Chapter 60

To kill time, to busy one's self with something which occupies the attention, or makes the time pass without tediousness.

Syn. -- To murder; assassinate; slay; butcher; destroy. -- To Kill, Murder, Assassinate. To kill does not necessarily mean any more than to deprive of life. A man may kill another by accident or in self-defense, without the imputation of guilt. To murder is to kill with malicious forethought and intention. To assassinate is to murder suddenly and by stealth. The sheriff may kill without murdering; the duelist murders, but does not assassinate his antagonist; the assassin kills and murders.

{ Kill"dee` (?), Kill"deer` (?), } n. [So named from its notes.] (Zoöl.) A small American plover (Ægialitis vocifera).

It is dark grayish brown above; the rump and upper tail coverts are yellowish rufous; the belly, throat, and a line over the eyes, white; a ring round the neck and band across the breast, black.

Kill"er (?), n. 1. One who deprives of life; one who, or that which, kills.

2. (Zoöl.) A voracious, toothed whale of the genus Orca, of which several species are known.

The killers have a high dorsal fin, and powerful jaws armed with large, sharp teeth. They capture, and swallow entire, large numbers of seals, porpoises, and dolphins, and are celebrated for their savage, combined attacks upon the right whales, which they are said to mutilate and kill. The common Atlantic species (Orca gladiator), is found both on the European and the American coast. Two species (Orca ater and O. rectipinna) occur on the Pacific coast.

Kil*lesse" (?), n. [Cf. Coulisse.] (Arch.) (a) A gutter, groove, or channel. (b) A hipped roof. [Prov. Eng.] Parker.

Kil"li*fish` (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any one of several small American cyprinodont fishes of the genus Fundulus and allied genera. They live equally well in fresh and brackish water, or even in the sea. They are usually striped or barred with black. Called also minnow, and brook fish. See Minnow.

Kil"li*grew (?), n. (Zoöl.) The Cornish chough. See under Chough. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Kil`li*ki*nick" (?), n. See Kinnikinic.

Kill"ing (?), a. Literally, that kills; having power to kill; fatal; in a colloquial sense, conquering; captivating; irresistible. -- Kill"ing*ly, adv.

Those eyes are made so killing.

Pope.

Nothing could be more killingly spoken.

Milton.

Kill"-joy` (?), n. One who causes gloom or grief; a dispiriting person. W. Black.

Kil"lock (?), n. [Cf. Scot. killick "the flue [fluke] of an anchor." Jamieson.] A small anchor; also, a kind of anchor formed by a stone inclosed by pieces of wood fastened together. [Written also killick.]

Kil"low (?), n. [Prov. E. kollow the smut or grime on the backs of chimneys.] An earth of a blackish or deep blue color. Woodward.

Kiln (kl), n. [OE. kilne, kulne, AS. cyln, cylen; akin to Icel. kylna; prob. from the same source as coal. See Coal.] 1. A large stove or oven; a furnace of brick or stone, or a heated chamber, for the purpose of hardening, burning, or drying anything; as, a kiln for baking or hardening earthen vessels; a kiln for drying grain, meal, lumber, etc.; a kiln for calcining limestone.

2. A furnace for burning bricks; a brickkiln.

Kiln"-dry` (?), v. t. To dry in a kiln; as, to kiln-dry meal or grain. Mortimer.

Kiln"hole` (?), n. The mouth or opening of an oven or kiln. Shak.

Ki"lo (?), n.; pl. Kilos (#). [F.] An abbreviation of Kilogram.

{ Kil"o*gram (?), Kil"o*gramme }, n. [F. kilogramme; pref. kilo- (fr. Gr. chi`lioi a thousand ) + gramme. See 3d Gram.] A measure of weight, being a thousand grams, equal to 2.2046 pounds avoirdupois (15,432.34 grains). It is equal to the weight of a cubic decimeter of distilled water at the temperature of maximum density, or 39° Fahrenheit.

{ Kil"o*gram*me`ter (?), Kil"o*gram*me`tre }, n. (Mech.) A measure of energy or work done, being the amount expended in raising one kilogram through the height of one meter, in the latitude of Paris.

{ Kil"o*li`ter (?), Kil"o*li`tre }, n. [F. kilolitre. See Kilogram, and Liter.] A measure of capacity equal to a cubic meter, or a thousand liters. It is equivalent to 35.315 cubic feet, and to 220.04 imperial gallons, or 264.18 American gallons of 321 cubic inches.

{ Kil"o*me`ter (?), Kil"o*me`tre }, n. [F. kilometre. See Kilogram, and Meter.] A measure of length, being a thousand meters. It is equal to 3,280.8 feet, or .62137 of a mile.

Kil"o*stere` (?), n. [F. kilostere. See Kilogram, and Stere.] A cubic measure containing 1000 cubic meters, and equivalent to 35,315 cubic feet.

Kil"o*watt (?), n. [See Kilogram and Watt.] (Elec.) One thousand watts.

Kilt (&?;), p. p. from Kill. [Obs.] Spenser.

Kilt, n. [OGael. cealt clothes, or rather perh. fr. Dan. kilte op to truss, tie up, tuck up.] A kind of short petticoat, reaching from the waist to the knees, worn in the Highlands of Scotland by men, and in the Lowlands by young boys; a filibeg. [Written also kelt.]

Kilt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kilted; p. pr. & vb. n. Kilting.] To tuck up; to truss up, as the clothes. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Kilt"ed, a. 1. Having on a kilt.

2. Plaited after the manner of kilting.

3. Tucked or fastened up; -- said of petticoats, etc.

Kil"ter (?), n. See Kelter.

Kilt"ing (?), n. (Dressmaking) A perpendicular arrangement of flat, single plaits, each plait being folded so as to cover half the breadth of the preceding one.

Kim"bo (?), a. [Cf. Akimbo.] Crooked; arched; bent. [Written also kimbow.] Dryden.

Kim*me"ri*an (?), a. See Cimmerian.

Kim"nel (?), n. A tub. See Kemelin. [Obs.]

She knew not what a kimnel was

Beau. & Fl.

Kim"ry (?), n. See Cymry.

-kin (-kn). [Of Low German origin; cf. G. - chen, LG. -- ken.] A diminutive suffix; as, manikin; lambkin.

Kin (kn), n. (Mus.) A primitive Chinese instrument of the cittern kind, with from five to twenty-five silken strings. Riemann.

Kin, n. [OE. kin, cun, AS. cynn kin, kind, race, people; akin to cennan to beget, D. kunne sex, OS. & OHG. kunni kin, race, Icel. kyn, Goth. kuni, G. & D. kind a child, L. genus kind, race, L. gignere to beget, Gr. gi`gnesqai to be born, Skr. jan to beget. √44. Cf. Kind, King, Gender kind, Nation.] 1. Relationship, consanguinity, or affinity; connection by birth or marriage; kindred; near connection or alliance, as of those having common descent.

2. Relatives; persons of the same family or race.

The father, mother, and the kin beside.

Dryden.

You are of kin, and so a friend to their persons.

Bacon.

Kin, a. Of the same nature or kind; kinder. "Kin to the king." Shak.

Kin`æ*sod"ic (?), a. (Physiol.) Kinesodic.

||Kin`æs*the"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. kinei^n to move + &?; ||perception.] (Physiol.) The perception attendant upon the movements ||of the muscles. Bastian. || Ki"nate (?), n. [Cf. F. kinate. ] (Chem.) See Quinate. [Obsolescent]

Kin"cob (?), n. India silk brocaded with flowers in silver or gold. -- a. Of the nature of kincob; brocaded. Thackeray.

Kind (?), a. [Compar. Kinder (?); superl. Kindest.] [AS. cynde, gecynde, natural, innate, prop. an old p. p. from the root of E. kin. See Kin kindred.] 1. Characteristic of the species; belonging to one's nature; natural; native. [Obs.] Chaucer.

It becometh sweeter than it should be, and loseth the kind taste.

Holland.

2. Having feelings befitting our common nature; congenial; sympathetic; as, a kind man; a kind heart.

Yet was he kind, or if severe in aught, The love he bore to learning was his fault.

Goldsmith.

3. Showing tenderness or goodness; disposed to do good and confer happiness; averse to hurting or paining; benevolent; benignant; gracious.

He is kind unto the unthankful and to evil.

Luke vi 35.

O cruel Death, to those you take more kind Than to the wretched mortals left behind.

Waller.

A fellow feeling makes one wondrous kind.

Garrick.

4. Proceeding from, or characterized by, goodness, gentleness, or benevolence; as, a kind act. "Manners so kind, yet stately." Tennyson.

5. Gentle; tractable; easily governed; as, a horse kind in harness.

Syn. -- Benevolent; benign; beneficent; bounteous; gracious; propitious; generous; forbearing; indulgent; tender; humane; compassionate; good; lenient; clement; mild; gentle; bland; obliging; friendly; amicable. See Obliging.

Kind, n. [OE. kinde, cunde, AS. cynd. See Kind, a.] 1. Nature; natural instinct or disposition. [Obs.]

He knew by kind and by no other lore.

Chaucer.

Some of you, on pure instinct of nature, Are led by kind t'admire your fellow-creature.

Dryden.

2. Race; genus; species; generic class; as, in mankind or humankind. "Come of so low a kind." Chaucer.

Every kind of beasts, and of birds.

James iii.7.

She follows the law of her kind.

Wordsworth.

Here to sow the seed of bread, That man and all the kinds be fed.

Emerson.

3. Nature; style; character; sort; fashion; manner; variety; description; class; as, there are several kinds of eloquence, of style, and of music; many kinds of government; various kinds of soil, etc.

How diversely Love doth his pageants play, And snows his power in variable kinds !

Spenser.

There is one kind of flesh of men, another flesh of beasts, another of fishes, and another of birds.

I Cor. xv. 39.

Diogenes was asked in a kind of scorn: What was the matter that philosophers haunted rich men, and not rich men philosophers ?

Bacon.

A kind of, something belonging to the class of; something like to; -- said loosely or slightingly. In kind, in the produce or designated commodity itself, as distinguished from its value in money.

Tax on tillage was often levied in kind upon corn.

Arbuthnot.

Syn. -- Sort; species; class; genus; nature; style; character; breed; set.

Kind, v. t. [See Kin.] To beget. [Obs.] Spenser.

Kin"der*gar`ten (?), n. [G., lit., children's garden; kinder (pl. of kind child, akin to E. kin kindred) + garten garden.] A school for young children, conducted on the theory that education should be begun by gratifying and cultivating the normal aptitude for exercise, play, observation, imitation, and construction; -- a name given by Friedrich Froebel, a German educator, who introduced this method of training, in rooms opening on a garden.

Kin"der*gart`ner (?), n. One who teaches in a kindergarten.

Kind"-heart`ed (?), a. Having kindness of nature; sympathetic; characterized by a humane disposition; as, a kind-hearted landlord.

To thy self at least kind-hearted prove.

Shak.

Kind"-heart`ed*ness, n. The state or quality of being kind-hearted; benevolence.

Kin"dle (?), v. t. & i. [OE. kindlen, cundlen. See Kind.] To bring forth young. [Obs.] Shak.

The poor beast had but lately kindled.

Holland.

Kin`dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kindled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kindling (?).] [Icel. kyndill candle, torch; prob. fr. L. candela; cf. also Icel. kynda to kindle. Cf. Candle.] 1. To set on fire; to cause to burn with flame; to ignite; to cause to begin burning; to start; to light; as, to kindle a match, or shavings.

His breath kindleth coals.

Job xii. 21.

2. Fig.: To inflame, as the passions; to rouse; to provoke; to excite to action; to heat; to fire; to animate; to incite; as, to kindle anger or wrath; to kindle the flame of love, or love into a flame.

So is a contentious man to kindle strife.

Prov. xxvi. 21.

Nothing remains but that I kindle the boy thither.

Shak.

Kindling her undazzled eyes at the full midday beam.

Milton.

Could swell the soul to rage, or kindle soft desire.

Dryden.

Syn. -- Enkindle; light; ignite; inflame; provoke; excite; arouse; stir up.

<! p. 814 !>

Kin"dle (kn"d'l), v. i. 1. To take fire; to begin to burn with flame; to start as a flame.

When thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be burned; neither shall the flame kindle upon thee.

Is. xliii. 2.

2. Fig.: To begin to be excited; to grow warm or animated; to be roused or exasperated.

On all occasions where forbearance might be called for, the Briton kindles, and the Christian gives way.

I. Taylor.

Kin"dler (?), n. One who, or that which, kindles, stirs up, or sets on fire. "Kindlers of riot." Gay.

Kind"less (?), a. Destitute of kindness; unnatural.[Obs.] "Kindless villain." Shak.

Kind"li*ness (?), n. 1. Natural inclination; natural course. [Obs.] Milton.

2. The quality or state of being kindly; benignity; benevolence; gentleness; tenderness; as, kindliness of disposition, of treatment, or of words.

In kind a father, but not in kindliness.

Sackville.

3. Softness; mildness; propitiousness; as, kindliness of weather, or of a season.

Fruits and corn are much advanced by temper of the air and kindliness of seasons.

Whitlock.

Kin"dling (kn"dlng), n. 1. The act of causing to burn, or of exciting or inflaming the passions.

2. pl. Materials, easily lighted, for starting a fire.

Kind"ly (knd"l), a. [Compar. Kindlier (?); superl. Kindliest.] [AS. cyndelic. See Kind, n. ]

1. According to the kind or nature; natural. [R.]

The kindly fruits of the earth.

Book of Com. Prayer.

An herd of bulls whom kindly rage doth sting.

Spenser.

Whatsoever as the Son of God he may do, it is kindly for Him as the Son of Man to save the sons of men.

L. Andrews.

2. Humane; congenial; sympathetic; hence, disposed to do good to; benevolent; gracious; kind; helpful; as, kindly affections, words, acts, etc.

The shade by which my life was crossed, . . . Has made me kindly with my kind.

Tennyson.

3. Favorable; mild; gentle; auspicious; beneficent.

In soft silence shed the kindly shower.

Pope.

Should e'er a kindlier time ensue.

Wordsworth.

"Nothing ethical was connoted in kindly once: it was simply the adjective of kind. But it is God's ordinance that kind should be kindly, in our modern sense of the word as well; and thus the word has attained this meaning." Trench.

Kind"ly, adv. 1. Naturally; fitly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Examine how kindly the Hebrew manners of speech mix and incorporate with the English language

Addison.

2. In a kind manner; congenially; with good will; with a disposition to make others happy, or to oblige.

Be kindly affectioned one to another, with brotherly love.

Rom. xii. 10.

Kind"ness (?), n. [From Kind. a.] 1. The state or quality of being kind, in any of its various senses; manifestation of kind feeling or disposition beneficence.

I do fear thy nature; It is too full o' the milk of human kindness To catch the nearest way.

Shak.

Unremembered acts Of kindness and of love.

Wordsworth.

2. A kind act; an act of good will; as, to do a great kindness.

Syn. -- Good will; benignity; grace; tenderness; compassion; humanity; clemency; mildness; gentleness; goodness; generosity; beneficence; favor.

Kin"dred (?), n. [OE. kinrede, kynrede, kunreden (with excrescent d), fr. AS. cynn kin, race + the termination -rden, akin to AS. rdan to advise, G. rathen. Cf. Hatred.] 1. Relationship by birth or marriage; consanguinity; affinity; kin.

Like her, of equal kindred to the throne.

Dryden.

2. Relatives by blood or marriage, more properly the former; relations; persons related to each other.

I think there's no man is secure But the queen's kindred.

Shak.

Syn. -- Kin; kinsfolk; relatives; kinsmen; relations; relationship; affinity.

Kin"dred, a. Related; congenial; of the like nature or properties; as, kindred souls; kindred skies; kindred propositions.

True to the kindred points of heaven and home.

Wordsworth.

Kine (?), n. pl. [For older kyen, formed like oxen, fr. AS. c&?;, itself pl. of c&?; cow. See Cow, and cf. Kee, Kie.] Cows. "A herd of fifty or sixty kine." Milton.

{ Kin`e*mat"ic (?), Kin`e*mat"ic*al (?), } a. Of or pertaining to kinematics.

Kinematic curves, curves produced by machinery, or a combination of motions, as distinguished from mathematical curves.

Kin`e*mat"ics (?), n. [Gr. (&?;), (&?;) motion, fr. kinei^n to move.] (Physics) The science which treats of motions considered in themselves, or apart from their causes; the comparison and relation of motions.

Kinematics forms properly an introduction to mechanics, as involving the mathematical principles which are to be applied to its data of forces. Nichol.

Kine"pox` (?), n. (Med.) See Cowpox.

Kin"e*scope (&?;), n. See Kinetoscope.

Kin`e*si*at"rics (?), n. [Gr. (&?;) motion (fr. kinei^n to move) + (&?;) pertaining to medicine, fr. (&?;) a physician.] (Med.) A mode of treating disease by appropriate muscular movements; -- also termed kinesitherapy, kinesipathy, lingism, and the movement cure.

Kin`e*sip"a*thy (?), n. [Gr. &?; motion + pa`qos suffering.] (Med.) See Kinesiatrics.

Kin`e*si*ther"a*py (?), n. [Gr. &?; motion + &?; to heal.] (Med.) See Kinesiatrics.

Kin`e*sod"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; motion + &?; way: cf. F. kinésodigue.] (Physiol.) Conveying motion; as, kinesodic substance; -- applied esp. to the spinal cord, because it is capable of conveying doth voluntary and reflex motor impulses, without itself being affected by motor impulses applied to it directly.

Ki*net"ic (?), q. [Gr. &?;, from kinei^n to move.] (Physics) Moving or causing motion; motory; active, as opposed to latent.

Kinetic energy. See Energy, n. 4.

Ki*net"ics (?), n. (Physics) See Dynamics.

Ki*ne`to*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Gr. &?; movable + -scope.] An instrument for producing curves by the combination of circular movements; -- called also kinescope.

King (kng), n. A Chinese musical instrument, consisting of resonant stones or metal plates, arranged according to their tones in a frame of wood, and struck with a hammer.

King, n. [AS. cyng, cyning; akin to OS. kuning, D. koning, OHG. kuning, G. könig, Icel. konungr, Sw. konung, Dan. konge; formed with a patronymic ending, and fr. the root of E. kin; cf. Icel. konr a man of noble birth. &radic;44. See Kin.] 1. A chief ruler; a sovereign; one invested with supreme authority over a nation, country, or tribe, usually by hereditary succession; a monarch; a prince. "Ay, every inch a king." Shak.

Kings will be tyrants from policy, when subjects are rebels from principle.

Burke.

There was a State without king or nobles.

R. Choate.

But yonder comes the powerful King of Day, Rejoicing in the east

Thomson.

2. One who, or that which, holds a supreme position or rank; a chief among competitors; as, a railroad king; a money king; the king of the lobby; the king of beasts.

3. A playing card having the picture of a king; as, the king of diamonds.

4. The chief piece in the game of chess.

5. A crowned man in the game of draughts.

6. pl. The title of two historical books in the Old Testament.

King is often used adjectively, or in combination, to denote preëminence or superiority in some particular; as, kingbird; king crow; king vulture.

Apostolic king. See Apostolic. - - King-at-arms, or King-of- arms, the chief heraldic officer of a country. In England the king-at-arms was formerly of great authority. His business is to direct the heralds, preside at their chapters, and have the jurisdiction of armory. There are three principal kings-at- arms, viz., Garter, Clarencieux, and Norroy. The latter (literally north roy or north king) officiates north of the Trent. -- King auk (Zoöl.), the little auk or sea dove. -- King bird of paradise. (Zoöl.), See Bird of paradise. -- King card, in whist, the best unplayed card of each suit; thus, if the ace and king of a suit have been played, the queen is the king card of the suit. -- King Cole , a legendary king of Britain, who is said to have reigned in the third century. -- King conch (Zoöl.), a large and handsome univalve shell (Cassis cameo), found in the West Indies. It is used for making cameos. See Helmet shell, under Helmet. -- King Cotton, a popular personification of the great staple production of the southern United States. -- King crab. (Zoöl.) (a) The limulus or horseshoe crab. See Limulus. (b) The large European spider crab or thornback (Maia squinado). -- King crow. (Zoöl.) (a) A black drongo shrike (Buchanga atra) of India; -- so called because, while breeding, they attack and drive away hawks, crows, and other large birds. (b) The Dicrurus macrocercus of India, a crested bird with a long, forked tail. Its color is black, with green and blue reflections. Called also devil bird. -- King duck (Zoöl.), a large and handsome eider duck (Somateria spectabilis), inhabiting the arctic regions of both continents. -- King eagle (Zoöl.), an eagle (Aquila heliaca) found in Asia and Southeastern Europe. It is about as large as the golden eagle. Some writers believe it to be the imperial eagle of Rome. -- King hake (Zoöl.), an American hake (Phycis regius), found in deep water along the Atlantic coast. -- King monkey (Zoöl.), an African monkey (Colobus polycomus), inhabiting Sierra Leone. -- King mullet (Zoöl.), a West Indian red mullet (Upeneus maculatus); -- so called on account of its great beauty. Called also goldfish. -- King of terrors, death. -- King parrakeet (Zoöl.), a handsome Australian parrakeet (Platycercys scapulatus), often kept in a cage. Its prevailing color is bright red, with the back and wings bright green, the rump blue, and tail black. -- King penguin (Zoöl.), any large species of penguin of the genus Aptenodytes; esp., A. longirostris, of the Falkland Islands and Kerguelen Land, and A. Patagonica, of Patagonia. -- King rail (Zoöl.), a small American rail (Rallus elegans), living in fresh- water marshes. The upper parts are fulvous brown, striped with black; the breast is deep cinnamon color. -- King salmon (Zoöl.), the quinnat. See Quinnat. -- King's, or Queen's, counsel (Eng. Law), barristers learned in the law, who have been called within the bar, and selected to be the king's or queen's counsel. They answer in some measure to the advocates of the revenue (advocati fisci) among the Romans. They can not be employed against the crown without special license. Wharton's Law Dict. -- King's cushion, a temporary seat made by two persons crossing their hands. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. -- The king's English, correct or current language of good speakers; pure English. Shak. -- King's or Queen's, evidence, testimony in favor of the Crown by a witness who confesses his guilt as an accomplice. See under Evidence. [Eng.] -- King's evil, scrofula; -- so called because formerly supposed to be healed by the touch of a king. -- King snake (Zoöl.), a large, nearly black, harmless snake (Ophiobolus getulus) of the Southern United States; -- so called because it kills and eats other kinds of snakes, including even the rattlesnake. -- King's spear (Bot.), the white asphodel (Asphodelus albus). -- King's yellow, a yellow pigment, consisting essentially of sulphide and oxide of arsenic; -- called also yellow orpiment. -- King tody (Zoöl.), a small fly-catching bird (Eurylaimus serilophus) of tropical America. The head is adorned with a large, spreading, fan-shaped crest, which is bright red, edged with black. -- King vulture (Zoöl.), a large species of vulture (Sarcorhamphus papa), ranging from Mexico to Paraguay, The general color is white. The wings and tail are black, and the naked carunculated head and the neck are briliantly colored with scarlet, yellow, orange, and blue. So called because it drives away other vultures while feeding. -- King wood, a wood from Brazil, called also violet wood, beautifully streaked in violet tints, used in turning and small cabinetwork. The tree is probably a species of Dalbergia. See Jacaranda.

King (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Kinged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Kinging). ] To supply with a king; to make a king of; to raise to royalty. [R.] Shak.

Those traitorous captains of Israel who kinged themselves by slaying their masters and reigning in their stead.

South.