Chapter 95

She stood quaking like the partridge on which the hawk is ready to seize.

Sir P. Sidney.

2. To shake, vibrate, or quiver, either from not being solid, as soft, wet land, or from violent convulsion of any kind; as, the earth quakes; the mountains quake. " Over quaking bogs." Macaulay.

Quake, v. t. [Cf. AS. cweccan to move, shake. See Quake, v. t.] To cause to quake. [Obs.] Shak.

Quake, n. A tremulous agitation; a quick vibratory movement; a shudder; a quivering.

Quak"er (?), n. 1. One who quakes.

2. One of a religious sect founded by George Fox, of Leicestershire, England, about 1650, -- the members of which call themselves Friends. They were called Quakers, originally, in derision. See Friend, n., 4.

Fox's teaching was primarily a preaching of repentance . . . The trembling among the listening crowd caused or confirmed the name of Quakers given to the body; men and women sometimes fell down and lay struggling as if for life.

Encyc. Brit.

3. (Zoˆl.) (a) The nankeen bird. (b) The sooty albatross. (c) Any grasshopper or locust of the genus (Edipoda; -- so called from the quaking noise made during flight.

Quaker buttons. (Bot.) See Nux vomica. -- Quaker gun, a dummy cannon made of wood or other material; -- so called because the sect of Friends, or Quakers, hold to the doctrine, of nonresistance. -- Quaker ladies (Bot.), a low American biennial plant (Houstonia cÊrulea), with pretty four- lobed corollas which are pale blue with a yellowish center; -- also called bluets, and little innocents.

Quak"er*ess, n. A woman who is a member of the Society of Friends.

Quak"er*ish, a. Like or pertaining to a Quaker; Quakerlike.

Quak"er*ism (?), n. The peculiar character, manners, tenets, etc., of the Quakers.

Quak"er*like (?), a. Like a Quaker.

Quak"er*ly, a. Resembling Quakers; Quakerlike; Quakerish. Macaulay.

Quak"er*y (?), n. Quakerism. [Obs.] Hallywell.

Quake"tail` (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A wagtail.

Quak"i*ness (?), n. The state of being quaky; liability to quake.

Quak"ing, a. & n. from Quake, v.

Quaking aspen (Bot.), an American species of poplar (Populus tremuloides), the leaves of which tremble in the lightest breeze. It much resembles the European aspen. See Aspen. -- Quaking bog, a bog of forming peat so saturated with water that it shakes when trodden upon. -- Quaking grass. (Bot.) (a) One of several grasses of the genus Briza, having slender-stalked and pendulous ovate spikelets, which quake and rattle in the wind. Briza maxima is the large quaking grass; B. media and B. minor are the smaller kinds. (b) Rattlesnake grass (Glyceria Canadensis).

Quak"ing*ly (?), adv. In a quaking manner; fearfully. Sir P. Sidney.

Quak"y (?), a. Shaky, or tremulous; quaking.

Qual"i*fi`a*ble (?), a. Capable of being qualified; abatable; modifiable. Barrow.

Qual`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. qualification. See Qualify.] 1. The act of qualifying, or the condition of being qualified.

2. That which qualifies; any natural endowment, or any acquirement, which fits a person for a place, office, or employment, or which enables him to sustian any character with success; an enabling quality or circumstance; requisite capacity or possession.

There is no qualification for government but virtue and wisdom, actual or presumptive.

Burke.

3. The act of limiting, or the state of being limited; that which qualifies by limiting; modification; restriction; hence, abatement; diminution; as, to use words without any qualification.

Qual"i*fi*ca*tive (?), n. That which qualifies, modifies, or restricts; a qualifying term or statement.

How many qualificatives, correctives, and restrictives he inserteth in this relation.

Fuller.

Qual"i*fi*ca`tor (?), n. [LL.] (R. C. Ch.) An officer whose business it is to examine and prepare causes for trial in the ecclesiastical courts.

Qual"i*fied (?), a. 1. Fitted by accomplishments or endowments.

2. Modified; limited; as, a qualified statement.

Qualified fee (Law), a base fee, or an estate which has a qualification annexed to it, the fee ceasing with the qualification, as a grant to A and his heirs, tenants of the manor of Dale. -- Qualified indorsement (Law), an indorsement which modifies the liability of the indorser that would result from the general principles of law, but does not affect the negotiability of the instrument. Story. -- Qualified negative (Legislation), a limited veto power, by which the chief executive in a constitutional government may refuse assent to bills passed by the legislative body, which bills therefore fail to become laws unless upon a reconsideration the legislature again passes them by a certain majority specified in the constitution, when they become laws without the approval of the executive. -- Qualified property (Law), that which depends on temporary possession, as that in wild animals reclaimed, or as in the case of a bailment.

Syn. -- Competent; fit; adapted. -- Qualified, Competent. Competent is most commonly used with respect to native endowments and general ability suited to the performance of a task or duty; qualified with respect to specific acquirements and training.

Qual"i*fied`ly, adv. In the way of qualification; with modification or qualification.

Qual"i*fied`ness, n. The state of being qualified.

Qual"i*fi`er (?), n. One who, or that which, qualifies; that which modifies, reduces, tempers or restrains.

Qual"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Qualified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Qualifying (?).] [F. qualifier, LL. qualificare, fr. L. qualis how constituted, as + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Quality, and -Fy.] 1. To make such as is required; to give added or requisite qualities to; to fit, as for a place, office, occupation, or character; to furnish with the knowledge, skill, or other accomplishment necessary for a purpose; to make capable, as of an employment or privilege; to supply with legal power or capacity.

He had qualified himself for municipal office by taking the oaths to the sovereigns in possession.

Macaulay.

2. To give individual quality to; to modulate; to vary; to regulate.

It hath no larynx . . . to qualify the sound.

Sir T. Browne.

3. To reduce from a general, undefined, or comprehensive form, to particular or restricted form; to modify; to limit; to restrict; to restrain; as, to qualify a statement, claim, or proposition.

4. Hence, to soften; to abate; to diminish; to assuage; to reduce the strength of, as liquors.

I do not seek to quench your love's hot fire, But qualify the fire's extreme rage.

Shak.

5. To soothe; to cure; -- said of persons. [Obs.]

In short space he has them qualified.

Spenser.

Syn. -- To fit; equip; prepare; adapt; capacitate; enable; modify; soften; restrict; restrain; temper.

Qual"i*fy, v. i. 1. To be or become qualified; to be fit, as for an office or employment.

2. To obtain legal power or capacity by taking the oath, or complying with the forms required, on assuming an office.

Qual"i*ta*tive (?), a. [Cf. LL. gualitativus, F. qualitatif.] Relating to quality; having the character of quality. -- Qual"i*ta*tive*ly, adv.

Qualitative analysis (Chem.), analysis which merely determines the constituents of a substance without any regard to the quantity of each ingredient; -- contrasted with quantitative analysis.

Qual"i*tied (?), a. Furnished with qualities; endowed. [Obs.] "He was well qualitied." Chapman.

Qual"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Qualities (#). [F. qualitÈ, L. qualitas, fr. qualis how constituted, as; akin to E. which. See Which.] 1. The condition of being of such and such a sort as distinguished from others; nature or character relatively considered, as of goods; character; sort; rank.

We lived most joyful, obtaining acquaintance with many of the city not of the meanest quality.

Bacon

2. Special or temporary character; profession; occupation; assumed or asserted rank, part, or position.

I made that inquiry in quality of an antiquary.

Gray.

3. That which makes, or helps to make, anything such as it is; anything belonging to a subject, or predicable of it; distinguishing property, characteristic, or attribute; peculiar power, capacity, or virtue; distinctive trait; as, the tones of a flute differ from those of a violin in quality; the great quality of a statesman.

Qualities, in metaphysics, are primary or secondary. Primary are those essential to the existence, and even the conception, of the thing, as of matter or spirit Secondary are those not essential to such a conception.

4. An acquired trait; accomplishment; acquisition.

He had those qualities of horsemanship, dancing, and fencing which accompany a good breeding.

Clarendon.

5. Superior birth or station; high rank; elevated character. "Persons of quality." Bacon.

Quality binding, a kind of worsted tape used in Scotland for binding carpets, and the like. -- The quality, those of high rank or station, as distinguished from the masses, or common people; the nobility; the gentry.

I shall appear at the masquerade dressed up in my feathers, that the quality may see how pretty they will look in their traveling habits.

Addison.

Syn. -- Property; attribute; nature; peculiarity; character; sort; rank; disposition; temper.

Qualm (?), n. [AS. cwealm death, slaughter, pestilence, akin to OS. & OHG. qualm. See Quail to cower.] 1. Sickness; disease; pestilence; death. [Obs.]

thousand slain and not of qualm ystorve [dead].

Chaucer.

2. A sudden attack of illness, faintness, or pain; an agony. " Qualms of heartsick agony." Milton.

3. Especially, a sudden sensation of nausea.

For who, without a qualm, hath ever looked On holy garbage, though by Homer cooked?

Roscommon.

4. A prick or scruple of conscience; uneasiness of conscience; compunction. Dryden.

Qualm"ish, a. Sick at the stomach; affected with nausea or sickly languor; inclined to vomit. Shak.

-- Qualm"ish*ly, adv. -- Qualm"ish*ness, n.

Quam"ash (?), n. (Bot.) See Camass.

Quam"o*clit (?), n. [Gr. &?; a bean + &?; to bend, to slope.] (Bot.) Formerly, a genus of plants including the cypress vine (Quamoclit vulgaris, now called Ipomúa Quamoclit). The genus is now merged in Ipomúa.

Quan"da*ry (?), n.; pl. Quandaries (#). [Prob. fr. OE. wandreth adversity, perplexity, Icel. wandrÊi difficulty, trouble, fr. vandr difficult.] A state of difficulty or perplexity; doubt; uncertainty.

Quan"da*ry, v. t. To bring into a state of uncertainty, perplexity, or difficulty. [Obs.] Otway.

Quan"dong (?), n. (Bot.) The edible drupaceous fruit of an Australian tree (Fusanus acuminatus) of the Sandalwood family; -- called also quandang.

Quan"dy (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoˆl.) The old squaw. [Local, U. S.]

Quan"net (?), n. A flat file having the handle at one side, so as to be used like a plane.

Quant (?), n. A punting pole with a broad flange near the end to prevent it from sinking into the mud; a setting pole.

Quan"tic (?), n. [L. quantus how much. See Quantity.] (Math.) A homogeneous algebraic function of two or more variables, in general containing only positive integral powers of the variables, and called quadric, cubic, quartic, etc., according as it is of the second, third, fourth, fifth, or a higher degree. These are further called binary, ternary, quaternary, etc., according as they contain two, three, four, or more variables; thus, the quantic &?; is a binary cubic.

Quan`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [See Quantity.] Modification by a reference to quantity; the introduction of the element of quantity.

The quantification of the predicate belongs in part to Sir William Hamilton; viz., in its extension to negative propositions.

De Quincey.

Quan"ti*fy (?), v. t. [L. quantus now much + -fy.] To modify or qualify with respect to quantity; to fix or express the quantity of; to rate.

Quan"ti*ta*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. quantitatif.] Relating to quantity. -- Quan"ti*ta*tive*ly, adv.

Quantitative analysis (Chem.), analysis which determines the amount or quantity of each ingredient of a substance, by weight or by volume; -- contrasted with qualitative analysis.

Quan"ti*tive (?), a. [See Quantity.] Estimable according to quantity; quantitative. Sir K. Digby.

Quan"ti*tive*ly, adv. So as to be measurable by quantity; quantitatively.

Quan"ti*ty (?), n.; pl. Quantities (#). [F. quantite, L. quantitas, fr. quantus bow great, how much, akin to quam bow, E. how, who. See Who.]

1. The attribute of being so much, and not more or less; the property of being measurable, or capable of increase and decrease, multiplication and division; greatness; and more concretely, that which answers the question "How much?"; measure in regard to bulk or amount; determinate or comparative dimensions; measure; amount; bulk; extent; size. Hence, in specific uses: (a) (Logic) The extent or extension of a general conception, that is, the number of species or individuals to which it may be applied; also, its content or comprehension, that is, the number of its constituent qualities, attributes, or relations. (b) (Gram.) The measure of a syllable; that which determines the time in which it is pronounced; as, the long or short quantity of a vowel or syllable. (c) (Mus.) The relative duration of a tone.

2. That which can be increased, diminished, or measured; especially (Math.), anything to which mathematical processes are applicable.

Quantity is discrete when it is applied to separate objects, as in number; continuous, when the parts are connected, either in succession, as in time, motion, etc., or in extension, as by the dimensions of space, viz., length, breadth, and thickness.

3. A determinate or estimated amount; a sum or bulk; a certain portion or part; sometimes, a considerable amount; a large portion, bulk, or sum; as, a medicine taken in quantities, that is, in large quantities.

The quantity of extensive and curious information which he had picked up during many months of desultory, but not unprofitable, study.

Macaulay.

Quantity of estate (Law), its time of continuance, or degree of interest, as in fee, for life, or for years. Wharton (Law Dict. ) -- Quantity of matter, in a body, its mass, as determined by its weight, or by its momentum under a given velocity. -- Quantity of motion (Mech.), in a body, the relative amount of its motion, as measured by its momentum, varying as the product of mass and velocity. -- Known quantities (Math.), quantities whose values are given. -- Unknown quantities (Math.), quantities whose values are sought.

<! p. 1174 !>

Quan*tiv"a*lence (?), n. [L. quantus how much + E. valence.] (Chem.) Valence. [Archaic]

Quan*tiv"a*lent (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to quantivalence. [Archaic]

Quan"tum (?), n.; pl. Quanta (#). [L., neuter of quantus how great, how much. See Quantity,] 1. Quantity; amount. "Without authenticating . . . the quantum of the charges." Burke.

2. (Math.) A definite portion of a manifoldness, limited by a mark or by a boundary. W. K. Clifford.

||Quantum meruit (&?;) [L., as much as he merited] (Law), a count in an ||action grounded on a promise that the defendant would pay to the ||plaintiff for his service as much as he should deserve. -- ||Quantum ||sufficit (&?;), or Quantum suff. [L., as much suffices] (Med.), a ||sufficient quantity. -- ||Quantum valebat (&?;) [L., as much at it ||was worth] (Law), a count in an action to recover of the defendant, ||for goods sold, as much as they were worth. Blackstone.

Quap (?), v. i. To quaver. [Obs.] See Quob.

Qua`qua*ver"sal (?), a. [L. quaqua wheresoever, whithersoever + versus, p. p. of vertere to turn.] 1. Turning or dipping in any or every direction.

2. (Geol.) Dipping toward all points of the compass round a center, as beds of lava round a crater.

Quar (?), n. A quarry. [Prov. Eng.] B. Jonson.

Quar"an*tine (?), n. [F. quarantaine, OF. quaranteine, fr. F. quarante forty, L. quadraginta, akin to quattuor four, and E. four: cf. It. quarantina, quarentine. See Four, and cf. Quadragesima.] 1. A space of forty days; -- used of Lent.

2. Specifically, the term, originally of forty days, during which a ship arriving in port, and suspected of being infected a malignant contagious disease, is obliged to forbear all intercourse with the shore; hence, such restraint or inhibition of intercourse; also, the place where infected or prohibited vessels are stationed.

Quarantine is now applied also to any forced stoppage of travel or communication on account of malignant contagious disease, on land as well as by sea.

3. (Eng. Law) The period of forty days during which the widow had the privilege of remaining in the mansion house of which her husband died seized.

Quarantine flag, a yellow flag hoisted at the fore of a vessel or hung from a building, to give warning of an infectious disease; -- called also the yellow jack, and yellow flag.

Quar`an*tine" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quarantined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quarantining.] To compel to remain at a distance, or in a given place, without intercourse, when suspected of having contagious disease; to put under, or in, quarantine.

Quarl (?), n. [Cf. G. qualle.] (Zoˆl.) A medusa, or jellyfish. [R.]

The jellied quarl that flings At once a thousand streaming stings.

J. R. Drake.

Quar"rel (?), n. [OE. quarel, OF. quarrel, F. carreau, LL. quadrellus, from L. quadrus square. See Quadrate, and cf. Quadrel, Quarry an arrow, Carrel.] 1. An arrow for a crossbow; -- so named because it commonly had a square head. [Obs.]

To shoot with arrows and quarrel.

Sir J. Mandeville.

Two arblasts, . . . with windlaces and quarrels.

Sir W. Scott.

2. (Arch.) Any small square or quadrangular member; as: (a) A square of glass, esp. when set diagonally. (b) A small opening in window tracery, of which the cusps, etc., make the form nearly square. (c) A square or lozenge-shaped paving tile.

3. A glazier's diamond. Simmonds.

4. A four-sided cutting tool or chisel having a diamond-shaped end.

Quar"rel, n. [OE. querele, OF. querele, F. querelle, fr. L. querela, querella, a complaint, fr. queri to complain. See Querulous.] 1. A breach of concord, amity, or obligation; a falling out; a difference; a disagreement; an antagonism in opinion, feeling, or conduct; esp., an angry dispute, contest, or strife; a brawl; an altercation; as, he had a quarrel with his father about expenses.

I will bring a sword upon you that shall avenge the quarrel of my covenant.

Lev. xxvi. 25.

On open seas their quarrels they debate.

Dryden.

2. Ground of objection, dislike, difference, or hostility; cause of dispute or contest; occasion of altercation.

Herodias had a quarrel against him, and would have killed him.

Mark vi. 19.

No man hath any quarrel to me.

Shak.

He thought he had a good quarrel to attack him.

Holinshed.

3. Earnest desire or longing. [Obs.] Holland.

To pick a quarrel. See under Pick, v. t.

Syn. -- Brawl; broil; squabble; affray; feud; tumult; contest; dispute; altercation; contention; wrangle.

Quar"rel, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Quarreled (?) or Quarrelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Quarreling or Quarrelling.] 1. To violate concord or agreement; to have a difference; to fall out; to be or become antagonistic.

Our people quarrel with obedience.

Shak.

But some defect in her Did quarrel with the noblest grace she owed.

Shak.

2. To dispute angrily, or violently; to wrangle; to scold; to altercate; to contend; to fight.

Beasts called sociable quarrel in hunger and lust.

Sir W. Temple.

3. To find fault; to cavil; as, to quarrel with one's lot.

I will not quarrel with a slight mistake.

Roscommon.

Quar"rel (?), v. t. 1. To quarrel with. [R.] "I had quarelled my brother purposely." B. Jonson.

2. To compel by a quarrel; as, to quarrel a man out of his estate or rights.

Quar"rel (?), n. [Written also quarreller.] One who quarrels or wrangles; one who is quarrelsome. Shak.

Quar"rel*et (?), n. A little quarrel. See 1st Quarrel, 2. [Obs.] "Quarrelets of pearl [teeth]." Herrick.

Quar"rel*ing, a. Engaged in a quarrel; apt or disposed to quarrel; as, quarreling factions; a quarreling mood. -- Quar"rel*ing*ly, adv.

Quar"rel*lous (?), a. [OF. querelous, F. querelleux, L. querulosus and querulus, fr. queri to complain. See 2d Quarrel.] Quarrelsome. [Obs.] [Written also quarrellous.] Shak.

Quar"rel*some (?), a. Apt or disposed to quarrel; given to brawls and contention; easily irritated or provoked to contest; irascible; choleric.

Syn. -- Pugnacious; irritable; irascible; brawling; choleric; fiery; petulant.

-- Quar"rel*some*ly, adv. -- Quar"rel*some*ness, n.

Quar"ried (?), a. Provided with prey.

Now I am bravely quarried.

Beau. & Fl.

Quar"ri*er (?), n. A worker in a stone quarry.

Quar"ry (?), n. [OE. quarre, OF. quarrÈ square, F. carrÈ, from L. quadratus square, quadrate, quadratum a square. See Quadrate, and cf. Quarrel an arrow.] Same as 1st Quarrel. [Obs.] Fairfax.

Quar"ry, a. [OF. quarrÈ.] Quadrate; square. [Obs.]

Quar"ry, n.; pl. Quarries (#). [OE. querre, OF. cuiriÈe, F. curÈe, fr. cuir hide, leather, fr. L. corium; the quarry given to the dogs being wrapped in the akin of the beast. See Cuirass.] 1. (a) A part of the entrails of the beast taken, given to the hounds. (b) A heap of game killed.

2. The object of the chase; the animal hunted for; game; especially, the game hunted with hawks. "The stone- dead quarry." Spenser.

The wily quarry shunned the shock.

Sir W. Scott.

Quar"ry, v. i. To secure prey; to prey, as a vulture or harpy. L'Estrange.

Quar"ry, n. [OE. quarrere, OF. quariere, F. carriËre, LL. quadraria a quarry, whence squared (quadrati) stones are dug, fr. quadratus square. See Quadrate.] A place, cavern, or pit where stone is taken from the rock or ledge, or dug from the earth, for building or other purposes; a stone pit. See 5th Mine (a).

Quar"ry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Quarried (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Quarrying.] To dig or take from a quarry; as, to quarry marble.

Quar"ry-faced` (?), a. (Stone Masonry) Having a face left as it comes from the quarry and not smoothed with the chisel or point; -- said of stones.

Quar"ry-man (?), n.; pl. Quarrymen (&?;). A man who is engaged in quarrying stones; a quarrier.

Quart (?), n. [F. quart, n. masc., fr. L. quartus the fourth, akin to quattuor four. See Four, and cf. 2d Carte, Quarto.] The fourth part; a quarter; hence, a region of the earth. [Obs.]

Camber did possess the western quart.

Spenser.

Quart, n. [F. quarte, n. fem., fr. quart fourth. See Quart a quarter.] 1. A measure of capacity, both in dry and in liquid measure; the fourth part of a gallon; the eighth part of a peck; two pints.

In imperial measure, a quart is forty English fluid ounces; in wine measure, it is thirty-two American fluid ounces. The United States dry quart contains 67.20 cubic inches, the fluid quart 57.75. The English quart contains 69.32 cubic inches.

2. A vessel or measure containing a quart.

Quart (?), n. [See Quart a quarter.] In cards, four successive cards of the same suit. Cf. Tierce, 4. Hoyle.

Quar"tan (?), a. [F. quartain, in fiËvre quartaine, L. quartanus, fr. quartus the fourth. See Quart.] Of or pertaining to the fourth; occurring every fourth day, reckoning inclusively; as, a quartan ague, or fever.

Quar"tan, n. 1. (Med.) An intermittent fever which returns every fourth day, reckoning inclusively, that is, one in which the interval between paroxysms is two days.

2. A measure, the fourth part of some other measure.

Quar"tane (?), n. [L. quartus the fourth.] (Chem.) Butane, each molecule of which has four carbon atoms.

Quar*ta"tion (?), n. [L. quartus the fourth: cf. F. quartation. So called because usually enough silver is added to make the amount of gold in the alloyed button about one fourth.] (Chem. & Assaying) The act, process, or result (in the process of parting) of alloying a button of nearly pure gold with enough silver to reduce the fineness so as to allow acids to attack and remove all metals except the gold; -- called also inquartation. Compare Parting.

||Quarte (?), n. [F.] Same as 2d Carte.