Chapter 32

2. That which clears up and removes difficulties, and makes the mind certain or determined. Bp. Burnet.

3. One who resolves, or formal a firm purpose.

Res"o*nance (r?z"?-nans), n. [Cf. F. résonance, L. resonantia an echo.] 1. The act of resounding; the quality or state of being resonant.

2. (Acoustics) A prolongation or increase of any sound, either by reflection, as in a cavern or apartment the walls of which are not distant enough to return a distinct echo, or by the production of vibrations in other bodies, as a sounding-board, or the bodies of musical instruments.

Pulmonary resonance (Med.), the sound heard on percussing over the lungs. -- Vocal resonance (Med.), the sound transmitted to the ear when auscultation is made while the patient is speaking.

Res"o*nan*cy (-nan-s?), n. Resonance.

Res"o*nant (-nant), a. [L. resonans, p. pr. of resonare to resound: cf. F. résonnant. See Resound.] Returning, or capable of returning, sound; fitted to resound; resounding; echoing back.

Through every hour of the golden morning, the streets were resonant with female parties of young and old.

De Quincey.

Res"o*nant*ly, adv. In a resonant manner.

Res"o*na`tor (-n?`t?r), n. (Acoustics) Anything which resounds; specifically, a vessel in the form of a cylinder open at one end, or a hollow ball of brass with two apertures, so contrived as to greatly intensify a musical tone by its resonance. It is used for the study and analysis of complex sounds.

Re*sorb" (r?-s?rb"), v. t. [L. reorbere; pref. re- re- + sorbere to suck or drink in.] To swallow up.

Now lifted by the tide, and now resorbed.

Young.

Re*sorb"ent (-ent), a. [L. resorbens, p. pr. of resorbere.] Swallowing up. Wodhull.

Res*or"cin (r?z-?r"s?n), n. [Resin + orcin. So called because in its higher homologue it resembles orcin.] (Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance of the phenol series, obtained by melting certain resins, as galbanum, asafetida, etc., with caustic potash. It is also produced artificially and used in making certain dyestuffs, as phthaleïn, fluoresceïn, and eosin.

Res`or*cyl"ic (r?z`?r-s?l"?k), a. (Chem.) Of, or pertaining to, or producing, resorcin; as, resorcylic acid.

Re*sorp"tion (r?*s?rp"sh?n), n. The act of resorbing; also, the act of absorbing again; reabsorption.

Re*sort" (r?*z?rt"), n. [F. ressort.] Active power or movement; spring. [A Gallicism] [Obs.]

Some . . . know the resorts and falls of business that can not sink into the main of it.

Bacon.

Re*sort", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Resorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Resorting.] [OF. resortir to withdraw, take refuge, F. ressortir to be in the jurisdiction, LL. resortire; pref. re- re- + L. sortiri to draw lots, obtain by lot, from sors lot. See Sort. The meaning is first to reobtain (by lot), then to gain by appeal to a higher court (as a law term), to appeal, go for protection or refuge.] 1. To go; to repair; to betake one's self.

What men name resort to him?

Shak.

2. To fall back; to revert. [Obs.]

The inheritance of the son never resorted to the mother, or to any of her ancestors.

Sir M. Hale.

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3. To have recourse; to apply; to one's self for help, relief, or advantage.

The king thought it time to resort to other counsels.

Clarendon.

Re*sort" (r?*z?rt"), n. [Cf. F. ressort jurisdiction. See Resort, v.] 1. The act of going to, or making application; a betaking one's self; the act of visiting or seeking; recourse; as, a place of popular resort; -- often figuratively; as, to have resort to force.

Join with me to forbid him her resort.

Shak.

2. A place to which one betakes himself habitually; a place of frequent assembly; a haunt.

Far from all resort of mirth.

Milton.

3. That to which one resorts or looks for help; resource; refuge.

Last resort, ultimate means of relief; also, final tribunal; that from which there is no appeal.

Re*sort"er (-?r), n. One who resorts; a frequenter.

Re*soun" (r?*z??n"), n. Reason. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Re*soun", v. i. & t. To resound. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Re-sound" (r?*sound"), v. t. & i. [Pref. re- + sound.] To sound again or anew.

Re*sound" (r?*zound"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Resounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Resounding.] [OE. resounen, OF. resoner, F. résonner, from L. resonare; pref. re- re- + sonare to sound, sonus sound. See Sound to make a noise.] 1. To sound loudly; as, his voice resounded far.

2. To be filled with sound; to ring; as, the woods resound with song.

3. To be echoed; to be sent back, as sound. "Common fame . . . resounds back to them again." South.

4. To be mentioned much and loudly. Milton.

5. To echo or reverberate; to be resonant; as, the earth resounded with his praise.

Re*sound", v. t. 1. To throw back, or return, the sound of; to echo; to reverberate.

Albion's cliffs resound the rur&?;&?;ay.

Pope.

2. To praise or celebrate with the voice, or the sound of instruments; to extol with sounds; to spread the fame of.

The man for wisdom's various arts renowned, Long exercised in woes, O muse, resound.

Pope.

Syn. -- To echo; reëcho; reverberate; sound.

Re*sound", n. Return of sound; echo. Beaumont.

Re*source" (r?*s?rs"), n. [F. ressource, fr. OF. ressourdre, resourdre, to spring forth or up again; pref. re- re- + sourdre to spring forth. See Source.] 1. That to which one resorts orr on which one depends for supply or support; means of overcoming a difficulty; resort; expedient.

Threat'nings mixed with prayers, his last resource.

Dryden.

2. pl. Pecuniary means; funds; money, or any property that can be converted into supplies; available means or capabilities of any kind.

Scotland by no means escaped the fate ordained for every country which is connected, but not incorporated, with another country of greater resources.

Macaulay.

Syn. -- Expedient; resort; means; contrivance.

Re*source"ful (-f?l), a. Full of resources.

Re*source"less, a. Destitute of resources. Burke.

-- Re*source"less*ness, n. R. Browning.

Re*sow" (r?*s?"), v. t. To sow again. Bacon.

Re*sown" (r?*zoun"), v. To resound. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Re*speak" (r?*sp?k"), v. t. 1. To speak or utter again.

2. To answer; to echo. [Obs. or Poetic] Shak.

Re*spect" (r?*sp?kt"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Respected; p. pr. & vb. n. Respecting.] [L. respectare, v. intens. from respicere, respectum, to look back, respect; pref. re- re- + specere, spicere, to look, to view: cf. F. respecter. See Spy, and cf. Respite.] 1. To take notice of; to regard with special attention; to regard as worthy of special consideration; hence, to care for; to heed.

Thou respectest not spilling Edward's blood.

Shak.

In orchards and gardens, we do not so much respect beauty as variety of ground for fruits, trees, and herbs.

Bacon.

2. To consider worthy of esteem; to regard with honor. "I do respect thee as my soul." Shak.

3. To look toward; to front upon or toward. [Obs.]

Palladius adviseth the front of his house should so respect the &?;&?;uth.

Sir T. Browne.

4. To regard; to consider; to deem. [Obs.]

To whom my father gave this name of Gaspar, And as his own respected him to death.

B. Jonson.

5. To have regard to; to have reference to; to relate to; as, the treaty particularly respects our commerce.

As respects, as regards; with regard to; as to. Macaulay. -- To respect the person or persons, to favor a person, or persons on corrupt grounds; to show partiality. "Ye shall not respect persons in judgment." Deut. i. 17.

Syn. -- To regard; esteem; honor; revere; venerate.

Re*spect", n. [L. respectus: cf. F. respect. See Respect, v., and cf. Respite.] 1. The act of noticing with attention; the giving particular consideration to; hence, care; caution.

But he it well did ward with wise respect.

Spenser.

2. Esteem; regard; consideration; honor.

Seen without awe, and served without respect.

Prior.

The same men treat the Lord's Day with as little respect.

R. Nelson.

3. pl. An expression of respect of deference; regards; as, to send one's respects to another.

4. Reputation; repute. [Obs.]

Many of the best respect in Rome.

Shak.

5. Relation; reference; regard.

They believed but one Supreme Deity, which, with respect to the various benefits men received from him, had several titles.

Tillotson.

4. Particular; point regarded; point of view; as, in this respect; in any respect; in all respects.

Everything which is imperfect, as the world must be acknowledged in many respects.

Tillotson.

In one respect I'll be thy assistant.

Shak.

7. Consideration; motive; interest. [Obs.] "Whatever secret respects were likely to move them." Hooker.

To the publik good Private respects must yield.

Milton.

In respect, in comparison. [Obs.] Shak. -- In respect of. (a) In comparison with. [Obs.] Shak. (b) As to; in regard to. [Archaic] "Monsters in respect of their bodies." Bp. Wilkins. "In respect of these matters." Jowett. (Thucyd.) -- In, or With, respect to, in relation to; with regard to; as respects. Tillotson. -- To have respect of persons, to regard persons with partiality or undue bias, especially on account of friendship, power, wealth, etc. "It is not good to have respect of persons in judgment." Prov. xxiv. 23.

Syn. -- Deference; attention; regard; consideration; estimation. See Deference.

Re*spect`a*bil"i*ty (r?*sp?kt`?*b?l"?*t?), n. The state or quality of being respectable; the state or quality which deserves or commands respect.

Re*spect"a*ble (-&?;-b'l), a. [F. respectable, LL. respectabilis.] 1. Worthy of respect; fitted to awaken esteem; deserving regard; hence, of good repute; not mean; as, a respectable citizen. "The respectable quarter of Sicca." J. H. Newman.

No government, any more than an individual, will long be respected, without being truly respectable.

Madison.

2. Moderate in degree of excellence or in number; as, a respectable performance; a respectable audience.

--Re*spect"a*ble*ness,n. -- Re*spect"a*bly, adv.

Re*spect"ant (-ant), a. [F., p. pr. of respecter. See Respect.] (Her.) Placed so as to face one another; -- said of animals.

Re*spect"er (-?r), n. One who respects.

A respecter of persons, one who regards or judges with partiality.

Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter of persons.

Acts x. 34.

Re*spect"ful (-f?l), a. Marked or characterized by respect; as, respectful deportment.

With humble joi and with respectful fear.

Prior.

-- Re*spect"ful*ly, adv. -- Re*spect"ful*ness, n.

Re*spect"ing, prep. With regard or relation to; regarding; concerning; as, respecting his conduct there is but one opinion.

Re*spec"tion (r?*sp?k"sh?n), n. [Cf.LL. respectio.] The act of respecting; respect; regard. [Obs.]

Without difference or respection of persons.

Tyndale.

Re*spec"tive (r?*sp?k"t?v), a. [Cf. F. respectif, LL. respectivus. See Respect.] 1. Noticing with attention; hence, careful; wary; considerate. [Obs.]

If you look upon the church of England with a respective eye, you can not . . . refuse this charge.

A&?;p. Sandys.

2. Looking towardl having reference to; relative, not absolute; as, the respective connections of society.

3. Relating to particular persons or things, each to each; particular; own; as, they returned to their respective places of abode.

4. Fitted to awaken respect. [Obs.] Shak.

5. Rendering respect; respectful; regardful. [Obs.]

With respective shame, rose, took us by the hands.

Chapman.

With thy equals familiar, yet respective.

Lord Burleigh.

Re*spec"tive*ly, adv. 1. As relating to each; particularly; as each belongs to each; as each refers to each in order; as, let each man respectively perform his duty.

The impressions from the objects or the senses do mingle respectively every one with its kind.

Bacon.

2. Relatively; not absolutely. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

3. Partially; with respect to private views. [Obs.]

4. With respect; regardfully. [Obs.] Shak.

Re*spect"less (r?*sp?kt"l?s), a. Having no respect; without regard; regardless.

Rather than again Endure, respectless, their so moving c&?;ies.

Chapman.

-- Re*spect"less*ness, n. [R.] Shelton.

Re*spec"tu*ous (r?*sp?k"t?*?s;135), a. 1. Respectful; as, a respectuous silence. [Obs.] Boyle.

2. Respectable. [Obs.] Knolles.

Re*spell" (r?*sp?l"), v. t. To spell again.

Re*sperse" (r?*sp?rs"), v. t. [L. respersus, p. p. of respergere; pref. re- re- + spargere to srew, sprinkle.] To sprinkle; to scatter. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Re*sper"sion (r?*sp?r"sh?n), n. [L. respersio.] The act of sprinkling or scattering. [Obs.]

Re*spir`a*bil"i*ty (r?*sp?r`?*b?l"?*t? or r?s`p?*r?-), n. [Cf. F. respirabilit&?;.] The quality or state of being respirable; respirableness.

Re*spir"a*ble (r?*sp?r"?*b'l or r?s"p?*r?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. respirable.] Suitable for being breathed; adapted for respiration. -- Re*spir"a*ble*ness, n.

Res`pi*ra"tion (r?s`p?*r?"sh?n), n. [L. respiratio: cf. F. respiration. See Respire.] 1. The act of respiring or breathing again, or catching one's breath.

2. Relief from toil or suffering: rest. [Obs.]

Till the day Appear of respiration to the just And vengeance to the wicked.

Milton.

3. Interval; intermission. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

4. (Physiol.) The act of resping or breathing; the act of taking in and giving out air; the aggregate of those processes bu which oxygen is introduced into the system, and carbon dioxide, or carbonic acid, removed.

Respiration in the higher animals is divided into: (a) Internal respiration, or the interchange of oxygen and carbonic acid between the cells of the body and the bathing them, which in one sense is a process of nutrition. (b) External respiration, or the gaseous interchange taking place in the special respiratory organs, the lungs. This constitutes respiration proper. Gamgee.

In the respiration of plants oxygen is likewise absorbed and carbonic acid exhaled, but in the light this process is obscured by another process which goes on with more vigor, in which the plant inhales and absorbs carbonic acid and exhales free oxygen.

Res`pi*ra"tion*al (r?s`p?*r?"sh?n-al), a. Of or pertaining to respiration; as, respirational difficulties.

Re*spir"a*tive (r?*sp?*r?*t?v), a. Of or pertaining to respiration; as, respirative organs.

Res"pi*ra`tor (r?s"p?*r?`t?r), n. [Cf. F. respirateur.] A divice of gauze or wire, covering the mouth or nose, to prevent the inhalation of noxious substances, as dust or smoke. Being warmed by the breath, it tempers cold air passing through it, and may also be used for the inhalation of medicated vapors.

Re*spir"a*to*ry (r?*sp?r"?*t?*r? or r?s"p?*r?-), a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to respiration; serving for respiration; as, the respiratory organs; respiratory nerves; the respiratory function; respiratory changes.

Respiratory foods. (Physiol.) See 2d Note under Food, n., 1. -- Respiratory tree (Zoöl.), the branched internal gill of certain holothurians.

Re*spire" (r?*sp?r), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Respired (-sp?rd"); p. pr. & vvb. n. Respiring.] [L. respirare, respiratum; pref. re- re- + spirare to breathe: cf. F. respirer. See Spirit.] 1. To take breath again; hence, to take rest or refreshment. Spenser.

Here leave me to respire.

Milton.

From the mountains where I now respire.

Byron.

2. (Physiol.) To breathe; to inhale air into the lungs, and exhale it from them, successively, for the purpose of maintaining the vitality of the blood.

Re*spire", v. t. 1. To breathe in and out; to inspire and expire,, as air; to breathe.

A native of the land where I respire The clear air for a while.

Byron.

2. To breathe out; to exhale. [R.] B. Jonson.

Res"pite (r?s"p?t), n. [OF. respit, F. répit, from L. respectus respect, regard, delay, in LL., the deferring of a day. See Respect.] 1. A putting off of that which was appointed; a postponement or delay.

I crave but four day's respite.

Shak.

2. Temporary intermission of labor, or of any process or operation; interval of rest; pause; delay. "Without more respite." Chaucer.

Some pause and respite only I require.

Denham.

3. (Law) (a) Temporary suspension of the execution of a capital offender; reprieve. (b) The delay of appearance at court granted to a jury beyond the proper term.

Syn. -- Pause; interval; stop; cessation; delay; postponement; stay; reprieve.

Res"pite, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Respited; p. pr. & vb. n. Respiting.] [OF. respiter, LL. respectare. See Respite, n.] To give or grant a respite to. Specifically: (a) To delay or postpone; to put off. (b) To keep back from execution; to reprieve.

Forty days longer we do respite you.

Shak.

(c) To relieve by a pause or interval of rest. "To respite his day labor with repast." Milton.

Res"pite*less, a. Without respite. Baxter.

{ Re*splen"dence (r?*spl?n"dens), Re*splen"den*cy (-den*s?), } n. [L. resplendentia.] The quality or state of being resplendent; brilliant luster; vivid brightness; splendor.

Son! thou in whom my glory I behold In full resplendence, heir of all my might.

Milton.

The resplendency of his own almighty goodness.

Dr. J. Scott.

Re*splen"dent (-dent), a. [L. resplendens, -entis, p. pr. of resplendere to shine brightly; pref. re- re- + splendere to shine. See Splendid.] Shining with brilliant luster; very bright. -- Re*splen"dent*ly, adv.

With royal arras and resplendent gold.

Spenser.

Re*splen"dish*ant (-d?sh*ant), a. Resplendent; brilliant. [R. & Obs.] Fabyan.

Re*splen"dish*ing, a. Resplendent. [Obs.]

Re*split" (r?*spl?t"), v. t. & i. To split again.

Re*spond" (r?*sp?nd"), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Responded; p. pr. & vb. n. Responding.] [OF. respondre, F. répondre, fr. L. respondere, responsum; pref. re- re- + spondere to promise. See Sponsor.] 1. To say somethin in return; to answer; to reply; as, to respond to a question or an argument.

2. To show some effect in return to a force; to act in response; to accord; to correspond; to suit.

A new affliction strings a new cord in the heart, which responds to some new note of complaint within the wide scale of human woe.

Buckminster.

To every theme responds thy various lay.

Broome.

3. To render satisfaction; to be answerable; as, the defendant is held to respond in damages. [U.S.]

Syn. -- To answer; reply; rejoin. See Reply.

Re*spond", v. t. 1. To answer; to reply.

2. To suit or accord with; to correspond to. [R.]

For his great deeds respond his speeches great.

Fairfax.

Re*spond", n. 1. An answer; a response. [R.]

2. (Eccl.) A short anthem sung at intervals during the reading of a chapter.

3. (Arch.) A half pier or pillar attached to a wall to support an arch. Oxf. Gloss.

{ Re*spond"ence (-?ns), Re*spond"en*cy (- en*s?), } n. The act of responding; the state of being respondent; an answering. A. Chalmers.

The angelical soft trembling voice made To the instruments divine respondence meet.

Spenser.

Re*spond"ent (-ent), a. [L. respondens, p. pr. of respondere.] Disposed or expected to respond; answering; according; corresponding.

Wealth respondent to payment and contributions.

Bacon.

Re*spond"ent, n. [Cf. F. répondant.] One who responds. It corresponds in general to defendant. Specifically: (a) (Law) One who answers in certain suits or proceedings, generally those which are not according to the course of the common law, as in equity and admiralty causes, in petitions for partition, and the like; -- distinquished from appellant. (b) One who maintains a thesis in reply, and whose province it is to refute objections, or overthrow arguments; -- distinguished from opponent. I. Watts.

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||Re`spon*den"ti*a (r?`sp?n*d?n"sh?*?), n. [NL. See Respondence.] ||(Commercial Law) A loan upon goods laden on board a ship. It differs ||from bottomry, which is a loan on the ship itself. Bouvier.

Re*spon"sal (r?*sp?n"sal), a. Answerable. [Obs.]

Re*spon"sal, n. [Cf.LL. resposalis.] 1. One who is answerable or responsible. [Obs.] Barrow.

2. Response. [Obs.] Brevint.

Re*sponse" (r?*sp?ns"), n. [OF. response, respons, F. réponse, from L. responsum, from respondere. See Respond.] 1. The act of responding.

2. An answer or reply. Specifically: (a) Reply to an objection in formal disputation. I. Watts. (b) (Eccl.) The answer of the people or congregation to the priest or clergyman, in the litany and other parts of divine service. (c) (R.C.Ch.) A kind of anthem sung after the lessons of matins and some other parts of the office. (d) (Mus.) A repetition of the given subject in a fugue by another part on the fifth above or fourth below. Busby.

Re*sponse"less, a. Giving no response.

Re*spon`si*bil"i*ty (r?*sp?n`s?*b?l"?*t?), n.; pl. -ties (-t&?;z). [Cf. F. responsabilité.] 1. The state of being responsible, accountable, or answerable, as for a trust, debt, or obligation.

2. That for which anyone is responsible or accountable; as, the resonsibilities of power.

3. Ability to answer in payment; means of paying.

Re*spon"si*ble (r?*sp?n"s?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. responsable. See Respond.] 1. Liable to respond; likely to be called upon to answer; accountable; answerable; amenable; as, a guardian is responsible to the court for his conduct in the office.

2. Able to respond or answer for one's conduct and obligations; trustworthy, financially or otherwise; as, to have a responsible man for surety.

3. Involving responsibility; involving a degree of accountability on the part of the person concerned; as, a responsible office.

Syn. -- Accountable; answerable; amenable.

-- Re*spon"si*ble*ness, n. -- Re*spon"si*bly, adv.

Re*spon"sion (-sh?n), n. [L. responsio. See Respond.] 1. The act of answering. [Obs.]

2. (University of Oxford) The first university examination; -- called also little go. See under Little, a.

Re*spon"sive (-s?v), a. [Cf. F. resposif.] 1. That responds; ready or inclined to respond.

2. Suited to something else; correspondent.

The vocal lay responsive to the strings.

Pope.

3. Responsible. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

-- Re*spon"sive*ly, adv. -- Re*spon"sive*ness, n.

Re`spon*so"ri*al (r?`sp?n*s?"r?-al), a. Responsory; antiphonal. J. H. Newman.

Re*spon"so*ry (r?*sp?n"s?*r?), a. Containing or making answer; answering. Johnson.

Re*spon"so*ry, n.; pl. - ries (-r&?;z). [LL. responsorium.] 1. (Eccl.) (a) The answer of the people to the priest in alternate speaking, in church service. (b) A versicle sung in answer to the priest, or as a refrain.

Which, if should repeat again, would turn my answers into responsories, and beget another liturgy.

Milton.

2. (Eccl.) An antiphonary; a response book.

Rest (r?st), v. t. [For arrest.] To arrest. [Obs.]

Rest, n. [AS. rest, ræst, rest; akin to D. rust, G. rast. OHG. rasta, Dan. & Sw. rast rest, repose, Icel. röst the distance between two resting places, a mole, Goth. rasta a mile, also to Goth. razn house, Icel. rann, and perhaps to G. ruhe rest, repose, AS. rw, Gr. 'erwh`. Cf. Ransack.] 1. A state of quiet or repose; a cessation from motion or labor; tranquillity; as, rest from mental exertion; rest of body or mind. Chaucer.

Sleep give thee all his rest!

Shak.

2. Hence, freedom from everything which wearies or disturbs; peace; security.

And the land had rest fourscore years.

Judges iii. 30.

3. Sleep; slumber; hence, poetically, death.

How sleep the brave who sink to rest, By all their country's wishes blest.

Collins.

4. That on which anything rests or leans for support; as, a rest in a lathe, for supporting the cutting tool or steadying the work.

He made narrowed rests round about, that the beams should not be fastened in the walls of the house.

1 Kings vi. 6.

5. (Anc. Armor) A projection from the right side of the cuirass, serving to support the lance.

Their visors closed, their lances in the rest.

Dryden.

6. A place where one may rest, either temporarily, as in an inn, or permanently, as, in an abode. "Halfway houses and travelers' rests." J. H. Newman.

In dust our final rest, and native home.

Milton.

Ye are not as yet come to the rest and to the inheritance which the Lord your God giveth you.

Deut. xii. 9.

7. (Pros.) A short pause in reading verse; a cæsura.