Chapter 14

Re*con"se*crate (-k?n"s?*kr?t), v. t. To consecrate anew or again.

Re*con`se*cra"tion, n. Renewed consecration.

Re`con*sid"er (r?`k?n*s?d"?r), v. t. 1. To consider again; as, to reconsider a subject.

2. (Parliamentary Practice) To take up for renewed consideration, as a motion or a vote which has been previously acted upon.

Re`con*sid`er*a"tion (-?"sh?n), n. The act of reconsidering, or the state of being reconsidered; as, the reconsideration of a vote in a legislative body.

Re*con"so*late (r?*k?n"s?*l?t), v. t. To console or comfort again. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

Re`con*sol"i*date (r?`k?n*s?l"?*d?t), v. t. To consolidate anew or again.

Re`con*sol`i*da"tion (-d?"sh?n), n. The act or process of reconsolidating; the state of being reconsolidated.

Re`con*struct" (-str?kt"), v. t. To construct again; to rebuild; to remodel; to form again or anew.

Regiments had been dissolved and reconstructed.

Macaulay.

Re`con*struc"tion (-str?k"sh?n), n. 1. The act of constructing again; the state of being reconstructed.

2. (U.S. Politics) The act or process of reorganizing the governments of the States which had passed ordinances of secession, and of reëstablishing their constitutional relations to the national government, after the close of the Civil War.

Re`con*struct"ive (-str?k"t?v), a. Reconstructing; tending to reconstruct; as, a reconstructive policy.

Re`con*tin"u*ance (-t?n"?*?ns), n. The act or state of recontinuing.

Re`con*tin"ue (-?), v. t. & i. To continue anew.

Re`con*vene" (r?`k?n*v?n"), v. t. & i. To convene or assemble again; to call or come together again.

Re`con*ven"tion (-v?n"sh?n), n. (Civil Law) A cross demand; an action brought by the defendant against the plaintiff before the same judge. Burrill. Bouvier.

Re`con*ver"sion (-v?r"sh?n), n. A second conversion.

Re`con*vert" (-v?rt"), v. t. To convert again. Milton.

Re*con"vert (r?*k?n"v?rt), n. A person who has been reconverted. Gladstone.

Re`con*vert"i*ble (r?`k?n*v?rt"?*b'l), a. (Chem.) Capable of being reconverted; convertible again to the original form or condition.

Re`con*vey" (-v?"), v. t. 1. To convey back or to the former place; as, to reconvey goods.

2. To transfer back to a former owner; as, to reconvey an estate.

Re`con*vey"ance (-v?"?ns), n. Act of reconveying.

Re*cop"y (r?*k?p"?), v. t. To copy again.

Re*cord" (r?*k?rd"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recorded; p. pr. & vb. n. Recording.] [OE. recorden to repeat, remind, F. recorder, fr. L. recordari to remember; pref. re- re- + cor, cordis, the heart or mind. See Cordial, Heart.] 1. To recall to mind; to recollect; to remember; to meditate. [Obs.] "I it you record." Chaucer.

2. To repeat; to recite; to sing or play. [Obs.]

They longed to see the day, to hear the lark Record her hymns, and chant her carols blest.

Fairfax.

3. To preserve the memory of, by committing to writing, to printing, to inscription, or the like; to make note of; to write or enter in a book or on parchment, for the purpose of preserving authentic evidence of; to register; to enroll; as, to record the proceedings of a court; to record historical events.

Those things that are recorded of him . . . are written in the chronicles of the kings.

1 Esd. i. 42.

To record a deed, mortgage, lease, etc., to have a copy of the same entered in the records of the office designated by law, for the information of the public.

Re*cord", v. i. 1. To reflect; to ponder. [Obs.]

Praying all the way, and recording upon the words which he before had read.

Fuller.

2. To sing or repeat a tune. [Obs.] Shak.

Whether the birds or she recorded best.

W. Browne.

Rec"ord (rk"rd), n. [OF. recort, record, remembrance, attestation, record. See Record, v. t.] 1. A writing by which some act or event, or a number of acts or events, is recorded; a register; as, a record of the acts of the Hebrew kings; a record of the variations of temperature during a certain time; a family record.

2. Especially: (a) An official contemporaneous writing by which the acts of some public body, or public officer, are recorded; as, a record of city ordinances; the records of the receiver of taxes. (b) An authentic official copy of a document which has been entered in a book, or deposited in the keeping of some officer designated by law. (c) An official contemporaneous memorandum stating the proceedings of a court of justice; a judicial record. (d) The various legal papers used in a case, together with memoranda of the proceedings of the court; as, it is not permissible to allege facts not in the record.

3. Testimony; witness; attestation.

John bare record, saying.

John i. 32.

4. That which serves to perpetuate a knowledge of acts or events; a monument; a memorial.

5. That which has been, or might be, recorded; the known facts in the course, progress, or duration of anything, as in the life of a public man; as, a politician with a good or a bad record.

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6. That which has been publicly achieved in any kind of competitive sport as recorded in some authoritative manner, as the time made by a winning horse in a race.

Court of record (pron. r&?;*k&?;rd" in Eng.), a court whose acts and judicial proceedings are written on parchment or in books for a perpetual memorial. -- Debt of record, a debt which appears to be due by the evidence of a court of record, as upon a judgment or a cognizance. -- Trial by record, a trial which is had when a matter of record is pleaded, and the opposite party pleads that there is no such record. In this case the trial is by inspection of the record itself, no other evidence being admissible. Blackstone. -- To beat, or break, the record (Sporting), to surpass any performance of like kind as authoritatively recorded; as, to break the record in a walking match.

Re*cord"ance (r?*k?rd"?ns), n. Remembrance. [Obs.]

Rec`or*da"tion (r?k`?r*d?"sh?n), n. [L. recordatio: cf. F. recordation. See Record, v. t.] Remembrance; recollection; also, a record. [Obs.] Shak.

Re*cord"er (r?*k?rd"?r), n. 1. One who records; specifically, a person whose official duty it is to make a record of writings or transactions.

2. The title of the chief judical officer of some cities and boroughs; also, of the chief justice of an East Indian settlement. The Recorder of London is judge of the Lord Mayor's Court, and one of the commissioners of the Central Criminal Court.

3. (Mus.) A kind of wind instrument resembling the flageolet. [Obs.] "Flutes and soft recorders." Milton.

Re*cord"er*ship, n. The office of a recorder.

Re*cord"ing, a. Keeping a record or a register; as, a recording secretary; -- applied to numerous instruments with an automatic appliance which makes a record of their action; as, a recording gauge or telegraph.

Re`cor*por`i*fi*ca"tion (r?`k?r*p?r`?*f?*k?"sh?n), n. The act of investing again with a body; the state of being furnished anew with a body. [R.] Boyle.

Re*couch" (r?*kouch"), v. i. [Pref. re- + couch: cf. F. recoucher.] To retire again to a couch; to lie down again. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

Re*count" (r*kount"), v. t. [Pref. re- + count.] To count or reckon again.

Re*count", n. A counting again, as of votes.

Re*count" (r*kount"), v. t. [F. raconter to relate, to recount; pref. re- again + &?; (L. ad.) + conter to relate. See Count, v.] To tell over; to relate in detail; to recite; to tell or narrate the particulars of; to rehearse; to enumerate; as, to recount one's blessings. Dryden.

To all his angels, who, with true applause, Recount his praises.

Milton.

Re*count`ment (-ment), n. Recital. [Obs.] Shak.

{ Re*coup", Re*coupe" } (-k??p"), v. t. [F. recouper; pref. re- re- + couper to cut.] 1. (Law) To keep back rightfully (a part), as if by cutting off, so as to diminish a sum due; to take off (a part) from damages; to deduct; as, where a landlord recouped the rent of premises from damages awarded to the plaintiff for eviction.

2. To get an equivalent or compensation for; as, to recoup money lost at the gaming table; to recoup one's losses in the share market.

3. To reimburse; to indemnify; -- often used reflexively and in the passive.

Elizabeth had lost her venture; but if she was bold, she might recoup herself at Philip's cost.

Froude.

Industry is sometimes recouped for a small price by extensive custom.

Duke of Argyll.

Re*coup"er (r?*k??p"?r), n. One who recoups. Story.

Re*coup"ment (-ment), n. The act of recouping.

Recoupment applies to equities growing out of the very affair from which thw principal demand arises, set-off to cross-demands which may be independent in origin. Abbott.

Re*course" (r?*k?rs"), n. [F. recours, L. recursus a running back, return, fr. recurrere, recursum, to run back. See Recur.] 1. A coursing back, or coursing again, along the line of a previous coursing; renewed course; return; retreat; recurence. [Obs.] "Swift recourse of flushing blood." Spenser.

Unto my first I will have my recourse.

Chaucer.

Preventive physic . . . preventeth sickness in the healthy, or the recourse thereof in the valetudinary.

Sir T. Browne.

2. Recurrence in difficulty, perplexity, need, or the like; access or application for aid; resort.

Thus died this great peer, in a time of great recourse unto him and dependence upon him.

Sir H. Wotton.

Our last recourse is therefore to our art.

Dryden.

3. Access; admittance. [Obs.]

Give me recourse to him.

Shak.

Without recourse (Commerce), words sometimes added to the indorsement of a negotiable instrument to protect the indorser from liability to the indorsee and subsequent holders. It is a restricted indorsement.

Re*course", v. i. 1. To return; to recur. [Obs.]

The flame departing and recoursing.

Foxe.

2. To have recourse; to resort. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket.

Re*course"ful (-f?l), a. Having recurring flow and ebb; moving alternately. [Obs.] Drayton.

Re*cov"er (r?*k?v"?r), v. t. [Pref. re- + cover: cf. F. recouvrir.] To cover again. Sir W. Scott.

Re*cov"er (r?*k?v"?r), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recovered (-?rd); p. pr. & vb. n. Recovering. ] [OE. recoveren, OF. recovrer, F. recouvrer, from L. recuperare; pref. re- re + a word of unknown origin. Cf.Recuperate.]

1. To get or obtain again; to get renewed possession of; to win back; to regain.

David recovered all that the Amalekites had carried away.

1. Sam. xxx. 18.

2. To make good by reparation; to make up for; to retrieve; to repair the loss or injury of; as, to recover lost time. "Loss of catel may recovered be." Chaucer.

Even good men have many failings and lapses to lament and recover.

Rogers.

3. To restore from sickness, faintness, or the like; to bring back to life or health; to cure; to heal.

The wine in my bottle will recover him.

Shak.

4. To overcome; to get the better of, -- as a state of mind or body.

I do hope to recover my late hurt.

Cowley.

When I had recovered a little my first surprise.

De Foe.

5. To rescue; to deliver.

That they may recover themselves out of the snare of the devil, who are taken captive by him.

2. Tim. ii. 26.

6. To gain by motion or effort; to obtain; to reach; to come to. [Archaic]

The forest is not three leagues off; If we recover that, we're sure enough.

Shak.

Except he could recover one of the Cities of Refuge he was to die.

Hales.

7. (Law) To gain as a compensation; to obtain in return for injury or debt; as, to recover damages in trespass; to recover debt and costs in a suit at law; to obtain title to by judgement in a court of law; as, to recover lands in ejectment or common recovery; to gain by legal process; as, to recover judgement against a defendant.

Recover arms (Mil. Drill), a command whereby the piece is brought from the position of "aim" to that of "ready."

Syn. -- To regain; repossess; resume; retrieve; recruit; heal; cure.

Re*cov"er (r?*k?v"?r), v. i. 1. To regain health after sickness; to grow well; to be restored or cured; hence, to regain a former state or condition after misfortune, alarm, etc.; -- often followed by of or from; as, to recover from a state of poverty; to recover from fright.

Go, inquire of Baal-zebub, the god of Ekron, whether I shall recover of this disease.

2 Kings i. 2.

2. To make one's way; to come; to arrive. [Obs.]

With much ado the Christians recovered to Antioch.

Fuller.

3. (Law) To obtain a judgement; to succeed in a lawsuit; as, the plaintiff has recovered in his suit.

Re*cov"er, n. Recovery. Sir T. Malory.

Re*cov"er*a*ble (-?*b'l), a. [Cf. F. recouvrable.] Capable of being recovered or regained; capable of being brought back to a former condition, as from sickness, misfortune, etc.; obtainable from a debtor or possessor; as, the debt is recoverable; goods lost or sunk in the ocean are not recoverable.

A prodigal course Is like the sun's; but not, like his, recoverable.

Shak.

If I am recoverable, why am I thus?

Cowper.

-- Re*cov"er*a*ble*ness, n.

Re cov"er*ance (-ans), n. Recovery. [Obs.]

Re*cov`er*ee" (-"), n. (Law) The person against whom a judgment is obtained in common recovery.

Re*cov"er*er (r?*k?v"?r*?r), n. One who recovers.

Re*cov`er*or" (-?r), n. (Law) The demandant in a common recovery after judgment. Wharton.

Re*cov"er*y (r?*k?v"?r*?), n. 1. The act of recovering, regaining, or retaking possession.

2. Restoration from sickness, weakness, faintness, or the like; restoration from a condition of mistortune, of fright, etc.

3. (Law) The obtaining in a suit at law of a right to something by a verdict and judgment of court.

4. The getting, or gaining, of something not previously had. [Obs.] "Help be past recovery." Tusser.

5. In rowing, the act of regaining the proper position for making a new stroke.

Common recovery (Law), a species of common assurance or mode of conveying lands by matter of record, through the forms of an action at law, formerly in frequent use, but now abolished or obsolete, both in England and America. Burrill. Warren.

Rec"re*ance (r?k"r?*?ns), n. Recreancy.

Rec"re*an*cy (-an*s?), n. The quality or state of being recreant.

Rec"re*ant (-ant), a. [OF., cowardly, fr. recroire, recreire, to forsake, leave, tire, discourage, regard as conquered, LL. recredere se to declare one's self conquered in combat; hence, those are called recrediti or recreanti who are considered infamous; L. pref. re- again, back + credere to believe, to be of opinion; hence, originally, to disavow one's opinion. See Creed.] 1. Crying for mercy, as a combatant in the trial by battle; yielding; cowardly; mean-spirited; craven. "This recreant knight." Spenser.

2. Apostate; false; unfaithful.

Who, for so many benefits received, Turned recreant to God, ingrate and false.

Milton.

Rec"re*ant, n. One who yields in combat, and begs for mercy; a mean-spirited, cowardly wretch. Blackstone.

You are all recreants and dastards!

Shak.

Re`-cre*ate" (r?`kr?*?t"), v. t. [Pref. re- + create.] To create or form anew.

On opening the campaign of 1776, instead of reënforcing, it was necessary to re-create, the army.

Marshall.

Rec"re*ate (rk"r*t), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recreated (-`td); p. pr. & vb. n. Recreating.] [L. recreatus, p. p. of recreate to create anew, to refresh; pref. re- re- + creare to create. See Create.] To give fresh life to; to reanimate; to revive; especially, to refresh after wearying toil or anxiety; to relieve; to cheer; to divert; to amuse; to gratify.

Painters, when they work on white grounds, place before them colors mixed with blue and green, to recreate their eyes, white wearying . . . the sight more than any.

Dryden.

St. John, who recreated himself with sporting with a tame partridge.

Jer. Taylor.

These ripe fruits recreate the nostrils with their aromatic scent.

Dr. H. More.

Rec"re*ate, v. i. To take recreation. L. Addison.

Rec"re*a"tion (-?"sh?n), n. [F. récréation, L. recreatio.] The act of recreating, or the state of being recreated; refreshment of the strength and spirits after toil; amusement; diversion; sport; pastime.

Re`-cre*a"tion (r?`kr?*?sh?n), n. [See Re-create.] A forming anew; a new creation or formation.

Re`-cre*a"tive (-?`t?v), a. Creating anew; as, re-creative power.

Rec"re*a`tive (r?k"r?*?`t?v), a. [Cf. F. récréatif. See Recreate.] Tending to recreate or refresh; recreating; giving new vigor or animation; reinvigorating; giving relief after labor or pain; amusing; diverting.

Let the music of them be recreative.

Bacon.

--- Rec"re*a`tive*ly, adv. -- Rec"re*a`tive*ness, n.

Rec"re*ment (r?k"r?*ment), n. [L. recrementum; pref. re- re- + cernere, cretum, to separate, sift: cf. F. récrément.] 1. Superfluous matter separated from that which is useful; dross; scoria; as, the recrement of ore.

2. (Med.) (a) Excrement. [Obs.] (a) A substance secreted from the blood and again absorbed by it.

Rec`re*men"tal (-m?n"tal), a. Recrementitious.

Rec`re*men*ti"tial (-m?n*t?sh"al), a. [Cf. F. récrémentitiel.] (Med.) Of the nature of a recrement. See Recrement, 2 (b). "Recrementitial fluids." Dunglison.

Rec`re*men*ti"tious (-t?sh"?s), a. Of or pertaining to recrement; consisting of recrement or dross. Boyle.

Re*crim"i*nate (r?*kr?m"?*n?t), v. i. [Pref. re- + criminate: cf. F. récriminer, LL. recriminare.] To return one charge or accusation with another; to charge back fault or crime upon an accuser.

It is not my business to recriminate, hoping sufficiently to clear myself in this matter.

Bp. Stillingfleet.

Re*crim"i*nate, v. t. To accuse in return. South.

Re*crim`i*na"tion (-n?"sh?n), n. [F. récrimination, LL. recriminatio.] The act of recriminating; an accusation brought by the accused against the accuser; a counter accusation.

Accusations and recriminations passed backward and forward between the contending parties.

Macaulay.

Re*crim"i*na*tive (-n?*t?v), a. Recriminatory.

Re*crim"i*na`tor (-n?`t?r), n. One who recriminates.

Re*crim"i*na*to*ry (-n?*t?*r?), a. [Cf. F. récriminatoire.] Having the quality of recrimination; retorting accusation; recriminating.

Re*cross" (r?*kr?s";115), v. t. To cross a second time.

Re*cru"den*cy (r*kr"den*s), n. Recrudescence.

{ Re`cru*des"cence (r?`kr?*d?s"sens), Re`cru*des`cen*cy (-d?s"sen*s?), } n. [Cf. F. recrudescence.]

1. The state or condition of being recrudescent.

A recrudescence of barbarism may condemn it [land] to chronic poverty and waste.

Duke of Argyll.

2. (Med.) Increased severity of a disease after temporary remission. Dunglison.

Re`cru*des"cent (-sent), a. [L. recrudescens, -entis, p. pr. of recrudescere to become raw again; pref. re- re- + crudescere to become hard or raw: cf. F. recrudescent.] 1. Growing raw, sore, or painful again.

2. Breaking out again after temporary abatement or supression; as, a recrudescent epidemic.

Re*cruit" (r?*kr?t"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Recruited; p. pr. & vb. n. Recruiting.] [F. recruter, corrupted (under influence of recrue recruiting, recruit, from recroî/tre, p. p. recrû, to grow again) from an older recluter, properly, to patch, to mend (a garment); pref. re- + OF. clut piece, piece of cloth; cf. Icel. kltr kerchief, E. clout.] 1. To repair by fresh supplies, as anything wasted; to remedy lack or deficiency in; as, food recruits the flesh; fresh air and exercise recruit the spirits.

Her cheeks glow the brighter, recruiting their color.

Glanvill.

2. Hence, to restore the wasted vigor of; to renew in strength or health; to reinvigorate.

3. To supply with new men, as an army; to fill up or make up by enlistment; as, he recruited two regiments; the army was recruited for a campaign; also, to muster; to enlist; as, he recruited fifty men. M. Arnold.

Re*cruit", v. i. 1. To gain new supplies of anything wasted; to gain health, flesh, spirits, or the like; to recuperate; as, lean cattle recruit in fresh pastures.

2. To gain new supplies of men for military or other service; to raise or enlist new soldiers; to enlist troops.

Re*cruit", n. 1. A supply of anything wasted or exhausted; a reënforcement.

The state is to have recruits to its strength, and remedies to its distempers.

Burke.

2. Specifically, a man enlisted for service in the army; a newly enlisted soldier.

Re*cruit"er, n. One who, or that which, recruits.

Re*cruit"ment (-ment), n. The act or process of recruiting; especially, the enlistment of men for an army.

Re*crys`tal*li*za"tion (r*krs`tal*l*z"shn), n. (Chem. & Min.) The process or recrystallizing.

Re*crys"tal*lize (r*krs"tal*lz), v. i. & t. (Chem. & Min.) To crystallize again. Henry.

Rec"tal (r?k"tal), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the rectum; in the region of the rectum.

Rec"tan`gle (r?k"t??`g'l), n. [F., fr. L. rectus right + angulus angle. See Right, and Angle.] (Geom.) A four-sided figure having only right angles; a right-angled parallelogram.

As the area of a rectangle is expressed by the product of its two dimensions, the term rectangle is sometimes used for product; as, the rectangle of a and b, that is, ab.

Rec"tan`gle, a. Rectangular. [R.]

Rec"tan`gled (-g'ld), a. Rectangular. Hutton.

Rec*tan"gu*lar (r?k*t?n"g?*l?r), a. [CF. F. rectangulaire.] Right-angled; having one or more angles of ninety degrees. -- Rec*tan"gu*lar*ly (r&?;k*t&?;n"g&?;*l&?;r*l&?;), adv. -- Rec*tan"gu*lar*ness, n.

Rec*tan`gu*lar"i*ty (-l?r"?*t?), n. The quality or condition of being rectangular, or right- angled.

Rec"ti- (r?k"t?*). [L. rectus straight.] A combining form signifying straight; as, rectilineal, having straight lines; rectinerved.

Rec"ti*fi`a*ble (r?k"t?*f?`?*b'l), a. 1. Capable of being rectified; as, a rectifiable mistake.

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2. (Math.) Admitting, as a curve, of the construction of a straight l&?;&?;e equal in length to any definite portion of the curve.

Rec`ti*fi*ca"tion (r?k`t?*f?*k?1sh?n), n. [Cf. F. rectification.] 1. The act or operation of rectifying; as, the rectification of an error; the rectification of spirits.

After the rectification of his views, he was incapable of compromise with profounder shapes of error.

De Quincey.

2. (Geom.) The determination of a straight line whose length is equal a portion of a curve.

Rectification of a globe (Astron.), its adjustment preparatory to the solution of a proposed problem.

Rec"ti*fi*ca`tor (r?k"t?*f?*k?`t?r), n. (Chem.) That which rectifies or refines; esp., a part of a distilling apparatus in which the more volatile portions are separated from the less volatile by the process of evaporation and condensation; a rectifier.

Rec"ti*fi`er (r?k"t?*f?`?r), n. 1. One who, or that which, rectifies.

2. Specifically: (a) (Naut.) An instrument used for determining and rectifying the variations of the compass on board ship. (b) (Chem.) A rectificator.

Rec"ti*fy (-f?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rectified (-f?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Rectifying (-f?`?ng).] [F. rectifier, LL. rectificare; L. rectus right + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Right, and -fy.] 1. To make or set right; to correct from a wrong, erroneous, or false state; to amend; as, to rectify errors, mistakes, or abuses; to rectify the will, the judgment, opinions; to rectify disorders.

I meant to rectify my conscience.

Shak.

This was an error of opinion which a conflicting opinion would have rectified.

Burke.

2. (Chem.) To refine or purify by repeated distillation or sublimation, by which the fine parts of a substance are separated from the grosser; as, to rectify spirit of wine.

3. (Com.) To produce ( as factitious gin or brandy) by redistilling low wines or ardent spirits (whisky, rum, etc.), flavoring substances, etc., being added.

To rectify a globe, to adjust it in order to prepare for the solution of a proposed problem.

Syn. -- To amend; emend; correct; better; mend; reform; redress; adjust; regulate; improve. See Amend.

{ Rec`ti*lin"e*al (-l?n"?*al), Rec`ti*lin"e*ar (-l?n"?*?r), } a. [Recti- + lineal, linear.] Straight; consisting of a straight line or lines; bounded by straight lines; as, a rectineal angle; a rectilinear figure or course. -- Rec`ti*lin"e*al*ly, adv. -- Rec`ti*lin"e*ar*ly, adv.