roseus, rosatus, prepared from roses. See Roseal, Rose.] 1. Full of roses; rosy; as, roseate bowers.

2. resembling a rose in color or fragrance; esp., tinged with rose color; blooming; as, roseate beauty; her roseate lips.

Roseate tern (Zoöl.), an American and European tern (Sterna Dougalli) whose breast is roseate in the breeding season.

Rose"bay` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) the oleander. [Obs.] (b) Any shrub of the genus Rhododendron. [U.S.] (c) An herb (Epilobium spicatum) with showy purple flowers, common in Europe and North America; -- called also great willow herb.

Rose"bud` (?), n. The flower of a rose before it opens, or when but partially open.

Rose"bush` (?), n. The bush or shrub which bears roses.

Rose"-col`ored (?), a. 1. Having the color of a pink rose; rose-pink; of a delicate pink color.

2. Uncommonly beautiful; hence, extravagantly fine or pleasing; alluring; as, rose-colored anticipations.

Rose"-cut` (?), a. Cut flat on the reverse, and with a convex face formed of triangular facets in rows; - - said of diamonds and other precious stones. See Rose diamond, under Rose. Cf. Brilliant, n.

Rose"drop`, n. 1. A lozenge having a rose flavor.

2. A kind of earring. Simmonds.

3. (Med.) A ruddy eruption upon the nose caused by drinking ardent spirits; a grog blossom.

Rose"finch (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of Asiatic finches of the genera Carpodacus, and Propasser, and allied genera, in which the male is more or less colored with rose red.

Rose"fish` (?), n. (Zoöl.) A large marine scorpænoid food fish (Sebastes marinus) found on the northern coasts of Europe and America. called also red perch, hemdurgan, Norway haddok, and also, erroneously, snapper, bream, and bergylt.

When full grown it is usually bright rose-red or orange-red; the young are usually mottled with red and ducky brown.

Rose"head` (?), n. 1. See Rose, n., 4.

2. A many-sided pyramidal head upon a nail; also a nail with such a head.

Ro"se*ine (? or ?), n. See Magenta.

Ro"se*lite (?), n. [From the German mineralogist G. Rose + -lite.] (Min.) A hydrous arsenite of cobalt, occuring in small red crystals, allied to erythrite.

||Ro"sel"la (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. rosa rose.] (Zoöl.) A beautiful ||Australian parrakeet (Platycercus eximius) often kept as a cage bird. ||The head and back of the neck are scarlet, the throat is white, the ||back dark green varied with lighter green, and the breast yellow.

Ro*selle" (?), n. (Bot.) a malvaceous plant (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) cultivated in the east and West Indies for its fleshy calyxes, which are used for making tarts and jelly and an acid drink.

Rose`mal"oes (?), n. [From the native name; cf. Malay rasamla the name of the tree.] The liquid storax of the East Indian Liquidambar orientalis.

Rose"ma*ry (?), n. [OE. rosmarine, L. rosmarinus; ros dew (cf. Russ. rosa, Lith. rasa, Skr. rasa juice) + marinus marine: cf. F. romarin. In English the word has been changed as if it meant the rose of Mary. See Marine.] A labiate shrub (Rosmarinus officinalis) with narrow grayish leaves, growing native in the southern part of France, Spain, and Italy, also in Asia Minor and in China. It has a fragrant smell, and a warm, pungent, bitterish taste. It is used in cookery, perfumery, etc., and is an emblem of fidelity or constancy.

There's rosemary, that's for remembrance.

Shak.

Marsh rosemary. (a) A little shrub (Andromeda polifolia) growing in cold swamps and having leaves like those of the rosemary. (b) See under Marsh. -- Rosemary pine, the loblolly pine. See under Loblolly.

Ros"en (?), a. Consisting of roses; rosy. [Obs.]

Ro"sen*mül`ler's or"gan (?). [So named from its first describer, J. C. Rosenmüller, a German anatomist.] (Anat.) The parovarium.

Ro"se*o- (?). (Chem.) A prefix (also used adjectively) signifying rose-red; specifically used to designate certain rose-red compounds (called roseo-cobaltic compounds) of cobalt with ammonia. Cf. Luteo-.

||Ro*se"o*la (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. rosa a rose.] (med.) A ||rose-colored efflorescence upon the skin, occurring in circumscribed ||patches of little or no elevation and often alternately fading and ||reviving; also, an acute specific disease which is characterized by ||an eruption of this character; -- called also rose rash. -- ||Ro*se"o*lous (#), a.

Rose"-pink` (?), a. 1. Having a pink color like that of the rose, or like the pigment called rose pink. See Rose pink, under Rose.

2. Disposed to clothe everything with roseate hues; hence, sentimental. "Rose-pink piety." C. Kingsley.

Ros"er (?), n. A rosier; a rosebush. [Obs.]

Rose"-red` (?), a. Red as a rose; specifically (Zoöl.), of a pure purplish red color. Chaucer.

Rose"-ri`al (?), n. [See Rose, and Royal.] A name of several English gold coins struck in different reigns and having having different values; a rose noble.

Rose"root` (?), n. (Bot.) A fleshy-leaved herb (Rhodiola rosea); rosewort; -- so called because the roots have the odor of roses.

Ros"er*y (?), n. A place where roses are cultivated; a nursery of roses. See Rosary, 1.

Ro"set (?), n. [F. rosette. See Rosette.] A red color used by painters. Peacham.

Ro-set"ta stone` (?). A stone found at Rosetta, in Egypt, bearing a trilingual inscription, by aid of which, with other inscriptions, a key was obtained to the hieroglyphics of ancient Egypt. Brande & C.

Ro*set"ta wood` (?). An east Indian wood of a reddish orange color, handsomely veined with darker marks. It is occasionally used for cabinetwork. Ure.

Ro*sette (?), n. [F., dim. of rose a rose. Cf. Roset.] 1. An imitation of a rose by means of ribbon or other material, -- used as an ornament or a badge.

2. (Arch.) An ornament in the form of a rose or roundel, -much used in decoration.

3. A red color. See Roset.

4. A rose burner. See under Rose.

5. (Zoöl.) (a) Any structure having a flowerlike form; especially, the group of five broad ambulacra on the upper side of the spatangoid and clypeastroid sea urchins. See Illust. of Spicule, and Sand dollar, under Sand. (b) A flowerlike color marking; as, the rosettes on the leopard.

Rose" wa`ter (?). Water tinctured with roses by distillation.

Rose"-wa`ter, a. Having the odor of rose water; hence, affectedly nice or delicate; sentimental. "Rose-water philanthropy." Carlyle.

Rose"wood (?), n. A valuable cabinet wood of a dark red color, streaked and variegated with black, obtained from several tropical leguminous trees of the genera Dalbergia and Machærium. The finest kind is from Brazil, and is said to be from the Dalbergia nigra.

African rosewood, the wood of the leguminous tree Pterocarpus erinaceus. -- Jamaica rosewood, the wood of two West Indian trees (Amyris balsamifera, and Linocieria ligustrina). -- New South Wales rosewood, the wood of Trichilia glandulosa, a tree related to the margosa.

Rose"worm` (?), n. (Zoöl.) The larva of any one of several species of lepidopterous insects which feed upon the leaves, buds, or blossoms of the rose, especially Cacæcia rosaceana, which rolls up the leaves for a nest, and devours both the leaves and buds.

Rose"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) Roseroot. (b) Any plant nearly related to the rose. Lindley.

Ros`i*cru"cian (?), n. [The name is probably due to a German theologian, Johann Valentin Andreä, who in anonymous pamphlets called himself a knight of the Rose Cross (G. Rosenkreuz), using a seal with a St. Andrew's cross and four roses.)] One who, in the 17th century and the early part of the 18th, claimed to belong to a secret society of philosophers deeply versed in the secrets of nature, -- the alleged society having existed, it was stated, several hundred years.

The Rosicrucians also called brothers of the Rosy Cross, Rosy-cross Knights, Rosy-cross philosophers, etc. Among other pretensions, they claimed to be able to transmute metals, to prolong life, to know what is passing in distant places, and to discover the most hidden things by the application of the Cabala and science of numbers.

Ros`i*cru"cian (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Rosicrucians, or their arts.

Ros"ied (?), a. Decorated with roses, or with the color of roses.

Ro"sier (?), n. [F., fr. L. rosarius of roses. Cf. Rosary.] A rosebush; roses, collectively. [Obs.]

Crowned with a garland of sweet rosier.

Spenser.

Ros"i*ly (?), adv. In a rosy manner. M. Arnold.

Ros"in (?), n. [A variant of resin.] The hard, amber-colored resin left after distilling off the volatile oil of turpentine; colophony.

Rosin oil, an oil obtained from the resin of the pine tree, -- used by painters and for lubricating machinery, etc.

Ros"in, v. t. To rub with rosin, as musicians rub the bow of a violin.

Or with the rosined bow torment the string.

Gay.

Ros"i*ness (?), n. The quality of being rosy.

Ros"in*weed` (?), n. (Bot.) (a) The compass plant. See under Compass. (b) A name given in California to various composite plants which secrete resins or have a resinous smell.

Ros"in*y (?), a. like rosin, or having its qualities.

Ros"land (?), n. [W. rhos a meadow, a moor + E. land.] heathy land; land full of heather; moorish or watery land. [prov. Eng.]

Ros"ma*rine` (?), n. [OE. See Rosemary.] 1. Dew from the sea; sea dew. [Obs.]

That purer brine And wholesome dew called rosmarine.

B. Jonson.

2. Rosemary. [Obs.] Spenser. "Biting on anise seed and rosmarine." Bp. Hall.

Ros"ma*rine, n. [Norw. rosmar a walrus; ros a horse (akin to E. horse) + (probably) mar the sea.] A fabulous sea animal which was reported to climb by means of its teeth to the tops of rocks to feed upon the dew.

And greedly rosmarines with visages deforme.

Spenser.

Ro*sol"ic (?), a. [Rose + carbolic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a complex red dyestuff (called rosolic acid) which is analogous to rosaniline and aurin. It is produced by oxidizing a mixture of phenol and cresol, as a dark red amorphous mass, C20H16O3, which forms weak salts with bases, and stable ones with acids. Called also methyl aurin, and, formerly, corallin.