Chapter 35

In`tel*lec"tu*al*ize (?), v. t. 1. To treat in an intellectual manner; to discuss intellectually; to reduce to intellectual form; to express intellectually; to idealize.

Sentiment is intellectualized emotion.

Lowell.

2. To endow with intellect; to bestow intellectual qualities upon; to cause to become intellectual.

In`tel*lec"tu*al*ly, adv. In an intellectual manner.

In*tel"li*gence (?), n. [F. intelligence, L. intelligentia, intellegentia. See Intelligent.]

1. The act or state of knowing; the exercise of the understanding.

2. The capacity to know or understand; readiness of comprehension; the intellect, as a gift or an endowment.

And dimmed with darkness their intelligence.

Spenser.

3. Information communicated; news; notice; advice.

Intelligence is given where you are hid.

Shak.

4. Acquaintance; intercourse; familiarity. [Obs.]

He lived rather in a fair intelligence than any friendship with the favorites.

Clarendon.

5. Knowledge imparted or acquired, whether by study, research, or experience; general information.

I write as he that none intelligence Of meters hath, ne flowers of sentence.

Court of Love.

6. An intelligent being or spirit; -- generally applied to pure spirits; as, a created intelligence. Milton.

The great Intelligences fair That range above our mortal state, In circle round the blessed gate, Received and gave him welcome there.

Tennyson.

Intelligence office, an office where information may be obtained, particularly respecting servants to be hired.

Syn. -- Understanding; intellect; instruction; advice; notice; notification; news; information; report.

In*tel"li*gen*cer (?), n. One who, or that which, sends or conveys intelligence or news; a messenger.

All the intriguers in foreign politics, all the spies, and all the intelligencers . . . acted solely upon that principle.

Burke.

In*tel"li*gen*cing (?), a. Informing; giving information; talebearing. [Obs.] Shak.

That sad intelligencing tyrant.

Milton.

In*tel"li*gen*cy (?), n. Intelligence. [Obs.] Evelyn.

In*tel"li*gent (?), a. [L. intelligens, intellegens, -entis, p. pr. of intelligere, intellegere, to perceive; inter between + legere to gather, collect, choose: cf. F. intelligent. See Legend.]

1. Endowed with the faculty of understanding or reason; as, man is an intelligent being.

2. Possessed of intelligence, education, or judgment; knowing; sensible; skilled; marked by intelligence; as, an intelligent young man; an intelligent architect; an intelligent answer.

3. Cognizant; aware; communicative. [Obs.]

Intelligent of seasons.

Milton.

Which are to France the spies and speculations Intelligent of our state.

Shak.

Syn. -- Sensible; understanding. See Sensible.

In*tel`li*gen"tial (?), a. [Cf. F. intelligentiel.] [R.]

1. Of or pertaining to the intelligence; exercising or implying understanding; intellectual. "With act intelligential." Milton.

2. Consisting of unembodied mind; incorporeal.

Food alike those pure Intelligential substances require.

Milton.

In*tel`li*gen"tia*ry (?), n. One who gives information; an intelligencer. [Obs.] Holinshed.

In*tel"li*gent*ly (?), adv. In an intelligent manner; with intelligence.

In*tel`li*gi*bil"i*ty (?), [Cf. F. intelligilibilité.] The quality or state of being intelligible; clearness; perspicuity; definiteness.

In*tel"li*gi*ble (?), [L. intellegibilis: cf. F. intelligible. See Intelligent.] Capable of being understood or comprehended; as, an intelligible account or description; intelligible pronunciation, writing, etc.

The intelligible forms of ancient poets.

Coleridge.

Syn. -- Comprehensible; perspicuous; plain; clear.

In*tel"li*gi*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being intelligible; intelligibility. Locke.

In*tel"li*gi*bly, adv. In an intelligible manner; so as to be understood; clearly; plainly; as, to write or speak intelligibly.

{ In*tem"er*ate (?), In*tem"er*a`ted (?), } a. [L. intemeratus; pref. in- not + temeratus defiled.] Pure; undefiled. [Obs.]

In*tem"er*ate*ness (?), n. The state of being unpolluted; purity. [Obs.] Donne.

In*tem"per*a*ment (?), n. A bad state; as, the intemperament of an ulcerated part. [R.] Harvey.

In*tem"per*ance (?), n. [F. intempérance, L. intemperantia. See In- not, and Temperance.]

1. The act of becoming, or state of being, intemperate; excess in any kind of action or indulgence; any immoderate indulgence of the appetites or passions.

God is in every creature; be cruel toward none, neither abuse any by intemperance.

Jer. Taylor.

Some, as thou sawest, by violent stroke shall die, By fire, flood, famine, by intemperance more In meats and drinks.

Milton.

2. Specifically: Habitual or excessive indulgence in alcoholic liquors.

In*tem"per*an*cy (?), n. Intemperance. [Obs.]

In*tem"per*ant (?), a. [L. intemperans, -antis. See In- not, and Temperant.] Intemperate. [Obs.]

Such as be intemperant, that is, followers of their naughty appetites and lusts.

Udall.

In*tem`per*ate (?), a. [L. intemperatus. See In- not, and Temperate.] 1. Indulging any appetite or passion to excess; immoderate in enjoyment or exertion.

2. Specifically, addicted to an excessive or habitual use of alcoholic liquors.

3. Excessive; ungovernable; inordinate; violent; immoderate; as, intemperate language, zeal, etc.; intemperate weather.

Most do taste through fond intemperate thirst.

Milton.

Use not thy mouth to intemperate swearing.

Ecclus. xxiii. 13.

In*tem`per*ate (?), v. t. To disorder. [Obs.]

In*tem`per*ate*ly (?), adv. In an intemperate manner; immoderately; excessively; without restraint.

The people . . . who behaved very unwisely and intemperately on that occasion.

Burke.

In*tem`per*ate*ness, n. 1. The state of being intemperate; excessive indulgence of any appetite or passion; as, intemperateness in eating or drinking.

2. Severity of weather; inclemency. Boyle.

By unseasonable weather, by intemperateness of the air or meteors.

Sir M. Hale.

In*tem"per*a*ture (?; 135), n. [Cf. OF. intemperature.] Intemperateness. [Obs.] Boyle.

In`tem*pes"tive (?), a. [L. intempestivus: cf. F. intempestif. See In- not, and Tempestive.] Out of season; untimely. [Obs.] Burton.

Intempestive bashfulness gets nothing.

Hales.

In`tem*pes"tive*ly, adv. Unseasonably. [Obs.]

In*tem`pes*tiv"i*ty (?), n. [L. intempestivitas: cf. F. intempestivité.] Unseasonableness; untimeliness. [Obs.] Hales.

In*ten"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + tenable: cf. F. intenable.] Incapable of being held; untenable; not defensible; as, an intenable opinion; an intenable fortress. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.

In*tend" (n*tnd"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intended; p. pr. & vb. n. Intending.] [OE. entenden to be attentive, F. entendre, fr. L. intendre, intentum, and intensum, to intend, attend, stretch out, extend; pref. in- in + tendere to stretch, stretch out. See Tend.]

1. To stretch; to extend; to distend. [Obs.]

By this the lungs are intended or remitted.

Sir M. Hale.

2. To strain; to make tense. [Obs.]

When a bow is successively intended and remedied.

Cudworth.

3. To intensify; to strengthen. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Magnetism may be intended and remitted.

Sir I. Newton.

4. To apply with energy.

Let him intend his mind, without respite, without rest, in one direction.

Emerson.

5. To bend or turn; to direct, as one's course or journey. [Archaic] Shak.

6. To fix the mind on; to attend to; to take care of; to superintend; to regard. [Obs.]

Having no children, she did, with singular care and tenderness, intend the education of Philip.

Bacon.

My soul, not being able to intend two things at once, abated of its fervency in praying.

Fuller.

7. To fix the mind upon (something to be accomplished); to be intent upon; to mean; to design; to plan; to purpose; -- often followed by an infinitely with to, or a dependent clause with that; as, he intends to go; he intends that she shall remain.

They intended evil against thee.

Ps. xxi. 11.

To-morrow he intends To hunt the boar with certain of his friends.

Shak.

8. To design mechanically or artistically; to fashion; to mold. [Obs.]

Modesty was made When she was first intended.

Beau. & Fl.

9. To pretend; to counterfeit; to simulate. [Obs.]

Intend a kind of zeal both to the prince and Claudio.

Shak.

Syn. -- To purpose; mean; design; plan; conceive; contemplate.

In*tend"an*cy (?), n.; pl. Intendancies (#). [Cf. F. intendance. See Intendant.]

1. The office or employment of an intendant.

2. A territorial district committed to the charge of an intendant.

In*tend"ant (?), n. [F. intendant, fr. L. intendere to direct (one's thoughts) to a thing. See Intend.] One who has the charge, direction, or management of some public business; a superintendent; as, an intendant of marine; an intendant of finance.

In*tend"ant, a. [See Intend.] Attentive. [Obs.]

In*tend"ed, a. 1. Made tense; stretched out; extended; forcible; violent. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. Purposed; designed; as, intended harm or help.

They drew a curse from an intended good.

Cowper.

3. Betrothed; affianced; as, an intended husband.

In*tend"ed, n. One with whom marriage is designed; one who is betrothed; an affianced lover.

If it were not that I might appear to disparage his intended, . . . I would add that to me she seems to be throwing herself away.

Dickens.

In*tend"ed*ly, adv. Intentionally. [R.] Milton.

In*tend"ent (?), n. See Intendant, n. [Obs.]

In*tend"er (?), n. One who intends. Feltham.

In*tend"i*ment (?), n. [LL. intendimentum. See Intendment.] Attention; consideration; knowledge; understanding. [Obs.] Spenser.

In*tend"ment (?), n. [OE. entendement understanding, insight, F. entendement, fr. LL. intendimentum. See Intend.]

1. Charge; oversight. [Obs.] Ford.

2. Intention; design; purpose.

The intendment of God and nature.

Jer. Taylor.

3. (Law) The true meaning, understanding, or intention of a law, or of any legal instrument.

In*ten"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intenerated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intenerating.] [Pref. in- in + L. tener soft, tender. See Tender, a.] To make tender or sensitive; to soften.

<! p. 775 !>

Fear intenerates the heart.

Bp. Hall.

So have I seen the little purls of a stream . . . intenerate the stubborn pavement.

Jer. Taylor.

In*ten"er*ate (n*tn"r*t), a. Made tender or soft; softened. [Obs.]

In*ten`er*a"tion (-"shn), n. The act or process of intenerating, or the state of being intenerated; softening. [R.] Bacon.

In*ten"i*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + L. tenere to hold: cf. L. intenibilis not to be grasped. Cf. Intenable.] Incapable of holding or containing. [Obs.]

This captious and intenible sieve.

Shak.

In*ten"sate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intensated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intensating.] [See Intense.] To intensify. [R.] Emerson.

In`ten*sa"tion (?), n. The act or process of intensifying; intensification; climax. [R.] Carlyle.

In*ten"sa*tive (?), a. Adding intensity; intensifying.

In*tense" (?), a. [L. intensus stretched, tight, p. p. of intendere to stretch: cf. F. intense. See Intend, and cf. Intent, and cf. Intent, a.]

1. Strained; tightly drawn; kept on the stretch; strict; very close or earnest; as, intense study or application; intense thought.

2. Extreme in degree; excessive; immoderate; as: (a) Ardent; fervent; as, intense heat. (b) Keen; biting; as, intense cold. (c) Vehement; earnest; exceedingly strong; as, intense passion or hate. (d) Very severe; violent; as, intense pain or anguish. (e) Deep; strong; brilliant; as, intense color or light.

In this intense seclusion of the forest.

Hawthorne.

In*tense"ly, adv. 1. Intently. [Obs.] J. Spencer.

2. To an extreme degree; as, weather intensely cold.

In*tense"ness, n. The state or quality of being intense; intensity; as, the intenseness of heat or cold; the intenseness of study or thought.

In*ten`si*fi*ca"tion (?), n. The act or process of intensifying, or of making more intense.

In*ten"si*fi`er (?), n. One who or that which intensifies or strengthens; in photography, an agent used to intensify the lights or shadows of a picture.

In*ten"si*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intensified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intensifying (?).] [Intense + - fly.] To render more intense; as, to intensify heat or cold; to intensify colors; to intensify a photographic negative; to intensify animosity. Bacon.

How piercing is the sting of pride By want embittered and intensified.

Longfellow.

In*ten"si*fy, v. i. To become intense, or more intense; to act with increasing power or energy.

In*ten"sion (?), n. [L. intensio: cf. F. intension. See Intend, and cf. Intention.]

1. A straining, stretching, or bending; the state of being strained; as, the intension of a musical string.

2. Increase of power or energy of any quality or thing; intenseness; fervency. Jer. Taylor.

Sounds . . . likewise do rise and fall with the intension or remission of the wind.

Bacon.

3. (Logic & Metaph.) The collective attributes, qualities, or marks that make up a complex general notion; the comprehension, content, or connotation; -- opposed to extension, extent, or sphere.

This law is, that the intension of our knowledge is in the inverse ratio of its extension.

Sir W. Hamilton.

In*ten"si*tive (?), a. Increasing the force or intensity of; intensive; as, the intensitive words of a sentence. H. Sweet.

In*ten"si*ty (?), n. [LL. intensitas: cf. F. intensité. See Intense.]

1. The state or quality of being intense; intenseness; extreme degree; as, intensity of heat, cold, mental application, passion, etc.

If you would deepen the intensity of light, you must be content to bring into deeper blackness and more distinct and definite outline the shade that accompanies it.

F. W. Robertson.

2. (Physics) The amount or degree of energy with which a force operates or a cause acts; effectiveness, as estimated by results produced.

3. (Mech.) The magnitude of a distributed force, as pressure, stress, weight, etc., per unit of surface, or of volume, as the case may be; as, the measure of the intensity of a total stress of forty pounds which is distributed uniformly over a surface of four square inches area is ten pounds per square inch.

4. (Photog.) The degree or depth of shade in a picture.

In*ten"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. intensif. See Intense.]

1. Stretched; admitting of intension, or increase of degree; that can be intensified. Sir M. Hale.

2. Characterized by persistence; intent; unremitted; assiduous; intense. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

3. (Gram.) Serving to give force or emphasis; as, an intensive verb or preposition.

In*ten"sive, n. That which intensifies or emphasizes; an intensive verb or word.

In*ten"sive*ly, adv. In an intensive manner; by increase of degree. Abp. Bramhall.

In*ten"sive*ness, n. The quality or state of being intensive; intensity. Sir M. Hale.

In*tent" (?), a. [L. intentus, p. p. of intendere. See Intend, and cf. Intense.]

1. Closely directed; strictly attentive; bent; -- said of the mind, thoughts, etc.; as, a mind intent on self-improvement.

2. Having the mind closely directed to or bent on an object; sedulous; eager in pursuit of an object; -- formerly with to, but now with on; as, intent on business or pleasure. "Intent on mischief." Milton.

Be intent and solicitous to take up the meaning of the speaker.

I. Watts.

In*tent", n. [OE. entent, entente, attention, purpose, OF. entente, F. entente understanding, meaning; a participial noun, fr. F. & OF. entendre. See Intend.] The act of turning the mind toward an object; hence, a design; a purpose; intention; meaning; drift; aim.

Be thy intents wicked or charitable.

Shak.

The principal intent of Scripture is to deliver the laws of duties supernatural.

Hooker.

>To all intents and purposes, in all applications or senses; >practically; really; virtually; essentially. "He was miserable to all >intents and purpose." L'Estrange. > Syn. -- Design; purpose; intention; meaning; purport; view; drift; object; end; aim; plan.

In`ten*ta"tion (?), n. Intention. [Obs.]

In*ten"tion (?), n. [F. intention, L. intentio. See Intend, and cf. Intension.]

1. A stretching or bending of the mind toward an object; closeness of application; fixedness of attention; earnestness.

Intention is when the mind, with great earnestness, and of choice, fixes its view on any idea.

Locke.

2. A determination to act in a certain way or to do a certain thing; purpose; design; as, an intention to go to New York.

Hell is paved with good intentions.

Johnson.

3. The object toward which the thoughts are directed; end; aim.

In [chronical distempers], the principal intention is to restore the tone of the solid parts.

Arbuthnot.

4. The state of being strained. See Intension. [Obs.]

5. (Logic) Any mental apprehension of an object.

First intention (Logic), a conception of a thing formed by the first or direct application of the mind to the individual object; an idea or image; as, man, stone. -- Second intention (Logic), a conception generalized from first intuition or apprehension already formed by the mind; an abstract notion; especially, a classified notion, as species, genus, whiteness. -- To heal by the first intention (Surg.), to cicatrize, as a wound, without suppuration. -- To heal by the second intention (Surg.), to unite after suppuration.

Syn. -- Design; purpose; object; aim; intent; drift; purport; meaning. See Design.

In*ten"tion*al (?), a. [Cf. F. intentionnel.] Done by intention or design; intended; designed; as, the act was intentional, not accidental.

In*ten`tion*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality or state of being intentional; purpose; design. Coleridge.

In*ten"tion*al*ly (?), adv. In an intentional manner; with intention; by design; of purpose.

In*ten"tioned (?), a. Having designs; -- chiefly used in composition; as, well-intentioned, having good designs; ill-intentioned, having ill designs.

In*ten"tive (?), a. [OE. ententif, OF. ententif, fr. L. intentivus intensive. See Intent, n., and cf. Intensive.] Attentive; intent. [Obs.] Spenser.

In*ten"tive*ly, adv. Attentively; closely. [Obs.] "Intentively to observe." Holland.

In*ten"tive*ness, n. Closeness of attention or application of mind; attentiveness. [Obs.] W. Montagu.

In*tent"ly (?), adv. In an intent manner; as, the eyes intently fixed.

Syn. -- Fixedly; steadfastly; earnestly; attentively; sedulously; diligently; eagerly.

In*tent"ness, n. The state or quality of being intent; close application; attention.

Extreme solicitude or intentness upon business.

South.

In"ter- (?). [L. inter, prep., among, between, a compar. form of in in; akin to intra, intro, within, Skr. antar between, in, and E. in. See In, and cf. Entrails, Interior, Enter-, Exterior.] A prefix signifying among, between, amid; as, interact, interarticular, intermit.

In*ter" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Interred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Interring (?).] [OE. enteren, OF. enterer, enterrer, LL. interrare; L. pref. in- in + terra the earth. See Terrace.] To deposit and cover in the earth; to bury; to inhume; as, to inter a dead body. Shak.

In`ter*act" (?), n. [Pref. inter- + act. Cf. Entr'acte.] A short act or piece between others, as in a play; an interlude; hence, intermediate employment or time. Chesterfield.

In`ter*act", v. i. To act upon each other; as, two agents mutually interact. Emerson. Tyndall.

In`ter*ac"tion (?), n. 1. Intermediate action.

2. Mutual or reciprocal action or influence; as, the interaction of the heart and lungs on each other.

In`ter*ad"di*tive (?), a. Added or placed between the parts of another thing, as a clause inserted parenthetically in a sentence.

In`ter*a"gen*cy (?), n. Intermediate agency.

In`ter*a"gent (?), n. An intermediate agent.

In"ter*all (?), n. Entrail or inside. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.

In`ter*al"ve*o*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Between alveoli; as, the interalveolar septa between adjacent air cells in the lungs.

In`ter*am`bu*la"cral (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the interambulacra.

||In`ter*am`bu*la"crum (?), n.; pl. L. Interambulacra (&?;), E. ||Interambulacrums (&?;). (Zoöl.) In echinoderms, one of the areas or ||zones intervening between two ambulacra. See Illust. of Ambulacrum. || In`ter*am"ni*an (?), a. [Pref. inter- + L. amnis river: cf. L. interamnus.] Situated between rivers. [R.] "An interamnian country." J. Bryant.

In`ter*an"i*mate (?), v. t. To animate or inspire mutually. [Obs.] Donne.

In`ter*ar`bo*ra"tion (?), n. The interweaving of branches of trees. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

In`ter*ar*tic"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Situated between joints or articulations; as, interarticular cartilages and ligaments.

In`ter*a*tom"ic (?), a. (Chem. & Physics) Between atoms; situated, or acting, between the atoms of bodies; as, interatomic forces.

In`ter*au"lic (?), a. Existing between royal courts. [R.] "Interaulic politics." Motley.

In`ter*au*ric"u*lar (?), a. (Anat.) Between the auricles; as, the interauricular partition of the heart.

In`ter*ax"al (?), a. (Arch.) Situated in an interaxis. Gwilt.

In`ter*ax"il*la*ry (?), a. (Bot.) Situated within or between the axils of leaves.

In`ter*ax"is (?), n.; pl. Interaxes (&?;). (Arch.) The space between two axes. See Axis, 6.

The doors, windows, niches, and the like, are then placed centrally in the interaxes.

Gwilt.

In`ter*bas*ta"tion (?), n. [Pref. inter- + baste to sew.] Patchwork. [Obs.] Dr. J. Smith.

In`ter*brach"i*al (?), a. (Zoöl.) Between the arms.

In`ter*brain` (?), n. (Anat.) See Thalamencephalon.

In`ter*bran"chi*al (?), a. (Zoöl.) Between the branchiæ.

In`ter*breed" (?), v. t. & i. To breed by crossing different stocks of animals or plants.

In*ter"ca*lar (?), a. Intercalary.

In*ter"ca*la*ry (?; 277), a. [L. intercalaris, intercalarius: cf. F. intercalaire. See Intercalate.]

1. (Chron.) Inserted or introduced among others in the calendar; as, an intercalary month, day, etc.; -- now applied particularly to the odd day (Feb. 29) inserted in the calendar of leap year. See Bissextile, n.

2. Introduced or inserted among others; additional; supernumerary. "Intercalary spines." Owen.

This intercalary line . . . is made the last of a triplet.

Beattie.

Intercalary day (Med.), one on which no paroxysm of an intermittent disease occurs. Mayne.

In*ter"ca*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Intercalated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Intercalating (?).] [L. intercalatus, p. p. of intercalare to intercalate to intercalate; inter between + calare to call, proclaim. See Calendar.]

1. (Chron.) To insert, as a day or other portion of time, in a calendar.

2. To insert among others, as a verse in a stanza; specif. (Geol.), to introduce as a bed or stratum, between the layers of a regular series of rocks.

Beds of fresh-water shells . . . are intercalated and interstratified with the shale.

Mantell.

In*ter`ca*la"tion (?), n. [L. intercalatio: cf. F. intercalation.]

1. (Chron.) The insertion of a day, or other portion of time, in a calendar.

2. The insertion or introduction of anything among others, as the insertion of a phrase, line, or verse in a metrical composition; specif. (Geol.), the intrusion of a bed or layer between other layers.

Intercalations of fresh-water species in some localities.

Mantell.

In`ter*ca*rot"id (?), a. (Anat.) Situated between the external and internal carotid arteries; as, an intercarotid ganglion.

In`ter*car"pal (?), a. (Anat.) Between the carpal bone; as, intercarpal articulations, ligaments.

In`ter*car`ti*lag"i*nous (?), a. (Anat.) Within cartilage; endochondral; as, intercartilaginous ossification.

In`ter*cav"ern*ous (?), a. (Anat.) Between the cavernous sinuses; as, the intercavernous sinuses connecting the cavernous sinuses at the base of the brain.

In`ter*cede" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Interceded; p. pr. & vb. n. Interceding.] [L. intercedere, intercessum; inter between + cedere to pass: cf. F. intercéder. See Cede.]

1. To pass between; to intervene. [Obs.]

He supposed that a vast period interceded between that origination and the age wherein he lived.

Sir M. Hale.