Chapter 17

In*cor"po*ral (?), a. [L. incorporalis. See In- not, and Corporal, and cf. Incorporeal.] Immaterial; incorporeal; spiritual. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

In*cor`po*ral"i*ty (?), n. [L. incorporalitas: cf. F. incorporalité.] Incorporeality. [Obs.] Bailey.

In*cor"po*ral*ly (?), adv. Incorporeally. [Obs.]

In*cor"po*rate (?), a. [L. incorporatus. See In- not, and Corporate.]

1. Not consisting of matter; not having a material body; incorporeal; spiritual.

Moses forbore to speak of angles, and things invisible, and incorporate.

Sir W. Raleigh.

2. Not incorporated; not existing as a corporation; as, an incorporate banking association.

In*cor"po*rate, a. [L. incorporatus, p. p. of incorporare to incorporate; pref. in- in + corporare to make into a body. See Corporate.] Corporate; incorporated; made one body, or united in one body; associated; mixed together; combined; embodied.

As if our hands, our sides, voices, and minds Had been incorporate.

Shak.

A fifteenth part of silver incorporate with gold.

Bacon.

In*cor"po*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Incorporated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Incorporating (?).]

1. To form into a body; to combine, as different ingredients, into one consistent mass.

By your leaves, you shall not stay alone, Till holy church incorporate two in one.

Shak.

2. To unite with a material body; to give a material form to; to embody.

The idolaters, who worshiped their images as gods, supposed some spirit to be incorporated therein.

Bp. Stillingfleet.

3. To unite with, or introduce into, a mass already formed; as, to incorporate copper with silver; -- used with with and into.

4. To unite intimately; to blend; to assimilate; to combine into a structure or organization, whether material or mental; as, to incorporate provinces into the realm; to incorporate another's ideas into one's work.

The Romans did not subdue a country to put the inhabitants to fire and sword, but to incorporate them into their own community.

Addison.

5. To form into a legal body, or body politic; to constitute into a corporation recognized by law, with special functions, rights, duties and liabilities; as, to incorporate a bank, a railroad company, a city or town, etc.

In*cor"po*rate (?), v. i. To unite in one body so as to make a part of it; to be mixed or blended; -- usually followed by with.

Painters' colors and ashes do better incorporate will oil.

Bacon.

He never suffers wrong so long to grow, And to incorporate with right so far As it might come to seem the same in show.

Daniel.

In*cor"po*ra`ted (?), a. United in one body; formed into a corporation; made a legal entity.

In*cor`po*ra"tion (?), n. [L. incorporatio: cf. F. incorporation.]

1. The act of incorporating, or the state of being incorporated.

2. The union of different ingredients in one mass; mixture; combination; synthesis.

3. The union of something with a body already existing; association; intimate union; assimilation; as, the incorporation of conquered countries into the Roman republic.

4. (Law) (a) The act of creating a corporation. (b) A body incorporated; a corporation.

In*cor"po*ra*tive (?), a. Incorporating or tending to incorporate; as, the incorporative languages (as of the Basques, North American Indians, etc. ) which run a whole phrase into one word.

History demonstrates that incorporative unions are solid and permanent; but that a federal union is weak.

W. Belsham.

In*cor"po*ra`tor (?), n. One of a number of persons who gets a company incorporated; one of the original members of a corporation.

In`cor*po"re*al (?), a. [Pref. in- not + corporeal: cf. L. incorporeus. Cf. Incorporal.]

1. Not corporeal; not having a material body or form; not consisting of matter; immaterial.

Thus incorporeal spirits to smaller forms Reduced their shapes immense.

Milton.

Sense and perception must necessarily proceed from some incorporeal substance within us.

Bentley.

2. (Law) Existing only in contemplation of law; not capable of actual visible seizin or possession; not being an object of sense; intangible; -- opposed to corporeal.

Incorporeal hereditament. See under Hereditament.

Syn. -- Immaterial; unsubstantial; bodiless; spiritual.

In`cor*po"re*al*ism (?), n. Existence without a body or material form; immateriality. Cudworth.

In`cor*po"re*al*ist, n. One who believes in incorporealism. Cudworth.

In`cor*po`re*al"i*ty (?), n. The state or quality of being incorporeal or bodiless; immateriality; incorporealism. G. Eliot.

In`cor*po"re*al*ly (?), adv. In an incorporeal manner. Bacon.

In*cor`po*re"i*ty (?), n. [Pref. in- not + corporeity: cf. F. incorporéite.] The quality of being incorporeal; immateriality. Berkeley.

In*corpse" (?), v. t. To incorporate. [R.] Shak.

In`cor*rect" (?), a. [L. incorrectus: cf. F. incorrect. See In- not, and Correct.]

1. Not correct; not according to a copy or model, or to established rules; inaccurate; faulty.

The piece, you think, is incorrect.

Pope.

2. Not in accordance with the truth; inaccurate; not exact; as, an incorrect statement or calculation.

3. Not accordant with duty or morality; not duly regulated or subordinated; unbecoming; improper; as, incorrect conduct.

It shows a will most incorrect to heaven.

Shak.

The wit of the last age was yet more incorrect than their language.

Dryden.

Syn. -- Inaccurate; erroneous; wrong; faulty.

In`cor*rec"tion (?), n. [Pref. in- not + correction: cf. F. incorrection.] Want of correction, restraint, or discipline. [Obs.] Arnway.

In`cor*rect"ly (?), adv. Not correctly; inaccurately; not exactly; as, a writing incorrectly copied; testimony incorrectly stated.

In`cor*rect"ness, n. The quality of being incorrect; want of conformity to truth or to a standard; inaccuracy; inexactness; as, incorrectness may consist in defect or in redundance.

{ In*cor`re*spond"ence (?), In*cor`re*spond"en*cy (?), } n. Want of correspondence; disagreement; disproportion. [R.]

In*cor`re*spond"ing, a. Not corresponding; disagreeing. [R.] Coleridge.

In*cor`ri*gi*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. incorrigibilité.] The state or quality of being incorrigible.

The ingratitude, the incorrigibility, the strange perverseness . . . of mankind.

Barrow.

In*cor"ri*gi*ble (?), a. [L. incorrigibilis: cf. F. incorrigible. See In- not, and Corrigible.] Not corrigible; incapable of being corrected or amended; bad beyond correction; irreclaimable; as, incorrigible error. "Incorrigible fools." Dryden.

In*cor"ri*gi*ble (?), n. One who is incorrigible; especially, a hardened criminal; as, the perpetual imprisonment of incorrigibles.

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In*cor"ri*gi*ble*ness (?), n. Incorrigibility. Dr. H. More.

In*cor"ri*gi*bly, adv. In an incorrigible manner.

In`cor*rod"i*ble (?), a. Incapable of being corroded, consumed, or eaten away.

In`cor*rupt" (?), a. [L. incorruptus. See In- not, and Corrupt.]

1. Not affected with corruption or decay; unimpaired; not marred or spoiled.

2. Not defiled or depraved; pure; sound; untainted; above the influence of bribes; upright; honest. Milton.

Your Christian principles . . . which will preserve you incorrupt as individuals.

Bp. Hurd.

In`cor*rupt"ed (?), a. Uncorrupted. [Obs.]

Breathed into their incorrupted breasts.

Sir J. Davies.

In`cor*rupt`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. incorruptibilitas: cf. F. incorruptibilité.] The quality of being incorruptible; incapability of corruption. Holland.

In`cor*rupt"i*ble (?), a. [L. incorruptibilis: cf. F. incorruptible. See In- not, and Corrupt.]

1. Not corruptible; incapable of corruption, decay, or dissolution; as, gold is incorruptible.

Our bodies shall be changed into incorruptible and immortal substances.

Wake.

2. Incapable of being bribed or morally corrupted; inflexibly just and upright.

In`cor*rupt"i*ble, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a religious sect which arose in Alexandria, in the reign of the Emperor Justinian, and which believed that the body of Christ was incorruptible, and that he suffered hunger, thirst, pain, only in appearance.

In`cor*rupt"i*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being incorruptible. Boyle.

In`cor*rupt"i*bly, adv. In an incorruptible manner.

In`cor*rup"tion (?), n. [L. incorruptio: cf. F. incorruption. See In- not, and Corruption.] The condition or quality of being incorrupt or incorruptible; absence of, or exemption from, corruption.

It is sown in corruption; it is raised in incorruption.

1 Cor. xv. 42.

The same preservation, or, rather, incorruption, we have observed in the flesh of turkeys, capons, etc.

Sir T. Browne.

In`cor*rupt"ive (?), a. [L. incorruptivus.] Incorruptible; not liable to decay. Akenside.

In`cor*rupt"ly (?), adv. Without corruption.

To demean themselves incorruptly.

Milton.

In`cor*rupt"ness, n. 1. Freedom or exemption from decay or corruption.

2. Probity; integrity; honesty. Woodward.

In*cras"sate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Incrassated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Incrassating.] [L. incrassatus, p. p. of incrassare; pref. in- in + crassus thick.] To make thick or thicker; to thicken; especially, in pharmacy, to thicken (a liquid) by the mixture of another substance, or by evaporating the thinner parts.

Acids dissolve or attenuate; alkalies precipitate or incrassate.

Sir I. Newton.

Liquors which time hath incrassated into jellies.

Sir T. Browne.

In*cras"sate, v. i. To become thick or thicker.

{ In*cras"sate (?), In*cras"sa*ted (?), } a. [L. incrassatus, p. p.]

1. Made thick or thicker; thickened; inspissated.

2. (Bot.) Thickened; becoming thicker. Martyn.

3. (Zoöl.) Swelled out on some particular part, as the antennæ of certain insects.

In`cras*sa"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. incrassation.]

1. The act or process of thickening or making thick; the process of becoming thick or thicker.

2. The state of being incrassated or made thick; inspissation. Sir T. Browne.

In*cras"sa*tive (?), a. Having the quality of thickening; tending to thicken. Harvey.

In*cras"sa*tive, n. A substance which has the power to thicken; formerly, a medicine supposed to thicken the humors. Harvey.

In*creas"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being increased. Sherwood. -- In*creas"a*ble*ness, n.

An indefinite increasableness of some of our ideas.

Bp. Law.

In*crease" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Increased (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Increasing.] [OE. incresen, encresen, enrescen, OF. encreistre, fr. L. increscere; pref. in- in + crescere to grow. See Crescent, and cf. Decrease.]

1. To become greater or more in size, quantity, number, degree, value, intensity, power, authority, reputation, wealth; to grow; to augment; to advance; -- opposed to decrease.

The waters increased and bare up the ark.

Gen. vii. 17.

He must increase, but I must decrease.

John iii. 30.

The heavens forbid But that our loves and comforts should increase, Even as our days do grow!

Shak.

2. To multiply by the production of young; to be fertile, fruitful, or prolific.

Fishes are more numerous or increasing than beasts or birds, as appears by their numerous spawn.

Sir M. Hale.

3. (Astron.) To become more nearly full; to show more of the surface; to wax; as, the moon increases.

Increasing function (Math.), a function whose value increases when that of the variable increases, and decreases when the latter is diminished.

Syn. -- To enlarge; extend; multiply; expand; develop; heighten; amplify; raise; enhance; spread; aggravate; magnify; augment; advance. -- To Increase, Enlarge, Extend. Enlarge implies to make larger or broader in size. Extend marks the progress of enlargement so as to have wider boundaries. Increase denotes enlargement by growth and internal vitality, as in the case of plants. A kingdom is enlarged by the addition of new territories; the mind is enlarged by knowledge. A kingdom is extended when its boundaries are carried to a greater distance from the center. A man's riches, honors, knowledge, etc., are increased by accessions which are made from time to time.

In*crease" (?), v. t. To augment or make greater in bulk, quantity, extent, value, or amount, etc.; to add to; to extend; to lengthen; to enhance; to aggravate; as, to increase one's possessions, influence.

I will increase the famine.

Ezek. v. 16.

Make denials Increase your services.

Shak.

In"crease (?; 277), n. [OE. encres, encresse. See Increase, v. i.]

1. Addition or enlargement in size, extent, quantity, number, intensity, value, substance, etc.; augmentation; growth.

As if increase of appetite had grown By what it fed on.

Shak.

For things of tender kind for pleasure made Shoot up with swift increase, and sudden are decay'd.

Dryden.

2. That which is added to the original stock by augmentation or growth; produce; profit; interest.

Take thou no usury of him, or increase.

Lev. xxv. 36.

Let them not live to taste this land's increase.

Shak.

3. Progeny; issue; offspring.

All the increase of thy house shall die in the flower of their age.

1 Sam. ii. 33.

4. Generation. [Obs.] "Organs of increase." Shak.

5. (Astron.) The period of increasing light, or luminous phase; the waxing; -- said of the moon.

Seeds, hair, nails, hedges, and herbs will grow soonest if set or cut in the increase of the moon.

Bacon.

Increase twist, the twixt of a rifle groove in which the angle of twist increases from the breech to the muzzle.

Syn. -- Enlargement; extension; growth; development; increment; addition; accession; production.

In*crease"ful (?), a. Full of increase; abundant in produce. "Increaseful crops." [R.] Shak.

In*crease"ment (?), n. Increase. [R.] Bacon.

In*creas"er (?), n. One who, or that, increases.

In*creas"ing*ly, adv. More and more.

In`cre*ate" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Increated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Increating.] [Pref. in- in + create.] To create within. [R.]

{ In"cre*ate (?), In"cre*a`ted (?), } a. [L. increatus. See In- not, and Create.] Uncreated; self-existent. [R.]

Bright effluence of bright essence increate.

Milton.

In*cred`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. incredibilitas: cf. F. incrédibilité.]

1. The quality or state of being incredible; incredibleness. Dryden.

2. That which is incredible. Johnson.

In*cred"i*ble (?), a. [L. incredibilis: cf. OF. incredible. See In- not, and Credible.] Not credible; surpassing belief; too extraordinary and improbable to admit of belief; unlikely; marvelous; fabulous.

Why should it be thought a thing incredible with you, that God should raise the dead?

Acts xxvi. 8.

In*cred"i*ble*ness, n. Incredibility.

In*cred"i*bly, adv. In an incredible manner.

In*cred"it*ed (?), a. Uncredited. [Obs.]

In`cre*du"li*ty (?), n. [L. incredulitas: cf. F. incrédulité.] The state or quality of being incredulous; a withholding or refusal of belief; skepticism; unbelief; disbelief.

Of every species of incredulity, religious unbelief is the most irrational.

Buckminster.

In*cred"u*lous (?; 135), a. [L. incredulus. See In- not, and Credulous.]

1. Not credulous; indisposed to admit or accept that which is related as true, skeptical; unbelieving. Bacon.

A fantastical incredulous fool.

Bp. Wilkins.

2. Indicating, or caused by, disbelief or incredulity. "An incredulous smile." Longfellow.

3. Incredible; not easy to be believed. [R.] Shak.

In*cred"u*lous*ly, adv. In an incredulous manner; with incredulity.

In*cred"u*lous*ness, n. Incredulity.

In*crem"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in- not + L. cremabilis combustible, fr. cremare to burn.] Incapable of being burnt; incombustibe. Sir T. Browne.

In"cre*mate (?), v. t. [Pref. in- in + cremate.] To consume or reduce to ashes by burning, as a dead body; to cremate.

In`cre*ma"tion (?), n. Burning; esp., the act of burning a dead body; cremation.

In"cre*ment (?), n. [L. incrementum: cf. F. incrément. See Increase.]

1. The act or process of increasing; growth in bulk, guantity, number, value, or amount; augmentation; enlargement.

The seminary that furnisheth matter for the formation and increment of animal and vegetable bodies.

Woodward.

A nation, to be great, ought to be compressed in its increment by nations more civilized than itself.

Coleridge.

2. Matter added; increase; produce; production; -- opposed to decrement. "Large increment." J. Philips.

3. (Math.) The increase of a variable quantity or fraction from its present value to its next ascending value; the finite quantity, generally variable, by which a variable quantity is increased.

4. (Rhet.) An amplification without strict climax, as in the following passage:

Finally, brethren, whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of good report, . . . think on these things.

Phil. iv. 8.

Infinitesimal increment (Math.), an infinitesimally small variation considered in Differential Calculus. See Calculus. -- Method of increments (Math.), a calculus founded on the properties of the successive values of variable quantities and their differences or increments. It differs from the method of fluxions in treating these differences as finite, instead of infinitely small, and is equivalent to the calculus of finite differences.

In`cre*men"tal (?), a. (Biol.) Pertaining to, or resulting from, the process of growth; as, the incremental lines in the dentine of teeth.

In"cre*pate (?), v. t. [L. increpatus, p. p. of increpare to upbraid; pref. in- in, against + crepare to talk noisily.] To chide; to rebuke; to reprove. [Obs.]

In`cre*pa"tion (?), n. [L. increpatio.] A chiding; rebuke; reproof. [Obs.] Hammond.

In*cres"cent (?), a. [L. increscens, -entis, p. pr. of increscere. See Increase.]

1. Increasing; growing; augmenting; swelling; enlarging.

Between the incresent and decrescent moon.

Tennyson.

2. (Her.) Increasing; on the increase; -- said of the moon represented as the new moon, with the points turned toward the dexter side.

In*crest" (?), v. t. To adorn with a crest. [R.] Drummond.

In*crim"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Incriminated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Incriminating.] [LL. incriminatus, p. p. of incriminare; in- in + criminare, criminari, to accuse one of a crime. See Criminate.] To accuse; to charge with a crime or fault; to criminate.

In*crim`i*na"tion (?), n. The act of incriminating; crimination.

In*crim"i*na*to*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to crimination; tending to incriminate; criminatory.

In`cru*en"tal (?), a. [L. incruentus. See In- not, and Cruentous.] Unbloody; not attended with blood; as, an incruental sacrifice. [Obs.] Brevint.

In*crust" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Incrusted; p. pr. & vb. n. Incrusting.] [L. incrustare; pref. in- in + crustare to cover with a crust: cf. F. incruster. See Crust.] [Written also encrust.]

1. To cover or line with a crust, or hard coat; to form a crust on the surface of; as, iron incrusted with rust; a vessel incrusted with salt; a sweetmeat incrusted with sugar.

And by the frost refin'd the whiter snow, Incrusted hard.

Thomson.

2. (Fine Arts) To inlay into, as a piece of carving or other ornamental object.

In*crus"tate (?), a. [L. incrustatus, p. p. See Incrust.] Incrusted. Bacon.

In*crus"tate (?), v. t. To incrust. [R.] Cheyne.

In`crus*ta"tion (?), n. [L. incrustatio: cf. F. incrustation. See Incrust.]

1. The act of incrusting, or the state of being incrusted.

2. A crust or hard coating of anything upon or within a body, as a deposit of lime, sediment, etc., from water on the inner surface of a steam boiler.

3. (Arch.) A covering or inlaying of marble, mosaic, etc., attached to the masonry by cramp irons or cement.

4. (Fine Arts) Anything inlaid or imbedded.

In*crust"ment (?), n. Incrustation. [R.]

In*crys"tal*li`za*ble (?), a. Not crystallizable; incapable of being formed into crystals.

In"cu*bate (?), v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. Incubated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Incubating (?).] [L. incubatus, p. p. incubare to lie on; pref. in- in, on + cubare to lie down. Cf. Cubit, Incumbent.] To sit, as on eggs for hatching; to brood; to brood upon, or keep warm, as eggs, for the purpose of hatching.

In`cu*ba"tion (?), n. [L. incubatio: cf. F. incubation.]

1. A sitting on eggs for the purpose of hatching young; a brooding on, or keeping warm, (eggs) to develop the life within, by any process. Ray.

2. (Med.) The development of a disease from its causes, or its period of incubation. (See below.)

3. A sleeping in a consecrated place for the purpose of dreaming oracular dreams. Tylor.

Period of incubation, or Stage of incubation (Med.), the period which elapses between exposure to the causes of a disease and the attack resulting from it; the time of development of the supposed germs or spores.

In"cu*ba*tive (?), a. Of or pertaining to incubation, or to the period of incubation.

In"cu*ba`tor (?), n. That which incubates, especially, an apparatus by means of which eggs are hatched by artificial heat.

In*cu"ba*to*ry (?), a. Serving for incubation.

In*cube" (?), v. t. To fix firmly, as in cube; to secure or place firmly. [Obs.] Milton.

In*cu"bi*ture (?; 135), n. [Cf. L. incubitus.] Incubation. [Obs.] J. Ellis.

In"cu*bous (?), a. [From L. incubare to lie on.] (Bot.) Having the leaves so placed that the upper part of each one covers the base of the leaf next above it, as in hepatic mosses of the genus Frullania. See Succubous.

In"cu*bus (?), n.; pl. E. Incubuses (#), L. Incubi (#). [L., the nightmare. Cf. Incubate.]

1. A demon; a fiend; a lascivious spirit, supposed to have sexual intercourse with women by night. Tylor.

The devils who appeared in the female form were generally called succubi; those who appeared like men incubi, though this distinction was not always preserved.

Lecky.

2. (Med.) The nightmare. See Nightmare.

Such as are troubled with incubus, or witch- ridden, as we call it.

Burton.

3. Any oppressive encumbrance or burden; anything that prevents the free use of the faculties.

Debt and usury is the incubus which weighs most heavily on the agricultural resources of Turkey.

J. L. Farley.

In*cul"cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inculcated; p. pr. & vb. n. Inculcating (?).] [L. inculcatus, p. p. of inculcare to tread on; pref. in- in, on + calcare to tread, fr. calx the heel; perh. akin to E. heel. Cf. 2d Calk, Heel.] To teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions; to urge on the mind; as, Christ inculcates on his followers humility.

The most obvious and necessary duties of life they have not yet had authority enough to enforce and inculcate upon men's minds.

S. Clarke.

Syn. -- To instill; infuse; implant; engraft; impress.

In`cul*ca"tion (?), n. [L. inculcatio: cf. F. inculcation.] A teaching and impressing by frequent repetitions. Bp. Hall.

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In*cul"ca*tor (?), n. [L.] One who inculcates. Boyle.

In*culk" (?). v. t. [Cf. F. inculquer. See Inculcate.] To inculcate. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

In*culp" (?), v. t. [Cf. inculper. See Inculpate.] To inculpate. [Obs.] Shelton.

In*cul"pa*ble (?), a. [L. inculpabilis: cf. F. incupable.] Faultless; blameless; innocent. South.

An innocent and incupable piece of ignorance.

Killingbeck.

In*cul"pa*ble*ness, n. Blamelessness; faultlessness.

In*cul"pa*bly, adv. Blamelessly. South.

In*cul"pate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Inculpated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Inculpating (?).] [LL. inculpatus, p. p. of inculpare to blame; pref. in- in + culpa fault. See Culpable.] [A word of recent introduction.] To blame; to impute guilt to; to accuse; to involve or implicate in guilt.

That risk could only exculpate her and not inculpate them -- the probabilities protected them so perfectly.

H. James.

In`cul*pa"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. inculpation.] Blame; censure; crimination. Jefferson.

In*cul"pa*to*ry (?), a. Imputing blame; criminatory; compromising; implicating.

In*cult" (?), a. [L. incultus; pref. in- not + cultus, p. p. of colere to cultivate: cf. F. inculte.] Untilled; uncultivated; crude; rude; uncivilized.

Germany then, says Tacitus, was incult and horrid, now full of magnificent cities.

Burton.

His style is diffuse and incult.

M. W. Shelley.