Chapter 43

In"voice`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Invoiced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Invoicing (?).] To make a written list or account of, as goods to be sent to a consignee; to insert in a priced list; to write or enter in an invoice.

Goods, wares, and merchandise imported from Norway, and invoiced in the current dollar of Norway.

Madison.

In*voke" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Invoked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Invoking.] [F. invoquer, L. invocare; pref. in- in, on + vocare to call, fr. vox voice. See Voice, and cf. Invocate.] To call on for aid or protection; to invite earnestly or solemnly; to summon; to address in prayer; to solicit or demand by invocation; to implore; as, to invoke the Supreme Being, or to invoke His and blessing.

Go, my dread lord, to your great grandsire's tomb, . . . Invoke his warlike spirit.

Shak.

In*vol"u*cel (?; 277), n. [Dim. of involucre, or involucrum: cf. F. involucelle.] (Bot.) A partial, secondary, or small involucre. See Illust. of Involucre.

In`vo*lu"cel*late (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with involucels.

||In`vo*lu*cel"lum (?), n.; pl. Involucella (#). [NL.] See Involucel. || In`vo*lu"cral (?), a. [Cf. F. involucral.] Pertaining to, possessing, or like, an involucrum.

{ In`vo*lu"crate (?), In`vo*lu"cra*ted (?), } a. (Bot.) Having an involucre; involucred.

In"vo*lu`cre (?; 277), n. [L. involucrum a covering, wrapper, fr. involvere to wrap up, envelop: cf. F. involucre. See Involve.] (Bot.) (a) A whorl or set of bracts around a flower, umbel, or head. (b) A continuous marginal covering of sporangia, in certain ferns, as in the common brake, or the cup-shaped processes of the filmy ferns. (c) The peridium or volva of certain fungi. Called also involucrum.

In"vo*lu`cred (?), a. (Bot.) Having an involucre, as umbels, heads, etc. Martyn.

In`vo*lu"cret (?), n. (Bot.) An involucel.

||In`vo*lu"crum (?), n.; pl. L. Involucra (#), E. Involucrums (#). [L. ||See Involucre.] || 1. (Bot.) See Involucre.

2. (Zoöl.) A sheath which surrounds the base of the lasso cells in the Siphonophora.

In*vol"un*ta*ri*ly (?), adv. [From Involuntary.] In an involuntary manner; not voluntarily; not intentionally or willingly.

In*vol"un*ta*ri*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being involuntary; unwillingness; automatism.

In*vol"un*ta*ry (?), a. [L. involuntarius. See In- not, and Voluntary.]

1. Not having will or the power of choice.

2. Not under the influence or control of the will; not voluntary; as, the involuntary movements of the body; involuntary muscle fibers.

3. Not proceeding from choice; done unwillingly; reluctant; compulsory; as, involuntary submission.

{ In"vo*lute (?), In"vo*lu`ted (?), } a. [L. involutus, p. p. of involvere. See Involve.] 1. (Bot.) Rolled inward from the edges; -- said of leaves in vernation, or of the petals of flowers in æstivation. Gray.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) Turned inward at the margin, as the exterior lip of the Cyprea. (b) Rolled inward spirally.

In"vo*lute, n. (Geom.) A curve traced by the end of a string wound upon another curve, or unwound from it; -- called also evolvent. See Evolute.

In`vo*lu"tion (?), n. [L. involutio: cf. F. involution. See Involve.]

1. The act of involving or infolding.

2. The state of being entangled or involved; complication; entanglement.

All things are mixed, and causes blended, by mutual involutions.

Glanvill.

3. That in which anything is involved, folded, or wrapped; envelope. Sir T. Browne.

4. (Gram.) The insertion of one or more clauses between the subject and the verb, in a way that involves or complicates the construction.

5. (Math.) The act or process of raising a quantity to any power assigned; the multiplication of a quantity into itself a given number of times; -- the reverse of evolution.

6. (Geom.) The relation which exists between three or more sets of points, a.a′, b.b′, c.c′, so related to a point O on the line, that the product Oa.Oa′ = Ob.Ob′ = Oc.Oc′ is constant. Sets of lines or surfaces possessing corresponding properties may be in involution.

7. (Med.) The return of an enlarged part or organ to its normal size, as of the uterus after pregnancy.

In*volve" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Involved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Involving.] [L. involvere, involutum, to roll about, wrap up; pref. in- in + volvere to roll: cf. OF. involver. See Voluble, and cf. Involute.]

1. To roll or fold up; to wind round; to entwine.

Some of serpent kind . . . involved Their snaky folds.

Milton.

2. To envelop completely; to surround; to cover; to hide; to involve in darkness or obscurity.

And leave a singèd bottom all involved With stench and smoke.

Milton.

3. To complicate or make intricate, as in grammatical structure. "Involved discourses." Locke.

4. To connect with something as a natural or logical consequence or effect; to include necessarily; to imply.

He knows His end with mine involved.

Milton.

The contrary necessarily involves a contradiction.

Tillotson.

5. To take in; to gather in; to mingle confusedly; to blend or merge. [R.]

The gathering number, as it moves along, Involves a vast involuntary throng.

Pope.

Earth with hell To mingle and involve.

Milton.

6. To envelop, infold, entangle, or embarrass; as, to involve a person in debt or misery.

7. To engage thoroughly; to occupy, employ, or absorb. "Involved in a deep study." Sir W. Scott.

8. (Math.) To raise to any assigned power; to multiply, as a quantity, into itself a given number of times; as, a quantity involved to the third or fourth power.

Syn. -- To imply; include; implicate; complicate; entangle; embarrass; overwhelm. -- To Involve, Imply. Imply is opposed to express, or set forth; thus, an implied engagement is one fairly to be understood from the words used or the circumstances of the case, though not set forth in form. Involve goes beyond the mere interpretation of things into their necessary relations; and hence, if one thing involves another, it so contains it that the two must go together by an indissoluble connection. War, for example, involves wide spread misery and death; the premises of a syllogism involve the conclusion.

In*volved" (?), a. (Zoöl.) Same as Involute.

In*volv"ed*ness (?), n. The state of being involved.

In*volve"ment (?), n. The act of involving, or the state of being involved. Lew Wallace.

In*vul"gar (?), v. t. [Pref. in- in + vulgar.] To cause to become or appear vulgar. [Obs.] Daniel.

In*vul"gar, a. [Pref. in- not + vulgar.] Not vulgar; refined; elegant. [Obs.] Drayton.

In*vul"ner*a*bil`i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. invulnérabilité.] Quality or state of being invulnerable.

In*vul"ner*a*ble (?), a. [L. invulnerabilis: cf. F. invulnérable. See In- not, and Vulnerable.]

1. Incapable of being wounded, or of receiving injury.

Neither vainly hope To be invulnerable in those bright arms.

Milton.

2. Unanswerable; irrefutable; that can not be refuted or convinced; as, an invulnerable argument.

In*vul"ner*a*ble*ness, n. Invulnerability.

In*vul"ner*ate (?), a. [L. invulneratus unwounded.] Invulnerable.

In*wall" (n*wl"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inwalled (-wld"); p. pr. & vb. n. Inwalling.] To inclose or fortify as with a wall. Spenser.

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In"wall` (n"wl`), n. An inner wall; specifically (Metal.), the inner wall, or lining, of a blast furnace.

In"ward (n*wrd), a. [AS. inweard, inneweard, innanweard, fr. innan, inne, within (fr. in in; see In) + the suffix -weard, E. -ward.]

1. Being or placed within; inner; interior; - - opposed to outward. Milton.

2. Seated in the mind, heart, spirit, or soul. "Inward beauty." Shak.

3. Intimate; domestic; private. [Obs.]

All my inward friends abhorred me.

Job xix. 19.

He had had occasion, by one very inward with him, to know in part the discourse of his life.

Sir P. Sidney.

In"ward, n. 1. That which is inward or within; especially, in the plural, the inner parts or organs of the body; the viscera. Jer. Taylor.

Then sacrificing, laid the inwards and their fat.

Milton.

2. The mental faculties; -- usually pl. [Obs.]

3. An intimate or familiar friend or acquaintance. [Obs.] "I was an inward of his." Shak.

{ In"ward (?), In"wards (?), } adv. [AS. inweard. The ending -s is prop. a genitive ending. See Inward, a., -wards.]

1. Toward the inside; toward the center or interior; as, to bend a thing inward.

2. Into, or toward, the mind or thoughts; inwardly; as, to turn the attention inward.

So much the rather, thou Celestial Light, Shine inward.

Milton.

In"ward*ly (?), adv. [AS. inweardlice.]

1. In the inner parts; internally.

Let Benedick, like covered fire, Consume away in sighs, waste inwardly.

Shak.

2. Toward the center; inward; as, to curve inwardly.

3. In the heart or mind; mentally; privately; secretly; as, he inwardly repines.

4. Intimately; thoroughly. [Obs.]

I shall desire to know him more inwardly.

Beau. & Fl.

In"ward*ness, n. 1. Internal or true state; essential nature; as, the inwardness of conduct.

Sense can not arrive to the inwardness Of things.

Dr. H. More.

2. Intimacy; familiarity. [Obs.] Shak.

3. Heartiness; earnestness.

What was wanted was more inwardness, more feeling.

M. Arnold.

In"wards (?), adv. See Inward.

In*weave" (?), v. t. To weave in or together; to intermix or intertwine by weaving; to interlace.

Down they cast Their crowns, inwove with amaranth and gold.

Milton.

In*wheel" (?), v. t. To encircle. [R.] Beau. & Fl.

In"wit (?), n. Inward sense; mind; understanding; conscience. [Obs.] Wyclif.

In*with" (?), prep. Within. [Obs.]

This purse hath she inwith her bosom hid.

Chaucer.

In*work" (?), v. t. & i. [Pref. in- + work. Cf. Inwrought.] To work in or within.

In"worn` (?), p. a. Worn, wrought, or stamped in. [R.] Milton.

In*wrap" (?), v. t. [Written also enwrap.]

1. To cover by wrapping; to involve; to infold; as, to inwrap in a cloak, in smoke, etc.

2. To involve, as in difficulty or perplexity; to perplex. [R.] Bp. Hall.

In*wreathe" (?), v. t. To surround or encompass as with a wreath. [Written also enwreathe.]

Resplendent locks, inwreathed with beams.

Milton.

In*wrought" (?), p. p. or a. [Pref. in- + wrought. Cf. Inwork.] Wrought or worked in or among other things; worked into any fabric so as to from a part of its texture; wrought or adorned, as with figures.

His mantle hairy, and his bonnet sedge, Inwrought with figures dim.

Milton.

I"o (?), n.; pl. Ios (#). [L.; cf. Gr. "iw`.] An exclamation of joy or triumph; -- often interjectional.

I"od- (?). (Chem.) See Iodo- .

I"o*dal ("*dal), n. [Iod- + alcohol.] (Chem.) An oily liquid, CI3.CHO, analogous to chloral and bromal.

I"o*date ("*dt), n. (Chem.) A salt of iodic acid.

I`od*hy"drin (?), n. [Iod- + chlorhydrin.] (Chem.) One of a series of compounds containing iodine, and analogous to the chlorhydrins.

I*od"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. iodique. See Iodine.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, iodine; specif., denoting those compounds in which it has a relatively high valence; as, iodic acid.

Iodic acid, a monobasic acid, consisting of iodine with three parts of oxygen and one of hydrogen.

I"o*dide (?), n. (Chem.) A binary compound of iodine, or one which may be regarded as binary; as, potassium iodide.

I"o*dine ("*dn or -dn; 104), n. [Gr. 'iw`dhs violetlike; 'i`on a violet + e'i^dos form: cf. F. iode, iodine. The name was given from the violet color of its vapor. See Violet, Idyl.] (Chem.) A nonmetallic element, of the halogen group, occurring always in combination, as in the iodides. When isolated it is in the form of dark gray metallic scales, resembling plumbago, soft but brittle, and emitting a chlorinelike odor. Symbol I. Atomic weight 126.5. If heated, iodine volatilizes in beautiful violet vapors.

Iodine was formerly obtained from the ashes of seaweed (kelp or varec), but is now also extracted from certain natural brines. In the free state, iodine, even in very minute quantities, colors starch blue. Iodine and its compounds are largely used in medicine (as in liniments, antisyphilitics, etc.), in photography, in the preparation of aniline dyes, and as an indicator in titration.

Iodine green, an artificial green dyestuff, consisting of an iodine derivative of rosaniline; -- called also night green. -- Iodine scarlet, a pigment of an intense scarlet color, consisting of mercuric iodide. -- Iodine yellow, a brilliant yellow pigment, consisting of plumbic iodide.

I"o*dism (?), n. (Med.) A morbid state produced by the use of iodine and its compounds, and characterized by palpitation, depression, and general emaciation, with a pustular eruption upon the skin.

I"o*dize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Iodized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Iodizing (?).] To treat or impregnate with iodine or its compounds; as, to iodize a plate for photography. R. Hunt.

I"o*di`zer (?), n. One who, or that which, iodizes.

{ I"o*do- (?), I"od- (?). } (Chem.) A prefix, or combining from, indicating iodine as an ingredient; as, iodoform.

I*od"o*form (?), n. [Iodo- + formyl. See Formyl, and cf. Chloroform.] (Chem.) A yellow, crystalline, volatile substance, CI3H, having an offensive odor and sweetish taste, and analogous to chloroform. It is used in medicine as a healing and antiseptic dressing for wounds and sores.

I`o*do*qui"nine (?), n. [Iodo- + quinine.] (Chem.) A iodide of quinine obtained as a brown substance. It is the base of herapathite. See Herapathite.

I"o*dous (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, iodine. See -ous (chemical suffix).

Iodous acid, a hypothetical acid, analogous to chlorous acid.

I*od"u*ret (?), n. (Chem.) Iodide. [Obs.]

I*od"y*rite (?), n. [From Iodine.] (Min.) Silver iodide, a mineral of a yellowish color.

I"o*lite ("*lt), n. [Gr. 'i`on a violet + -lite.] (Min.) A silicate of alumina, iron, and magnesia, having a bright blue color and vitreous luster; cordierite. It is remarkable for its dichroism, and is also called dichroite.

I"o moth` (?; 115). (Zoöl.) A large and handsome American moth (Hyperchiria Io), having a large, bright-colored spot on each hind wing, resembling the spots on the tail of a peacock. The larva is covered with prickly hairs, which sting like nettles.

-ion (?; 106). [L. -io, acc. -ionem: cf. F. -ion.] A noun suffix denoting act, process, result of an act or a process, thing acted upon, state, or condition; as, revolution, the act or process of revolving; construction, the act or process of constructing; a thing constructed; dominion, territory ruled over; subjection, state of being subject; dejection; abstraction.

I"on ("n), n. [Gr. 'io`n, neut, of 'iw`n, p. pr. of 'ie`nai to go.] (Elec. Chem.) One of the elements which appear at the respective poles when a body is subjected to electro-chemical decomposition. Cf. Anion, Cation.

I*o"ni*an (?), a. [L. Ionius. See Ionic.] Of or pertaining to Ionia or the Ionians; Ionic. -- n. A native or citizen of Ionia.

I*on"ic (?), a. [L. Ionicus, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; Ionia.]

1. Of or pertaining to Ionia or the Ionians.

2. (Arch.) Pertaining to the Ionic order of architecture, one of the three orders invented by the Greeks, and one of the five recognized by the Italian writers of the sixteenth century. Its distinguishing feature is a capital with spiral volutes. See Illust. of Capital.

Ionic dialect (Gr. Gram.), a dialect of the Greek language, used in Ionia. The Homeric poems are written in what is designated old Ionic, as distinguished from new Ionic, or Attic, the dialect of all cultivated Greeks in the period of Athenian prosperity and glory. -- Ionic foot. (Pros.) See Ionic, n., 1. -- Ionic, or Ionian, mode (Mus.), an ancient mode, supposed to correspond with the modern major scale of C. -- Ionic sect, a sect of philosophers founded by Thales of Miletus, in Ionia. Their distinguishing tenet was, that water is the original principle of all things. -- Ionic type, a kind of heavy- faced type (as that of the following line).

This is Nonpareil Ionic.

I*on"ic, n. 1. (Pros.) (a) A foot consisting of four syllables: either two long and two short, -- that is, a spondee and a pyrrhic, in which case it is called the greater Ionic; or two short and two long, -- that is, a pyrrhic and a spondee, in which case it is called the smaller Ionic. (b) A verse or meter composed or consisting of Ionic feet.

2. The Ionic dialect; as, the Homeric Ionic.

3. (Print.) Ionic type.

||I`o*nid"i*um (?), n. [NL. Cf. Iodine.] (Bot.) A genus of violaceous ||plants, chiefly found in tropical America, some species of which are ||used as substitutes for ipecacuanha. || I"o*qua shell` (?). [From the native name.] (Zoöl.) The shell of a large Dentalium (D. pretiosum), formerly used as shell money, and for ornaments, by the Indians of the west coast of North America.

I*o"ta (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. 'iw^ta. See Jot.]

1. The ninth letter of the Greek alphabet (&iota;) corresponding with the English i.

2. A very small quantity or degree; a jot; a particle.

They never depart an iota from the authentic formulas of tyranny and usurpation.

Burke.

Iota subscript (Gr. Gram.), iota written beneath a preceding vowel, as a,, h,, w,, -- done when iota is silent.

I*o"ta*cism (*"t*sz'm), n. [Gr. 'iotakismo`s a laying too much stress upon the iota (&iota;): cf. F. iotacisme. See Iota.] The frequent use of the sound of iota (that of English e in be), as among the modern Greeks; also, confusion from sounding &epsilon;, &iota;, &eta;, &upsilon;, &epsilon;&iota;, etc., like &iota;. Littré.

I O U (?). [i. e., I owe you.] A paper having on it these letters, with a sum named, and duly signed; -- in use in England as an acknowledgment of a debt, and taken as evidence thereof, but not amounting to a promissory note; a due bill. Wharton. Story.

I"o*was (?), n. pl.; sing. Iowa. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians which formerly occupied the region now included in the State of Iowa.

Ip"e*cac (p"*kk), n. An abbreviation of Ipecacuanha, and in more frequent use.

Ip`e*cac`u*an"ha (p`*kk`*n"), n. [Pg. ipecacuanha (cf. Sp. ipecacuana); fr. Braz. ipe-kaa-guena, prop., a creeping plant that causes vomiting.] (Med. & Bot.) The root of a Brazilian rubiaceous herb (Cephaëlis Ipecacuanha), largely employed as an emetic; also, the plant itself; also, a medicinal extract of the root. Many other plants are used as a substitutes; among them are the black or Peruvian ipecac (Psychotria emetica), the white ipecac (Ionidium Ipecacuanha), the bastard or wild ipecac (Asclepias Curassavica), and the undulated ipecac (Richardsonia scabra).

Ip"o*cras (?), n. Hippocras. [Obs.] Chaucer.

||Ip`o*mœ"a (p`*m"), n. [NL. "Named, according to Linnæus, from Gr. ||'i`ps, 'ipo`s, a bindweed [which it is not], and "o`moios like." ||Gray.] (Bot.) A genus of twining plants with showy monopetalous ||flowers, including the morning-glory, the sweet potato, and the ||cypress vine. || Ip`o*mœ"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the oxidation of convolvulin (obtained from jalap, the tubers of Ipomœa purga), and identical in most of its properties with sebacic acid.

Ir- (?). A form of the prefix in-. See In- .

I"ra*cund (?), a. [L. iracundus, fr. ira anger.] Irascible; choleric. "Iracund people." Carlyle.

I*ra"de (*rä"d), n. [Turk.] A decree of the Sultan.

I`ran" (`rän"), n. [Mod. Persian Irn. Cf. Aryan.] The native name of Persia.

I*ra"ni*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Iran. -- n. A native of Iran; also, the Iranian or Persian language, a division of the Aryan family of languages.

I*ran"ic (?), a. Iranian.

I*ras`ci*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. irascibilité.] The quality or state of being irascible; irritability of temper; irascibleness.

I*ras"ci*ble (?), a. [L. irascibilis, fr. irasci to be angry, ira anger: cf. F. irascible. See Ire.] Prone to anger; easily provoked or inflamed to anger; choleric; irritable; as, an irascible man; an irascible temper or mood. -- I*ras"ci*ble*ness, n. -- I*ras"ci*bly, adv.

I*rate" (?), a. [L. iratus, fr. irasci to be angry. See Ire.] Angry; incensed; enraged. [Recent]

The irate colonel . . . stood speechless.

Thackeray.

Mr. Jaggers suddenly became most irate.

Dickens.

Ire (?), n. [F., fr. L. ira.] Anger; wrath. [Poet.]

Syn. -- Anger; passion; rage; fury. See Anger.

Ire"ful (?), a. Full of ire; angry; wroth. "The ireful bastard Orleans." Shak. -- Ire"ful*ly, adv.

Ire"ful*ness, n. Wrathfulness. Wyclif.

I"re*narch (?), n. [L. irenarcha, irenarches, Gr. &?;; &?; peace + &?; to rule.] (Gr. Antiq.) An officer in the Greek empire having functions corresponding to those of a justice of the peace. [Written also eirenarch.]

{ I*ren"ic (?), I*ren"ic*al (?), } a. [Gr. &?;.] Fitted or designed to promote peace; pacific; conciliatory; peaceful. Bp. Hall.

||I*ren"i*con (?), n. [NL., from Gr. &?; peaceful, fr. &?; peace.] A ||proposition or device for securing peace, especially in the church. ||South. || I*ren"ics (?), n. (Eccl.) That branch of Christian science which treats of the methods of securing unity among Christians or harmony and union among the churches; -- called also Irenical theology. Schaff- Herzog.

Ire"stone` (?), n. (Mining) Any very hard rock.

I"ri*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the iris. "Irian nerves." Dunglison.

I"ri*cism (?), n. Irishism. [R.] Jeffrey.

{ Ir`i*da"ceous (?), I*rid"e*ous (?), } a. [From NL. Iris, Iridis, the Iris.] (Bot.) Pertaining to, or resembling, a large natural order of endogenous plants (Iridaceæ), which includes the genera Iris, Ixia, Crocus, Gladiolus, and many others.

I"ri*dal (?; 277), a. [L. iris, iridis, rainbow. See Iris.] Of or pertaining to the iris or rainbow; prismatic; as, the iridal colors. Whewell.

Ir`i*dec"to*my (?), n. [Gr. &?;, &?;, iris + &?; cutting out; &?; out + te`mnein to cut.] (Surg.) The act or process of cutting out a portion of the iris in order to form an artificial pupil.

Ir`i*des"cence (?), n. [See Iridescent.] Exhibition of colors like those of the rainbow; the quality or state of being iridescent; a prismatic play of color; as, the iridescence of mother-of-pearl.

Ir`i*des"cent (?; 277), a. [L. iris, iridis, the rainbow: cf. F. iridescent.] Having colors like the rainbow; exhibiting a play of changeable colors; nacreous; prismatic; as, iridescent glass.

I*rid"i*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the iris or rainbow.

I*rid"i*a`ted (?), a. Iridescent.

I*rid"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the iris of the eye.

I*rid"ic, a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to iridium; -- said specifically of those compounds in which iridium has a relatively high valence.

I*rid"i*o*scope (?), n. [See Iris, and -scope.] A kind of ophthalmoscope.

I*rid"i*ous (*rd"*s), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to iridium; -- applied specifically to compounds in which iridium has a low valence.

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I*rid"i*um (*rd"*m), n. [NL., fr. L. iris, iridis, the rainbow. So called from the iridescence of some of its solutions. See Iris.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element, of the same group as platinum, which it much resembles, being silver-white, but harder, and brittle, and indifferent to most corrosive agents. With the exception of osmium, it is the heaviest substance known, its specific gravity being 22.4. Symbol Ir. Atomic weight 192.5.

Iridium usually occurs as a native alloy with osmium (iridosmine or osmiridium), which may occur alone or with platinum. Iridium, as an alloy with platinum, is used in bushing the vents of heavy ordnance. It is also used for the points of gold pens, and in a finely powdered condition (iridium black), for painting porcelain black.

Ir"i*dize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Iridized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Iridizing (?).]

1. To point or tip with iridium, as a gold pen.

2. To make iridescent; as, to iridize glass.

I*rid"o*line (?), n. [Iridescent + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous base C10H9N, extracted from coal-tar naphtha, as an oily liquid. It is a member of the quinoline series, and is probably identical with lepidine.